EP0029010A1 - Elektrisches Heizgerät mit Speicherung - Google Patents

Elektrisches Heizgerät mit Speicherung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0029010A1
EP0029010A1 EP80810341A EP80810341A EP0029010A1 EP 0029010 A1 EP0029010 A1 EP 0029010A1 EP 80810341 A EP80810341 A EP 80810341A EP 80810341 A EP80810341 A EP 80810341A EP 0029010 A1 EP0029010 A1 EP 0029010A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
accumulation
elements
transfer
block
faces
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP80810341A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0029010B1 (de
Inventor
Yves Trouilhet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
L'INDUSTRIELLE D'EQUIPEMENT
Original Assignee
L'INDUSTRIELLE D'EQUIPEMENT
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Publication date
Application filed by L'INDUSTRIELLE D'EQUIPEMENT filed Critical L'INDUSTRIELLE D'EQUIPEMENT
Priority to AT80810341T priority Critical patent/ATE5025T1/de
Publication of EP0029010A1 publication Critical patent/EP0029010A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0029010B1 publication Critical patent/EP0029010B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H7/00—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release
    • F24H7/02—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid
    • F24H7/04—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid with forced circulation of the transfer fluid
    • F24H7/0408—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid with forced circulation of the transfer fluid using electrical energy supply
    • F24H7/0416—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid with forced circulation of the transfer fluid using electrical energy supply the transfer fluid being air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F24H9/1854—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for air heaters
    • F24H9/1863—Arrangement or mounting of electric heating means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electric storage heater in which air circulates in a closed circuit passing through an air-water heat exchanger.
  • Electric storage heaters allow heat to be stored during off-peak hours of power consumption, especially at night, and to restore it during the day when electricity consumption is higher, which allows the load to be better distributed. of the distribution network. In return, the user benefits from a reduced rate which represents significant savings.
  • Such devices have already been proposed, designed essentially for storing a sufficient quantity of heat during the eight hours of the night tariff to heat during the remaining sixteen day hours a given habitable volume and for a heat loss corresponding to the coldest days for a specific climatic region.
  • the design of such devices is economically questionable given that we size these devices according to exceptional circumstances which occur only a few times a year. It follows that a large proportion of the storage volume is only necessary for a few days a year. The same is true of the additional insulation material intended to insulate this storage volume used exceptionally. Consequently, the corresponding investment for the storage material and the insulating material cannot be amortized by the difference in tariff between off-peak hours and peak hours for this part of the storage volume used sporadically.
  • the storage volume is a dead space in the home that should be reduced as much as possible.
  • thermal storage block formed of stacked refractory elements crossed by horizontal convection channels extending between two faces of the block adjacent to two spaces connected respectively to a distribution and to an air collector. These channels are formed in two complementary portions formed on two adjacent refractory elements.
  • a metal sheet is interposed between two adjacent blocks and extends through the convection channels to facilitate the removal of heat from the block. These metal sheets do not constitute a storage element but are only there as a thermal conductor. In addition, if these sheets allow the heat to be removed from the refractory blocks, they practically do not make it possible to facilitate the thermal loading of these blocks because they are not in direct contact with the heating resistors.
  • patent FR 1 542 246 it comprises a block formed of refractory elements stacked between which electrical resistances are embedded in a thermally good conductive material which also surrounds a column of water used for the extraction of the heat accumulated in the block.
  • the nature of the thermally conductive material is not specified, nor the mode of incorporation of the resistors in this material.
  • Such a document apparently poses the problem without really giving a solution.
  • the heating of the water is direct, which practically does not allow good modulation of the heat transfer under penalty of working with very high vapor pressures.
  • DOS 1 778 165 proposes to form an accumulation block of a core composed of elements with good thermal conductivity surrounded by an envelope composed of elements made of material with low conductivity.
  • the elements of the core have grooves for receiving electrical heating resistors.
  • Vertical convection channels are provided between the elements of the heart and the envelope.
  • Such a structure necessarily creates a warmer area in the upper part of the core since the elements with lower thermal conductivity are around and therefore does not achieve the desired goal, so that the storage volume is not used optimally since it will be necessary to stop the heating of the block when the top of the heart has reached the limit temperature supported by the resistors while the refractory elements will still be at a substantially lower temperature.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy, at least in part, the aforementioned drawbacks.
  • the subject of this invention is an electric storage heater comprising an accumulation block housed in a thermally insulating envelope and having an alternating stack of storage elements of refractory material and transfer elements of material. thermally conductive, this accumulation block being traversed by convection channels opening onto two of its opposite vertical faces and incorporating electrical heating resistors.
  • each of said transfer elements is formed of a parallelepipedal body of cast iron extending from one to the other of said opposite vertical faces and that this body has on the one hand an alternating network of convection channels and d 'conduction heat transfer fins formed on at least one of these faces adjacent to said accumulation elements and on the other hand at least one recess opening on one of the faces of said parallelepiped body and shaped to removably receive an electrical resistance of heating.
  • the heater illustrated schematically in FIG. 1 is more particularly designed to heat the water of a central heating circuit.
  • the invention is in no way limited to this application.
  • only the main elements of this device are shown, the invention essentially relating to thermal storage.
  • This device comprises an insulating envelope 1 delimiting an enclosure divided into two superimposed compartments, one 2 in which there is a tangential fan 3 and a heat exchanger. their air-water 4, the other 5 in which there is an accumulation block 6 which rests on the partition 7 separating the compartments 2 and 5.
  • This partition 7 is pierced with two openings 7a and 7b which make the tangential fan communicate 3 with a distribution space 8 formed between one of the faces of the accumulation block 6 and the insulating envelope 1, respectively the air-water heat exchanger 4 with a collecting space 9 formed between the face of the accumulation block 6 opposite the face adjacent to the distribution space 8 and the insulating envelope 1.
  • the other lateral faces and the upper face of the accumulation block are in contact with the insulating envelope 1 so that the air circulation between the tangential fan 3 and the air-water heat exchanger 4 can only be done through the accumulation block 6.
  • this accumulation block is illustrated in more detail in FIGS. 2 and 3. It is formed of an alternating succession of accumulation elements 10 made of a refractory material, such as magnesia, and transfer elements 11 made of a material which is a good thermal conductor such as cast iron.
  • the accumulation elements 10 have a parallelepiped recess 10a in which is housed the transfer element 11.
  • This transfer element 11 has a groove 12 formed from parallel rectilinear segments connected by arcs of circles.
  • This groove 12 is formed on one of the faces of the transfer element 11, adjacent to an accumulation element 10. It extends to a depth substantially equal to half the thickness of the transfer element 11 and serves as a housing for an armored resistor 13 fitted in this groove 12.
  • a series of parallel convection channels 14 are provided on this same face of the transfer element as well as on the opposite face. Their section is small so as to pinch the flow and to favor its distribution over the entire height of the block 6.
  • the cast iron separating the grooves from each other forms heat transfer fins 14a which are in contact with the accumulation elements 10 and provide thermal transfer by conduction between the transfer and accumulation elements 11 10.
  • the depth of these convection channels 14 is chosen so that the armored resistance 13 placed in its groove 12 is located at a depth greater than the bottom convec channels tion 14.
  • This variant makes it possible to reduce the thickness of the transfer element 11 'by 1 cm by passing it by 25 mm in the embodiment of FIGS. 2 and 3 to 15 mm in the embodiment of FIGS. 4 and 5, which reduces the cast iron weight of the transfer elements by almost half for comparable performance.
  • This reduction in thickness can obviously be compensated by a corresponding reduction in the depth of the parallelepiped recess 10a.
  • Fig 6 shows another variant in which the accumulation elements 10 'have in section the shape of an I capable of providing them with better mechanical strength.
  • the accumulation elements 10 “have a rectangular shape in section and the transfer elements 11" then extend over the entire surface of the accumulation elements 10 ". This variant makes it possible to improve the contact between the 11 "transfer and 10" accumulation elements.
  • the advantage lies in the fact that the transfer elements 11, 11 ′ can be introduced into or removed from the accumulation block 6 like simple drawers. This notably facilitates the possible replacement of a resistor.
  • the transfer elements 11 are formed in two parts 11" a and 11 “b to form between them the housing 12".
  • Each of the two parts 11 “a and 11” b has two flanges 17 which extend tend respectively along the two sides of the block 6 "adjacent to the spaces 8 and 9 formed between the casing 1 and the block 6". These flanges 17 serve to retain the accumulation elements 10 ".
  • the two parts 11 "a, 11" b have recesses 18 (fig.8) intended to receive an elastic member 19 intended to bear against the walls of the insulating envelope 1 so as to position the block 6 "in this envelope 1.
  • the convection channels not visible in Figs. 7 and 8. are formed on the external faces of the parts 11 “a and 11" b and extend transversely to the resistance 13 ". These convection channels pass through the flanges 17 so that the latter is crenellated.
  • the 13 "resistor can be a bare resistor, placed on a ceramic insulating layer formed by a putty deposited in liquid form and then cured.
  • a sheet 20 can be interposed between the transfer elements 10, 10 ', 10 "and the accumulation elements 11, 11', 11".
  • This composite structure of the accumulation block 6 therefore improves the heating of the accumulation elements by reducing at the same time very strongly the temperature gradient between the resistors 13, 13 ′ and the accumulation block 6. This is how if the maximum temperature of the accumulation block 6 is 650 ° C., the temperature of the resistor 13, 13 ′ will be barely higher. Indeed, when the resistors are in refractory material and the heating essen tially by radiation, the maximum admissible power is between 1.5 and 2 W / cm 2 with a high temperature gradient between the temperature of the accumulation block and that of the resistor, whereas in the case of the present invention this gradient is greatly reduced for a power of 4 W / cm 2 . It follows that the maximum temperature of the resistors 13, 13 ', when the accumulation block 6 is at 650 ° C, is very significantly below 800 ° to 900 ° C, which correspond to the critical temperatures for the duration resistance life.
  • the accumulation block 6 has a height of 1.2 m and a section of 0.4 x 0.5 m, the insulation being 5 cm thick. It has been calculated that, without the transfer elements 11, the restitution of the maximum 15 kWh would require a number of convection channels such that the transfer elements 11 could not be produced in magnesia or in another refractory material which, because 'they are obtained by sintering, can not have a profile as finely cut as a block of cast iron. This amounts to saying that with an accumulation block 6 without the transfer elements 11 made of cast iron, it would be impossible to heat a dwelling whose maximum heat loss is 15 kW and that it would then be necessary to either an accumulation block of a larger volume, i.e. an auxiliary heater to provide this additional power if necessary.
  • the apparatus described therefore offers, by its design, great flexibility of use and makes it possible to supply, if necessary, an extremely high quantity of heat reduced to the accumulation volume, hence an optimization of this volume and a reduction of the necessary investment and immobilized space, offering the possibility of placing this device in the living space itself, its dimensions on the ground can be reduced to that of an electrical household appliance such as a refrigerator, a stove or washing machine, which allows you to equip small dwellings without a basement.
  • the structure of the accumulation block allows it to be used either as an accumulation heater or as a direct heater using the same basic elements, which is also of great interest.
  • the life of the resistors should be unlimited, however, the removable mounting of the transfer elements 11, 11 ′ or of the resistors 13 ′′ allows intervention without requiring the dismantling of the entire accumulation block 6 in when needed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Central Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Thermotherapy And Cooling Therapy Devices (AREA)
  • Hybrid Cells (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Constitution Of High-Frequency Heating (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
EP80810341A 1979-11-09 1980-11-06 Elektrisches Heizgerät mit Speicherung Expired EP0029010B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80810341T ATE5025T1 (de) 1979-11-09 1980-11-06 Elektrisches heizgeraet mit speicherung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1003979A CH632828A5 (fr) 1979-11-09 1979-11-09 Appareil de chauffage electrique a accumulation.
CH10039/79 1979-11-09

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0029010A1 true EP0029010A1 (de) 1981-05-20
EP0029010B1 EP0029010B1 (de) 1983-10-12

Family

ID=4358647

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80810341A Expired EP0029010B1 (de) 1979-11-09 1980-11-06 Elektrisches Heizgerät mit Speicherung

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0029010B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS56501577A (de)
AT (1) ATE5025T1 (de)
CH (1) CH632828A5 (de)
DE (1) DE3065318D1 (de)
DK (1) DK302781A (de)
WO (1) WO1981001457A1 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0071593A2 (de) * 1981-07-31 1983-02-09 ATELIERS DE CONSTRUCTIONS ELECTRIQUES DE CHARLEROI (ACEC) Société Anonyme Speicherheizung in Modulbauweise
GB2413175A (en) * 2004-04-15 2005-10-19 Peter Sinton Electrical storage heater for use in a central heating system
CN104879820A (zh) * 2015-02-17 2015-09-02 大连传森科技有限公司 高压电蓄能供蒸汽系统
CN104879921A (zh) * 2015-02-17 2015-09-02 大连传森科技有限公司 高压电蓄能供导热油系统

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105605957B (zh) * 2016-04-07 2018-05-25 朱建新 固体电蓄热装置
GB2586625B (en) 2019-08-29 2021-08-25 Tepeo Ltd A storage boiler

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB975560A (en) * 1960-07-06 1964-11-18 Heatovent Electric Ltd An improved storage block primarily for use in heating buildings
FR1542246A (fr) * 1967-11-03 1968-10-11 Buderus Eisenwerk Accumulateur thermique à chauffage électrique
DE1914156A1 (de) * 1969-03-20 1970-10-01 Tuerk & Hillinger Kg Heizelement fuer Nachtstromspeicheroefen
DE1778165A1 (de) * 1968-04-03 1972-08-03 Muckenfuss Soehne Malag Elektrischer Waermespeicherofen mit Geblaesedurchlueftung
DE2123493A1 (de) * 1971-05-12 1972-11-23 Ceru-Elektrowärmegesellschaft Czepek & Co, 6055 Hausen Elektrisches Heizelement mit vergrößerter Wärmespeicherung

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB975560A (en) * 1960-07-06 1964-11-18 Heatovent Electric Ltd An improved storage block primarily for use in heating buildings
FR1542246A (fr) * 1967-11-03 1968-10-11 Buderus Eisenwerk Accumulateur thermique à chauffage électrique
DE1778165A1 (de) * 1968-04-03 1972-08-03 Muckenfuss Soehne Malag Elektrischer Waermespeicherofen mit Geblaesedurchlueftung
DE1914156A1 (de) * 1969-03-20 1970-10-01 Tuerk & Hillinger Kg Heizelement fuer Nachtstromspeicheroefen
DE2123493A1 (de) * 1971-05-12 1972-11-23 Ceru-Elektrowärmegesellschaft Czepek & Co, 6055 Hausen Elektrisches Heizelement mit vergrößerter Wärmespeicherung

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0071593A2 (de) * 1981-07-31 1983-02-09 ATELIERS DE CONSTRUCTIONS ELECTRIQUES DE CHARLEROI (ACEC) Société Anonyme Speicherheizung in Modulbauweise
EP0071593A3 (en) * 1981-07-31 1983-10-05 Ateliers De Constructions Electriques De Charleroi (Acec) Societe Anonyme Modular constructions for storage heaters
GB2413175A (en) * 2004-04-15 2005-10-19 Peter Sinton Electrical storage heater for use in a central heating system
CN104879820A (zh) * 2015-02-17 2015-09-02 大连传森科技有限公司 高压电蓄能供蒸汽系统
CN104879921A (zh) * 2015-02-17 2015-09-02 大连传森科技有限公司 高压电蓄能供导热油系统
CN104879820B (zh) * 2015-02-17 2018-01-09 大连传森科技有限公司 高压电蓄能供蒸汽系统
CN104879921B (zh) * 2015-02-17 2018-04-10 大连传森科技有限公司 高压电蓄能供导热油系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0029010B1 (de) 1983-10-12
WO1981001457A1 (en) 1981-05-28
DK302781A (da) 1981-07-08
DE3065318D1 (en) 1983-11-17
CH632828A5 (fr) 1982-10-29
ATE5025T1 (de) 1983-10-15
JPS56501577A (de) 1981-10-29

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