EP0029714A1 - Method of preventing erasure of an image and a booklet of security papers - Google Patents
Method of preventing erasure of an image and a booklet of security papers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0029714A1 EP0029714A1 EP80304166A EP80304166A EP0029714A1 EP 0029714 A1 EP0029714 A1 EP 0029714A1 EP 80304166 A EP80304166 A EP 80304166A EP 80304166 A EP80304166 A EP 80304166A EP 0029714 A1 EP0029714 A1 EP 0029714A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- inorganic material
- booklet
- booklet according
- image
- clay
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 3
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004606 Fillers/Extenders Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003317 industrial substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
- D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
- D21H21/40—Agents facilitating proof of genuineness or preventing fraudulent alteration, e.g. for security paper
- D21H21/44—Latent security elements, i.e. detectable or becoming apparent only by use of special verification or tampering devices or methods
- D21H21/46—Elements suited for chemical verification or impeding chemical tampering, e.g. by use of eradicators
Definitions
- This invention generally relates to the prevention of fraudulent alteration of documents.
- it relates to a method of preventing erasure of an image produced from an erasable ballpoint pen or a correctable typewriter, and also to a booklet of security papers.
- ballpoint pens are now available, the ink from which is erasable for several hours after it has been applied to a writing surface.
- Such ballpoint pens are described in US Patent 4 097 290 wherein it is stated that the ink properties of initial erasability and eventual permanence are due to certain rubber compounds and volatile solvents present in the ink. Whilst pens of this kind overcome the long-felt drawback of not permitting neat corrections, they also pose a serious problem in facilitating fraudulent alteration of security papers.
- a ballpoint pen as just described will be referred to hereafter as an "erasable ballpoint pen".
- a further example is provided by the kind of typewriter now marketed which enables corrections to be made by "lifting" typed indicia off the typing surface by means of the typewriter ribbon, and then typing other indicia in their place. Whilst such a facility is clearly advantageous for the typist, it again poses a problem in facilitating fraudulent alteration of security papers.
- a typewriter as just described will be referred to hereafter as a "correctable typewriter”.
- the present invention provides a method of preventing erasure of an image produced from an erasable ballpoint pen or a correctable typewriter characterised in that the image is written or typed on a coated surface in which the coating contains an adsorbent inorganic material.
- the surface may for example be the surface of a security paper, such as a bank cheque of the kind issued to the banks' customers in cheque books.
- the present invention therefore also provides a booklet of security papers which are detachably secured together characterised in that the papers are provided with a coated typing or writing surface in which the coating contains an adsorbent inorganic material.
- a particular advantage of the present invention is that a coated surface of the kind just described also affords good printability.
- the adsorbent inorganic material is advantageously electron-accepting and may be silica gel although an acidic clay is preferred especially an acidic clay of the kind customarily used as a colour developer in pressure- sensitive copying paper.
- an acidic clay is preferred especially an acidic clay of the kind customarily used as a colour developer in pressure- sensitive copying paper.
- examples of such a clay include attapulgite and bentonite, for instance montmorillonite, clays.
- the most preferred clay is an acid-washed dioctahedral montmorillonite clay such as that sold by Mizusawa Industrial Chemicals Ltd., Japan under the name "Silton M-AB.”
- the minimum amount of inorganic material required to prevent erasure of the image varies in accordance with the particular material employed. Generally though, the minimum amount is about 1 gram per square metre of surface. The achievement of the invention is not of course dependent on any maximum amount of inorganic material but no additional benefit seems to be obtained over an amount of about 10 grams per square metre of surface.
- the coating may also contain an extender, such as kaolin, and a binder, such as a butadiene latex.
- an extender such as kaolin
- a binder such as a butadiene latex.
- Security paper having a coating of an adsorbent inorganic material is prepared in a conventional manner.
- a coating mix containing the inorganic material and other components is prepared and coated on to security base paper sheet at, for example, the size press.
- a coating mix was made by adding 23kg sodium hydroxide and 5kg Cellufix FF5 (a carboxymethyl cellulose water retention aid) to 180 gallons of water, and mixing for 10 minutes. 805kg “Silton M-AB” (acid-washed dioctahedral montmorillonite clay) and 200kg Dinkie A (kaolin) were then added with a further 110 gallons of water and mixed for 60 minutes. Finally 340kg Dow 86433 (butadiene latex binder) and 110 gallons of water were added and mixed to provide a coating mix with a solids content of 35.5%.
- Dow 86433 butadiene latex binder
- the coating mix containing "Silton M-AB” was then coated on to security base paper sheet (88 grams per square metre) to give a coated security paper (95 grams per square metre) in which the amount of "Silton M-AB” was 4.1 grams per square metre.
Landscapes
- Color Printing (AREA)
Abstract
A method of preventing erasure of an image produced from an erasable ballpoint pen or a correctable typewriter by writing or typing the image upon a surface coated with an adsorbent inorganic material, such as a montmorillonite acid clay. Such a method prevents fraudulent alteration of security papers.
Description
- This invention generally relates to the prevention of fraudulent alteration of documents. In particular, it relates to a method of preventing erasure of an image produced from an erasable ballpoint pen or a correctable typewriter, and also to a booklet of security papers.
- It is conventional for security papers which are likely to be the subject of attempts at fraudulent alteration to contain reactive chemicals which produce colour changes if an attempt is made to erase or alter printed, typed or written indicia on the document. Whilst such chemicals are very useful, they do not serve as a safeguard against all possibilities for fraudulent alteration of security papers.
- For example, ballpoint pens are now available, the ink from which is erasable for several hours after it has been applied to a writing surface. Such ballpoint pens are described in US Patent 4 097 290 wherein it is stated that the ink properties of initial erasability and eventual permanence are due to certain rubber compounds and volatile solvents present in the ink. Whilst pens of this kind overcome the long-felt drawback of not permitting neat corrections, they also pose a serious problem in facilitating fraudulent alteration of security papers. A ballpoint pen as just described will be referred to hereafter as an "erasable ballpoint pen".
- A further example is provided by the kind of typewriter now marketed which enables corrections to be made by "lifting" typed indicia off the typing surface by means of the typewriter ribbon, and then typing other indicia in their place. Whilst such a facility is clearly advantageous for the typist, it again poses a problem in facilitating fraudulent alteration of security papers. A typewriter as just described will be referred to hereafter as a "correctable typewriter".
- It has now been found that attempts at fraudulent alteration of an image or indicia on a security paper, the image or indicia having been produced from an erasable ballpoint pen or a correctable typewriter, can be prevented by the provision of a coating of an adsorbent inorganic material on the writing or typing surface of the security paper. As the image or indicia produced on the coated surface is rendered substantially permanent from the time of writing or typing, it is much more difficult, if not impossible, to erase or alter it.
- Accordingly, the present invention provides a method of preventing erasure of an image produced from an erasable ballpoint pen or a correctable typewriter characterised in that the image is written or typed on a coated surface in which the coating contains an adsorbent inorganic material. The surface may for example be the surface of a security paper, such as a bank cheque of the kind issued to the banks' customers in cheque books. The present invention therefore also provides a booklet of security papers which are detachably secured together characterised in that the papers are provided with a coated typing or writing surface in which the coating contains an adsorbent inorganic material.
- A particular advantage of the present invention is that a coated surface of the kind just described also affords good printability.
- The adsorbent inorganic material is advantageously electron-accepting and may be silica gel although an acidic clay is preferred especially an acidic clay of the kind customarily used as a colour developer in pressure- sensitive copying paper. Examples of such a clay include attapulgite and bentonite, for instance montmorillonite, clays. The most preferred clay is an acid-washed dioctahedral montmorillonite clay such as that sold by Mizusawa Industrial Chemicals Ltd., Japan under the name "Silton M-AB."
- The minimum amount of inorganic material required to prevent erasure of the image varies in accordance with the particular material employed. Generally though, the minimum amount is about 1 gram per square metre of surface. The achievement of the invention is not of course dependent on any maximum amount of inorganic material but no additional benefit seems to be obtained over an amount of about 10 grams per square metre of surface.
- In addition to the inorganic material, the coating may also contain an extender, such as kaolin, and a binder, such as a butadiene latex.
- Security paper having a coating of an adsorbent inorganic material is prepared in a conventional manner. Thus, a coating mix containing the inorganic material and other components is prepared and coated on to security base paper sheet at, for example, the size press.
- The invention will now be illustrated by the following examples :-
- Preparation of a Coated Security Paper
- A coating mix was made by adding 23kg sodium hydroxide and 5kg Cellufix FF5 (a carboxymethyl cellulose water retention aid) to 180 gallons of water, and mixing for 10 minutes. 805kg "Silton M-AB" (acid-washed dioctahedral montmorillonite clay) and 200kg Dinkie A (kaolin) were then added with a further 110 gallons of water and mixed for 60 minutes. Finally 340kg Dow 86433 (butadiene latex binder) and 110 gallons of water were added and mixed to provide a coating mix with a solids content of 35.5%.
- The coating mix containing "Silton M-AB" was then coated on to security base paper sheet (88 grams per square metre) to give a coated security paper (95 grams per square metre) in which the amount of "Silton M-AB" was 4.1 grams per square metre.
- Paper coated thus was found to have good printability.
- The paper coated with "Silton M-AB" clay and a conventional china clay-coated printing paper were each written upon by an erasable ballpoint pen (sold under the trade name "Replay" by Papermate) and by a correctable typewriter (sold by IBM). Attempts at correction were then made by means of a rubber eraser and by suitable operation of the typewriter respectively. In both cases the original image remained substantially
- fast on the 'Silton M-AB' - coated paper but was easily removed from the conventional printing paper.
Claims (10)
1. A method of preventing erasure of an image produced from an erasable ballpoint pen or a correctable typewriter characterised in that the image is written or typed on a coated surface in which the coating contains an adsorbent inorganic material.
2. A booklet of security papers which are detachably secured together characterised in that the papers are provided with a coated typing or writing surface in which the coating contains an adsorbent inorganic material.
3. A method or booklet according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the adsorbent inorganic material is electron-accepting.
4. A method or booklet according to claim 3, characterised in that the electron-accepting adsorbent inorganic material is silica gel.
5. A method or booklet according to claim 3, characterised in that the electron-accepting adsorbent inorganic material is an acidic clay.
6. A method or booklet according to claim 5, characterised in that the acidic clay is selected from the group consisting of attapulgite and bentonite clays.
7. A method or booklet according to claim 6, characterised in that the bentonite clay is a montmorillonite clay.
8. A method or booklet according to claim 7, characterised in that the montmorillonite clay is an acid-washed di-octahedral montmorillonite clay.
9. A method or booklet according to any one of the preceding claims characterised in that the weight of the coating is from 1 to 10 grams per square metre of surface.
10. A method or booklet according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the coating contains a binder.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7940210 | 1979-11-21 | ||
| GB7940210 | 1979-11-21 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0029714A1 true EP0029714A1 (en) | 1981-06-03 |
Family
ID=10509331
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP80304166A Withdrawn EP0029714A1 (en) | 1979-11-21 | 1980-11-20 | Method of preventing erasure of an image and a booklet of security papers |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0029714A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1981001430A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2574099A1 (en) * | 1984-12-05 | 1986-06-06 | Aussedat Rey | IMPRESSION-WRITING SUPPORT INFALSIFIABLE |
| WO2002020902A1 (en) * | 2000-09-11 | 2002-03-14 | Arjo Wiggins Security Sas | Security sheet comprising a transparent or translucent layer |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE523251A (en) * | ||||
| US2213643A (en) * | 1938-10-11 | 1940-09-03 | Vanderbilt Co R T | Coated fibrous sheet materials |
| US2333979A (en) * | 1941-08-15 | 1943-11-09 | Fox River Paper Corp | Safety paper |
| US2641557A (en) * | 1948-11-18 | 1953-06-09 | Ncr Co | Paper with improved printing characteristics |
| GB760080A (en) * | 1953-09-15 | 1956-10-31 | Ncr Co | Process for producing pigment-containing paper-coating compositions |
| DE2036892A1 (en) * | 1970-07-24 | 1972-02-03 | Huber, Dr. Otto, 8022 Grunwald | Lacquers - for surface finishing of paper |
-
1980
- 1980-11-20 WO PCT/GB1980/000200 patent/WO1981001430A1/en unknown
- 1980-11-20 EP EP80304166A patent/EP0029714A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE523251A (en) * | ||||
| US2213643A (en) * | 1938-10-11 | 1940-09-03 | Vanderbilt Co R T | Coated fibrous sheet materials |
| US2333979A (en) * | 1941-08-15 | 1943-11-09 | Fox River Paper Corp | Safety paper |
| US2641557A (en) * | 1948-11-18 | 1953-06-09 | Ncr Co | Paper with improved printing characteristics |
| GB760080A (en) * | 1953-09-15 | 1956-10-31 | Ncr Co | Process for producing pigment-containing paper-coating compositions |
| DE2036892A1 (en) * | 1970-07-24 | 1972-02-03 | Huber, Dr. Otto, 8022 Grunwald | Lacquers - for surface finishing of paper |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2574099A1 (en) * | 1984-12-05 | 1986-06-06 | Aussedat Rey | IMPRESSION-WRITING SUPPORT INFALSIFIABLE |
| EP0184529A1 (en) * | 1984-12-05 | 1986-06-11 | Aussedat-Rey | Forgery-proof impression-writing support |
| WO2002020902A1 (en) * | 2000-09-11 | 2002-03-14 | Arjo Wiggins Security Sas | Security sheet comprising a transparent or translucent layer |
| FR2814476A1 (en) * | 2000-09-11 | 2002-03-29 | Arjo Wiggins Sa | SAFETY SHEET HAVING A TRANSPARENT OR TRANSLUCENT LAYER |
| CZ301138B6 (en) * | 2000-09-11 | 2009-11-18 | Arjo Wiggins Security Sas | Security paper with transparent or translucent coating, process for producing thereof and banknote obtained by printing thereon |
| US8658273B2 (en) | 2000-09-11 | 2014-02-25 | Arjowiggins Security | Security sheet comprising a transparent or translucent layer |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1981001430A1 (en) | 1981-05-28 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
| 18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 19820512 |
|
| RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: COLE, DENNIS |