EP0023469B1 - Post-traitement au moyen d'ammoniac liquide de matériaux cellulosiques fibreux apprêtes par un agent ignifugeant - Google Patents

Post-traitement au moyen d'ammoniac liquide de matériaux cellulosiques fibreux apprêtes par un agent ignifugeant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0023469B1
EP0023469B1 EP80810081A EP80810081A EP0023469B1 EP 0023469 B1 EP0023469 B1 EP 0023469B1 EP 80810081 A EP80810081 A EP 80810081A EP 80810081 A EP80810081 A EP 80810081A EP 0023469 B1 EP0023469 B1 EP 0023469B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
process according
liquid ammonia
treatment
fibrous material
agent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80810081A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0023469A1 (fr
Inventor
Fritz Mayer
Svein Dr. Holtermann
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Novartis AG
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Ciba Geigy AG
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Publication of EP0023469A1 publication Critical patent/EP0023469A1/fr
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Publication of EP0023469B1 publication Critical patent/EP0023469B1/fr
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/58—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with nitrogen or compounds thereof, e.g. with nitrides
    • D06M11/59—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with nitrogen or compounds thereof, e.g. with nitrides with ammonia; with complexes of organic amines with inorganic substances
    • D06M11/61—Liquid ammonia
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
    • D06M2101/06—Vegetal fibres cellulosic

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the aftertreatment of cellulose-containing fiber materials refined with flame retardants with liquid ammonia.
  • the paper by Lewin and co-workers pretreat the fiber material with liquid ammonia, then replace the ammonia with water and finally equip the material with the flame retardant
  • the treatment leads to flame retardant equipment that is not permanent and to a stiff grip of the treated material.
  • these disadvantages are unexpectedly avoided by providing the cellulose-containing material with a flame retardant in a first stage, then washing it in a second stage and then treating it with liquid ammonia in a third stage, a condensation product of tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) being used as the flame retardant.
  • phosphonium chloride with urea a self-condensation product of tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) -phosphonium chloride or hydroxide or an N-methylolated dimethyl or diethylphosphono-propionic acid amide is used.
  • the cellulose-containing material refined with flame retardants of the specified type, optionally colored and brightened, is also produced, which has been after-treated with liquid ammonia by the process according to the invention.
  • the flame retardants which are used in step (a) of the process according to the invention are commercially available. Mixtures of these flame retardants can also be used together with crease-resistant, hydrophobic and / or soft-grip agents. Different, commercially available flame retardants, crease-resistant, hydrophobic or soft-grip agents can also be used together.
  • Fluoroalkyl phosphates and / or fluoroalkyl methacrylates can also be used as water repellents and / or oil repellents, optionally fatty acid-modified and etherified aminoplast precondensates as crease-resistant, water repellents and / or soft-grip agents.
  • aminoplast formers are understood to be methylolizable nitrogen compounds, preferably those of the urea and s-triazine series.
  • nitrogen compounds are, for example, cyanamide, dicyandiamide, guanidine, biuret, urethane, alkylene or propylene urea optionally substituted by hydroxy, ethylene Ethylene diurea, preferably urea itself, unsubstituted ethylene urea, and also cyanuric acid, ammeline, ammelide, acetoguanamine, benzoguanamine, acetoguanide, acetoguanamide, uron,.
  • Oxodiazine preferably triazone, triazine and in particular melamine mentioned.
  • aminoplast precondensates are understood to be the addition products of formaldehyde to these methylolated nitrogen compounds.
  • Preferred aminoplast precondensates are thus e.g. a methylolated urea or ethylene urea or a methylolated triazine or melamine.
  • the preferred textile finishing agents which can be used together with the flame retardants of the type mentioned are, if appropriate, fluoroalkyl or bis (fluoroalkyl) ammonium phosphates having 6 to 24 fluorine atoms and 4 to 28 carbon atoms in each fluoroalkyl radical, fluoroalkyl methacrylates having 4 to 15 fluorine atoms and 5 to 16 carbon atoms in the fluoroalkyl radical and / or condensation products of stearic acid with a methylolated melamine etherified with methyl or ethyl as a hydrophobizing or oleophobicizing agent, condensation products of a urea-stearic acid adduct with a methylolated, hydroxy-substituted ethylene urea and / or with a Methyl or ethyl substituted triazone as a crease-resistant agent and / or condensation products of a methylolated stearic acid
  • Examples of specific representatives of any oil and water repellents that may be used include Bis (perfluoroalkylmethyl) -, bis (1 H, 1H-pentadecafluorooctyl) -, bis (1 H, 1 H, 9H - hexadecafluorononyl) ammonium phosphate and 1 H, 1 H, 2H, 2H-heptadecafluorodecyl methacrylate and similar fluorine compounds which, for example in British patents 939 902, 971 732, 1 010 539 and 1 011 612.
  • a specific hydrophobizing agent i.a. a condensation product of stearic acid with hexamethylolmelamine hexamethyl ether
  • a specific softening agent that may be used, among others.
  • a condensation product of stearic acid methyloiamide with hexamethylolmelamine hexamethyl ether as an example of a specific anti-crease agent that may be used called a condensation product of a reactive stearylurea derivative with a mixture of dimethyloldihydroxyethylene urea and dimethylolmethyltriazon.
  • Tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium chloride condensation products from tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium chloride with urea or self-condensation products from tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium chloride or hydroxide are used as flame retardants e.g. in British Patents 1,075,033, 1,545,793 and 1,453,296.
  • 0.0'-Dimethyl-N-hydroxymethyl-phosphonopropionic acid amide which is of primary interest as a flame retardant, is e.g. in German Patent 1,469,281.
  • the flame retardants and any other textile finishing agents are generally used as commercially available aqueous formulations.
  • Such formulations are preferably in the form of aqueous emulsions and in particular in the form of aqueous solutions which are diluted with water to form aqueous preparations before use and applied to the fiber materials.
  • Such formulations or preparations can contain, in addition to the flame retardants mentioned, an aminoplast former or an aminoplast precondensate of the type already specified.
  • preferred aminoplast formers or precondensates are e.g. optionally methylolated and etherified with methyl or ethyl ureas or melamines, especially dimethylol urea, di- and trimethylol melamine and hexamethylol melamine-hexamethyl ether.
  • an N-methylolated O, O'-dimethyl- or diethylphosphono-propionic acid amide in particular O, O'-Dimethyl-N-
  • O, O'-Dimethyl-N- is used as the aqueous preparation which contains the flame retardant without any further finishing agents.
  • hydroxymethyl-phosphonopropionamide in the presence of a methylolated and optionally etherified with methyl or ethyl ether as aminoplast precondensate, in particular a mixture of di- and trimethylol melamine or hexamethylol melamine-hexamethyl ether.
  • the aqueous preparations which are applied to the fiber material contain 50 to 500 g / l of a flame retardant of the type specified, optionally in a mixture with further finishing agents and 0 to 100 g / l of an aminoplast former or precondensate, and in particular 200 to 400 g / l of a flame retardant alone and 20 to 100 g / i of an aminoplast precondensate.
  • aqueous, dilute preparations usually have an acidic to neutral or weakly alkaline pH, which is usually adjusted in the usual way by adding base or acid if necessary.
  • aqueous preparations of the flame retardants may optionally contain further additives in addition to an aminoplast former or precondensate.
  • further additives in addition to an aminoplast former or precondensate.
  • an addition of 0.1 to 0.5 g / l preparation of a high molecular weight polyethylene glycol advantageous.
  • Other other conventional plasticizers can be added to the preparations, e.g. an aqueous polyethylene or silicone oil emulsion.
  • Suitable copolymers can also be added to the preparations to improve the mechanical strength of the fibers, e.g. Copolymers of N-methylolacrylamide or cationic copolymers.
  • hardening catalysts or so-called latent acid catalysts for example ammonium Chloride, ammonium dihydrogen orthophosphate, phosphoric acid, magnesium chloride, zinc nitrate, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol hydrochloride can often prove to be advantageous.
  • buffer substances e.g. Sodium bicarbonate, di- and trisodium phosphate or triethanolamine.
  • halogenated paraffins to the aqueous preparations, if appropriate in combination with a polyvinyl halide compound.
  • the aqueous preparations can also contain proportions of organic solvents, which serve primarily as solubilizers for plasticizers, e.g. Dioxane, acetone, n-butyl glycol, isopropanol, ethanol or ethyl acetate. It may also be advantageous to add small amounts (e.g. 0.5 to 2 g / l) of wetting agents to the preparations, e.g. nonionic adducts of ethylene oxide with an alkylphenol, such as a condensation product of 1 mole of p-tert-nonylphenol and 6 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide.
  • organic solvents which serve primarily as solubilizers for plasticizers, e.g. Dioxane, acetone, n-butyl glycol, isopropanol, ethanol or ethyl acetate.
  • wetting agents e.g. nonionic adducts of ethylene oxide with an al
  • aqueous preparations of the flame retardants if appropriate together with further textile finishing agents, to the fiber materials is carried out in a manner known per se. So the fiber materials with the aqueous preparations by e.g. Spray, impregnate or plunge. However, preference is given to working with piece goods and impregnating them on a padder, which is usually loaded with the preparation at room temperature. In addition to this preferred padding process, the exhaust process can also be considered.
  • the flame retardants and any other textile finishing agents have been applied to the fiber material, they now have to be fixed on the fiber material.
  • This fixation can be done by various methods, e.g. according to the so-called wet or wet storage process, the ammonia fixing process or the heat setting process.
  • the completely wet fiber material is stored at about 40 to 60 ° C. for 12 to 48 hours, possibly rinsed and washed and then dried at about 60 to 100 ° C.
  • a similar procedure is used for the moisture fixation process, with the difference that the wet fiber material is dried to a residual moisture of about 2 to 20% before storage.
  • the treated fiber material is first gassed with ammonia in the moist state, whereby the temperature automatically increases to temperatures of e.g. rises to 80 ° C, or rinsed in an ammonia solution at 20 to 80 ° C, preferably 20 to 40 ° C and then e.g. dried at 60 to 100 ° C.
  • ammonia fixation process is preferred over the wet or wet storage process.
  • the so-called heat-setting process is of primary interest.
  • the impregnated fiber material is dried and subjected to a heat treatment.
  • the material is expediently used at temperatures up to 100 ° C, e.g. 60 to 100 ° C dried.
  • the material is then subjected to a heat treatment at temperatures above 100 ° C, e.g. Subject to 100 to 200 ° C, preferably 130 to 180 ° C, the duration of which can be shorter the higher the temperature. This duration of heating is e.g. 30 seconds to 10 minutes.
  • the material is washed and dried again in step (b) of the process according to the invention. Since phosphorus-containing flame retardants are usually applied from acidic aqueous preparations, it is necessary to wash the flame retardant equipment on the fiber material. For this purpose, the fiber material is washed with an aqueous solution which contains an acid-binding agent and optionally an oxidizing agent, and the material is used in e.g. 60 to 100 ° C dried.
  • the acid binding agent used is e.g. Sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate.
  • the aqueous washing solution contains 0.1 to 0.8, preferably 3 to 6 g / l of the oxidizing agent.
  • the after-washing is carried out at 20 to 90 ° C., preferably 60 to 80 ° C.
  • the material is expediently rinsed with water at 20 to 90 ° C, preferably 60 to 80 ° C and e.g. dried at 60 to 100 ° C.
  • the treatment of a fiber material with liquid ammonia is. e.g. in Melliand textile reports 8/1976, page 684.
  • Treatment must be below the boiling point of ammonia, i.e. be carried out at a maximum of -33 ° C (under atmospheric pressure).
  • the treatment is carried out in a closed device in which the ammonia is recovered in the gas state, liquefied and returned to the process. Such a device is also described on page 684 of Melliand Textile Reports 8/1976.
  • the fiber material is preferably post-treated with liquid ammonia for 0.1 to 10, in particular 1 to 6 seconds in the device described, in which the material is advantageously padded under tension in order to enable dimensional control.
  • the excess ammonia is removed by exposure to heat, for example dry heat, or preferably by steaming the fiber material, if appropriate under a slight vacuum removed, liquefied and recovered.
  • the textile material After finishing the post-treatment with liquid ammonia, the textile material, especially in the case of the application of tension in the post treatment, preferably subjected to mechanical shrinkage, as described, for example, in the textbook on textile chemistry by H. Rath, Springer-Verlag 1963, pages 146 to 148.
  • This mechanical shrinkage also called forced shrinkage or shrinkage
  • suitable apparatuses which are also described in the textbook by Rath, in which the fiber material is steamed and pressed between hot calenders in the wet state. This operation is also known as sanforizing. Desired shrinkage, preferably 1 to 10 percent of the length of the treated material, can be achieved with high calender temperatures, preferably 110 to 140 ° C.
  • the aftertreatment according to the invention with liquid ammonia of the fiber materials equipped with flame retardants has significant advantages.
  • the textile mechanical properties of the fiber materials such as handle, tear resistance, etc. are improved without the flame retardant effect and possibly its permanence being adversely affected.
  • This also applies to the whiteness of any optically brightened material. If colored material is used, it may even be possible an increase in the color strength can be achieved without influencing the shade.
  • the parts and percentages given in the examples below are always units by weight.
  • both the satin aftertreated with ammonia and the one not aftertreated is flame retardant even after 40 washes according to SNV 198 681.
  • the results of the determinations of the stiffness according to ASTM D 1388-64, the tear resistance according to SNV 198 461, the tear propagation resistance according to Elmendorf according to SNV 198 482 and the color strength of the untreated and the ammonia aftertreated satin are summarized in Table I below.
  • the color strength is determined colorimetrically, the relative value 100% being ascribed to the untreated satin as a reference.
  • Example 2 The procedure described in Example 1 is followed, except that a moleskin made of pure cotton and dyed gray with a vat dye is used with a weight per unit area of 350 g / m 2 .
  • Example 11 When testing the flame resistance, the same results as given in Example 1 are achieved.
  • the textile mechanical properties and the color strength are tested as in Example 1, the results being summarized in Table 11 below.
  • the poplin is then rinsed and dried as indicated in Example 1. Now part of the poplin is aftertreated with liquid ammonia, steamed and dried as indicated in Example 1.
  • Example 1 When testing the flame resistance, the same results as given in Example 1 are achieved.
  • the textile mechanical properties and the color strength are tested as indicated in Example 1, the results being summarized in Table III below.
  • Example 1 When testing the flame resistance, the same results as given in Example 1 are achieved.
  • both the body aftertreated with ammonia and the untreated body when testing water absorption according to Bundesmann according to DIN 53 888 and according to AATCC spray test 22-1971 can be described as water-repellent.
  • the textile mechanical properties and the color strength are tested as indicated in Example 1, the results being summarized in Table IV below.
  • Example 1 When testing the flame resistance, the same results as given in Example 1 are achieved.
  • the textile mechanical properties and the color strength are tested as indicated in Example 1, the results being summarized in Table V below.
  • Example 5 The procedure described in Example 5 is followed, but a satin made of pure cotton and dyed gray with a vat dye is used with a weight per unit area of 327 g / m 2 .
  • Example 1 When testing the flame resistance, the same results as given in Example 1 are achieved.
  • the textile mechanical properties and the color strength are tested as indicated in Example 1, the results being summarized in Table VI below.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Procédé d'apprêtage ignifuge ignifugation d'une matière fibreuse cellulosique, le cas échéant teintée et azurée caractérisé en ce que:
(a) on applique et on fixe sur les fibres un produit de condensation de chlorure de tétrakis (hydroxymé- thyl)-phosphonium avec de l'urée, un produit d'auto- condensation de chlorure ou dihydroxyde de tétrakis (hydroxyméthyl)-phosphonium ou bien un amide d'acide diméthyl- ou diéthylphosphono-propionique N-méthylolé en tant qu'agent ignifugeant,
(b) on post-lave et on sèche le matériau et
(c) on post-traite le matériau ainsi obtenu avec de l'ammoniac liquide.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'en plus de l'agent ignifugeant, on incorpore un agent formant l'aminoplaste ou un précondensat d'aminoplaste.
3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise comme agent ignifugeant un amide d'acide diméthyl- ou diéthylphosphono-propionique N-méthylolé en présence d'une méthylolée, éventuellement éthérée avec du méthyle ou de l'éthyle, en tant que précondensat d'aminoplaste.
4. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'en plus de l'agent ignifugeant, on utilise ou moins un agent d'infroissabilité, un agent hydrophobe et/ou un agent assouplissant.
5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'on fixe l'agent ignifugeant sur le matériau textile, selon le procédé de thermofixation, en séchant le matériau fibreux à 60 à 100° C et en le soumettant à un traitement thermique à 130 à 180°C pendant 0,5 à 10 minutes.
6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que on post-lave le matériau fibreux avec une solution aqueuse qui contient un agent liant les acides et qui contient éventuellement un agent d'oxydation et on sèche le matériau à 60 à 100°C.
7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que l'on post-traite le matériau fibreux avec de l'ammoniac liquide au plus à -33°C, le cas échéant sous tension.
8. Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que l'on élimine l'ammoniaque, après le post-traitement, par étuvage du matériau fibreux ou bien par de la chaleur sèche.
9. Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que l'on soumet le matériau fibreux, après le post-traitement sous tension, à un retrait mécanique.
10. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise, comme matériau fibreux cellulosique, des mélanges de fibres de cellulose avec au plus 70% en poids de fibres synthétiques.
EP80810081A 1979-07-16 1980-03-04 Post-traitement au moyen d'ammoniac liquide de matériaux cellulosiques fibreux apprêtes par un agent ignifugeant Expired EP0023469B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH660779 1979-07-16
CH6607/79 1979-07-16

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0023469A1 EP0023469A1 (fr) 1981-02-04
EP0023469B1 true EP0023469B1 (fr) 1983-07-20

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EP80810081A Expired EP0023469B1 (fr) 1979-07-16 1980-03-04 Post-traitement au moyen d'ammoniac liquide de matériaux cellulosiques fibreux apprêtes par un agent ignifugeant

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US (1) US4451262A (fr)
EP (1) EP0023469B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA1154561A (fr)
DE (1) DE3064187D1 (fr)
NO (1) NO154236C (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA1189665A (fr) * 1981-09-24 1985-07-02 Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Methode de modification de la fibre de cellulose regeneree
ZA826861B (en) * 1981-09-28 1983-07-27 Albright & Wilson Flameproofing textiles
US5139531A (en) * 1987-01-19 1992-08-18 Albright & Wilson Limited Fabric treatment processes
GB8713224D0 (en) * 1987-06-05 1987-07-08 Albright & Wilson Textile treatment
US5912196A (en) * 1995-12-20 1999-06-15 Kimberly-Clark Corp. Flame inhibitor composition and method of application
ATE389416T1 (de) 2000-05-16 2008-04-15 Genentech Inc Behandlung von knorpelerkrankungen
US6503875B1 (en) * 2000-08-18 2003-01-07 Ecolab Inc. Stabilized oxalic acid sour
EP1990468A1 (fr) * 2007-05-11 2008-11-12 Huntsman Textile Effects (Germany) GmbH Procédé destiné au traitement des matériaux fibreux absorbant le son
US8557347B1 (en) * 2009-05-04 2013-10-15 Matchmaster Dyeing & Finishing, Inc. Flame retardant fabrics and methods for manufacturing the same
CN113005764A (zh) * 2021-03-05 2021-06-22 鲁泰纺织股份有限公司 纯棉防水抗菌面料的制备方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL42697C (fr) * 1934-01-25
NL216480A (fr) * 1956-04-19 1900-01-01
NO118847B (fr) * 1964-04-25 1970-02-23 Sentralinst For Ind Forskning
US3498739A (en) * 1965-01-18 1970-03-03 Us Agriculture Preparation of crosslinked cotton textiles

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Publication number Publication date
NO154236B (no) 1986-05-05
NO154236C (no) 1986-08-20
US4451262A (en) 1984-05-29
CA1154561A (fr) 1983-10-04
EP0023469A1 (fr) 1981-02-04
DE3064187D1 (en) 1983-08-25
NO800614L (no) 1981-01-19

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