EP0030212A1 - Système de support d'anodes pour une cuve d'électrolyse ignée - Google Patents

Système de support d'anodes pour une cuve d'électrolyse ignée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0030212A1
EP0030212A1 EP80810361A EP80810361A EP0030212A1 EP 0030212 A1 EP0030212 A1 EP 0030212A1 EP 80810361 A EP80810361 A EP 80810361A EP 80810361 A EP80810361 A EP 80810361A EP 0030212 A1 EP0030212 A1 EP 0030212A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
anode
electrically insulating
cell
support system
anode support
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP80810361A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0030212B1 (fr
Inventor
Wolfgang Schmidt-Hatting
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alcan Holdings Switzerland AG
Original Assignee
Alusuisse Holdings AG
Schweizerische Aluminium AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CH686580A external-priority patent/CH651594A5/de
Application filed by Alusuisse Holdings AG, Schweizerische Aluminium AG filed Critical Alusuisse Holdings AG
Priority to AT80810361T priority Critical patent/ATE2445T1/de
Publication of EP0030212A1 publication Critical patent/EP0030212A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0030212B1 publication Critical patent/EP0030212B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
    • C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
    • C25C3/16—Electric current supply devices, e.g. bus bars

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an anode support system for the current supply to a melt flow electrolysis cell, in particular for the production of aluminum.
  • the electrolysis furnace In normal operation, the electrolysis furnace is usually operated periodically, even if there is no anode effect by cracking the crust and adding alumina.
  • the two magnetic effects mentioned must be differentiated from a further magnetic effect, the rotating metal wave.
  • This metal wave runs, depending on the general direction of current in the hall, clockwise or counterclockwise, along the board of the electrolytic cell.
  • the metal wave When the metal wave is currently in the cell, it temporarily reduces the interpolar distance to the anode or anodes above it.
  • the electrolyte resistance to be overcome by the direct current becomes smaller, as a result of which the instantaneous current strength is increased at the location of the wave crest. Because the sum of the instantaneous values of the currents of all anodes corresponds at any moment to the direct current value of the cell, the current intensity will be outside the range of the metal shaft Lichen anodes can be reduced according to the larger interpolar distance until the metal shaft has migrated.
  • the revolving metal wave leads in a single anode rod to a temporal change in the current intensity similar to the sinusoidal form, but the DC value of the anode rod is retained.
  • the round trip time of a metal wave along the circumference of the electrolytic cell i.e. the time for the metal shaft to return to the same anode bar is usually between 30 and 80 seconds.
  • the interpolar distance of all anodes can be increased, as a result of which the metal waves can usually be reduced in size, often even made to disappear.
  • the ohmic voltage drop in the electrolyte is also increased, and consequently the expenditure of electrical energy is increased.
  • the additional electrical energy consumed is converted into heat instead of being used to manufacture aluminum.
  • the aluminum produced per unit is considerably more expensive.
  • the metal shaft can be easily recognized by a simultaneous measurement of the currents of all anode rods according to known measuring principles, and their rotational movement can be tracked.
  • the height of the metal waves is a few millimeters to a few centimeters. In extreme cases it can lead to a short circuit between the cathode and the anode, since the interpolar distance is of the same order of magnitude; it is usually between 4 and 6 cm.
  • the inventor has set himself the task of creating a melt flow electrolysis cell, in particular for the production of aluminum, in which the metal shaft is greatly reduced or suppressed without increasing the interpolar distance.
  • the AC circuit can be determined as follows. This flows down in one or a few anode rods, crosses the corresponding anodes, leaves them on their undersides, crosses the electrolyte approximately perpendicularly and penetrates into the reduced metal. In the metal, the alternating current flows in a horizontal direction to the anodes approximately diametrically opposite at the cell edge, leaves the metal there, flows through the electrolyte almost vertically upwards, penetrates the anodes above, crosses them, flows via the associated anode rods into the anode bars and returns to the anode rods mentioned at the beginning.
  • the current loop defined in this way rotates, depending on the position of the return line in the hall, left or right, around a vertical axis which is approximately in the cell center, while the metal shaft and with it the alternating current maximum revolve around the cell circumference.
  • the AC circuit mentioned is galvanically interrupted, which means that metal waves are no longer possible because the driving AC current is largely absent.
  • the isolating separations are therefore arranged in parallel bridging switches.
  • This bridging of the permanent separations in the crossmember means that, in the event of a disturbed cathodic current distribution, the equalizing currents in the anode support system of the subsequent cell can flow not only over sections but over the entire crossbar. This largely eliminates harmful interference in the form of magnetic movements or surface deformation.
  • the compensating currents are direct currents and are not identical to the alternating currents which are responsible for maintaining the rotating metal shaft.
  • the conductor cross-section of the switch is relatively small, for example it is 1-10% of the rail cross-section.
  • the switches that are to bridge the isolating separation points are expediently attached to the crossbar itself.
  • the switches are controlled automatically, in particular by means of EDP, and closed and opened by an electromagnetically operating actuator.
  • the bridges When the electrolysis cell is operating normally, the bridges are closed, so the equalizing currents can flow over the entire crossbar. If revolving metal shafts are formed, the bridges are opened, as a result of which the parts of the traverse lying between the electrically insulating separations are separated from one another. After the revolving metal shaft has subsided, the bridges are closed again.
  • the occurrence of a metal vibration or surface deformation is determined by known methods, for example by registering the currents in the anode rods, and at Using an automated system the necessary control impulse is triggered by a computer system.
  • FIGS. 1-4 The anode support system with six anodes shown in FIGS. 1-4 is only intended to illustrate the principle; of course, in the case of electrolytic cells used for industrial production, significantly more anodes are arranged.
  • the anode support system consists of two anode rails 10 arranged in parallel and two printed circuit boards 12 arranged on the end faces of these rails. Both anode rails and printed circuit boards are preferably made of aluminum, the end faces of the anode rails 10 are expediently welded to the printed circuit boards 12.
  • the power supply lines are connected to the circuit boards.
  • these power supply lines can be connected not only on the front side with respect to the anode rails, but also at any location on the longitudinal side of the rail which is advantageous for good furnace operation.
  • an anode rail can also be separated and insulated into the same or different sections at more than one location.
  • Six anodes 14 are suspended from the anode rails 10 by means of A rod rods 16, which also consist of aluminum in the upper region.
  • a current ⁇ is generated from one side. J and fed from the other side (1- ⁇ ) - J.
  • J denotes the total cell direct current
  • oe is a distribution factor between 0 and 1, which is constant for a system made up of many cells connected in series.
  • the rail guides to the subsequent cells are designed in such a way that 2/3 of the cell direct current J is supplied to the anode bar from the left and 1/3 from the right. So the constant ⁇ is 2/3.
  • Each anode rod 16 leads the anodes 14 and thus 1/6 of the cell direct current to the electrolytic cell.
  • the alternating current as a result of a metal wave could be between any anodes diametrically opposite on the cell circumference, i.e. 1 and 4, 2 and 5 and 3 and 6 (Fig. 2), close via anode rails 10 and circuit boards 12.
  • the AC circuit for anodes 1 and 4 and 3 and 6 is interrupted.
  • the uninterrupted AC circuit for anodes 2 and 5 is not sufficient to maintain a rotating metal shaft, since if it had reached the corner points, it would no longer find the AC current driving it.
  • the distribution factor ⁇ is 0.5, i.e. If the same amount of current is supplied from the left and right, the separation C does not have to take place in the anode rails 10, but in the printed circuit boards 12. Otherwise it would not be possible to supply all anodes with their nominal current. With an even number of anodes per rail, the separation can of course also take place at C.
  • Sf 0.5
  • the electrically insulating connecting pieces 11 shown in FIGS. 2-4 connect the anode rails 10 or the printed circuit boards 12 in a mechanically stable manner on the section lines A, B or C.
  • These materials can consist of one of the insulating materials used in electrical engineering, preferably wood or asbestos.
  • the isolating separations A, B and C are preferably bridged in parallel with switches (not shown).
  • the AC circuits of diametrically opposed anodes can only be prevented if the profile, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, is completely cut through in the transverse direction at least once and mechanically stably connected to an electrically insulating material.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
EP80810361A 1979-12-03 1980-11-24 Système de support d'anodes pour une cuve d'électrolyse ignée Expired EP0030212B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80810361T ATE2445T1 (de) 1979-12-03 1980-11-24 Anodentraegersystem fuer eine schmelzflusselektrolysezelle.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1070479 1979-12-03
CH10704/79 1979-12-03
CH686580A CH651594A5 (en) 1980-09-12 1980-09-12 Anodic structure for molten-salt electrolysis
CH6865/80 1980-09-12

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0030212A1 true EP0030212A1 (fr) 1981-06-10
EP0030212B1 EP0030212B1 (fr) 1983-02-09

Family

ID=25700305

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80810361A Expired EP0030212B1 (fr) 1979-12-03 1980-11-24 Système de support d'anodes pour une cuve d'électrolyse ignée

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4326939A (fr)
EP (1) EP0030212B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU536947B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA1167800A (fr)
DE (1) DE3061925D1 (fr)
IS (1) IS1147B6 (fr)
NO (1) NO154310C (fr)
YU (1) YU304380A (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ZA824256B (en) * 1981-06-25 1983-05-25 Alcan Int Ltd Electrolytic reduction cells
US4431492A (en) * 1982-04-20 1984-02-14 Mitsubishi Keikinzoku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Aluminum electrolytic cell arrays and method of supplying electric power to the same
US20070276686A1 (en) * 2006-01-20 2007-11-29 Count & Crush, Llc Techniques for processing recyclable containers
CA2806505C (fr) * 2010-08-11 2017-10-31 Outotec Oyj Appareil destine a etre utilise en electroaffinage et en electroextraction
FR3009564A1 (fr) * 2013-08-09 2015-02-13 Rio Tinto Alcan Int Ltd Aluminerie comprenant un circuit electrique de compensation
AU2014305612B2 (en) * 2013-08-09 2017-12-21 Rio Tinto Alcan International Limited Electrolytic cell intended for the production of aluminium and electrolytic smelter comprising this cell
WO2021163142A1 (fr) * 2020-02-10 2021-08-19 University Of Rochester Systèmes et procédés pour cellules électrolytiques à faible consommation d'énergie

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2850469A1 (de) * 1977-11-23 1979-05-31 Alcan Res & Dev Elektrolyse-reduktionszelle

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1265551A (en) * 1917-04-07 1918-05-07 Charles Harrison Thomson Electrolytic apparatus.
US3417008A (en) * 1965-01-15 1968-12-17 Udylite Corp Switch for electrochemical processes
NO124039B (fr) * 1968-06-07 1972-02-21 Montedison Spa

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2850469A1 (de) * 1977-11-23 1979-05-31 Alcan Res & Dev Elektrolyse-reduktionszelle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4326939A (en) 1982-04-27
NO154310B (no) 1986-05-20
NO803619L (no) 1981-06-04
EP0030212B1 (fr) 1983-02-09
NO154310C (no) 1986-08-27
CA1167800A (fr) 1984-05-22
IS1147B6 (is) 1984-03-05
DE3061925D1 (en) 1983-03-17
IS2600A7 (is) 1981-06-04
AU6413980A (en) 1981-06-11
AU536947B2 (en) 1984-05-31
YU304380A (en) 1983-02-28

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