Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
  • H03G—CONTROL OF AMPLIFICATION
  • H03G3/00—Gain control in amplifiers or frequency changers
  • H03G3/001—Digital control of analog signals
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04H—BROADCAST COMMUNICATION
  • H04H60/00—Arrangements for broadcast applications with a direct linking to broadcast information or broadcast space-time; Broadcast-related systems
  • H04H60/02—Arrangements for generating broadcast information; Arrangements for generating broadcast-related information with a direct linking to broadcast information or to broadcast space-time; Arrangements for simultaneous generation of broadcast information and broadcast-related information
  • H04H60/04—Studio equipment; Interconnection of studios

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a device forming a multi-channel electronic attenuator with memorized settings.
• the present invention associates in particular a storage system with a plurality of adjustment units (similar to potentiometers) and further comprises a management system making it possible on the one hand to store a certain number of standard adjustments deemed satisfactory by the operator (we will speak later of "sets of adjustments") and, on the other hand, to instantly restore on the different adjustment units a previously saved combination.
• the invention essentially relates to a multi-channel signal processing system, characterized in that it comprises:
• a selector means interconnected between said memory and said adjustment units for choosing a group of storage units at the right rate of a storage unit per adjustment unit, each group constituting a set of adjustments which can be globally selected by said selector means, and
• control means interconnected between said selector means and said control means of all the adjustment units to place each adjustment unit in a state corresponding to the value of the storage unit of said selected group which corresponds to this adjustment unit .
• Each attenuator is equivalent to a conventional potentiometer with studs, which previously consisted of a mechanical switch with manual control and did not have the particularity of having several memorized settings, selectable by a simple operation.
• the device presented offers this last characteristic and its electronic constitution gives it great reliability as well as excellent flexibility of use.
• the possibility of making effective, in a very short period of time, a set of adjustments having been made previously by long and delicate manipulations constitutes a performance which opens up a whole field of applications.
• the attenuator setting values are discrete.
• the number of values is preferably limited to 16.
• the law of attenuation may be linear or not by suitably adapting the values of the resistances.
• FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of an embodiment of a processing system according to the invention
• FIG. 1 shows the equivalent structure of an electronically controlled attenuator usable in the system of Figure 1;
• FIG. 3 is a general view of a modular assembly constituting an adjustment unit usable in the system of Figure 1;
• FIG. 4 shows a more detailed block diagram of one of the possible embodiments of an adjustment unit
• FIG. 5 is a timing diagram illustrating the operation of this adjustment unit; and FIG. 6 represents a possible variant of a part of the adjustment unit, similar to FIG. 2.
• a microcomputer 1 has been represented, grouping together several sub-assemblies which will be detailed below, linked to a coded information memory 2 with direct access, for example in CMOS technology, protected from power cuts by an accumulator 3 charging tam ⁇ pon.
• the layout of the memory and its subdivision is ensured by a keyboard 4 which can also perform other specific functions.
• This keyboard is connected to microcomputer 1.
• the latter is also connected to a certain number (m in the present example) of adjustment units U 1 , U 2 , U 3 ...
• Each adjustment unit has a signal input (for example E 1 for U 1 ) and a signal output (for example S, for U 1 ) and in the case where it behaves like an attenuator, it has the equivalent structure of Figure 2 with a series connection of several resistors (preferably 16 resistors) such as R 1 , R 2 , .... R 15 forming a potentiometric circuit with a switch 8 with sixteen positions which, in the case of the invention, is an electronic switch.
• the coded information memory 2 comprises, as is conventional, a certain number of elementary memories b i (having two possible states) grouped in storage units.
• a storage unit comprises for example four elementary memories b 1 , b 2 , b 3 , b 4 , and it is assigned to an adjustment unit (for example U 1 ).
• an adjustment unit for example U 1 .
• there will be a certain number (p) of storage units for each adjustment unit that is to say ultimately the possibility of storing as many (p) of different combinations of adjustment or sets of settings. It is understood that the choice of 36 possible positions for the attenuator of FIG. 2 is interesting, since only four elementary memories make it possible to memorize the 16 possible positions, in the Decimal-Coded-Binary system.
• the keyboard may for example include p control keys making it possible to choose, via the microcomputer 1 one of the p combinations and to instantly position the m adjustment units.
• this microcomputer is a commercially available assembly, which therefore does not need to be described in detail.
• the main sub-assemblies carrying out the essential functions which are required of this computer the materialization of these sub-assemblies within the computer being carried out by means of a wired program, by means of a read-only memory, possibly re-programmable.
• This microcomputer therefore in fact mainly comprises a selector means 10 including the keyboard 4, interconnected between said memory 2 and said adjustment units to choose a group of storage units at the rate of one storage unit per adjustment unit, each group constituting a set of settings globally selectable by said selector means; and control means 11 interconnected between the selector means 10 and the control means of all the adjustment units U 1 , U 2 . . . . etc through the BUS wire strand.
• each adjustment unit includes a device for displaying its own state, that is to say with 16 light-emitting diodes D 1 .... D 16 , a diode corresponding to a state of the electronic switch .
• the control means of each adjustment unit include two keys R +, R- allowing, as will be seen below, both to modify in memory the state of a chosen memorization unit and the state of the corresponding adjustment, by successive increments or decrementations in the memory, via and under the management of the microcomputer 1.
• a start of cycle signal generator (RESET) is also provided in the microcomputer and. s, the pulses of frequency m times lower than that of the clock pulses are transmitted on another wire of the strand BUS.
• the four wires A, B, C, D are connected to four inputs Ea, Eb, Ec, Ed of a system of controlled doors 15 having an equivalent number of outputs Sa, Sb, Se, Sd connected to "Decimal-Coded-Binary" type inputs of an electronic switch 16 via buffer memories C t .
• the door system 15 is a three-state CMOS adapter comprising a transfer input T (or third-state control) connected to cyclic exploration means which will be described later.
• a suitable type of CMOS adapter is marketed by the company National Semiconductors under the reference MM 80 C 98 N. Its operation is as follows.
• the adapter 15 When a pulse is applied to its input T, the adapter 15 transmits the value displayed at each input to its corresponding output. In the absence of transfer pulse at input T, the circuit is disconnected and has a very high input impedance and a very high output impedance. This high output impedance is used to store the information transmitted in the parasitic input capacitors of the switch 16 which thus directly form the buffer memories C t , without the addition of additional components.
• the input impedance of the switch 16 being also very high, the information does not have time to deteriorate between two cycles, that is to say between two transfer pulses applied to the input T.
• the switch 16 is also of the CMOS type and is interconnected with the resistors R 1 -R 15 in potentiometric mounting in accordance with FIG. 2. A type of CMOS switch that can be used is marketed under the reference DG 506 by the company Siliconix.
• the display device consists of a Digital-Analog converter 17 with Decimal-Coded-Binary inputs whose four input terminals are connected to the corresponding four outputs of the adapter 15 and whose analog output 18 is connected to an analog input a 1 of a switch 19 with analog inputs, of the CMOS type.
• the other input a 2 is connected to the output S n of the adjustment unit U n or possibly to its signal input E n if a two-way switch (not shown) is provided for applying S n or E n at the entrance to 2 .
• the positioning of the switch 19 is adjusted by a signal applied to its input e generated by the microcomputer 1 and transmitted by an ANA / NUM wire of the BUS strand, via an additional door of the adapter 15.
• a switch with analog inputs usable as switch 19 is marketed under the reference DG 201 by the company Siliconix.
• the output of this switch 19 is connected to drive an electronic display control switch 20 driving the lamps light emitting D 1 ... D 16 .
• This switch is of the analog type, consisting of a set of 16 comparator amplifiers. An integrated circuit performing this function is marketed under the reference U AA170 by the firm Siemens.
• the adjustment unit U n can also include an indicator 21 with light-emitting diode controlled by an AND function with two inputs making it possible to identify whether this adjustment unit is in the course of modification of adjustment by means other than those proper to it. , and in particular by means of a remote keyboard, such as keyboard 4 if this is provided for this purpose.
• the AND gate of the indicator 21 is triggered by the conjunction of the same signal as that which is applied to the input T of the adapter 15 and an additional signal generated by the microcomputer 1 and transmitted on the MOD wire of the BUS strand.
• the light-emitting diode of the indicator 21 therefore starts to flash, warning the user that it is. this adjustment unit which is precisely being modified.
• the wires A, B, C, D constitute as many output links in series of the control means 11 on which are transmitted successively and in a predetermined order, in series, the information representative of the units storage (U 1 , U 2 ... U m ) chosen from one of the p groups forming a set of settings, by the selector means 10.
• the aforementioned cyclic exploration means are perfectly synchronized so that 'a transfer pulse. is applied to the input T of the set U n when the information representative of the corresponding storage unit chosen is actually present on the wires A, B, C, D.
• the aforementioned cyclic exploration means are arranged in synchronized validation means, in particular by said control means 11 and comprising in particular the two RAZ and ADR generators described above as well as a plurality of validation units 25 whose connection step by step constitutes the chaining 5 mentioned above. These units 25 are all coupled to the clock signal generator and to the cycle start generator, that is to say connected to the ADR and RESET wires of the BUS strand.
• each validation unit 25 includes a flip-flop 26, an input S of which is connected to a signal generator at the start of the cycle and of which an output Q is connected to a first input of a gate of the AND or NAND type with three inputs, 27, a second input of which is connected to the ADR clock signal generator and a third input of which is connected to the output the flip-flop of an adjacent validation unit via an inverter 28; the output of said door being connected to the aforementioned transfer input T of said system of controlled doors and another input R of said lever being connected to the output of said door by means of a monostable 29. The operation is the next.
• the microcomputer 1 includes a means of calculation and rewriting in memory 30 wired to add or subtract a unit from a number represented in a storage unit chosen by the selector means 10.
• This circuit 30 is therefore interconnected with the memory 2 and is accessible from the corresponding adjustment units by means of two wires INC and DEC of the BUS strand.
• the circuit is associated with the two control keys R +, R- respectively connected to two inputs of two respective doors, 31, 32, of the AND or NAND type with two inputs, the other two inputs being connected to the means cyclic exploration aforementioned and more particularly at the output of the AND gate 27.
• the outputs of the gates 31 and 32 are respectively connected to the wires INC and DEC, that is to say to the circuit 30 for respectively controlling the incrementation or the decrementation of the circuit 30 and the rewriting in memory.
• the content of the corresponding storage unit will increment gradually and the state of the potentiometric mounting (switch 16) will evolve in one direction. Pressing the R- button will cause a change in the other direction.
• simple CMOS type inverters integrated circuit 33
• CMOS inverters An integrated circuit of CMOS inverters is marketed under the reference MM74CO4N by the firm National Semiconductors. The system is designed so that the rate of evolution is approximately one position (increment or decrement) every half-second. It can be seen that the control system by keys R +, R- acts in fact on the state of the memory, which is permanently read by the microcomputer 1 in order to position and possibly cyclically update all the adjustment units as a function of the values (editable) from a preset and selected set of settings.
• FIG. 6 represents a partial diagram of a variant making it possible to replace the switch 16 of FIG. 4.
• the switch 16 with four inputs and sixteen positions of outputs is replaced by another electronic switch 16a, simpler, with four inputs allowing to receive as previously information in Decimal-Coded-Binair code but individually controlling four switches I 1 , I 2 , I 3 , I 4 .
• a reference voltage Ve is applied to four common terminals of the switches and the other four terminals are connected to resistors capable of being connected in parallel or not depending on the state of the corresponding switch.
• the value of resistors R, R / 2, R / 4, R / 8 corresponds to the binary weight of each of the switch inputs.
• the other terminals of these four resistors are interconnected with each other, so as to constitute a variable equivalent resistance connected to the inverting input of an amplifier A n .
• the gain of this amplifier is therefore variable and the output voltage Vs is representative of the information transmitted on the wires A, B, C, D of the strand BUS.
• This voltage Vs can be energetically filtered and serve as a gain control voltage applied to a variable gain amplifier (not shown but known per se) whose signal input constitutes the input. E n . In this way, no switching noise can mix with the signal.
• the system which has just been described is of interest for all applications where a set of attenuation settings, obtained a times, should be kept to be activated again at any time after another use of the adjustment units. This is the case in particular of measurement benches associated with instrumentation amplifiers and in the high-fidelity field where it is possible, for example, to optimize the reproduction of sounds by adjustments specific to the frequency bands.
• the assembly can also be introduced into a servo loop which also has a frequency analyzer and analog digital converters, thus obtaining the optimal automatic adjustment, frequency band by frequency band, of a whole installation for restoring sounds.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Signal Processing (AREA)
• Control By Computers (AREA)
• Control Of Amplification And Gain Control (AREA)

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• 1979
  • 1979-02-01 FR FR7902617A patent/FR2448193B1/fr not_active Expired
• 1980
  • 1980-01-28 JP JP50029080A patent/JPS55501203A/ja active Pending
  • 1980-01-28 WO PCT/FR1980/000010 patent/WO1980001632A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1980-02-01 IT IT19639/80A patent/IT1129608B/it active
  • 1980-08-15 EP EP80900242A patent/EP0023215A1/de not_active Ceased

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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