EP0026150B1 - Feste und auch flüssige Brennstoffe verwendendes Heizgerät - Google Patents

Feste und auch flüssige Brennstoffe verwendendes Heizgerät Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0026150B1
EP0026150B1 EP80430017A EP80430017A EP0026150B1 EP 0026150 B1 EP0026150 B1 EP 0026150B1 EP 80430017 A EP80430017 A EP 80430017A EP 80430017 A EP80430017 A EP 80430017A EP 0026150 B1 EP0026150 B1 EP 0026150B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grids
heating apparatus
economiser
sheath
base
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80430017A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0026150A1 (de
Inventor
Humbert Marin Olmotti
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT80430017T priority Critical patent/ATE8706T1/de
Publication of EP0026150A1 publication Critical patent/EP0026150A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0026150B1 publication Critical patent/EP0026150B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B1/00—Stoves or ranges
    • F24B1/02—Closed stoves
    • F24B1/08—Closed stoves with fuel storage in a single undivided hopper within stove or range
    • F24B1/14—Closed stoves with fuel storage in a single undivided hopper within stove or range with predistillation in the hopper
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B90/00—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus
    • F23B90/04—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus including secondary combustion
    • F23B90/06—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus including secondary combustion the primary combustion being a gasification or pyrolysis in a reductive atmosphere
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B1/00—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel
    • F23B1/16—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel the combustion apparatus being modified according to the form of grate or other fuel support
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B1/00—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel
    • F23B1/30—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel characterised by the form of combustion chamber
    • F23B1/38—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel characterised by the form of combustion chamber for combustion of peat, sawdust, or pulverulent fuel on a grate or other fuel support
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F24H9/1809—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for water heaters
    • F24H9/1832—Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners

Definitions

  • the present invention overcomes the aforementioned shortcomings.
  • the heating device according to the invention is particularly remarkable in that a liquid fuel inlet opens into the upper part of the vertical sheath or economiser whose base rests on the upper grid of a set of superimposed grids, said upper grate having a diameter greater than that of the base of said economizer, so that the combustion of the gaseous and volatile components of solid and / or liquid fuels escaping from said orifices takes place in an annular chamber reserved around said sheath and of which the base consists of the projecting portion in the form of a crown of the upper grid of said set of superimposed grids.
  • the invention it is possible to store, permanently, below the upper grid on which the combustion of solid fuels takes place and also below the annular chamber in which the combustion of the components takes place. gaseous and volatile solid and / or liquid fuels escaping from the economizer, an incandescent layer which maintains and promotes this combustion. This makes it possible to burn all or almost all of the solid, liquid, gaseous or volatile components of the fuels, and therefore offers the possibility of achieving appreciable energy savings taking into account the fact that all the calorific potential of said fuels is used. For the same reason, the calorific value of the device according to the invention is very high, while this device is non-polluting.
  • Said apparatus comprises a body or casing 1 having a circular or other cross section and executed in sheet steel, cast iron or any suitable refractory material.
  • This envelope delimits the hearth 2 of the heating device which can be a stove emitting heat by radiation or, as shown in Figure 1, a boiler.
  • one or two 3-3 'exchangers are installed around the fireplace.
  • the upper exchanger 3 is, for example, assigned to the production of hot water intended for domestic uses, while the lower exchanger 3 'is connected to the distribution network of a central heating installation.
  • an orifice 4 capable of being connected, in any known manner, to a smoke duct, is provided at the upper part of the side wall of the body 1, while a space 5 is reserved in the lower part of said body, for receiving ashes.
  • the heater is provided with an air intake device (not shown) executed in a manner known per se.
  • a support ring 6 is positioned, resting, for example, on radial gussets 7 rigidly secured to the internal face of the body.
  • This support ring supports a set of superimposed grids, comprising a plurality of grids 8-8a-8b-8c-8d-8e, ..., mounted in superposition and spaced from one another.
  • These grids can be formed by spaced bars ( Figure 2) or by perforated plates ( Figure 3).
  • the openings of these grids have decreasing dimensions from top to bottom.
  • the spacing between the bars forming each of said grids decreases, from the upper grid 8 whose bars are most widely spaced, to the lower grid 8e whose bars are the least.
  • the grids consisting of bars are arranged so that the bars of which each is made up, have a different orientation with respect to the bars forming the other grids.
  • the upper grid 8 is provided with the largest perforations, while the dimensions of the perforations of the underlying grids gradually decrease, up to the lower grid 8e which has the smallest perforations.
  • the grids 8-8a-8b-8c-8d-8e, ..., are carried by a cylinder 9 resting, by its base, on the support crown 6.
  • each grid is integral with an independent cylindrical belt 9a, so that the stacking of the different grids and their belts makes it possible to reconstitute a cylinder comparable to the cylinder 9 of figure 1.
  • the grids thus produced are provided with means making it possible to center and wedge them one above the other.
  • These means are, for example, constituted by lugs 9c distributed over the periphery of the cylindrical belt of said grids and realizing the centering and the setting of the superimposed or underlying grid, according to the adopted arrangement of said lugs.
  • an economizer comprising a vertical sheath 10, for example made of refractory steel and preferably having a cylindrical shape.
  • This sheath is removable and, according to the advantageous embodiment illustrated, it rests, by its base, on top of the upper grid 8 which is advantageously provided with means for centering said sheath.
  • These means are, for example, constituted by a centering wall 11 of cylindrical shape, or other shape complementary to the profile of the sheath, welded to said grid, and in which the lower end of the sheath 10 is fitted.
  • the latter In its lower part, the latter has a plurality of exhaust orifices 12 distributed over its periphery.
  • the sheath is provided with at least two stages of exhaust orifices staggered.
  • Each exhaust port 12 is provided with an external deflector 13 oriented from top to bottom.
  • These deflectors are, for example, obtained by cutting strips in the cylindrical wall of the sheath and folding these cut strips towards the outside.
  • the top of the sheath 10 is equipped with a removable sealed closure means.
  • This means is advantageously formed by a circular loading pad 14 constituting one of the two homocentric elements for closing the upper part of the heating appliance.
  • the second of these elements is constituted by a removable cover 15 having the shape of a circular crown and the central edge of which is provided with two coaxial annular lips 15'-15 "delimiting a circular groove in which the upper edge of the sheath, when said cover is in place, so as to make a leaktight baffle junction.
  • the loading pad 14 comprises, on its underside and at a short distance from its periphery, a centering ring 14 'fitted into the outer lip 15 "of the cover, when said pad is in place.
  • the diameter of the base of the economizer 10-14 is less than that of the upper grid 8 of the set of grids on which said base rests.
  • the tank 3 'constituting the lower exchanger has a cylindrical shape and is arranged around the set of grids, while the tank 3 forming the upper exchanger also has a cylindrical shape and is placed around of the sheath 10, an annular space e being formed between the internal surface of said exchanger 3 and the external surface of said sheath.
  • the charred elements of the incandescent lower layer of the load fall successively on the underlying grids where their combustion continues until they are reduced to the state of ash, the fuel reserve gradually descending on the upper grid as and when said charred elements are consumed.
  • the set of superimposed grids constitutes the hearth where the complete combustion of solid fuels takes place, while the annular space e forms a combustion chamber for gaseous or volatile components.
  • This combustion cycle is renewed each time the sheath 10 is refilled.
  • this heater can be very easily arranged to be able to operate both with solid fuels and with liquid fuels.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Claims (8)

1. Feste und auch flüssige Brennstoffe verwendendes Heizgerät mit einem Körper oder Mantel (1), in dessen oberem Teil ein mittig angeordneter Hohlraum vorhanden ist, der einen Ekonomiser (10) aufnimmt, welcher aus einer senkrechten, vorzugsweise zylindrischen Hülse besteht, an deren oberem Teil ein dichter Verschluss (14) vorgesehen ist, wobei der untere Teil des Ekonomisers mehrere Auslassöffnungen (12) aufweist, die am Umfang verteilt sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Einlass (16) für flüssigen Brennstoff in den oberen Teil des so angeordneten Ekonomisers einmündet, dessen Basis sich am oberen (8) Gitterrost einer Mehrzahl von Gitterrosten (8, 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d und 8e) abstützt, wobei der Durchmesser des oberen Gitterrostes (8) den Durchmesser der Basis des Ekonomiser (10) übersteigt, so dass die Verbrennung der aus den genannten Öffnungen (12) ausweichenden gasförmigen flüchtigen Bestandteile der festen und/oder flüssigen Brennstoffe in einer besonderen ringförmigen, um die Hülse (10) herum angeordneten Kammer (e) stattfindet, deren Basis von dem überstehenden Randteil (8') des oberen Gitterrostes (8) der übereinander angeordneten Gitterroste ausgebildet ist.
2. Heizgerät nach Anspruch 1, in Form eines Heizkessels mit einem Austauscher, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der genannte Austauscher ein zylindrisches Speichergefäss (3) aufweist, das um die senkrechte Hülse des Ekonomisers (10) angeordnet ist, wobei sich der Ringraum (e), innerhalb dessen die Verbrennung der gasförmigen Brennstoffe stattfindet, zwischen der genannten Hülse und dem genannten Speichergefäss befindet.
3. Heizgerät nach Anspruch 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in ihrem unteren Teil die Hülse (10) mindestens zwei in Etagen angeordnete Auslass- öffnungsreihen (12) aufweist.
4. Heizgerät nach Anspruch 3 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Auslassöffnungen (12) in abwechselnd auf Lücke versetzten Reihen angeordnet sind.
5. Heizgerät nach einem der Ansprüche 1, 3 und 4 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die genannten Auslassöffnungen (12) mit äusseren, sich von oben nach unten erstreckenden Leitgliedern (13) versehen sind, die jeweils als ein am oberen Rand der genannten Öffnung angebrachtes Leitblech ausgebildet sind.
6. Heizgerät nach Anspruch 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die in den übereinander angeordneten Gitterrosten vorhandenen Öffnungen von dem oberen Gitterrost (8) zum unteren Gitterrost (8e) in ihrer Grösse kleiner werden.
7. Heizgerät nach Anspruch 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der obere Gitterrost (8) der Gitterrostanordnung mit Zentrierungsmitteln (11) der Basis des Ekonomisers (10) fest verbunden ist, wobei die genannten Zentrierungsmittel (11) in Form einer Wand ausgebildet sind, deren Profil der Wand der Basis des Ekonomisers (10) komplementär entspricht, und wobei die zuletzt genannte Wand in die zuerst genannte eingepasst ist, so dass eine Wandverlängerung entsteht.
8. Heizgerät nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 6 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die aus den übereinander angeordneten Gitterrosten bestehende Anordnung als mehrere von einander unabhängigen, aufeinander stapelbaren Gitterroste ausgebildet ist, die jeweils mit einem zylindrischen getrennten Ring (9a) fest verbunden sind, der Mittel zum Zentrieren und zum Festkeilen (9c) aufweist, so dass man die Gitterroste korrekt aufstapeln und dabei zu einem Zylinder zusammensetzen kann.
EP80430017A 1979-09-20 1980-09-19 Feste und auch flüssige Brennstoffe verwendendes Heizgerät Expired EP0026150B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80430017T ATE8706T1 (de) 1979-09-20 1980-09-19 Feste und auch fluessige brennstoffe verwendendes heizgeraet.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7923878A FR2465951A1 (fr) 1979-09-20 1979-09-20 Appareil de chauffage a combustibles solides
FR7923878 1979-09-20

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0026150A1 EP0026150A1 (de) 1981-04-01
EP0026150B1 true EP0026150B1 (de) 1984-07-25

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ID=9230005

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80430017A Expired EP0026150B1 (de) 1979-09-20 1980-09-19 Feste und auch flüssige Brennstoffe verwendendes Heizgerät

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EP (1) EP0026150B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE8706T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3068693D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2465951A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2603686B1 (fr) * 1986-09-05 1992-10-30 Olmotti Humbert Marin Appareil de chauffage universel
RU2465520C2 (ru) * 2009-07-01 2012-10-27 Малая технологическая компания с ограниченной ответственностью "Политех" Топочная камера высокотемпературного горения для бытовых печей и кухонных плит
ES2530318B1 (es) * 2015-01-29 2015-10-21 Pedro José PANADERO GÓMEZ Estufa polivalente

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE374576C (de) * 1923-04-26 Elie Joseph Vermeyen Von einem Kessel ummantelte Dauerbrandfuellfeuerung mit Ableitung der Schwelgase unter den Rost

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE540275C (de) * 1931-12-19 Vosswerke Akt Ges Dauerbrandofen
DE347539C (de) * 1922-01-21 Frank Sche Eisenwerke G M B H Ofenrost fuer gas- und aschenreiche Brennstoffe
US2096467A (en) * 1937-10-19 Heater
FR808783A (fr) * 1935-11-05 1937-02-15 Foyer générateur avec dispositif gazéificateur et brûleur
FR882190A (fr) * 1941-04-15 1943-05-20 Poêle gazogène
US2528447A (en) * 1947-08-01 1950-10-31 Russel T Miles Reversible trash incinerator
DE817196C (de) * 1949-03-30 1951-10-15 Wagner Geb Stahlheizkessel zur Erzeugung von Warmwasser oder Nieder-druckdampf, insbesondere fuer Zentralheizungsanlagen
FR1343025A (fr) * 1962-10-13 1963-11-15 Mij Tot Exploitatie Van Limbur Perfectionnements relatifs à la construction de poêles, fours, chaudières de chauffage central ou appareils analogues
FR1399739A (fr) * 1964-04-10 1965-05-21 Brevets Greffe Soc D Grille pour appareil de chauffage
CH445704A (de) * 1966-05-10 1967-10-31 Braendli Jakob Anlage zur Verbrennung von Abfällen, insbesondere Müll
DE2514589A1 (de) * 1974-04-05 1975-10-23 Friedrich Ing Schallert Rauchlose verbrennungsanlage
FR2441130A1 (fr) * 1978-11-13 1980-06-06 Olmotti Humbert Marin Procede et appareil de chauffage a combustible solide ou liquide

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE374576C (de) * 1923-04-26 Elie Joseph Vermeyen Von einem Kessel ummantelte Dauerbrandfuellfeuerung mit Ableitung der Schwelgase unter den Rost

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE8706T1 (de) 1984-08-15
DE3068693D1 (en) 1984-08-30
FR2465951B1 (de) 1982-03-19
EP0026150A1 (de) 1981-04-01
FR2465951A1 (fr) 1981-03-27

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