EP0717254B1 - Fire arm - Google Patents

Fire arm Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0717254B1
EP0717254B1 EP95870130A EP95870130A EP0717254B1 EP 0717254 B1 EP0717254 B1 EP 0717254B1 EP 95870130 A EP95870130 A EP 95870130A EP 95870130 A EP95870130 A EP 95870130A EP 0717254 B1 EP0717254 B1 EP 0717254B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gun
rest position
casing
recoil
spring
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP95870130A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0717254A1 (en
Inventor
René Predazzer
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FN Herstal SA
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FN Herstal SA
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41WEAPONS
    • F41AFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A5/00Mechanisms or systems operated by propellant charge energy for automatically opening the lock
    • F41A5/02Mechanisms or systems operated by propellant charge energy for automatically opening the lock recoil-operated
    • F41A5/16Mechanisms or systems operated by propellant charge energy for automatically opening the lock recoil-operated having a barrel moving forwardly after the firing of a shot

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an automatic cycle firearm, comprising a carcass, a barrel mounted on this carcass and at least one lock movably mounted relative to the carcass, the barrel and the bolt can be separated to allow the supply of ammunition, the barrel also being movable relative to the carcass both backwards and forwards by relative to a rest position, the barrel and the bolt being mounted so as to allow the barrel to retreat together with the latch from the rest position and to continue, when going forward, its advance to the front from the rest position and then return to the rest position.
  • the barrel is fixed relative to the carcass or can only be moved between the rest position and a rear position.
  • the minimum length of a gun is indeed determined by the length of the barrel, which is necessary to the ballistic function, the length of the part of the chamber closure piece located behind the barrel, length often imposed by geometry and functions of this part and the back stroke of the moving parts.
  • This back stroke is itself determined by the length of the cartridge to be fed, the minimum length a feed ramp allowing the cartridge to gradually rise from the level of the charger to the level of the chamber and the relative displacement of the whole slide lock according to the kinematic principle adopted, this displacement being for example the unlocking stroke in a gas-fired weapon with a rotary bolt.
  • Firearms of the above kind exist in which the barrel can therefore advance from a rest position.
  • This weapon is relatively short, but this is due to the use of ammunition of the so-called “caseless” type, that is to say with skirt attached to the ball and primer fuel) and the fact that the cylinder head forms a part with the Canon.
  • the object of the invention is to achieve a reduction important the length of the weapon.
  • advancing the cannon in front of the position of rest takes place at least in part after the separation of the barrel and the bolt.
  • DE-C-148.445 describes a firearm whose length is limited but this weapon is of another type.
  • the barrel and the bolt are mounted way to move back together but from a position of departure in which the barrel is already pulled back, by partially compressing a first front spring, by via a lever which has been activated by the lock when locked.
  • this spring is fully compressed and the lock compresses a second spring. After the lock has been detached from the barrel, the latter returns to the front under the action of the first spring, down to its rest position. During this forward movement, the barrel rotates the above lever.
  • the latch After feeding, which takes place in a normal manner, the latch also flips forward and at the end of its stroke rotates the lever which pushes the barrel towards the rear to its starting position.
  • the firearm has two springs, i.e. a recoil spring to push the formed assembly forward by the barrel and the bolt after the recoil and a spring advancement to repel the barrel from its most advanced position to the rest position.
  • the firearm includes a movable slide relative to the carcass and which is part of the whole aforesaid movable towards the rear and formed by the bolt and the barrel, the recoil spring being mounted between the carcass and the slide and being compressed during recoil and the advancement spring being mounted between the carcass and the barrel and being compressed during advancement of the barrel at in front of the rest position.
  • the firearm shown in the figures is a rifle automatic which consists mainly, on the one hand a carcass 1 and on the other hand, a barrel 2, a lock 3 and a slide 4 movably mounted in the longitudinal direction of the weapon on the carcass 1.
  • the assembly formed by the barrel 2, the bolt 3 and the slide 4 can move back a short stroke from a rest position, compressing a recoil spring 5.
  • This recoil spring 5 is located between a flange 6 of the slide and a flange 7 formed in the carcass 1.
  • the lock 3 can be produced in a conventional manner and be formed for example by a rotary lock which can withstand the pressure in the chamber 4 that it locks.
  • This lock 3 can be detached from the barrel 2 so known.
  • the barrel 2 after detachment of its lock 3, can advance from the above rest position in compressing a advancing spring 9 which surrounds a part from barrel 2 and is located between part 10 of the carcass 1 and a flange 11 on the rear end of the barrel 2.
  • the ammunition supply device can be of a known construction and is therefore not described.
  • One difference with conventional weapons is that it feeding device must ensure the exit of the magazine cartridge 12, its rise to the level of the room and its introduction into a room before emptied during the movement of cannon 2 and not during slide movement.
  • a classic extractor and a spring ejector also classic can be used to empty the room and eject the sleeve.
  • the power supply function which conventionally requires a relatively large mass to have energy kinetics suitable for proper functioning, must no longer be ensured by the slide, which authorizes a construction lighter of this piece.
  • this slide retains its classic functions as for example in the in the case of a rotary lock, the lock rotation control, by means of an adequate ramp when the lock deviates from the slide and as the support of part of the chain percussion.
  • This percussion chain can be of construction classic well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the slide 4, the lock 3 and the barrel 2 are integral and these elements form a 2-3-4 set which from the aforesaid rest position may retreat.
  • a cartridge is in the room and after initiation of this cartridge, the amount of movement generated by the bullet speed and combustion gas causes a decline in the above 2-3-4 assembly.
  • the balance between the energy communicated to the mobile assembly constituted by the barrel 2, the bolt 3 and the slide 4, and the difference in potential energy accumulated is, in partly absorbed by the stop 14 and partly by the shooter or the lookout.
  • the rear stop 14 can be formed a damper to improve the reproducibility of the kinematics of the weapon, improve the comfort of the shooter or limit the forces transmitted to the structure.
  • This stop can also be constituted a shock absorber as required.
  • the barrel 2 and the latch 3 still integral continue their forward movement, which generates a spacing between latch 3 and slide 4 allowing this one to unlock the room for example allowing it to control in a manner known in silk rotation of the lock.
  • the barrel 2 continues by inertia its forward movement, somewhat slowed down by the energy consumed by unlocking the chamber and the possible extraction of the sleeve.
  • the barrel 2 compresses the spring 9 until the stop on the front stop 15 formed by the rear face of part 10 of the carcass 1.
  • the weapon is shown in Figure 3 when the barrel 2 is stopped by the front stop 15, the advancing spring 9 being completely compressed.
  • the front stop 15 can also consist of a shock absorber as required.
  • the balance of energy will be shared between absorption in the stopper 15 possibly damped and the energy communicated to carcass i and to the shooter or on the lookout.
  • the system will be optimized, in particular by the total mass of the weapon, the comfort of the shooter and the reliability of the mechanism according to different external conditions.
  • the potential energy of the advancing spring 9 will be such that even under adverse conditions of operation, it is sufficient to complete the cycle.
  • the barrel 2 ends the feeding, between in contact with the lock and pushes it back into the slide, which causes it to lock relative to the cannon.
  • the barrel 2 stops against the slide 4 which forms a stop for the barrel and which remains almost in contact with the stop 13.
  • the face of the slide 4 which forms the stop for the barrel 2 can possibly consist of a damper.
  • the weapon is again in the rest position, ready for the next cycle.
  • the energy required for the percussion generally taken in retreat from the traditional slides can here according to the opportunity for realization, be taken during the retreat of the mobile assembly "barrel 2, latch 3, slide 4" or during advancement of cannon 2, etc ...
  • the decline in the above-mentioned set is independent of the stroke required for feeding and can also be short that the optimization of the realization allows kinematic and stress point of view, which allows a decline far less than the decline in moving parts conventional weapons, this latest decline being linked to the length of the ammunition to be fed.
  • the major advantage of the invention is therefore a reduction significant of the total length of the weapon at rest.
  • cannon 2 increases temporarily the total tear length, but this does not occurs only when fired and not when the weapon is at rest. Since the shooting takes place in a space necessarily released, the temporary extension does not interfere in any way handling of the weapon.
  • the invention also allows a possible reduction of the cost of the weapon and possible reduction in mass.
  • the functioning of the forward and backward mechanism according to the invention does not have the effect of increasing the reversing pulse communicated to the shooter or the support. On the contrary, the requests for the start of the coup communicated to the shooter or to the lookout are intrinsically reduced compared to locked fixed barrel weapons.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)

Description

L'invention concerne une arme à feu à cycle automatique, comprenant une carcasse, un canon monté sur cette carcasse et au moins un verrou monté de manière mobile par rapport à la carcasse, le canon et le verrou pouvant être désolidarisés pour permettre l'alimentation d'une munition, le canon étant également mobile par rapport à la carcasse aussi bien en direction arrière qu'en direction avant par rapport à une position de repos, le canon et le verrou étant montés de manière à permettre au canon de reculer ensemble avec le verrou à partir de la position de repos et de continuer, lors du retour en avant, son avance au devant de la position de repos et de retourner ensuite à la position de repos.The invention relates to an automatic cycle firearm, comprising a carcass, a barrel mounted on this carcass and at least one lock movably mounted relative to the carcass, the barrel and the bolt can be separated to allow the supply of ammunition, the barrel also being movable relative to the carcass both backwards and forwards by relative to a rest position, the barrel and the bolt being mounted so as to allow the barrel to retreat together with the latch from the rest position and to continue, when going forward, its advance to the front from the rest position and then return to the rest position.

Dans les armes à feu connues classiques, le canon est fixe par rapport à la carcasse ou peut uniquement être déplacé entre la position de repos et une position arrière.In conventional known firearms, the barrel is fixed relative to the carcass or can only be moved between the rest position and a rear position.

Il en résulte une longueur relativement élevée de l'arme.This results in a relatively long length of the weapon.

La longueur minimale d'une arme à feu est en effet déterminée par la longueur du canon, qui est nécessaire à la fonction balistique, la longueur de la partie de la pièce de fermeture de chambre située derrière le canon, longueur souvent imposée par la géométrie et les fonctions de cette pièce et la course arrière des pièces mobiles.The minimum length of a gun is indeed determined by the length of the barrel, which is necessary to the ballistic function, the length of the part of the chamber closure piece located behind the barrel, length often imposed by geometry and functions of this part and the back stroke of the moving parts.

Cette course arrière est elle-même déterminée par la longueur de la cartouche à alimenter, la longueur minimale d'une rampe d'alimentation permettant la cartouche de monter progressivement du niveau du chargeur au niveau de la chambre et le déplacement relatif de l'ensemble verrou-glissière selon le principe cinématique retenu, ce déplacement étant par exemple la course de déverrouillage dans une arme à prise de gaz et verrou rotatif.This back stroke is itself determined by the length of the cartridge to be fed, the minimum length a feed ramp allowing the cartridge to gradually rise from the level of the charger to the level of the chamber and the relative displacement of the whole slide lock according to the kinematic principle adopted, this displacement being for example the unlocking stroke in a gas-fired weapon with a rotary bolt.

Des armes à feu du genre susdit existent dans lesquelles le canon peut donc avancer à partir d'une position de repos.Firearms of the above kind exist in which the barrel can therefore advance from a rest position.

Ceci est le cas dans l'arme à feu décrite dans FR-A-2.262.277. Dans cette arme, le canon et la culasse, qui forment une pièce, flottent dans la carcasse. Lors du recul, le canon est arrêté et le verrou, déverrouillé, continue avec la glissière son mouvement arrière pendant lequel l'alimentation a lieu. Un cycle de plusieurs tirs peut avoir lieu, la glissière retournant vers l'avant en verrouillant le verrou après chaque coup de tir. Le canon ne retourne vers l'avant après ce cycle. Au moment où ce canon atteint sa position de repos, le verrou est déjà verrouillé sur le canon. Le canon ne dépasse sa position de repos vers l'avant pour qu'un ressort puisse absorber le choc.This is the case in the firearm described in FR-A-2.262.277. In this weapon, the barrel and the breech, which form a part, float in the carcass. During the recoil, the barrel is stopped and the bolt unlocked, continues with the slide its backward movement during which feeding takes place. A cycle of several shots can take place, the slide turning forward in locking the lock after each shot. The Canon does not return forward after this cycle. By the time this barrel reaches its rest position, the bolt is already locked on the barrel. The barrel does not exceed its position of rest forward so that a spring can absorb the shock.

Cette arme est relativement courte, mais ceci est dû à l'utilisation d'une munition du type dit "caseless", c'est-à-dire à jupe solidaire de la balle et amorce combustible) et au fait que la culasse forme une pièce avec le canon.This weapon is relatively short, but this is due to the use of ammunition of the so-called "caseless" type, that is to say with skirt attached to the ball and primer fuel) and the fact that the cylinder head forms a part with the Canon.

L'alimentation se faisant d'une manière classique lors du mouvement arrière du verrou, cette arme serait relativement longue pour des cartouches normales.The feeding is done in a conventional manner during the back movement of the bolt, this weapon would be relatively long for normal cartridges.

Le but de l'invention est de réaliser une réduction importante de la longueur de l'arme. The object of the invention is to achieve a reduction important the length of the weapon.

Dans ce but, l'avance du canon au devant de la position de repos s'effectue au moins en partie après la désolidarisation du canon et du verrou.For this purpose, advancing the cannon in front of the position of rest takes place at least in part after the separation of the barrel and the bolt.

DE-C-148.445 décrit une arme à feu dont la longeur est limitée mais cette arme est d'un autre type. Dans cette arme tubulaire, le canon et le verrou sont montés de manière à reculer ensemble mais à partir d'une position de départ dans laquelle le canon est déjà tiré vers l'arrière, en comprimant partiellement un premier ressort avant, par l'intermédiaire d'un levier qui a été actionné par le verrou lors du verrouillage.DE-C-148.445 describes a firearm whose length is limited but this weapon is of another type. In this tubular weapon, the barrel and the bolt are mounted way to move back together but from a position of departure in which the barrel is already pulled back, by partially compressing a first front spring, by via a lever which has been activated by the lock when locked.

Lors du recul, ce ressort est comprimé totalement et le verrou comprime un deuxième ressort. Après que le verrou ait été désolidarisé du canon, ce dernier retourne vers l'avant sous l'action du premier ressort, jusque dans sa position de repos. Lors de ce mouvement vers l'avant, le canon fait pivoter le levier susdit.During recoil, this spring is fully compressed and the lock compresses a second spring. After the lock has been detached from the barrel, the latter returns to the front under the action of the first spring, down to its rest position. During this forward movement, the barrel rotates the above lever.

Après l'alimentation, qui a lieu d'une manière normale, le verrou retourne également vers l'avant et à la fin de sa course fait pivoter le levier qui repousse le canon vers l'arrière jusque dans sa position de départ.After feeding, which takes place in a normal manner, the latch also flips forward and at the end of its stroke rotates the lever which pushes the barrel towards the rear to its starting position.

Dans une forme de réalisation particulière de l'invention, l'arme à feu comprend deux ressorts, c'est-à-dire un ressort de recul pour repousser en avant l'ensemble formé par le canon et le verrou après le recul et un ressort d'avancement pour repousser le canon à partir de sa position la plus avancée vers la position de repos.In a particular embodiment of the invention, the firearm has two springs, i.e. a recoil spring to push the formed assembly forward by the barrel and the bolt after the recoil and a spring advancement to repel the barrel from its most advanced position to the rest position.

De préférence, l'arme à feu comprend une glissière mobile par rapport à la carcasse et qui fait partie de l'ensemble susdit déplaçable vers l'arrière et formé par le verrou et le canon, le ressort de recul étant monté entre la carcasse et la glissière et étant comprimé lors du recul et le ressort d'avancement étant monté entre la carcasse et le canon et étant comprimé lors de l'avancement du canon au devant de la position de repos. Preferably, the firearm includes a movable slide relative to the carcass and which is part of the whole aforesaid movable towards the rear and formed by the bolt and the barrel, the recoil spring being mounted between the carcass and the slide and being compressed during recoil and the advancement spring being mounted between the carcass and the barrel and being compressed during advancement of the barrel at in front of the rest position.

Pour plus de clarté un exemple de mise en oeuvre de l'invention est décrit ci-après à titre illustratif et non restrictif, référence étant faite aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue latérale schématique avec coupe partielle d'une arme selon l'invention en position de repos;
  • la figure 2 est une vue analogue à celle selon la figure 1, mais avec les éléments mobiles de l'arme en position de recul;
  • la figure 3 est une vue analogue à celles selon les figures 1 et 2, avec les éléments mobiles de l'arme dans une troisième position;
  • For clarity, an example of implementation of the invention is described below by way of illustration and not restrictively, reference being made to the appended drawings, in which:
  • Figure 1 is a schematic side view with partial section of a weapon according to the invention in the rest position;
  • Figure 2 is a view similar to that according to Figure 1, but with the movable elements of the weapon in the retracted position;
  • Figure 3 is a view similar to those according to Figures 1 and 2, with the movable elements of the weapon in a third position;
  • L'arme à feu représentée aux figures est un fusil automatique qui est constitué principalement, d'une part d'une carcasse 1 et d'autre part, d'un canon 2, d'un verrou 3 et d'une glissière 4 montés d'une manière mobile dans la direction longitudinale de l'arme sur la carcasse 1.The firearm shown in the figures is a rifle automatic which consists mainly, on the one hand a carcass 1 and on the other hand, a barrel 2, a lock 3 and a slide 4 movably mounted in the longitudinal direction of the weapon on the carcass 1.

    L'ensemble formé par le canon 2, le verrou 3 et la glissière 4 peut reculer d'une course courte à partir d'une position de repos, en comprimant un ressort de recul 5.The assembly formed by the barrel 2, the bolt 3 and the slide 4 can move back a short stroke from a rest position, compressing a recoil spring 5.

    Ce ressort de recul 5 est situé entre un rebord 6 de la glissière et un rebord 7 formé dans la carcasse 1.This recoil spring 5 is located between a flange 6 of the slide and a flange 7 formed in the carcass 1.

    Le verrou 3 peut être réalisé de façon classique et être formé par exemple par un verrou rotatif pouvant résister à la pression dans la chambre 4 qu'il verrouille.The lock 3 can be produced in a conventional manner and be formed for example by a rotary lock which can withstand the pressure in the chamber 4 that it locks.

    Ce verrou 3 peut être désolidarisé du canon 2 de façon connue. This lock 3 can be detached from the barrel 2 so known.

    Le canon 2, après désolidarisation de son verrou 3, peut avancer à partir de la position de repos susdite en comprimant un ressort d'avancement 9 qui entoure une partie du canon 2 et est situé entre une partie 10 de la carcasse 1 et un rebord 11 sur l'extrémité arrière du canon 2.The barrel 2, after detachment of its lock 3, can advance from the above rest position in compressing a advancing spring 9 which surrounds a part from barrel 2 and is located between part 10 of the carcass 1 and a flange 11 on the rear end of the barrel 2.

    Au cours de cette dernière course, le cycle automatique comprenant l'extraction-éjection éventuelle d'une douille et l'alimentation de la munition suivante peut avoir lieu.During this last race, the automatic cycle including possible extraction-ejection of a socket and the next munition can be fed.

    Le dispositif d'alimentation de la munition peut être d'une construction connue et n'est par conséquent pas décrit. Une différence avec les armes classiques est que ce dispositif d'alimentation doit assurer la sortie de la cartouche du chargeur 12, sa remontée au niveau de la chambre et son introduction dans une chambre auparavant vidée, lors du mouvement du canon 2 et non lors du mouvement de la glissière.The ammunition supply device can be of a known construction and is therefore not described. One difference with conventional weapons is that it feeding device must ensure the exit of the magazine cartridge 12, its rise to the level of the room and its introduction into a room before emptied during the movement of cannon 2 and not during slide movement.

    Un extracteur classique et un éjecteur à ressort également classique peuvent être utilisés pour vider la chambre et éjecter la douille.A classic extractor and a spring ejector also classic can be used to empty the room and eject the sleeve.

    La fonction d'alimentation, qui classiquement nécessite une masse relativement importante pour disposer d'une énergie cinétique adéquate au bon fonctionnement, ne doit plus être assurée par la glissière, ce qui autorise une construction plus légère de cette pièce. A part cela, cette glissière conserve ses fonctions classiques comme par exemple dans le cas d'un verrou rotatif, la commande de rotation du verrou, moyennant une rampe adéquate quand le verrou s'écarte de la glissière et comme le soutien d'une partie de la chaíne de percussion. The power supply function, which conventionally requires a relatively large mass to have energy kinetics suitable for proper functioning, must no longer be ensured by the slide, which authorizes a construction lighter of this piece. Other than that, this slide retains its classic functions as for example in the in the case of a rotary lock, the lock rotation control, by means of an adequate ramp when the lock deviates from the slide and as the support of part of the chain percussion.

    Cette chaíne de percussion peut être de construction classique bien connue de l'homme du métier.This percussion chain can be of construction classic well known to those skilled in the art.

    En position de repos, c'est-à-dire avant le tir, les éléments mobiles formés par le canon 2, le verrou 3 et la glissière 4 se trouvent dans la position représentée à la figure 1 en formant un ensemble.In the rest position, i.e. before firing, the movable elements formed by the barrel 2, the latch 3 and the slide 4 are in the position shown in the Figure 1 forming a whole.

    Pour cette position, le ressort de recul 5 et le ressort d'avancement 9 sont précomprimés, la précompression du ressort de recul 5 étant sensiblement supérieure à la précompression du ressort d'avancement 9.For this position, the recoil spring 5 and the spring 9 are precompressed, precompression recoil spring 5 being substantially greater than the advance spring precompression 9.

    Pour cette raison, la glissière 4 est poussée en avant contre une butée 13 formée par une partie de la carcasse 1.For this reason, the slide 4 is pushed forward against a stop 13 formed by a part of the carcass 1.

    La glissière 4, le verrou 3 et le canon 2 sont solidaires et ces éléments forment un ensemble 2-3-4 qui à partir de la position de repos susdite peut reculer.The slide 4, the lock 3 and the barrel 2 are integral and these elements form a 2-3-4 set which from the aforesaid rest position may retreat.

    Une cartouche se trouve dans la chambre et après initiation de cette cartouche, la quantité de mouvement générée par la prise de vitesse de la balle et des gaz de combustion entraíne un recul de l'ensemble 2-3-4 susdit.A cartridge is in the room and after initiation of this cartridge, the amount of movement generated by the bullet speed and combustion gas causes a decline in the above 2-3-4 assembly.

    Par ce recul, le ressort de recul 5 est comprimé et la glissière 4 est arrêtée par une butée arrière 14 formée par une partie de la carcasse 1, tel que représenté à la figure 2.By this recoil, the recoil spring 5 is compressed and the slide 4 is stopped by a rear stop 14 formed by part of the carcass 1, as shown in the figure 2.

    L'énergie cinétique de cet ensemble mobile 2-3-4 est accumulée dans le ressort de recul 5. Cette énergie, déduction faite éventuellement d'une cession d'énergie du ressort d'avancement 9, renvoie ensuite l'ensemble 2-3-4 vers l'avant. The kinetic energy of this 2-3-4 mobile assembly is accumulated in the recoil spring 5. This energy, less any transfer of energy from the advancement spring 9, then returns the set 2-3-4 forward.

    Le reliquat entre l'énergie communiquée à l'ensemble mobile constitué par le canon 2, le verrou 3 et la glissière 4, et la différence d'énergie potentielle accumulée est, en partie, absorbé par la butée 14 et en partie par le tireur ou l'affût.The balance between the energy communicated to the mobile assembly constituted by the barrel 2, the bolt 3 and the slide 4, and the difference in potential energy accumulated is, in partly absorbed by the stop 14 and partly by the shooter or the lookout.

    Selon le besoin, la butée arrière 14 peut être constituée d'un amortisseur pour améliorer la reproductivité de la cinématique de l'arme, améliorer le confort du tireur ou limiter les efforts transmis à la structure.As required, the rear stop 14 can be formed a damper to improve the reproducibility of the kinematics of the weapon, improve the comfort of the shooter or limit the forces transmitted to the structure.

    Dans son mouvement vers l'avant, la glissière 4 s'arrète sur la butée 13. Cette butée peut également être constituée d'un amortisseur selon le besoin.In its forward movement, the slide 4 stops on the stop 13. This stop can also be constituted a shock absorber as required.

    Par inertie, le canon 2 et le verrou 3, encore solidaires continuent leur mouvement vers l'avant, ce qui génère un écartement entre le verrou 3 et la glissière 4 permettant à celle-ci de déverrouiller la chambre, par exemple, permettant à celle-ci de commander d'une manière connue en soie la rotation du verrou.By inertia, the barrel 2 and the latch 3, still integral continue their forward movement, which generates a spacing between latch 3 and slide 4 allowing this one to unlock the room for example allowing it to control in a manner known in silk rotation of the lock.

    Après l'arrêt du verrou 3, le canon 2 continue par inertie son mouvement vers l'avant, quelque peu ralenti par l'énergie consommée par le déverrouillage de la chambre et l'extraction éventuelle de la douille.After the lock 3 has stopped, the barrel 2 continues by inertia its forward movement, somewhat slowed down by the energy consumed by unlocking the chamber and the possible extraction of the sleeve.

    Pendant ce mouvement, le canon 2 comprime le ressort d'avancement 9 jusqu'à l'arrêt sur la butée avant 15 formé par la face arrière de la partie 10 de la carcasse 1.During this movement, the barrel 2 compresses the spring 9 until the stop on the front stop 15 formed by the rear face of part 10 of the carcass 1.

    L'arme est représentée à la figure 3 au moment où le canon 2 est arrêté par la butée avant 15, le ressort d'avancement 9 étant complètement comprimé. The weapon is shown in Figure 3 when the barrel 2 is stopped by the front stop 15, the advancing spring 9 being completely compressed.

    La butée avant 15 peut également être constituée d'un amortisseur selon le besoin.The front stop 15 can also consist of a shock absorber as required.

    Dans ce mouvement, une partie de l'alimentation a pu être partiellement réalisée. De même, l'éjection s'est réalisée simplement commandée, par exemple, par un éjecteur classique à ressort monté dans le verrou 3.In this movement, part of the food could be partially completed. Similarly, the ejection was carried out simply controlled, for example, by an ejector classic spring mounted in latch 3.

    L'énergie cinétique du canon 2, après le déverrouillage de la chambre, s'est partiellement transformée en accroissement d'énergie potentielle dans le ressort d'avancement 9.Kinetic energy of cannon 2, after unlocking the room, has partially turned into increased potential energy in the spring advancement 9.

    Une autre partie d'énergie a été consommée notamment dans l'alimentation partielle.Another part of energy was consumed in particular in partial feeding.

    Le reliquat d'énergie sera partagé entre l'absorption dans la butée 15 éventuellement amortie et l'énergie communiquées à la carcasse i et au tireur ou à l'affût.The balance of energy will be shared between absorption in the stopper 15 possibly damped and the energy communicated to carcass i and to the shooter or on the lookout.

    Le système sera optimalisé, notamment par la masse totale de l'arme, le confort du tireur et la fiabilité du mécanisme selon différentes conditions extérieures.The system will be optimized, in particular by the total mass of the weapon, the comfort of the shooter and the reliability of the mechanism according to different external conditions.

    Notamment, l'énergie potentielle du ressort d'avancement 9 sera telle que, même dans des conditions défavorables de fonctionnement, elle soit suffisante pour terminer le cycle.In particular, the potential energy of the advancing spring 9 will be such that even under adverse conditions of operation, it is sufficient to complete the cycle.

    Pour terminer le cycle, après sa course avant, le canon 2 retourne à la position de repos sous l'action du ressort d'avancement 9.To complete the cycle, after its front run, cannon 2 returns to the rest position under the action of the spring advancement 9.

    Pendant ce recul, le canon 2 termine l'alimentation, entre en contact avec le verrou et repousse celui-ci dans la glissière, ce qui provoque son verrouillage par rapport au canon.During this retreat, the barrel 2 ends the feeding, between in contact with the lock and pushes it back into the slide, which causes it to lock relative to the cannon.

    Le canon 2 s'arrête contre la glissière 4 qui forme une butée pour le canon et qui reste quasiment en contact avec la butée 13. La face de la glissière 4 qui forme la butée pour le canon 2 peut éventuellement être constituée d'un amortisseur.The barrel 2 stops against the slide 4 which forms a stop for the barrel and which remains almost in contact with the stop 13. The face of the slide 4 which forms the stop for the barrel 2 can possibly consist of a damper.

    L'arme se trouve à nouveau en position de repos, prête pour le cycle suivant.The weapon is again in the rest position, ready for the next cycle.

    L'énergie nécessaire à la percussion généralement prélevée dans le recul des glissières traditionelles peut ici, selon l'opportunité de réalisation, être prélevée lors du recul de l'ensemble mobile "canon 2, verrou 3, glissière 4" ou lors de l'avancement du canon 2, etc...The energy required for the percussion generally taken in retreat from the traditional slides can here according to the opportunity for realization, be taken during the retreat of the mobile assembly "barrel 2, latch 3, slide 4" or during advancement of cannon 2, etc ...

    La description du cycle ci-dessus illustre donc la simplification apportée par la suppression du besoin d'énergie à communiquer à la glissière des armes classiques (prise de gaz ou autre), d'où gain de coût et de masse.The description of the cycle above therefore illustrates the simplification brought by the elimination of the need of energy to communicate with the slide of conventional weapons (gas outlet or other), hence saving cost and mass.

    En outre, lors du départ du coup, l'ensemble mobile "canon 2, verrou 3, glissière 4" est de fait monté sur une berce élastique d'où la réduction intrinsèque de la sollicitation du départ du coup communiqué vers le tireur.In addition, at the start of the coup, the mobile assembly "cannon 2, lock 3, slide 4 "is actually mounted on a cradle elastic hence the intrinsic reduction of the stress from the start of the hit communicated to the shooter.

    En plus, le recul de l'ensemble susdit est indépendant de la course requise pour l'alimentation et peut être aussi court que l'optimalisation de la réalisation le permet du point de vue cinématique et sollicitations, ce qui permet un recul nettement inférieur au recul des pièces mobiles des armes classiques, ce dernier recul étant lié à la longueur de la munition à alimenter. In addition, the decline in the above-mentioned set is independent of the stroke required for feeding and can also be short that the optimization of the realization allows kinematic and stress point of view, which allows a decline far less than the decline in moving parts conventional weapons, this latest decline being linked to the length of the ammunition to be fed.

    L'avantage majeur de l'invention est donc une réduction importante de la longueur totale de l'arme au repos.The major advantage of the invention is therefore a reduction significant of the total length of the weapon at rest.

    Il est vrai que la longue course avant du canon 2 accroít provisoirement la longueur totale de larme, mais ceci ne se produit qu'au moment du tir et non pas lorsque l'arme est au repos. Etant donné que le tir a lieu dans un espace forcément dégagé, l'allongement temporaire ne gêne en rien les manipulations de l'arme.It is true that the long front stroke of cannon 2 increases temporarily the total tear length, but this does not occurs only when fired and not when the weapon is at rest. Since the shooting takes place in a space necessarily released, the temporary extension does not interfere in any way handling of the weapon.

    L'invention permet également une réduction éventuelle du coût de l'arme et une réduction éventuelle de la masse.The invention also allows a possible reduction of the cost of the weapon and possible reduction in mass.

    Le fonctionnement du mécanisme d'avancement et de recul selon l'invention n'a pas pour effet d'augmenter l'impulsion de recul communiquée au tireur ou au support. Au contraire, les sollicitations du départ du coup communiquées au tireur ou à l'affût sont intrinsèquement réduites par rapport aux armes verrouillées à canon fixe.The functioning of the forward and backward mechanism according to the invention does not have the effect of increasing the reversing pulse communicated to the shooter or the support. On the contrary, the requests for the start of the coup communicated to the shooter or to the lookout are intrinsically reduced compared to locked fixed barrel weapons.

    Il est évident que de nombreuses modifications peuvent être apportées à l'exemple susdécrit, sans pour autant sortir du cadre de l'invention.It is obvious that many modifications can be made to the example described above, without however leaving the part of the invention.

    Claims (7)

    1. Fire arm with an automatic cycle, containing a casing (1), a gun (2) mounted on this casing (1) and at least one breech bolt (3) mounted in a movable manner in relation to the casing, whereby the gun (2) and the breech bolt (3) can be separated so as to make it possible to feed ammunition, whereby the gun (2) is also movable in relation to the casing (1), both forward and backward in relation to a rest position, whereby the gun (2) and the breech bolt (3) are mounted such that the gun (2) can recoil together with the breech bolt (3) as of the rest position and can continue, when returning forward, its forward movement in front of the rest position and then return to the rest position, characterised in that the forward movement of the gun (2) in front of the rest position takes place at least partly after the separation of the gun (2) and the breech bolt (3).
    2. Fire arm according to claim 1, characterised in that it contains two springs (5 and 9), i.e. a recoil spring (5) to push forward the whole consisting of the gun (2) and the breech bolt (3) after the recoil, and an advance spring (9) to push the gun (2) from its foremost position into the rest position.
    3. Fire arm according to claim 2, characterised in that it contains a slide (4) which is movable in relation in relation to the casing (1) and which is part of the above-mentioned whole which can be moved backward and which consists of the breech bolt (3) and the gun (2), whereby the recoil spring (5) is mounted between the casing (1) and the slide (4) and is compressed during the recoil, and whereby the advance spring (9) is mounted between the casing (1) and the gun (2) and is compressed during the forward movement of the gun (2) in front of the rest position.
    4. Fire arm according to any of claims 2 and 3, characterised in that the springs (5 and 9) are pre-compressed in the rest position of the fire arm, whereby the recoil spring (5) is pre-compressed significantly more than the advance spring (9).
    5. Fire arm according to claim 3, characterised in that the gun (2) can be separated from the breech bolt (3) and in that the casing (1) has a first stop (14) which restricts the recoil of the whole consisting of the gun (2), the breech bolt (3) and the slide (4), a second stop (13) which stops the slide (4) when it moves forward again and which determines its rest position, and a third stop (15) which determines the most advanced position of the gun (2), possibly by means of the advance spring (9).
    6. Fire arm according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that it contains a feeding device which is designed such that the return of the gun (2) from its most advanced position to its rest position at least ensures the feeding of the next ammunition.
    7. Fire arm according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that it contains an extraction and ejection device for the cases which is designed such that the forward movement of the gun (2) between its rest position and its most advanced position ensures the extraction and the ejection of a case.
    EP95870130A 1994-12-12 1995-12-12 Fire arm Expired - Lifetime EP0717254B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    BE9401122 1994-12-12
    BE9401122A BE1009141A3 (en) 1994-12-12 1994-12-12 Firearm.

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0717254A1 EP0717254A1 (en) 1996-06-19
    EP0717254B1 true EP0717254B1 (en) 1999-09-08

    Family

    ID=3888531

    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP95870130A Expired - Lifetime EP0717254B1 (en) 1994-12-12 1995-12-12 Fire arm

    Country Status (12)

    Country Link
    US (1) US5827991A (en)
    EP (1) EP0717254B1 (en)
    JP (1) JPH11500522A (en)
    KR (1) KR970700855A (en)
    BE (1) BE1009141A3 (en)
    CZ (1) CZ237496A3 (en)
    DE (2) DE717254T1 (en)
    ES (1) ES2092458T3 (en)
    IL (1) IL116329A (en)
    RO (1) RO114190B1 (en)
    WO (1) WO1996018860A1 (en)
    ZA (1) ZA9510539B (en)

    Cited By (2)

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    DE102008029147A1 (en) 2008-06-19 2009-12-24 Markus Wimmer Backstroke operatable, lockable and automatic locking system for pistol, has cartridge feed ramp including reloading cartridge guided in horizontal delay block, where abutment surface laterally displaces position of firing pin
    DE102009058551A1 (en) * 2009-12-17 2011-09-29 Markus Wimmer Backstroke-operated, automatic closure system for firearms, has rotary locking cylinder, which carries supporting lock, which has part acting on breechblock carrier

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    US7137217B2 (en) * 2004-05-28 2006-11-21 Knight's Armament Company Auto-loading firearm mechanisms and methods
    KR100726193B1 (en) 2004-06-22 2007-06-11 국방과학연구소 Breechblock locking and short- recoiled type shooting device
    US20060048426A1 (en) * 2004-09-08 2006-03-09 Crandall David L Separating firearm sear
    US7634959B2 (en) * 2004-09-08 2009-12-22 Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc Forwardly-placed firearm fire control assembly
    US7661220B2 (en) * 2004-09-09 2010-02-16 Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc Firearm trigger assembly
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    US11022386B2 (en) 2019-08-15 2021-06-01 Smith & Wesson Inc. Firearm breech cover interlock
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    Cited By (4)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    DE102008029147A1 (en) 2008-06-19 2009-12-24 Markus Wimmer Backstroke operatable, lockable and automatic locking system for pistol, has cartridge feed ramp including reloading cartridge guided in horizontal delay block, where abutment surface laterally displaces position of firing pin
    DE102008029147B4 (en) * 2008-06-19 2012-01-19 Markus Wimmer Recoil-operated, locked, self-closing firing system for firearms
    DE102009058551A1 (en) * 2009-12-17 2011-09-29 Markus Wimmer Backstroke-operated, automatic closure system for firearms, has rotary locking cylinder, which carries supporting lock, which has part acting on breechblock carrier
    DE102009058551B4 (en) * 2009-12-17 2012-10-18 Markus Wimmer Advanced, recoil-operated automatic firing system that opens in the firing direction

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    KR970700855A (en) 1997-02-12
    JPH11500522A (en) 1999-01-12
    DE69512005D1 (en) 1999-10-14
    WO1996018860A1 (en) 1996-06-20
    US5827991A (en) 1998-10-27
    EP0717254A1 (en) 1996-06-19
    IL116329A0 (en) 1996-03-31
    ES2092458T3 (en) 2000-01-01
    CZ237496A3 (en) 1997-03-12
    ES2092458T1 (en) 1996-12-01
    DE69512005T2 (en) 2000-04-13
    DE717254T1 (en) 1997-04-03
    IL116329A (en) 1999-09-22
    BE1009141A3 (en) 1996-12-03
    RO114190B1 (en) 1999-01-29
    ZA9510539B (en) 1996-08-07

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