EP0024997B1 - Automatic feeding device for primer cartridges of a gun - Google Patents

Automatic feeding device for primer cartridges of a gun Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0024997B1
EP0024997B1 EP80401233A EP80401233A EP0024997B1 EP 0024997 B1 EP0024997 B1 EP 0024997B1 EP 80401233 A EP80401233 A EP 80401233A EP 80401233 A EP80401233 A EP 80401233A EP 0024997 B1 EP0024997 B1 EP 0024997B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
firing
tube
axis
breech
tube holder
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Expired
Application number
EP80401233A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0024997A1 (en
Inventor
Robert Dautry
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Giat Industries SA
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Direction General pour lArmement DGA
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Priority to AT80401233T priority Critical patent/ATE2459T1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A19/00—Firing or trigger mechanisms; Cocking mechanisms
    • F41A19/57—Firing mechanisms operating with primer cartridge

Definitions

  • the present invention finds its application in the field of artillery guns and relates to an automatic device for supplying chokes to initiate a propellant charge contained in an ammunition without cartridge case, with combustible cartridge case or in the form of gargoyles.
  • FR-A-1 268 250 describes a weapon comprising a magazine for tugs mounted interchangeably in the breech corner and produced so as to avoid manual loading thereof. A trolley is in contact with this store to ensure the ignition of ammunition.
  • This device had to meet certain requirements in order to allow an advantageous saving of time during firing maneuvers, such as for example the automaticity and the simplicity of changing the packing magazine.
  • the device also had to be very reliable since it is subjected to significant accelerations during the recoil phase of the gun.
  • the breech of the barrel is the seat of high mechanical stresses; for this the supply device for tows had to be placed in such a way that the cylinder head is not weakened, a disadvantage which could have been remedied by strengthening it, hence consequently a harmful increase in its mass.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an automatic supply device for dowels meeting the various aforementioned conditions while being simple and of relatively low cost price.
  • the axis of the stuffing box is inclined at substantially 45 ° relative to the axis of the barrel tube, the stuffing box being arranged at one end of the breech of the barrel.
  • the device comprises a first set of slides made in the breech of the barrel and in the breech of the striker holder and arranged orthogonally with respect to the axis of the gland holder and a second set of slides made in the cylinder head sleeve and in the striker holder cylinder head and arranged parallel to the axis of the gland holder, the first set of slides cooperating with the second to allow the movement of the striker holder cylinder head during the change of pin operation.
  • the second set of Slides decouples when the striker holder cylinder head is sufficiently clear to allow passage of the stuffing box, the movement of the striker holder cylinder head being limited by a fixed stop relative to the cylinder head corner.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown the axis XX 'of the barrel tube, as well as the breech wedge 1 and part of the breech sleeve (2) in which the wedge slides on the surfaces 3a and 3b visible in the figure .
  • a hole 4 of axis YY 'called the ignition conduit is made in the breech corner 1. This conduit opens at one end towards the firing chamber of the barrel 5 and at the other end towards the packing chamber 6.
  • the device according to the invention comprises a ring holder 7 of circular shape, as shown in detail in FIG. 4, which holds n rings 8.
  • the number of pins, in this particular embodiment has been chosen equal to 12 for space requirements. It is understood that this number can be increased or reduced given the space available to accommodate the device in the cylinder head.
  • the chokes 8 are mounted on the choke holder so that their axes are parallel with the axis YY 'of the ignition pipe 4, one choke being in the choke chamber 6 while the others are placed in housings 9 provided in the breech corner. When changing the nipple, the nipple holder must be able to rotate so as to bring an unconsumed nipple into the nipple chamber.
  • the stuffing box must rotate stepwise by axis ZZ 'parallel to the ignition pipe.
  • This step-by-step rotation takes place during the translation of the gland holder along the axis ZZ ', which is carried out by means of a pinion 10 pair of axis 10a - rack 11.
  • the rotation takes place when the pins are out of the housings 9 and of the chamber 6.
  • the rack can slide along the axis ZZ ', is integral with the stuffing box 7 and is actuated by the pinion 10 integral with the lever 12 controlled during the opening of the barrel breech.
  • the rack 11 is a circular rack to allow the simultaneous movement of rotation and translation of the stuffing box.
  • the rotation movement of the stuffing box is effected by means of grooves 13a and 13b formed on the shaft 14 (shown in FIGS. 5 and 6), which cooperate with grooves 15 of a grooved ring 16 (shown in FIGS. 7 and 8).
  • the splined shaft has, according to its generatrices two sets 13a and 13b of male splines, the two sets being separated by a distance D and being offset by ⁇ .
  • the number of splines n of the two sets must be equal to the number of pins placed on the gland holder.
  • These grooves are provided with chamfers 17 a and 17 b of angle ⁇ relative to the generatices of the shaft and forming between them an angle of ( ⁇ -2 ⁇ ).
  • the grooved ring has n female grooves 18 (shown in Figure 8) which can slide along the male grooves 13 a or 13b of the shaft 14.
  • the height of this ring is slightly greater than the distance D so that l the shaft is still engaged on the ring.
  • the ends of the male grooves 15 formed between the female grooves of the ring are provided with chamfers 19 of the same angle ⁇ as those formed on the shaft and forming between them an angle of ( ⁇ -2 ⁇ ).
  • the grooved ring 16 is made integral with the breech wedge by means of a nut 20 and a tongue 21 housed in a groove 23 in the breech wedge.
  • the gland holder as shown in Figure 4, is composed of two disc-shaped parts 24 and 25, secured by a nut 26 and a positioning finger 27.
  • the rear bottoms 28 of the pins are trapped between your two parts 24 and 25.
  • the assembly thus formed is secured to the splined shaft 14 by means of a tenon 29, for example of hexagonal shape, and by a pin 30.
  • a variant consists in embedding the bottoms of the studs in a block, for example made of plastic, which has the role of replacing the parts 24 and 25 as well as the nut 26 and the finger 27. In both cases, the packing holder assembly constitutes an easily removable means allowing the quick change of the stuffing box.
  • the disc-shaped part 24 also has holes 31, aligned with the axes of the nipples and allowing the passage of the striker 32 which is housed in the striker holder cylinder head 33 and which is supported on the surface 35 of the nipple holder when the breech corner is closed.
  • the striker 32 is kept retracted by means of a spring 36 held by a nut 37 and is actuated at the appropriate time by an auxiliary device, not shown because it is easily imaginable by those skilled in the art.
  • the striker carrier cylinder head 33 is held on the cylinder head corner by a set of slides 38 and is subjected to the action of spring 39 limited by the stop 40 fixed on the cylinder head corner.
  • a second set of runners 41 a and 41 b disposed respectively on the striker holder cylinder head and on the breech sleeve, allows the striker holder cylinder head to disengage the gland holder so as to allow it to move back.
  • the slides 41a and 41b are uncoupled, and the striker carrier cylinder head is held against the stop 40 (see FIG. 2).
  • the operation of the device according to the invention is described below.
  • the breech wedge is closed (see FIG. 1), the striker 32 is actuated and ignites the choke 8 which, via the channel 4, initiates the ammunition placed in the chamber 5 of the barrel.
  • the shot fired we open the breech corner (see Figure 2); the striker holder cylinder head is driven by its slides 41 a and releases the stuffing box.
  • the lever 12 is automatically actuated and drives the pinion 10 as well as the circular rack 11 and the shaft 14 which moves in the grooved ring 16.
  • the chamfers 17b and 19 come into contact (see Figure 10) and rotate the shaft 14 of Then, the new ammunition is placed in the barrel chamber and the breech wedge is closed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
  • Feeding And Guiding Record Carriers (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Transplanting Machines (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
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Abstract

1. An automatic firing-tube feed device, for artillery gun, incorporating a tube, a breech wedge (1), a breech ring, mounted on the breech, for the purpose of igniting a propelling charge contained in a caseless, flammable case or cartridge bag type ammunition, said feed device incorporating : - one firing-tube holder assembly (7), moveable in a step-by-step rotation around an axis (Z-Z'), on which n firing-tubes (8) are held in an arrangement parallel to said axis and spaced at regular intervals around a circle centered on said axis, - one control means of the firing-tube holder (7) in step-by-step rotation (10, 11, 12) (2 pi/n pitch) and in translation, respectively, around and along the axis, permitting the firing-tube replacement after each round of ammunition has been fired, - one breech-hammer holder assembly (33), retractable in relation to the firing-tube holder (7) at the time of the firing-tube replacement operation, and traveling in a plane perpendicular to the firing-tube holder axis in order to clear the latter at the time of the firing-tube replacement operation, characterized by the fact that the firing-tube holder control means incorporates : - one grooved shaft-grooved bore assembly (14, 16), the grooved shaft (14) with its axis common with the firing-tube holder (7) axis (Z-Z'), interlocking with the latter and sliding in the grooved bore, the shaft and bore groove ends (13, 15) being provided with chamfers (17), said shaft's chamfers and grooves working together with the bore ones, in order to permit the firing-tube holder step-by-step rotation, - one circular gear-rack pair (10, 11) to permit the translation motion along the firing-tube holder axis, the rack (11) interlocking with the firing-tube holder, and having the same axis as the latter, the gear (10) being actuated when the gun breech (1) is operated.

Description

La présente invention trouve son application dans le domaine des canons d'artillerie et concerne un dispositif automatique d'alimentation en étoupilles pour initier une charge propulsive contenue dans une munition sans douille, à douille combustible ou sous forme de gargousses.The present invention finds its application in the field of artillery guns and relates to an automatic device for supplying chokes to initiate a propellant charge contained in an ammunition without cartridge case, with combustible cartridge case or in the form of gargoyles.

Il est connu pour les munitions à douille métallique de les équiper d'un système d'allumage incorporé, disposé à l'arrière de la douille et pouvant fonctionner par exemple par percussion ou par l'apport d'énergie électrique. Dans le but de gagner du poids, de simplifier les opérations de chargement en supprimant l'évacuation de la douille tirée, on a été amené à étudier des munitions dont la charge propulsive est sous forme de gargousses ou contenue dans une douille combustible. Pour obtenir des cadences de tir de plus en plus élevées, et compte tenu du fait que l'on ne pouvait pas équiper les douilles ou les gargousses d'un système d'allumage incorporé, on a étudié un dispositif d'allumage par étoupille logé dans la culasse de l'arme. Ainsi le FR-A-1 268 250 décrit une arme comportant un magasin à étoupilles monté de manière interchangeable dans le coin de culasse et réalisé de façon à éviter le chargement manuel de celui-ci. Un chariot est en relation avec ce magasin pour assurer la mise à feu des munitions.It is known for ammunition with metal casing to equip them with an incorporated ignition system, disposed at the rear of the casing and capable of operating, for example, by percussion or by the supply of electrical energy. In order to save weight, simplify the loading operations by eliminating the evacuation of the fired cartridge case, we were led to study ammunition whose propellant charge is in the form of gargoyles or contained in a combustible cartridge case. In order to obtain higher and higher firing rates, and taking into account that it was not possible to equip the sockets or the gargoyles with an incorporated ignition system, a ignition device was studied by housed in the breech of the weapon. Thus, FR-A-1 268 250 describes a weapon comprising a magazine for tugs mounted interchangeably in the breech corner and produced so as to avoid manual loading thereof. A trolley is in contact with this store to ensure the ignition of ammunition.

Ce dispositif devait répondre à certaines exigences pour permettre un gain de temps avantageux lors des manoeuvres de tir, telles que par exemple l'automaticité et la simplicité de changement du chargeur d'étoupilles. Le dispositif devait également être très fiable étant donné qu'il est soumis à des accélérations importantes pendant la phase de recul du canon. De plus, il fallait tenir compte du fait que la culasse du canon est le siège de contraintes mécaniques élevées; pour cela le dispositif d'alimentation en étoupilles devait être placé de façon telle que la culasse ne se trouve pas fragilisée, inconvénient auquel on aurait pu remédier en la renforçant d'où par conséquent une augmentation nuisible de sa masse.This device had to meet certain requirements in order to allow an advantageous saving of time during firing maneuvers, such as for example the automaticity and the simplicity of changing the packing magazine. The device also had to be very reliable since it is subjected to significant accelerations during the recoil phase of the gun. In addition, it had to be taken into account that the breech of the barrel is the seat of high mechanical stresses; for this the supply device for tows had to be placed in such a way that the cylinder head is not weakened, a disadvantage which could have been remedied by strengthening it, hence consequently a harmful increase in its mass.

Le but de la présente invention est de fournir un dispositif d'alimentation automatique en étoupilles répondant aux diverses conditions précitées tout en étant simple et de prix de revient relativement peu élevé.The object of the present invention is to provide an automatic supply device for dowels meeting the various aforementioned conditions while being simple and of relatively low cost price.

L'invention a donc pour objet un dispositif d'alimentation automatique en étoupille, pour canon d'artillerie comportant un tube, un coin de culasse, un manchon de culasse, monté sur la culasse, pour initier une charge propulsive contenue dans une munition sans douille, à douille combustible ou sous forme de gargousse, ledit dispositif d'alimentation comportant:

  • - un ensemble porte-étoupilles, mobile pas à pas en rotation autour d'un axe, sur lequel sont maintenues n étoupilles disposées parallèlement à cet axe et placées régulièrement sur un cercle centré sur cet axe,
  • - un moyen de commande en rotation pas à pas
    Figure imgb0001
    et en translation du porte-étoupilles, respectivement autour et le long de l'axe, permettant le changement d'étoupille à chaque munition tirée,
  • - un ensemble cutasse-pbrte percuteur escamotable vis à du porte-étoupilles lors de la manoeuvre de changement d'étoupille, et se déplaçant dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe du porte-étoupilles de manière à dégager ce dernier lors de la manoeuvre de changement d'étoupille,

caractérisé en ce que le moyen de commande du porte-étoupilles comprend:
  • - un ensemble arbre cannelé alésage cannelé, l'arbre cannelé ayant son axe confondu avec l'axe du porte-étoupilles, étant solidaire de ce dernier et coulissant dans l'alésage cannelé, les extrémités des cannelures de l'arbre et de l'alésage étant pourvues de chanfreins, les chanfreins et cannelures de l'arbre coopérant avec ceux de l'alésage de manière à permettre la rotation pas à pas du porte-étoupilles,
  • - un couple pignon-crémaillère circulaire pour permettre le mouvement de translation le long de l'axe du porte-étoupilles, la crémaillère étant solidaire du porte-étoupilles, et de même axe que celui-ci, le pignon étant actionné lors de la manoeuvre de la culasse du canon.
The invention therefore relates to an automatic draft supply device, for artillery gun comprising a tube, a breech wedge, a breech sleeve, mounted on the breech, to initiate a propellant charge contained in a munition without socket, with combustible socket or in the form of a gargoyle, said supply device comprising:
  • - a packing holder assembly, movable step by step in rotation about an axis, on which n pins are held arranged parallel to this axis and regularly placed on a circle centered on this axis,
  • - a step-by-step rotation control means
    Figure imgb0001
     and in translation of the stuffing box, respectively around and along the axis, allowing the changing of the packing with each fired ammunition,
  • - a retractable striker-striker assembly screw to the stuffing box during the stuffing change operation, and moving in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the stuffing box so as to release the latter during the operation of change of packing,

characterized in that the control means of the stuffing box comprises:
  • - A grooved shaft assembly with grooved bore, the grooved shaft having its axis coincident with the axis of the gland holder, being integral with the latter and sliding in the grooved bore, the ends of the grooves of the shaft and of the the bore being provided with chamfers, the chamfers and grooves of the shaft cooperating with those of the bore so as to allow the rotation of the stuffing box step by step,
  • - a circular pinion-rack couple to allow the translational movement along the axis of the stuffing box, the rack being integral with the stuffing box, and of the same axis as the latter, the pinion being actuated during the maneuver of the barrel breech.

Selon un mode de réalisation l'axe du porte-étoupilles est incliné de sensiblement 45° par rapport à l'axe du tube de canon, le porte-étoupilles étant disposé à une extrémité de la culasse du canon.According to one embodiment, the axis of the stuffing box is inclined at substantially 45 ° relative to the axis of the barrel tube, the stuffing box being arranged at one end of the breech of the barrel.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation, le dispositif comporte un premier jeu de glissières pratiquées dans la culasse du canon et dans la culasse du porte percuteur et disposées orthogonalement par rapport à l'axe du porte-étoupilles et un deuxième jeu de glissières pratiquées dans le manchon de culasse et dans la culasse porte percuteur et disposées parallèlement à l'axe du porte-étoupilles, le premier jeu de glissières coopérant avec le second pour permettre le déplacement de la culasse porte percuteur lors de la manoeuvre de changement d'étoupille.According to another embodiment, the device comprises a first set of slides made in the breech of the barrel and in the breech of the striker holder and arranged orthogonally with respect to the axis of the gland holder and a second set of slides made in the cylinder head sleeve and in the striker holder cylinder head and arranged parallel to the axis of the gland holder, the first set of slides cooperating with the second to allow the movement of the striker holder cylinder head during the change of pin operation.

Plus particulièrement, le deuxième jeu de glissières se désaccouple lorsque la culasse porte percuteur est suffisamment dégagée pour permettre le passage du porte-étoupilles, le déplacement de la culasse porte-percuteur étant limité par une butée fixe par rapport au coin de culasse.More specifically, the second set of Slides decouples when the striker holder cylinder head is sufficiently clear to allow passage of the stuffing box, the movement of the striker holder cylinder head being limited by a fixed stop relative to the cylinder head corner.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation,

  • - l'arbre cannelé possède deux ensembles de n cannelures mâles disposés vis-à-vis, séparés par une distance D, les deux ensembles étant décalés angulairement de
    Figure imgb0002
    les extrémités en regard des cannelures des deux ensembles étant munies de chanfreins inclinés d'un angle α par rapport aux génératrices de l'arbre de façon à ce que les chanfreins des deux ensembles forment un angle (π-2α),
  • - l'alésage cannelé comporte n cannelures femelles pouvant coulisser entre les cannelures mâles de l'arbre cannelé, la hauteur de cet alésage étant légèrement supérieures à D, les extrémités des cannelures se terminant par des chanfreins de même inclinaison que les chanfreins des cannelures mâles de l'arbre, coopérant avec ces dernières de manière à faire tourner le porte-étoupilles de
    Figure imgb0003
     lors d'un aller-retour de l'arbre n cannelé dans l'alésage cannelé.
According to another embodiment,
  • - the splined shaft has two sets of n male splines arranged opposite, separated by a distance D, the two sets being angularly offset by
    Figure imgb0002
     the opposite ends of the grooves of the two assemblies being provided with chamfers inclined at an angle α relative to the generatrices of the shaft so that the chamfers of the two assemblies form an angle (π-2α),
  • - the grooved bore has n female grooves which can slide between the male grooves of the grooved shaft, the height of this bore being slightly greater than D, the ends of the grooves ending in chamfers of the same inclination as the chamfers of male grooves of the shaft, cooperating with them so as to rotate the stuffing box
    Figure imgb0003
     during a round trip of the grooved shaft n in the grooved bore.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques:

  • - le porte-étoupilles est constitué de deux éléments en forme de disque solidaires en rotation, assemblés par un moyen de serrage et emprisonnant entre eux les fonds arrières des étoupilles,
  • - les fonds arrières des étoupilles sont noyés dans un bloc constituant le porte-étoupilles,
  • - le porte-étoupille est rendu solidaire de l'arbre cannelé par un moyen rapide de fixation.
According to other characteristics:
  • - the stuffing box consists of two disc-shaped elements integral in rotation, assembled by a clamping means and trapping between them the rear bottoms of the packing,
  • - the rear bottoms of the nipples are embedded in a block constituting the nipple holder,
  • - the stuffing box is made integral with the splined shaft by a quick fixing means.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description détaillée qui suit et qui est faite en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels:

  • - la figure 1 représente une coupe du dispositif selon l'invention en position, fermée, passant par l'axe du tube du canon et par l'axe du porte-étoupilles,
  • - la figure 2, représente la même coupe que celle de la figure 1, le dispositif d'alimentation étant ouvert,
  • - la figure 3 représente le dispositif d'alimentation vu selon F de la figure 1,
  • - la figure 4 représente une vue de détail du porte-étoupilles suivant une coupe passant par son axe,
  • - la figure 5 représente une partie longitudinale de l'arbre cannelé et de la crémaillère circulaire,
  • - la figure 6 représente une coupe selon la ligne I-I de la figure 5,
  • - la figure 7 représente une vue de détail extérieure de la bague cannelée,
  • - la figure 8 représente la bague cannelée vue suivant V de ia figure 7,
  • - les figures 9 et 10 représentent une vue développée de l'ensemble arbre cannelé - bague cannelée.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the detailed description which follows and which is given with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • FIG. 1 represents a section of the device according to the invention in the closed position, passing through the axis of the barrel tube and through the axis of the gland holder,
  • FIG. 2 represents the same section as that of FIG. 1, the supply device being open,
  • FIG. 3 represents the supply device seen according to F of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 4 represents a detailed view of the stuffing box in a section passing through its axis,
  • FIG. 5 represents a longitudinal part of the splined shaft and of the circular rack,
  • FIG. 6 represents a section along line II of FIG. 5,
  • FIG. 7 represents an external detail view of the grooved ring,
  • FIG. 8 represents the grooved ring seen along V of FIG. 7,
  • - Figures 9 and 10 show a developed view of the splined shaft - splined ring assembly.

A la figure 1, on a représenté l'axe XX' du tube du canon, ainsi que le coin de culasse 1 et une partie du manchon de culasse (2) dans lequel le coin coulisse sur les surfaces 3a et 3b visibles sur la figure. Un percement 4 d'axe YY' appelé conduit d'allumage est pratiqué dans le coin de culasse 1. Ce conduit débouche à une extrémité vers la chambre de tir du canon 5 et à l'autre extrémité vers la chambre d'étoupille 6.In Figure 1, there is shown the axis XX 'of the barrel tube, as well as the breech wedge 1 and part of the breech sleeve (2) in which the wedge slides on the surfaces 3a and 3b visible in the figure . A hole 4 of axis YY 'called the ignition conduit is made in the breech corner 1. This conduit opens at one end towards the firing chamber of the barrel 5 and at the other end towards the packing chamber 6.

Le dispositif selon l'invention comprend un porte étoupilles 7 de forme circulaire, tel que représenté en détail à la figure 4, qui maintient n étoupilles 8. Le nombre d'étoupilles, dans cet exemple particulier de réalisation a été choisi égal à 12 pour des impératifs d'encombrement. Il est bien entendu que ce nombre peut être augmenté ou réduit compte tenu de la place disponible pour loger le dispositif dans la culasse. Les étoupilles 8 sont montées sur ie porte-étoupilles de telle manière que leurs axes soient parallèles avec l'axe YY' du conduit d'allumage 4, une étoupille se trouvant dans la chambre d'étoupille 6 alors que les autres sont placées dans des logements 9 prévus dans le coin de culasse. Lors du changement d'étoupille, le porte-étoupilles doit pouvoir tourner de façon à amener une étoupille non consommée dans la chambre d'étoupille. Pour ce faire, le porte-étoupille doit effectuer une rotation pas à pas d'axe ZZ' parallèle au conduit d'allumage. Cette rotation pas à pas se fait pendant la translation du porte-étoupilles le long de l'axe ZZ', qui est effectuée grâce à un couple pignon 10 d'axe 10a - crémaillère 11. La rotation s'effectuant lorsque les étoupilles sont sorties des logements 9 et de la chambre 6. La crémaillère peut coulisser suivant l'axe ZZ', est solidaire du porte-étoupilles 7 et est actionnée par le pignon 10 solidaire du levier 12 commandé pendant l'ouverture de la culasse du canon. La crémaillère 11 est une crémaillère circulaire afin de permettre le mouvement simultané de rotation et de translation du porte-étoupilles .The device according to the invention comprises a ring holder 7 of circular shape, as shown in detail in FIG. 4, which holds n rings 8. The number of pins, in this particular embodiment has been chosen equal to 12 for space requirements. It is understood that this number can be increased or reduced given the space available to accommodate the device in the cylinder head. The chokes 8 are mounted on the choke holder so that their axes are parallel with the axis YY 'of the ignition pipe 4, one choke being in the choke chamber 6 while the others are placed in housings 9 provided in the breech corner. When changing the nipple, the nipple holder must be able to rotate so as to bring an unconsumed nipple into the nipple chamber. To do this, the stuffing box must rotate stepwise by axis ZZ 'parallel to the ignition pipe. This step-by-step rotation takes place during the translation of the gland holder along the axis ZZ ', which is carried out by means of a pinion 10 pair of axis 10a - rack 11. The rotation takes place when the pins are out of the housings 9 and of the chamber 6. The rack can slide along the axis ZZ ', is integral with the stuffing box 7 and is actuated by the pinion 10 integral with the lever 12 controlled during the opening of the barrel breech. The rack 11 is a circular rack to allow the simultaneous movement of rotation and translation of the stuffing box.

Le mouvement de rotation du porte-étoupilles est effectué grâce à des cannelures 13 a et 13b pratiquées sur l'arbre 14 (représentées aux figures 5 et 6), qui coopèrent avec des cannelures 15 d'une bague cannelée 16 (représentées aux figures 7 et 8). L'arbre cannelé possède, selon ses génératrices deux ensembles 13 a et 13b de cannelures mâles, les deux ensembles étant séparés par une distance D et étant décalés de―. Le nombre de cannelures n des deux ensembles doit être égal au nombre d'étoupilles disposées sur le porte-étoupilles. Ces cannelures sont munies de chanfreins 17 a et 17 b d'angle α par rapport aux génératices de l'arbre et formant entre eux un angle de (π-2α). La bague cannelée comporte n cannelures femelles 18 (représentées à la figure 8) pouvant coulisser le long des cannelures mâles 13 a ou 13b de l'arbre 14. La hauteur de cette bague est légèrement supérieure à la distance D de manière à ce que l'arbre soit toujours en prise sur la bague. Les extrémités des cannelures mâles 15 formées entre les cannelures femelles de la bague sont dotées de chanfreins 19 de même angle α que ceux pratiqués sur l'arbre et formant entre eux un angle de (π-2α).The rotation movement of the stuffing box is effected by means of grooves 13a and 13b formed on the shaft 14 (shown in FIGS. 5 and 6), which cooperate with grooves 15 of a grooved ring 16 (shown in FIGS. 7 and 8). The splined shaft has, according to its generatrices two sets 13a and 13b of male splines, the two sets being separated by a distance D and being offset by ―. The number of splines n of the two sets must be equal to the number of pins placed on the gland holder. These grooves are provided with chamfers 17 a and 17 b of angle α relative to the generatices of the shaft and forming between them an angle of (π-2α). The grooved ring has n female grooves 18 (shown in Figure 8) which can slide along the male grooves 13 a or 13b of the shaft 14. The height of this ring is slightly greater than the distance D so that l the shaft is still engaged on the ring. The ends of the male grooves 15 formed between the female grooves of the ring are provided with chamfers 19 of the same angle α as those formed on the shaft and forming between them an angle of (π-2α).

La bague cannelée 16 est rendue solidaire du coin de culasse grâce à un écrou 20 et une languette 21 logée dans une rainure 23 du coin de culasse.The grooved ring 16 is made integral with the breech wedge by means of a nut 20 and a tongue 21 housed in a groove 23 in the breech wedge.

Le porte-étoupilles, tel que représenté à la figure 4, est composé de deux parties 24 et 25 en forme de disque, solidarisées par un écrou 26 et un doigt de positionnement 27. Les fonds arrières 28 des étoupilles sont emprisonnés entre tes deux parties 24 et 25. L'ensemble ainsi formé est solidarisé à l'arbre cannelé 14 par l'intermé- chaire d'un tenon 29, par exemple de forme hexagonale, et par une goupille 30. Une variante consiste à noyer les fonds des étoupilles dans un bloc, par exemple en matière plastique, qui a pour rôle de remplacer les parties 24 et 25 ainsi que l'écrou 26 et le doigt 27. Dans les deux cas, l'ensemble porte-étoupilles constitue un moyen facilement démontable permettant le changement rapide du porte-étoupilles.The gland holder, as shown in Figure 4, is composed of two disc-shaped parts 24 and 25, secured by a nut 26 and a positioning finger 27. The rear bottoms 28 of the pins are trapped between your two parts 24 and 25. The assembly thus formed is secured to the splined shaft 14 by means of a tenon 29, for example of hexagonal shape, and by a pin 30. A variant consists in embedding the bottoms of the studs in a block, for example made of plastic, which has the role of replacing the parts 24 and 25 as well as the nut 26 and the finger 27. In both cases, the packing holder assembly constitutes an easily removable means allowing the quick change of the stuffing box.

La partie 24 en forme de disque comporte également des trous 31, alignés avec les axes des étoupilles et permettant le passage du percuteur 32 qui est logé dans la culasse porte percuteur 33 et qui est en appui sur la surface 35 du porte-étoupilles lorsque le coin de culasse est fermé. Le percuteur 32 est maintenu rétracté grâce à un ressort 36 maintenu par un écrou 37 et est actionné à l'instant opportun par un dispositif annexe non représenté car facilement imaginable par l'homme de l'art..The disc-shaped part 24 also has holes 31, aligned with the axes of the nipples and allowing the passage of the striker 32 which is housed in the striker holder cylinder head 33 and which is supported on the surface 35 of the nipple holder when the breech corner is closed. The striker 32 is kept retracted by means of a spring 36 held by a nut 37 and is actuated at the appropriate time by an auxiliary device, not shown because it is easily imaginable by those skilled in the art.

La culasse porte-percuteur 33 est maintenue sur le coin de culasse par un jeu de glissières 38 et est soumise à l'action du ressort 39 limitée par la butée 40 fixée sur le coin de culasse. Un deuxième jeu de glissières 41 a et 41 b, disposées respectivement sur la culasse porte percuteur et sur le manchon de culasse, permet à la culasse porte percuteur de dégager le porte-étoupilles afin de permettre son mouvement de recul. Au terme d'une course déterminée, les glissières 41a et 41b sont désaccouplées, et la culasse porte-percuteur se trouve maintenue contre la butée 40 (voir figure 2).The striker carrier cylinder head 33 is held on the cylinder head corner by a set of slides 38 and is subjected to the action of spring 39 limited by the stop 40 fixed on the cylinder head corner. A second set of runners 41 a and 41 b, disposed respectively on the striker holder cylinder head and on the breech sleeve, allows the striker holder cylinder head to disengage the gland holder so as to allow it to move back. At the end of a determined stroke, the slides 41a and 41b are uncoupled, and the striker carrier cylinder head is held against the stop 40 (see FIG. 2).

Le fonctionnement du dispositif selon l'invention est décrit ci-après. Le coin de culasse est fermé (voir figure 1), le percuteur 32 est actionné et met à feu l'étoupille 8 qui, par l'intermédiaire du canal 4, initie la munition disposée dans la chambre 5 du canon. Le coup tiré, on ouvre le coin de culasse (voir figure 2); la culasse porte percuteur est entraînée par ses glissières 41 a et dégage le porte-étoupilles. Pendant cette phase, le levier 12 est automatiquement actionné et entraîne le pignon 10 ainsi que la crémaillère circulaire 11 et l'arbre 14 qui se déplace dans la bague cannelée 16. A une position déterminée, les chanfreins 17b et 19 rentrent en contact (voir figure 10) et font pivoter l'arbre 14 de

Figure imgb0004
Ensuite, la nouvelle munition est placée dans la chambre du canon et le coin de culasse est refermé. En même temps, le levier 12 est manoeuvré, les chanfreins 17a et 19 entrent en contact (voir figure 9) et font pivoter l'arbre de
Figure imgb0005
 La rotation totale de
Figure imgb0006
 effectuée a ainsi permis de placer une nouvelle étoupille en position. La culasse-porte-percuteur est replacée en position sur le porte-étoupilles, un nouveau coup peut être tiré.The operation of the device according to the invention is described below. The breech wedge is closed (see FIG. 1), the striker 32 is actuated and ignites the choke 8 which, via the channel 4, initiates the ammunition placed in the chamber 5 of the barrel. The shot fired, we open the breech corner (see Figure 2); the striker holder cylinder head is driven by its slides 41 a and releases the stuffing box. During this phase, the lever 12 is automatically actuated and drives the pinion 10 as well as the circular rack 11 and the shaft 14 which moves in the grooved ring 16. At a determined position, the chamfers 17b and 19 come into contact (see Figure 10) and rotate the shaft 14 of
Figure imgb0004
 Then, the new ammunition is placed in the barrel chamber and the breech wedge is closed. At the same time, the lever 12 is maneuvered, the chamfers 17a and 19 come into contact (see FIG. 9) and cause the shaft to pivot.
Figure imgb0005
 The total rotation of
Figure imgb0006
 thus made it possible to place a new packing in position. The striker-holder cylinder head is replaced in position on the stuffing box, a new blow can be fired.

Claims (8)

1. An automatic firing-tube feed device, for artillery gun, incorporating a tube, a breech wedge (1), a breech ring, mounted on the breech, for the purpose of igniting a propelling charge contained in a caseless, flammable case or cartridge bag type ammunition, said feed device incorporating:
- one firing-tube holder assembly (7), moveable in a step-by-step rotation around an axis (Z-Z'), on which n firing-tubes (8) are held in an arrangement parallel to said axis and spaced at regular intervals around a circle centered on said axis,
- one control means of the firing-tube holder (7) in step-by-step rotation (10, 11, 12) (2π n pitch)
and in translation, respectively, around and along the axis, permitting the firing-tube replacement after each round of ammunition has been fired,
- one breech-hammer holder assembly (33), retractable in relation to the firing-tube holder (7) at the time of the firing-tube replacement operation, and traveling in a plane perpendicular to the firing-tube holder axis in order to clear the latter at the time of the firing-tube replacement operation,

characterized by the fact that the firing-tube holder control means incorporates:
- one grooved shaft-grooved bore assembly (14, 16), the grooved shaft (14) with its axis common with the firing-tube holder (7) axis (Z-Z'), interlocking with the latter and sliding in the grooved bore, the shaft and bore groove ends (13, 15) being provided with chamfers (17), said shaft's chamfers and grooves working together with the bore ones, in order to permit the firing-tube holder step-by-step rotation,
- one circular gear-rack pair (10, 11) to permit the translation motion along the firing-tube holder axis, the rack (11) interlocking with the firing-tube holder, and having the same axis as the latter, the gear (10) being actuated when the gun breech (1) is operated.
2. An automatic firing-tube feed device, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the firing-tube holder (7) axis (Z-Z') has an approximate 45° slant in relation to the gun tube axis (X-X'), the firing-tube holder being placed at one end of the gun's breech (1).
3. An automatic firing-tube feed device, according to either 1 or 2 claim, characterized by the fact that it incorporates one first set of slides (38) fitted into the gun's breech and into breech-hammer holder assembly (33) and arranged perpendicularly in relation to the firing-tube holder axis and one second set of slides (41) fitted into the breech ring and into the breech-hammer holder assembly and arranged parallely to the firing-tube holder axis, the first set of slides working together with the second one to permit the travel of the breech-hammer holder assembly at the time of the firing tube replacement operation.
4. An automatic firing-tube feed device, according to either of claims 1 to 3, characterized by the fact that the second set of slides (41) uncouples when the breech-hammer holder assembly (33) is sufficiently uncovered to permit the passage of the firing-tube, the breech-hammer holder assembly travel being limited by a stop (40) which is stationary in relation to the breech wedge (1).
5. An automatic firing-tube feed device incorporating n firing-tubes, according to one of the above claims, characterized by the fact that:
- the grooveu shaft (14) is fitted with two sets of n male grooves arranged opposite to one another, at a distance D from one another, both sets (13a, 13b) being staggered by a - angle. both sets groove ends opposite to n one another being provided with chamfers (17) at an a angle slant in relation to the shaft's generatrices so that both sets' chamfers form a (π-2α) angle;
- the grooved bore incorporates n female grooves (18) which may slide between the grooved shaft male grooves (13), said bore's height exceeding slightly D, the grooves' ends being terminated in chamfers (19) with the same slant as the shaft's male grooves and working together with said male grooves, in order to cause the firing-tube holder to rotate by 2π each time the n grooved shaft goes through a two-way travel in the grooved bore.
6. An automatic firing-tube feed device according to any of the above claims, characterized by the fact that the firing-tube holder consists of two disk shape components (24, 25), which are integral in rotation, assembled by a tightening means (29, 30) and locking between them the firing-tubes' rear bottoms (28).
7. An automatic firing-tube feed device according to one of the claims 1-5, characterized by the fact that the firing-tubes' rear bottoms are countersunk in a block forming the firing-tube holder.
8. An automatic firing-tube feed device according to any one of the above claims, characterized by the fact that the firing-tube holder is made interal with the grooved shaft through a snap-fastening means.
EP80401233A 1979-09-04 1980-08-28 Automatic feeding device for primer cartridges of a gun Expired EP0024997B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80401233T ATE2459T1 (en) 1979-09-04 1980-08-28 AUTOMATIC FEED DEVICE FOR CARTRIDGES FOR AN ARTILLERY CANNON.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7922042 1979-09-04
FR7922042A FR2464451A1 (en) 1979-09-04 1979-09-04 NEW AUTOMATIC FEEDING DEVICE IN CANVAS ARTILLERY CANNERS

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0024997A1 EP0024997A1 (en) 1981-03-11
EP0024997B1 true EP0024997B1 (en) 1983-02-09

Family

ID=9229315

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80401233A Expired EP0024997B1 (en) 1979-09-04 1980-08-28 Automatic feeding device for primer cartridges of a gun

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0024997B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE2459T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3061910D1 (en)
ES (1) ES494749A0 (en)
FR (1) FR2464451A1 (en)
NO (1) NO149401C (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109686192A (en) * 2019-02-13 2019-04-26 焦作大学 A kind of economical management teaching demonstration teaching aid

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2624961B1 (en) * 1987-12-17 1990-04-27 France Etat Armement CYLINDER HEAD FOR ARTILLERY CANON
US5115716A (en) * 1990-01-29 1992-05-26 Fmc Corporation Automatic percussion primer feed mechanism

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB191029929A (en) * 1910-12-23 1911-12-27 Arthur Trevor Dawson Improvements in or relating to the Firing Mechanism of Breech Loading Guns.
GB268053A (en) * 1925-12-29 1927-03-29 Armstrong Whitworth Co Eng Improvements in primer locks for breech loading guns
FR1268250A (en) * 1959-09-26 1961-07-28 Rheinmetall Gmbh Firearm such as a cannon, including a magazine for nipples

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109686192A (en) * 2019-02-13 2019-04-26 焦作大学 A kind of economical management teaching demonstration teaching aid
CN109686192B (en) * 2019-02-13 2020-10-20 焦作大学 Economic management teaching demonstration teaching aid

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2464451B1 (en) 1983-09-30
EP0024997A1 (en) 1981-03-11
FR2464451A1 (en) 1981-03-06
NO149401B (en) 1984-01-02
NO149401C (en) 1984-04-11
NO802590L (en) 1981-03-05
ES8105471A1 (en) 1981-06-01
ATE2459T1 (en) 1983-03-15
DE3061910D1 (en) 1983-03-17
ES494749A0 (en) 1981-06-01

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