EP0024024B1 - Selflubricating gear pump - Google Patents

Selflubricating gear pump Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0024024B1
EP0024024B1 EP80104557A EP80104557A EP0024024B1 EP 0024024 B1 EP0024024 B1 EP 0024024B1 EP 80104557 A EP80104557 A EP 80104557A EP 80104557 A EP80104557 A EP 80104557A EP 0024024 B1 EP0024024 B1 EP 0024024B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gear pump
pump
gear
channels
lubrication
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80104557A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0024024A1 (en
Inventor
Geza Dr. Hidasi
Karl Zill
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hoechst AG
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Hoechst AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hoechst AG filed Critical Hoechst AG
Publication of EP0024024A1 publication Critical patent/EP0024024A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0024024B1 publication Critical patent/EP0024024B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C15/00—Component parts, details or accessories of machines, pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C2/00 - F04C14/00
    • F04C15/0088—Lubrication

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a gear pump with self-lubricating device, in which channels for supplying and discharging a partial flow of the conveyed medium to and from the bearings of the pump and conveying means for transporting the partial flow are provided on the shafts of the pump.
  • Gear pumps are often used for the transport and dosing of viscous media, such as. B. melting of high polymers used.
  • Lubrication of the bearings poses a particular problem. In order to avoid contamination of the medium to be pumped, no conventional lubricants such as oils, greases or graphite can be used here; lubrication must be done with the transported medium itself.
  • a gear pump is known from DE-A-1 528 965, in which wing-like devices are arranged on the end faces of the gear shaft.
  • the shaft ends of a gear pump are provided with spirally arranged grooves, so that lubrication is conveyed by the rotation of the shafts.
  • an oil pump for a compressor in the manner of a rotary vane pump is known.
  • This oil pump essentially consists of a freely rotatable internal gear external gear and an internal gear arranged eccentrically and driven by the compressor shaft.
  • the dimensioning of the lubrication channels is determined by two conflicting requirements. On the one hand, it must be ensured that melt flows continuously through the lubrication channels. Any hindrance to the melt flow leads to longer dwell times in the lubrication channel system, which promotes thermal degradation. The deposition of decomposition products creates further friction losses for the flow until, due to this self-reinforcing effect, a total blockage of the lubrication channels occurs, which usually results in the affected bearings seizing up. This clogging of the lubrication channels can also be triggered by solid particles such as matting agents or pigments. Larger lubrication channels would avoid this clogging, but lead to an inadmissible increase in the leak rate, which is particularly disruptive for gear pumps with a high delivery rate and high pressure.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a gear pump with a self-lubricating device in which sufficiently large lubrication channels can be used while avoiding a leak rate of the gear pump caused thereby.
  • gear pumps or screw conveyors are arranged coaxially to the shafts and that one element of the cooperating elements of this funding is located centrally within the shaft and is immovably connected to the housing of the gear pump, and the other with the shaft turns.
  • the funding takes over the lubricant, a partial flow of the melt, which reaches the bearing bushes from the discharge side of the gear pump via one or more lubrication channels and conveys it through bores in the shafts in the direction of the opposite bearing bushes.
  • the melt reaches the discharge side of the pump again through lubrication channels in these bearing bushes.
  • the conveying means only need to build up a pressure which is sufficient for the transport of the lubricant through the lubrication channels.
  • large lubrication channels can be selected in the device according to the invention which do not become clogged due to deposits.
  • the forced conveyance also prevents excessive dwell times of the melt in the lubrication channels, which could lead to thermal degradation of the melt.
  • the medium to be delivered flows to the pump via the suction side 1 and is conveyed to the pressure side 9 by rotating two intermeshing gear wheels 2 in opposite directions.
  • the gearwheel shafts 3, 3a are mounted in bushes 4, 4a, which seal the end of the gearwheels.
  • a shaft journal 5 is guided via sealing devices known per se (not shown) from the otherwise closed pump housing 6 to the drive unit (not shown).
  • a screw conveyor 10 is housed in a concentric bore, which is connected to the housing end face 8 by means of a pin 11 and GE is secured against rotation. If you now start the pump, the shaft turns around the stationary screw and the system works like an extruder.
  • the partial flow of the medium used for lubrication now flows from the pressure side 9 via the channels 12 in the front bearing bushes 4a, the channels 13 (lubrication grooves for the bearing bushes 4a) and the channels 14 in the housing front side 8 to the suction side of the screw conveyor 10.
  • the medium is conveyed to the opposite bearing and flows via channel 16 or the bore 17 and the ring channel 7, the channels 18 (lubrication grooves for the bearing bushes 4) and the channels 19 to the pressure side 9 of the pump.
  • gear pumps housed in the shafts serve to convey the lubricant through the shafts instead of screws in the shafts.
  • These pumps themselves rotate with the shafts, their drive pins 15 are held in the end wall 8.
  • This funding consists of the pinion 15 held by the gear 22 and the gears 20 and 21 running around this gear 22.
  • the lubricant passes from the pressure side 9 of the pump via the channels 12, 13, 14 and 24 to the funding (gear pump) and there through the channels 16 or the bores 17 and 18 and 19 via the bearing bushes 4 back to the pressure side 9 of the gear pump.
  • the partial flow of the melt used for lubrication is removed from the pressure side of the gear pump and also guided there again.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Zahnradpumpe mit Selbstschmiereinrichtung, bei der Kanäle zum Zuführen und wieder Abführen eines Teilstroms des geförderten Mediums zu und von den Lagern der Pumpe und Fördermittel für den Transport des Teilstroms an den Wellen der Pumpe vorhanden sind.The present invention relates to a gear pump with self-lubricating device, in which channels for supplying and discharging a partial flow of the conveyed medium to and from the bearings of the pump and conveying means for transporting the partial flow are provided on the shafts of the pump.

Zahnradpumpen werden häufig für den Transport und die Dosierung von viskosen Medien, wie z. B. Schmelzen von Hochpolymeren benutzt. Ein besonderes Problem ergibt dabei die Schmierung der Lager. Um Verunreinigungen des zu fördernden Mediums zu vermeiden, können hier keine üblichen Schmiermittel, wie Öle, Fette oder Graphit verwendet werden; die Schmierung muß mit dem transportierten Medium selbst erfolgen.Gear pumps are often used for the transport and dosing of viscous media, such as. B. melting of high polymers used. Lubrication of the bearings poses a particular problem. In order to avoid contamination of the medium to be pumped, no conventional lubricants such as oils, greases or graphite can be used here; lubrication must be done with the transported medium itself.

Bei bekannten Zahnradpumpen erfolgt diese Schmierung der Lager durch das geförderte Medium derart, daß ein Teilstrom des geförderten Mediums von der Druckseite der Pumpe über Schmierkanäle zu den Lagern und zurück zur Saugseite geführt wird. Eine derartige Zahnradpumpe ist nach der japanischen Offenlegungsschrift 75 010 402 bekannt. Diese Art der Schmierung bedeutet eine bewußt herbeigeführte innere Leckage der Pumpe, wodurch die Pumpenleistung um die so erzeugte Leckage vermindert wird.In known gear pumps, this lubrication of the bearings by the pumped medium takes place in such a way that a partial flow of the pumped medium is guided from the pressure side of the pump via lubrication channels to the bearings and back to the suction side. Such a gear pump is known from Japanese laid-open specification 75 010 402. This type of lubrication means a deliberately caused internal leakage of the pump, whereby the pump performance is reduced by the leakage thus generated.

Zur Unterstützung des Schmiereffektes ist nach der DE-A-1 528 965 eine Zahnradpumpe bekannt, bei der auf den Stirnflächen der Zahnradwellen flügelartige Vorrichtungen angordnet sind. Nach der GB-A-322 778 sind die Wellenenden einer Zahnradpumpe mit spiralförmig angeordneten Rillen versehen, so daß durch die Rotation der Wellen Schmiermittel gefördert wird.To support the lubricating effect, a gear pump is known from DE-A-1 528 965, in which wing-like devices are arranged on the end faces of the gear shaft. According to GB-A-322 778, the shaft ends of a gear pump are provided with spirally arranged grooves, so that lubrication is conveyed by the rotation of the shafts.

Ferner ist nach DE-A-2 233 580 eine Ölpumpe für einen Kompressor nach Art einer Drehschieberpumpe bekannt. Diese Ölpumpe besteht im wesentlichen aus einem frei drehbaren innenverzahnten äußeren Zahnrad und einem darin exzentrisch angeordneten und von der Kompressorwelle angetriebenen inneren Zahnrad.Furthermore, according to DE-A-2 233 580, an oil pump for a compressor in the manner of a rotary vane pump is known. This oil pump essentially consists of a freely rotatable internal gear external gear and an internal gear arranged eccentrically and driven by the compressor shaft.

Die Dimensionierung der Schmierkanäle wird von zwei gegensätzlichen Forderungen bestimmt. Einserseits muß gewährleistet sein, daß ununterbrochen Schmelze durch die Schmierkanäle fließt. Eine wie immer geartete Behinderung des Schmelzstroms führt zu längeren Verweilzeiten im Schmierkanalsystem, wodurch ein thermischer Abbau begünstigt wird. Die sich ablagernden Zersetzungsprodukte erzeugen weitere Reibungsverluste für die Strömung, bis aufgrund dieses sich selbst verstärkenden Effektes eine totale Verstopfung der Schmierkanäle auftritt, die in der Regel ein Festlaufen der betroffenen Lager zur Folge hat. Dieses Zusetzen der Schmierkanäle kann durch Feststoffpartikel, wie Mattierungsstoffe oder Pigmente ebenfalls ausgelöst werden. Größere Schmierkanäle würden dieses Zusetzen vermeiden, führen aber zu einem unzulässigen Anwachsen der Leckrate, was sich besonders störend bei Zahnradpumpen mit großer Förderleistung und großem Druck bemerkbar macht.The dimensioning of the lubrication channels is determined by two conflicting requirements. On the one hand, it must be ensured that melt flows continuously through the lubrication channels. Any hindrance to the melt flow leads to longer dwell times in the lubrication channel system, which promotes thermal degradation. The deposition of decomposition products creates further friction losses for the flow until, due to this self-reinforcing effect, a total blockage of the lubrication channels occurs, which usually results in the affected bearings seizing up. This clogging of the lubrication channels can also be triggered by solid particles such as matting agents or pigments. Larger lubrication channels would avoid this clogging, but lead to an inadmissible increase in the leak rate, which is particularly disruptive for gear pumps with a high delivery rate and high pressure.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, eine Zahnradpumpe mit Selbstschmiereinrichtung zu schaffen, bei der hinreichend große Schmierkanäle unter Vermeidung einer hierdurch hervorgerufenen Leckrate der Zahnradpumpe benutzt werden können.The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a gear pump with a self-lubricating device in which sufficiently large lubrication channels can be used while avoiding a leak rate of the gear pump caused thereby.

Die Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß als Fördermittel Zahnradpumpen oder Förderschnekken koaxial zu den Wellen angeordnet sind, und daß von den zusammenarbeitenden Elementen dieser Fördermittel das eine Element zentral innerhalb der Welle gelegen ist und unbeweglich mit dem Gehäuse der Zahnradpumpe verbunden ist, und das andere mit der Welle dreht.The object is achieved in that gear pumps or screw conveyors are arranged coaxially to the shafts and that one element of the cooperating elements of this funding is located centrally within the shaft and is immovably connected to the housing of the gear pump, and the other with the shaft turns.

Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand der lediglich Beispiele zeigenden Figuren näher erläutert.

  • Figur 1 zeigt die erfindungsgemäße Zahnradpumpe mit einer Förderschnecke als Fördermittel für die Schmiermittel zur Zwangsschmierung der Lagerbuchsen der Pumpe geschnitten;
  • Figur 2 zeigt den Schnitt 11-11 der Figur 1;
  • Figur 3 die Verwendung einer Zahnradpumpe als Fördermittel für die Schmiermittel;
  • Figur 4 die Einzelheit »Z« der Figur 3;
  • Figur 5 die Ansicht der Einzelheit »Z«.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the figures, which only show examples.
  • Figure 1 shows the gear pump according to the invention with a screw conveyor as a conveyor for the lubricant for forced lubrication of the bearing bushes of the pump cut;
  • Figure 2 shows the section 11-11 of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 shows the use of a gear pump as a funding for the lubricant;
  • Figure 4 shows the detail "Z" of Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 shows the view of the detail "Z".

Die Fördermittel übernehmen das Schmiermittel, einen Teilstrom der Schmelze, das von der Austragsseite der Zahnradpumpe über einen oder mehrere Schmierkanäle in die Lagerbuchsen gelangt und fördern es über Bohrungen in den Wellen in Richtung der gegenüberliegenden Lagerbuchsen. Durch Schmierkanäle in diesen Lagerbuchsen gelangt die Schmelze wieder zur Austragsseite der Pumpe. Die Fördermittel brauchen nur einen Druck aufzubauen, der für den Transport des Schmiermittels durch die Schmierkanäle ausreicht. Für den Schmelzeteilstrom zur Lagerschmierung können bei der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung große Schmierkanäle gewählt werden, die sich nicht durch Ablagerungen zusetzen. Die Zwangsförderung verhindert auch zu große Verweilzeiten der Schmelze in den Schmierkanälen, die zu einem thermischen Abbau der Schmelze führen könnten.The funding takes over the lubricant, a partial flow of the melt, which reaches the bearing bushes from the discharge side of the gear pump via one or more lubrication channels and conveys it through bores in the shafts in the direction of the opposite bearing bushes. The melt reaches the discharge side of the pump again through lubrication channels in these bearing bushes. The conveying means only need to build up a pressure which is sufficient for the transport of the lubricant through the lubrication channels. For the partial melt flow for bearing lubrication, large lubrication channels can be selected in the device according to the invention which do not become clogged due to deposits. The forced conveyance also prevents excessive dwell times of the melt in the lubrication channels, which could lead to thermal degradation of the melt.

Bei der Zahnradpumpe nach Figur 1 strömt das zu fördernde Medium der Pumpe über die Saugseite 1 zu und wird durch gegensinniges Drehen zweier ineinander greifender Zahnräder 2 zur Druckseite 9 gefördert. Die Zahnradwellen 3, 3a sind in Buchsen 4, 4a gelagert, welche die Zahnräder stirnseitig abdichten. Ein Wellenzapfen 5 ist über an sich bekannte Abdichtvorrichtungen (nicht gezeigt) aus dem sonst geschlossenen Pumpengehäuse 6 zum Antriebsaggregat (nicht gezeigt) geführt. In jeder Welle ist in einer konzentrischen Bohrung eine Förderschnecke 10 untergebracht, welche mit Hilfe eines Zapfens 11 mit der Gehäusestirnseite 8 verbunden und gegen Drehung gesichert ist. Setzt man nun die Pumpe in Betrieb, dreht sich die Welle um die stehende Schnecke und das System arbeitet in der Art eines Extruders. Der zur Schmierung dienende Teilstrom des Mediums strömt nun von der Druckseite 9 über die Kanäle 12 in den stirnseitigen Lagerbuchsen 4a, die Kanäle 13 (Schmiernuten für die Lagerbuchsen 4a) und die Kanäle 14 in der Gehäusestirnseite 8 zur Saugseite der Förderschnecke 10. Durch die Schnecken wird das Medium zum jeweils gegenüberliegenden Lager gefördert und strömt über Kanal 16 bzw. die Bohrung 17 und den Ringkanal 7, die Kanäle 18 (Schmiernuten für die Lagerbuchsen 4) sowie die Kanäle 19 zur Druckseite 9 der Pumpe.In the gear pump according to FIG. 1, the medium to be delivered flows to the pump via the suction side 1 and is conveyed to the pressure side 9 by rotating two intermeshing gear wheels 2 in opposite directions. The gearwheel shafts 3, 3a are mounted in bushes 4, 4a, which seal the end of the gearwheels. A shaft journal 5 is guided via sealing devices known per se (not shown) from the otherwise closed pump housing 6 to the drive unit (not shown). In each shaft, a screw conveyor 10 is housed in a concentric bore, which is connected to the housing end face 8 by means of a pin 11 and GE is secured against rotation. If you now start the pump, the shaft turns around the stationary screw and the system works like an extruder. The partial flow of the medium used for lubrication now flows from the pressure side 9 via the channels 12 in the front bearing bushes 4a, the channels 13 (lubrication grooves for the bearing bushes 4a) and the channels 14 in the housing front side 8 to the suction side of the screw conveyor 10. Through the screws the medium is conveyed to the opposite bearing and flows via channel 16 or the bore 17 and the ring channel 7, the channels 18 (lubrication grooves for the bearing bushes 4) and the channels 19 to the pressure side 9 of the pump.

Bei der in Figuren 3 bis 5 dargestellten Pumpe wird das gleiche Prinzip verwendet, hier dienen jedoch zur Förderung des Schmiermittels durch die Wellen anstelle von Schnecken in den Wellen selbst untergebrachte Zahnradpumpen. Diese Pumpen selbst drehen sich mit den Wellen, ihre Antriebszapfen 15 werden in der Stirnwand 8 festgehalten. Diese Fördermittel bestehen also aus dem durch Zapfen 15 festgehaltenen Zahnrad 22 und den um dieses Zahnrad 22 laufenden Zahnrädern 20 und 21. Das Schmiermittel gelangt von der Druckseite 9 der Pumpe über die Kanäle 12, 13, 14 und 24 zum Fördermittel (Zahnradpumpe) und von dort durch die Kanäle 16 bzw. die Bohrungen 17 und 18 und 19 über die Lagerbuchsen 4 wieder zur Druckseite 9 der Zahnradpumpe.The same principle is used in the pump shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, but here gear pumps housed in the shafts serve to convey the lubricant through the shafts instead of screws in the shafts. These pumps themselves rotate with the shafts, their drive pins 15 are held in the end wall 8. This funding consists of the pinion 15 held by the gear 22 and the gears 20 and 21 running around this gear 22. The lubricant passes from the pressure side 9 of the pump via the channels 12, 13, 14 and 24 to the funding (gear pump) and there through the channels 16 or the bores 17 and 18 and 19 via the bearing bushes 4 back to the pressure side 9 of the gear pump.

Bei diesen beispielhaft gezeigten Ausführungsformen der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung wird der zur Schmierung benutzte Teilstrom der Schmelze von der Druckseite der Zahnradpumpe entnommen und auch wieder dorthin geführt. Im Rahmen der Erfindung ist es jedoch ebenso möglich, den der Schmierung dienenden Teilstrom des transportierten Mediums auf der Saugseite der Pumpe zu entnehmen und dorthin zurückzuführen oder den Teilstrom in oder gegen die Richtung des Hauptschmelzeflusses zwischen Saug- und Druckseite zu befördern.In these exemplary embodiments of the device according to the invention, the partial flow of the melt used for lubrication is removed from the pressure side of the gear pump and also guided there again. In the context of the invention, however, it is also possible to remove the partial flow of the transported medium serving the lubrication on the suction side of the pump and to return it there, or to convey the partial flow in or against the direction of the main melt flow between the suction and pressure side.

Claims (4)

1. Gear pump having an automatic lubricator, in which channels are provided for delivering a part-stream of the conveyed medium to the bearings of the pump and discharging it again from the said bearings, and conveying means for delivering the part-stream are provided at the shafts of the pump, characterized in that gear pumps (20, 21, 22) or screw conveyors (10) as conveying means are mounted coaxially to the shafts (3, 3a) of the pump and that one element (10, 22) of the cooperating elements of said conveying means is located centrically within the shaft and fixed to the housing of the gear pump and the other element rotates with the shaft.
2. Gear pump according to claim 1, characterized in that delivery channels and discharge channels connect the delivery side (9) of the gear pump to the bearings.
3. Gear pump according to claim 1, characterized in that delivery channels and discharge channels connect the suction side (1) of the gear pump to the bearings.
4. Gear pump according to claim 1, characterized in that the delivery channels connect the suction side (1) of the gear pump and the discharge channels connect the delivery side (9) of the gear pump to the bearings.
EP80104557A 1979-08-10 1980-08-01 Selflubricating gear pump Expired EP0024024B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2932464 1979-08-10
DE19792932464 DE2932464A1 (en) 1979-08-10 1979-08-10 GEAR PUMP WITH SELF LUBRICATION DEVICE

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0024024A1 EP0024024A1 (en) 1981-02-18
EP0024024B1 true EP0024024B1 (en) 1985-02-13

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80104557A Expired EP0024024B1 (en) 1979-08-10 1980-08-01 Selflubricating gear pump

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US (1) US4629405A (en)
EP (1) EP0024024B1 (en)
DE (2) DE2932464A1 (en)

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US6179594B1 (en) 1999-05-03 2001-01-30 Dynisco, Inc. Air-cooled shaft seal
US6213745B1 (en) 1999-05-03 2001-04-10 Dynisco High-pressure, self-lubricating journal bearings
US7143866B2 (en) * 2000-11-16 2006-12-05 Wld, Llc Strand lubrication
JP4947884B2 (en) * 2004-08-20 2012-06-06 住友重機械工業株式会社 Method for manufacturing pin of planetary rotating member of planetary reduction mechanism
CN102003244A (en) * 2010-11-27 2011-04-06 湖南机油泵股份有限公司 Three-helical gear oil pump
US9482225B2 (en) 2012-06-04 2016-11-01 Honeywell International Inc. Gear pump, pumping apparatus including the same, and aircraft fuel system including gear pump
DE102016225869A1 (en) * 2016-12-21 2018-06-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh External gear pump for a waste heat recovery system
CN115111155B (en) * 2022-08-30 2022-11-11 成都东日瑞姆机械有限公司 A gear pump for new forms of energy battery module injecting glue

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2932464A1 (en) 1981-02-26
EP0024024A1 (en) 1981-02-18
DE3070155D1 (en) 1985-03-28
US4629405A (en) 1986-12-16

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