EP0027309A1 - Herstellung biegsamer Behälter - Google Patents

Herstellung biegsamer Behälter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0027309A1
EP0027309A1 EP80302862A EP80302862A EP0027309A1 EP 0027309 A1 EP0027309 A1 EP 0027309A1 EP 80302862 A EP80302862 A EP 80302862A EP 80302862 A EP80302862 A EP 80302862A EP 0027309 A1 EP0027309 A1 EP 0027309A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
yarns
reinforcing
fabric
reinforcing yarns
bag
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP80302862A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Charles Sydney Futerman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Miller Weblift Ltd
Original Assignee
Miller Weblift Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Miller Weblift Ltd filed Critical Miller Weblift Ltd
Publication of EP0027309A1 publication Critical patent/EP0027309A1/de
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D88/00—Large containers
    • B65D88/16—Large containers flexible
    • B65D88/1612—Flexible intermediate bulk containers [FIBC]

Definitions

  • This invention relates to containers for the transport of materials and more particularly to flexible bags for the transportation of particulate material in bulk such as powders, pellets, granules, flakes, etc.
  • IBC Intermediate Bulk Container
  • a common failure is at the point of attachment of the lifting loops to the main area of the fabric of the container. This is doubly undesirable in that, not only does the IBC fail, but the container drops as a whole. It will be appreciated that a container, even a flexible container, containing 1 or 2 tonnes of material falling from a crane or fork lift truck represents a considerable safety hazard to personnel in the area and at the very least could cause considerable damage to property or equipment in the area. This is likely to be far more costly than the loss of the contents of the container as such.
  • a method of making a flexible bag for the transportation of material comprising the steps of weaving a base fabric from body yarns, superimposing in selected areas warp ends of reinforcing yarns during weaving of the base fabric, forming the fabric so-formed into a bag, and attaching lifting means to the bag at selected areas having reinforcing yarns, the tension of the reinforcing yarns during weaving being controllable independently from the tension of the body yarns.
  • the tension of the reinforcing yarns is preferably controlled to be higher than that of the body yarns. This may be achieved in any desired manner, for example by feeding the reinforcing yarns from a separate beam, beamette or creel; although it is possible to feed the reinforcing yarns from the same warp beam as the body yarns and use separate tensioning devices for the reinforcing yarns.
  • a flexible bag for the transportation of material comprising a tubular body of textile material, the, some or each side wall of which has at least one area with additional reinforcing yarns interwoven with the yarns of the body material to provide a reinforced area, lifting means being attached to said reinforced areas.
  • the base fabric may be woven in any suitable weave, e.g. twill, basket, ribbed or plain, but is preferably plain weave.
  • the body yarns may likewise be any suitable textile yarns, natural or synthetic, staple or filament; but for reasons of economy will usually be of the cheapest type capable of forming a satisfactory bag and in practice will virtually always be polyolefin tape yarns, preferably polypropylene tape yarns, produced by slitting films or sheets of polyolefin material.
  • the additional reinforcing yarns may be defined as yarns or threads which are:
  • the additional ends of reinforcing yarn introduced into selected areas of the base fabric during weaving should preferably be stronger yarns than the body yarns, i.e. be of higher count and/or of higher tensile strength and generally will be of a different material than the body yarns.
  • the reinforcing yarns could be polyester, polyamide or the like material.
  • the reinforcing yarns will be continuous filament yarns and are likely to be multifilaments.
  • the tensile strength of the reinforcing yarn should preferably be not less than 6.5g/denier, ideally around 8g/denier, and tyre cord type yarn has been found satisfactory.
  • reinforcing yarns are additional in the sense of being in addition to the body yarns, they need not necessarily be superimposed over body yarns, but may replace some or all of the body yarns in the reinforced area.
  • the reinforcing yarns are introduced into the base fabrics under higher tension.
  • reinforcing yarns under higher tension than the body yarns ensures that, when the fabric is made into an IBC, the reinforcing yarns take up the load through the lifting means before the body yarns becomd fully stressed.
  • the use of reinforcing yarns having lower elongation characteristics is the preferred practice of the invention, to ensure that the bulk of the lifting stress is taken by the reinforcing yarns.
  • the base fabric can be a plain weave and the reinforcing yarns woven in a plain weave also; or the base fabric could be a plain weave with the reinfo* cing yarns woven in a ribbed weave pattern.
  • the latter combination has been found to be exceptionally advantageous, since, it is believed, the rib weave of the reinforcing yarns allows the reinforcing yarns to move somewhat, relative to the base fabric, when the IBC is in use and this assists in procuring that the reinforcing yarns take up the major portion of the lifting stresses.
  • the tension of the reinforcing yarns can be controlled by means known in the weaving art, and should preferably be in the range of from 10% to 50% greater than that of the body yarns when the shed is open, i.e. at the time of maximum tension.
  • the bag can be formed in a variety of ways as discussed more fully hereinafter, and the lifting means, e.g. woven webbing straps, can be attached, preferably by stitching, to one or more selected reinforced areas.
  • the lifting means e.g. woven webbing straps
  • the reinforced areas in. the fabric are conveniently as wide or slightly wider than the proposed lifting strap which is to be attached, and 4 to 6 cm has been found a useful range.
  • polyolefin body yarns are used preferably in counts of from 1000 to 2200 denier in the warp. To give adequate cover, 10 to 25 ends per inch may be used, values in the upper end of the range being used for finer count yarns and vice versa.
  • the weft yarns may usefully be in the count range 1200 to 2200 denier using 10 to 20 picks per inch.
  • the reinforcing yarns can usefully be in the count range 1000 to 2500 denier.
  • the bag can have 80,000 to 200,000 denier of reinforcing yarn across the width of the reinforced area, and so the number of reinforcing yarns needed can be calculated from the yarn count and width of the area selected.
  • the bag is formed by connecting together the ends of a single length of material to form a side seam of the bag but a seamless sleeve or separate lengths of material can be used depending on the required shape of the bag.
  • the bag can be formed by folding a first length of material to provide two side panels and a bottom panel, two separate additional side panels being secured to the first length of the material for instance by stitching, to provide the remaining two side panels of a four sided bag.
  • the reinforced areas of the bag extend without interruption between the top and bottom of the bag, and in some cases across the bottom of the bag.
  • the bags are made from a continuous length of material having a plurality of spaced bands of reinforced areas parallel to the length thereof. Cut lengths of this material are folded about lines parallel to the length and joined to form a bag.
  • the reinforcement lines may extend along the whole of the continuous length of material but be spaced from each other across the width thereof. In another method, however, the lines of reinforcement may extend across the full width of the material and be spaced from each other along the length of the material.
  • the selvedges are usually narrow, e.g. or i inch.
  • the reinforced areas of the invention can immediately adjacent to the selvedge if desired, or a reinforced area of the invention can replace or supplement a conventional selvedge.
  • each side panel thereof is provided with two reinforced areas extending between the top and bottom edges and positioned adjacent the corners of the bag, each corner of the bag having the free ends of a lifting loop attached to the reinforced areas on each side of the bag corner.
  • more than two reinforced areas can be provided in each side panel if desired, although lifting loops may not necessarily be attached to all of these.
  • both free ends of each lifting loop may be attached to a single reinforced area if desired.
  • only some, for instance, two facing sides of a four sided bag, can be provided with the reinforcement areas to which the lifting loops are attached.
  • FIG. 1 an intermediate bulk container having four side panels 10, 11, 12 and 13 and a bottom panel (not shown).
  • Each side panel is provided with a pair of reinforced areas in the form of bands 21 - 28 (the purpose of which will be described in more detail hereafter).
  • the upper edge of the container can be folded over to provide a double thickness of material 51 but this is not essential.
  • Lifting means in the form of loops 15 - 18 of woven webbing are attached, preferably by stitching 60, to the reinforced areas to provide loops extending from the open upper edges of the container, -uhe loops being stitched through the reinforced areas and the folded-over portion 51 or single layer of material. Any suitable attachment sewing technique can be used, but it is preferred to use the box and cross pattern illustrated in the drawings.
  • the container can be made up in a variety of ways either from a single seamless cylinder of woven fabric to which a separate bottom or bottom and top is attached or it can be made up from a single length of material formed into a cylinder, the free ends of said length of material being attached together, preferably by stitching, to provide tubular body with a single side seam. As before, a bottom and/or top can then be attached to the tubular body portion.
  • the container can be made up as shown in Figure 2 with a fitst single length of fabric 71 providing two of the side panels and the bottom panel of a four sided container, the two side panels 72, 73 being separate lengths of material secured to the edges of the first length of fabric (as indicated by the dotted lined 76) to complete the container.
  • a top can be added if required.
  • all the lengths of fabric 71, 72, 73 have reinforced areas 79 but these can be omitted from the side panels 72, 73 depending on the manner of attachment of the loops.
  • Each side panel, the bottom and top of the container can also be formed individually, the various individual pieces being secured together to form the container.
  • each side panel of the container can be provided with only one or with more than two reinforced areas. See for instance the alternative embodiments illustrated in Figure 3.
  • the reinforced areas extend without interruption between the top and bottom of the container. This is the preferred arrangement as it more effectively transfers the load during lifting over the whole length of each side wall.
  • the lifting loops 15 - 18 are preferably open-ended loops as illustrated, the free ends of each loop being attached to a different reinforcement area 40. However, both free ends could be attached to the same reinforced area if desired as shown in Figure 3.
  • the bottom of the container can be either a separate length of fabric (with or without reinforced areas) which is secured to the side panels of the container, or the bottom portion of side panels at the corners of the container may be axially cut to provide separate flaps which may be folded inwardly and secured together.
  • an outlet spout (not shown) can be provided in the base of the container which can be closed by any suitable means such as tie strings.
  • the bottom of the container can be formed into a conical configuration by providing a tapered flap at the bottom of each side panel and stitching together adjacent flaps to form a conical base with an outlet opening therein which can be closed with tie strings.
  • an additional covering flap can be stitched to two or more of the bottom edges of the side panels to provide extra security for the bottom of the container, this flap being cut open when the container has to be emptied thereby exposing the folded conical base which is allowed to unfold out of the container body under the weight of the material therein.
  • the tie strings around the outlet in the conical base can then be released to open the outlet and permit the contents of the container to be emptied therefrom.
  • the top of the container can be left open or it can be closed by a separate panel provided with a filling opening or spout.
  • One form of top closure is shown in Figures 8 - 10.
  • the containers shown in Figures 8 and 9 each consist of a generally tubular body portion 80 provided with reinforced areas 82.
  • the container is closed at its lower end by a suitable closure 81 and has a side seam 86.
  • the container can have a generally cylindrical or oval cross-section, as in Figures 8 or 10, or it can be rectangular or square, as shown in Figure 9.
  • the top portion 80a of the body portion is turned inwardly and handles or handling loops 90 are then sewn, as at 83, to the doubled edge of the folded-in body portion but it is arranged that the handle stitching does not extend below the level indicated by the broken line 84.
  • the handles have been secured in this way it is possible to pull up the lower edge of the turned-in portion 80a of the body portion and, when desired, the container can be filled with the material to be transported, up to approximately the level indicated by line 84.
  • the edge 80b of the turned-in portion of the body portion can then be secured together, somewhat in the manner indicated in Figure 10.
  • the turned-in portion of the container near edge 80b can be provided with a hem or loops to receive a draw-string 85. In this way, the container is made with the integral closure, simplifying manufacture.
  • the regions of greatest stress and therefore the regions at which failure is most likely to occur are the regions of attachment of the lifting loops to the container body owing to the stresses arising from the transfer of load from one part of the stitched construction to another.
  • the container body is provided with the reinforced areas 21 - 28, 40 and 82 to which the lifting loops are attachedo
  • Figure 4 shows diagrammatically a continuous length of woven fabric along the length of which reinforced areas (shown in the figure as lines) 21 - 28 are interwoven, there being eight such areas spaced across the width of the fabric.
  • the width X of the fabric is woven so as to correspond to substantially the perimeter size of the container, i.e. the sum total of the width of the 4 sides.
  • Lengths Y of fabric are cut from the continuous length the length Y being equal to or greater than the height of the container depending on whether or not the bottom portion of the container body is to be formed by inwardly folding the sides, and whether or not the top edge is to be folded over.
  • the cut length of fabric is then made up into a tubular container by shaping it about an axis parallel to the lines of reinforcement i.e. in the direction of arrow A.
  • the reinforcing yarns 37 axe interwoven with the weft threads thereof
  • the reinforcing threads 37 are interwoven with the warp threads of the fabric to provide a series of spaced reinforced areas extending across the width of the fabric but spaced from each other along the length thereof.
  • the fabric of Figure 5 is woven so that its width Y corresponds substantially to the height of the container depending on whether or not the bottom portion is to be inwardly folded to provide the container bottom or whether the top edge is to be folded over.
  • Lengths of material X are then cut from the continuous length of fabric, the length X corresponding substantially to the perimeter size of the finished container. The cut length is then made up into the container by shaping it about an axis parallel to the lines of reinforcement in the direction of arrow B.
  • the additional yarns or threads 37 can be interwoven with the threads of the fabric in any suitable pattern.
  • the base fabric itself is usually woven as a plain weave but other weaves such as twill, basket or ribbed can be used.
  • Figure 6 shows how the reinforcing threads of polyamide or polyester multifilament 37 can be interwoven as a plain weave with a base fabric of polypropylene tapes 35, 36 which is also plain woven.
  • Figure 7 shows the reinforcing threads 37 interwoven as a ribbed weave with a plain woven base fabric.
  • the polypropylene warp ends 36 are taken from a normal warp beam 100 in the conventional way through the heald shafts represented at 102 and finally out as a woven fabric on to a take-up roller 104.
  • the ends of reinforcing yarn 37 are taken from two beamettes 106 and superimposed over the polypropylene ends 36 in the selected areas (as shown in Figures 6 and 7) to appear in the fabric as reinforced areas 21, 22, 40, 79, 82.
  • the ten sion of the ends 37 is maintained by a negative tensioning device 108 comprising a band brake 109 carrying a weight t of 20 - 30 lbs.
  • the beam 100 carried 18 ends per inch of 1000 denier polypropylene tape 36, and the two beamettes 106 each carried 312 ends of 1680 denier nylon multifilament.
  • Each beamette provided four bands of 78 ends of reinforcing yarns giving eight reinforced areas over the total width of the fabric. Each area was 4.5 cm in width, and the reinforced areas were spaced alternately 37 and 52 cm apart over total fabric width of 361 cm.
  • the tension during open shed on each of the body yarns 36 was 750 gm force, and that on the reinforcing yarns 37 was 1000 gm force.
  • the reinforcing threads 37 are regularly interwoven with the body threads 35, 36 so that they are evenly spaced apart across the width of the reinforced areas.
  • the reinforcing threads can be interwoven so that they are closest together in the middle of the strip and become less close towards the edges thereof.
  • the warp and weft threads of the container base fabric and the reinforcing threads can each be of any suitable natural fibre or yarn of a semi-synthetic or synthetic polymer such as polyester, polyamide, polyolefin or polyacrylic.
  • the fabric may or may not be coated or impregnated after weaving to provide improved insulation, for instance waterproofing.
  • the lifting loops can be of any suitable material but preferably a woven webbing of a high tensile synthetic textile material e.g. polyester, polyamide or rayon, is used.
  • the completed container can, if desired, incorporate a tubular liner or a liner specifically shaped to fit the contours of the container.
  • the reinforced areas of the invention act by more than simply strengthening the body fabric.
  • the principal occasion of failure of an IBC is at the point where the lifting loop is attached to the body.
  • the stitching used to attach the lifting loops grips the preferred multifilament reinforcing yarns much better than the polyolefin body yarns and so transfers the load more effectively to the reinforcement yarns and has less tendency to slip.
  • failure of an IBC of the invention it will rarely be at the region of attachment of the lifting loop.
  • Merely 'cramming' i.e.
  • the warp threads to produce a reinforcement will not achieve the desired strengthening and safety effect since the grip of the stitched on lifting loops is not increased, nor are there independently tensioned bands of reinforcing yarns to take the bulk of the stress, The following examples illustrate this better.
  • a base fabric was woven comprising 18 ends per inch of 1000 denier polypropylene tape, tenacity 6.15 g/denier, and 13 picks per inch 2000 denier polypropylene.
  • Eight 50 mm wide reinforced areas were produced by superimposing, in each area, 85 ends of 1670 decitex polyester filament as described above in relation to figures 11 to 13. Lengths of this fabric were made into an IBC by folding parallel to the warp and joining at a single side seam to make the body, and sewing on a separate bottom panel.
  • Four webbing straps of 50 mm nylon seat belt webbing (breaking strain 2500 kilos) were attached across each corner to the eight areas using three box and cross sewing patterns, the upper and lower patterns having been sewn twice to give double the stitches.
  • the side seam and base were sewn using nylon thread in a lockstitch pattern. The dimensions were: base 89 cm square, height 120 cm.
  • IBC's are normally designed to handle unit loads between 500 kg and 3000 kg, but the most common requirements for flexible IBC's from woven fabric are between 1 and 2 tonnes capacity.
  • the recognised safety factors for IBC's are 5 to 1 for single trip operation, and 6 to 1 for reusable applications. Consequently, for 1 tonne safe working load, the minimum break on a destruction test must be not less than 5000 kg and for 2 tonne capacity 10000 kg.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Bag Frames (AREA)
  • Making Paper Articles (AREA)
EP80302862A 1979-10-06 1980-08-19 Herstellung biegsamer Behälter Ceased EP0027309A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB7934737 1979-10-06
GB7934737A GB2059915B (en) 1979-10-06 1979-10-06 Flexible containers

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0027309A1 true EP0027309A1 (de) 1981-04-22

Family

ID=10508332

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80302862A Ceased EP0027309A1 (de) 1979-10-06 1980-08-19 Herstellung biegsamer Behälter

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0027309A1 (de)
JP (1) JPS5664854A (de)
AU (1) AU530794B2 (de)
GB (1) GB2059915B (de)
NZ (1) NZ192637A (de)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2522310A1 (fr) * 1982-02-26 1983-09-02 Est Papeterie Sac de grande contenance du type conteneur souple pour le conditionnement et le transport de produits pulverulents ou granules
EP0171944A2 (de) * 1984-08-14 1986-02-19 Bowater Packaging Limited Behälter für Schüttgut
WO1991008966A1 (en) * 1989-12-20 1991-06-27 Bowater Packaging Limited Improvements relating to bulk containers
WO1994019259A1 (en) * 1993-02-24 1994-09-01 Some Guys Limited Flexible containers
FR2943996A1 (fr) * 2009-04-02 2010-10-08 Sendin Sac de manutention pour fers crosses
CN113500719A (zh) * 2021-07-29 2021-10-15 李锋 一种编织袋及其制备工艺
CN115287804A (zh) * 2022-08-16 2022-11-04 青岛泽昊新材料技术研发有限公司 一种高强度的包装布及其制造方法

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2116143B (en) * 1982-03-01 1986-05-21 Frank Nattrass Flexible bulk container
US4448556A (en) * 1982-04-21 1984-05-15 Chroma Cartridge for matrix printer
US4703517A (en) * 1986-05-22 1987-10-27 Marino Technologies, Inc. Cargo bag with integral lifting loops
GB8811348D0 (en) * 1988-05-13 1988-06-15 Mulox Ibc Ltd Container bag
GB8824693D0 (en) * 1988-10-21 1988-11-30 Bulkbag Ltd Flexible intermediate bulk containers
JPH0479027U (de) * 1990-11-21 1992-07-09
JP2511374B2 (ja) * 1993-06-30 1996-06-26 森下化学工業株式会社 フレキシブルコンテナ
DE19928978B4 (de) * 1999-06-24 2016-02-04 Volkswagen Ag Werkzeugablage
CA2830762A1 (en) * 2011-03-22 2012-09-27 Barrday Inc. Multilayer fabric platform designed for flame and thermal protection
JP6504553B2 (ja) * 2014-09-18 2019-04-24 松本　紘一 分轄収納型バッグ

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1051804A (de) *
DE1535634A1 (de) * 1965-12-21 1970-05-14 Sanders & Soehne J B Schwergewebe mit Gewebeverstaerkung
FR2376800A1 (fr) * 1977-01-10 1978-08-04 Miller Weblift Ltd Recipient souple pour poudres, granules et analogues

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS514775A (ja) * 1974-06-26 1976-01-16 Yoshimasa Takeda Ritsutaichushasochi

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1051804A (de) *
DE1535634A1 (de) * 1965-12-21 1970-05-14 Sanders & Soehne J B Schwergewebe mit Gewebeverstaerkung
FR2376800A1 (fr) * 1977-01-10 1978-08-04 Miller Weblift Ltd Recipient souple pour poudres, granules et analogues

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2522310A1 (fr) * 1982-02-26 1983-09-02 Est Papeterie Sac de grande contenance du type conteneur souple pour le conditionnement et le transport de produits pulverulents ou granules
EP0171944A2 (de) * 1984-08-14 1986-02-19 Bowater Packaging Limited Behälter für Schüttgut
EP0171944A3 (en) * 1984-08-14 1987-03-25 Nattrass-Hickey And Sons Limited Improvements relating to bulk containers
WO1991008966A1 (en) * 1989-12-20 1991-06-27 Bowater Packaging Limited Improvements relating to bulk containers
WO1994019259A1 (en) * 1993-02-24 1994-09-01 Some Guys Limited Flexible containers
FR2943996A1 (fr) * 2009-04-02 2010-10-08 Sendin Sac de manutention pour fers crosses
WO2010112744A3 (fr) * 2009-04-02 2011-01-06 Comsider Sac de manutention
CN113500719A (zh) * 2021-07-29 2021-10-15 李锋 一种编织袋及其制备工艺
CN115287804A (zh) * 2022-08-16 2022-11-04 青岛泽昊新材料技术研发有限公司 一种高强度的包装布及其制造方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2059915B (en) 1983-04-07
GB2059915A (en) 1981-04-29
NZ192637A (en) 1981-02-11
AU530794B2 (en) 1983-07-28
AU5609380A (en) 1981-04-09
JPS5664854A (en) 1981-06-02

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Inventor name: FUTERMAN, CHARLES SYDNEY