EP0022122B1 - Bending machine - Google Patents

Bending machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0022122B1
EP0022122B1 EP80890061A EP80890061A EP0022122B1 EP 0022122 B1 EP0022122 B1 EP 0022122B1 EP 80890061 A EP80890061 A EP 80890061A EP 80890061 A EP80890061 A EP 80890061A EP 0022122 B1 EP0022122 B1 EP 0022122B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bending
sheet metal
tool
crank
connecting rod
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EP80890061A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0022122A1 (en
Inventor
Hans Aschauer
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Cambio Ragione Sociale salvagnini SpA
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Voestalpine AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D5/00—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves
    • B21D5/04—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves on brakes making use of clamping means on one side of the work
    • B21D5/045—With a wiping movement of the bending blade

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a bending machine for folding sheet metal sheets with holding punches for clamping a sheet metal sheet and with at least one bending tool, which is movably mounted in two mutually perpendicular directions and has separate drives for the two directions of movement, one of the two drives from one Crank drive exists.
  • the bending tool In known bending machines of the usual type, the bending tool is pivotally mounted about an axis that lies at least approximately in the bending axis, so that during the bending process the bending tool always presses vertically against the sheet metal plate, which is bent due to the bending tool attack around the counter tool determining the bending axis.
  • the advantage of these bending machines is that bending angles of up to 1'50 ° can be achieved.
  • this pivotable mounting of the bending tool entails a construction for the support for the support of the stamp, which limits the free space in front of the insertion of the sheet metal, because the support for the support of the stamp must be designed to be torsionally rigid. The manipulation of the workpiece is thereby made even more difficult.
  • an upper and a lower bending tool are provided, these bending tools being arranged on the opposite legs of a cross-sectionally C-shaped carrier and with this carrier in the vertical direction opposite one another Pair of counter tools can be adjusted, which also serve to clamp the workpiece. Because of the linear drive movement of the bending tools, however, only a bending angle of up to 90 ° can be achieved with such a bending machine, which severely limits the possible design of the workpieces. However, it is advantageous that it can be bent in two directions, so that there is no need to turn the metal sheets frequently.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of improving a bending machine of the type described in such a way that, on the one hand, the movement of the bending tools can be adapted in a favorable manner to the required bending of the workpiece and, on the other hand, the workpiece can be bent gently.
  • crank rod of the drive designed as a crank drive carries the bending tool and in that the other drive acts on this crank rod.
  • the arrangement of the bending tool j of the crank rod of the crank mechanism ensures, in connection with the other drive engaging on this crank rod, a comparatively large swivel radius, which not only enables a larger stroke compared to the prior art to be achieved with comparable swivel angles, but also a gentler sheet metal treatment, because the bending tool hardly slides along the sheet.
  • the pivoting bearing of the crank rod on Crank pin of the crank mechanism offers the possibility to move the bending tool transversely to the stroke movement of the crank mechanism by swiveling the Kurhelstenae around the crank mechanism.
  • Elaborate backdrop guides can thus be avoided in a simple manner.
  • a sufficiently large space is created for a double-acting bending tool and for the already bent part of the sheet, so that two bends can also be made in one work step. Because of the unlimited BEWE g ungs- and driving ability of the bending tool are of course also bends in different directions possible can be eliminated so frequent turning of the workpiece.
  • crank rod carrying the bending tool runs approximately parallel to the clamping plane of the sheet metal plate, then the drive directions coincide with the main bending directions during the bending on and finishing bending, which not only has a favorable effect in terms of load, but also simplifies the control of the drives.
  • v.vrd ensured a favorable room division because the crank rod, which has to be dimensioned appropriately large as a support for the bending tool, is not in the way of the arrangement of the support of the counter tools. This support therefore does not have to be on the insertion side of the bending machine, so that there is sufficient space for the sheet metal manipulation.
  • crank rod of the drive for the one direction of movement engaging drive for the other direction of movement can also be designed as a crank drive, which allows the two drives to be easily matched to the desired tool movement, in particular for circular path sections.
  • the two crank mechanisms need only be of the same design.
  • both drives as crank drives also offers the possibility of driving both crank drives with the aid of a linkage articulated on a common anti-drive rocker.
  • the linkages can consist of simple connecting links.
  • With a common drive rocker separate control of the two drives can be omitted.
  • the common drive of the cube drives is limited to a specific tool path, which can only be changed by changing the central rotational positions of the crank drives, the cranks of which generally have an angle of rotation less than 180 °, or by changing the transmission ratio of the linkage.
  • the crank rod of the one drive which runs approximately parallel to the clamping plane of the metal sheets, has two bending tools located opposite one another in the manner of pliers, the length of the crank rod, which is directed transversely to the clamping plane, depending on the mutual distance between the two bending tools.
  • the length adjustability of the crank rod acting on the bending tools transversely to the clamping plane is necessary in order to be able to position both bending tools on the metal sheet.
  • the other bending tool is located at a distance from the workpiece which corresponds to the mutual distance of the bending tools.
  • crank rod carrying the bending tools In order to adjust the bending tool that is not in use, the crank rod carrying the bending tools must consequently be pivoted, which is carried out in the simplest manner by shortening or lengthening the crank rod of the other drive, which is directed transversely to the clamping plane.
  • the change of use of the two bending tools requires a reversal of the direction of movement of one of the two drives with regard to the tool path.
  • the two drives are each connected to a common drive rocker arm via a linkage, such a reversal of movement can be achieved in that the articulation point of one of the two stands on the drive rocker arm is adjustable between two positions opposite one another with respect to the pivot axis of the drive rocker arm. Since two points mounted diametrically with respect to an axis of rotation perform opposite movements during a rotation adjustment, the direction of movement of the crank drive connected via this linkage is reversed by a corresponding adjustment of the linkage point of the linkage.
  • the bending machine shown consists essentially of a frame 1 which has two bending tools 3a and 3b, which are arranged on a C-shaped support 2, are opposite one another like pliers, and two holding punches 4a and 4b, which act as counter tools for the Bending tools 3a and 3b are used.
  • the sheet metal plate 5 to be bent is clamped between the holding punches 4a and 4b, the holding punches 4a and 4b being supported on rigid and torsionally rigid box girders 6, of which the upper one can be raised and lowered in a manner not shown.
  • the C-shaped support 2 for the bending tools 3a and 3b is carried by a crank rod 7 of a crank mechanism 8, the crankshaft 9 of which is mounted in the frame 1.
  • the bending tools 3a and 3b can be moved essentially parallel to the clamping plane of the sheet metal plate 5 via this crank mechanism 8.
  • a further crank mechanism 10 is provided, the crankshaft 11 of which is mounted in the frame 1 and the crank rod 12 extending transversely to the clamping plane of the sheet metal plate 5 is articulated on the crank rod 7 of the crank mechanism 8.
  • the length of the crank rod -12 of the crank mechanism 10 is adjustable, which is achieved with the aid of a cylinder 13 according to the exemplary embodiment.
  • the upper bending tool 3a is used, as shown in FIGS. 1, 3 and 4, while to use the lower bending tool 3b, the cylinder 13 according to FIGS. S and 6 must be retracted.
  • each of the two bending tools can be moved along a circular path around the bending axis 14, as is shown for the upper bending tool 3a in FIG. 2.
  • the bending tool 3a From the fully drawn starting position, the bending tool 3a reaches its end position, indicated by dash-dotted lines, along the movement path 15, the sheet metal plate 5 being bent out of the clamping plane around the holding die 4b serving as a counter-tool. As a result, bending angles can be achieved that go far beyond 90 °.
  • the metal sheet 5 to be bent can be bent both upwards and downwards, so that a largely unlimited design possibility for the workpiece is ensured without having to turn the workpiece frequently.
  • the movement path 15 can be changed in shape and size in accordance with the requirements determined by the shape of the workpiece to be produced. For this reason, different bending tools and counter tools can advantageously be used.
  • a common drive rocker 16 is provided for driving the crank drives 8 and 10 and can be driven via a toothed segment 17 and a pinion 18 meshing with the toothed segment 17.
  • the crank mechanisms 8 and 10 are connected to this drive rocker 16 via a linkage 19 or 20, which in the simplest case consists of a connecting link. If the drive rocker 16 is pivoted about its axis of rotation 21 from the position shown in FIG. 3 into the position according to FIG. 4, the crank drives 8 and 10 are adjusted accordingly via the linkages 19 and 20, the tool 3a being used being moved through the crank mechanism 8 is pushed forward against the holding plungers 4a and 4b and at the same time is pressed downward via the crank mechanism 10, which results in a tool movement, as shown in FIG. 2 by the movement path 15. After this working stroke, the drive rocker 21 returns to its starting position, which results in the withdrawal of the bending tool 3a.
  • the cylinder 13 must first be acted upon in order to pivot the crank arm 7 of the crank mechanism 8 about the crank pin 22 in the direction of the bending tool 3b until the bending tool 3b assumes the position shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the lower bending tool 3b since bending is in opposite directions, the lower bending tool 3b must be pressed upward via the crank mechanism 10, which requires the direction of rotation of the crank mechanism 10 to be reversed.
  • this is achieved by displacing the articulation point 23 of the linkage 20 on the drive rocker 16, for which purpose a cylinder 24 is arranged on the drive rocker 16, via the piston rod of which the articulation point 23 is adjusted, while the articulation point 25 of the linkage 19 the drive arm remains unchanged.
  • the lower bending tool 3b must also be advanced against the holding punches 4a and 4b in order to achieve a correspondingly large bending angle.
  • crankshaft 11 of the crank mechanism 10 Since, according to the adjustment of the articulation point 23 of the linkage 20 to the opposite side of the drive rocker with respect to the pivot axis 21, the crankshaft 11 of the crank mechanism 10 is driven in opposite directions, the crank rod 7 is also pivoted in opposite directions about its crank pin 22, so that the lower bending tool 3b at the Drive movement engages behind the upper holding punch 4a, as indicated in Fig. 6.
  • the sheet metal plate 5 can thus be bent downwards or upwards in the same way.
  • the travel ranges can be changed via the angle of rotation of the crank mechanisms 8 and 10. This is for example due to a change in the pivoting angle of the drive arm 16 or an adjustment of the articulation points of the linkages 19, 20 on the crank drives or on the drive arm 16 possible.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Biegemaschine zum Abkanten von Blechtafeln mit Haltestempeln zum Einspannen einer Blechtafel und mit mindestens einem Biegewerkzeug, das in zwei etwa senkrecht zueinander stehenden Richtungen beweglich gelagert ist und gesonderte Antriebe für die beiden Bewegungsrichtungen aufweist, wobei einer der beiden Antriebe aus einem Kurbeltrieb besteht.The invention relates to a bending machine for folding sheet metal sheets with holding punches for clamping a sheet metal sheet and with at least one bending tool, which is movably mounted in two mutually perpendicular directions and has separate drives for the two directions of movement, one of the two drives from one Crank drive exists.

Bei bekannten Biegemaschinen üblicher Art ist das Biegewerkzeug um eine Achse schwenkbar gelagert, die zumindest angenähert in der Biegeachse liegt, so dass das Biegewerkzeug während des Biegevorganges stets senkrecht gegen die Blechtafel drückt, die auf Grund des Biegewerkzeupangriffes um das die Biegeachse bestimmende Gegenwerkzeug gebogen wird. Vorteilhaft bei diesen Biegemaschinen ist, dass Biegewinkel bis 1'50° erreicht werden können. Nachteilig ist jedoch, dass zufolge der Schwenklagerung des Biegewerkzeuges im Bereich der Biegeachse nur nach einer Richtung gebogen werden kann, was ein häufiges Wenden der Blechtafeln bedingt, wenn diese Blechtafeln Abkantunqen nach verschiedenen Seiten aufweisen sollen. Ausserdem zieht diese schwenkbare Lagerung des Biegewerkzeuges eine Konstruktion für die Haltestempelabstützung nach sich, die den freien Raum vor der Blechtafeleinführung beschränkt, weil die Haltestempelabstützung entsprechend torsionssteif ausgebildet werden muss. Die Manipulation des Werkstükkes wird dadurch zusätzlich erschwert.In known bending machines of the usual type, the bending tool is pivotally mounted about an axis that lies at least approximately in the bending axis, so that during the bending process the bending tool always presses vertically against the sheet metal plate, which is bent due to the bending tool attack around the counter tool determining the bending axis. The advantage of these bending machines is that bending angles of up to 1'50 ° can be achieved. However, it is disadvantageous that, due to the pivoting mounting of the bending tool in the area of the bending axis, it can only be bent in one direction, which necessitates frequent turning of the metal sheets if these metal sheets are to have bends on different sides. In addition, this pivotable mounting of the bending tool entails a construction for the support for the support of the stamp, which limits the free space in front of the insertion of the sheet metal, because the support for the support of the stamp must be designed to be torsionally rigid. The manipulation of the workpiece is thereby made even more difficult.

Bei einer anderen bekannten Biegemaschine (DE-A-2 839 978) sind ein oberes und ein unteres Biegewerkzeug vorgesehen, wobei diese Biegewerkzeuge an den einander gegenüberliegenden Schenkeln eines im Querschnitt C-förmigen Trägers zangenartig angeordnet sind und mit diesem Träger in vertikaler Richtung gegenüber einem Paar von Gegenwerkzeugen verstellt werden, die zugleich zum Einspannen des Werkstückes dienen. Wegen der geradlinigen Antriebsbewegung der Biegewerkzeuge können mit einer solchen Biegemaschine jedoch nur Biegewinkel bis zu 90° erreicht werden, wodurch die mögliche Gestaltung der Werkstücke stark beschränkt wird. Vorteilhaft ist allerdings, dass in zwei Richtungen gebogen werden kann, so dass sich ein häufiges Wenden der Blechtafeln erübrigt.In another known bending machine (DE-A-2 839 978), an upper and a lower bending tool are provided, these bending tools being arranged on the opposite legs of a cross-sectionally C-shaped carrier and with this carrier in the vertical direction opposite one another Pair of counter tools can be adjusted, which also serve to clamp the workpiece. Because of the linear drive movement of the bending tools, however, only a bending angle of up to 90 ° can be achieved with such a bending machine, which severely limits the possible design of the workpieces. However, it is advantageous that it can be bent in two directions, so that there is no need to turn the metal sheets frequently.

Um Blechränder zur Verbindung mit gegengleichen Blechrändern hakenartig aufbiegen zu können, ist es bekannt (US-A-3058'512), das Biegewerkzeug an einem zweiarmigen Hebel vorzusehen, der auf einem Winkelhebel drehbar gelagert ist und mit Hilfe dieses Winkelhebels etwa parallel zur Blechebene bewegt werden kann. Eine quer zur Blechebene gerichtete Werkzeugbewegung wird durch einen Kurbeltrieb sichergestellt, der am freien Ende des zweiarmigen Hebels angreift und ihn um die vom Winkelhebel getragene Drehachse schwenkt. Damit ist zwar eine an den Biegevorgang angepasste Führung des Biegewerkzeuges möglich, doch bleibt die mögliche Schwenkbewegung des das Biegewerkzeug tragenden Hebels wegen seiner zweiarmigen Ausbildung beschränkt. Dies hat in nachteiliger Weise eine Gleitbewegung des Biegewerkzeuges entlang des zu kantenden Blechrandes zur Folge und grenzt den für das Werkstück zur Verfügung stehenden Raum so weit ein, dass ein doppelt wirkendes Biegewerkzeug nicht eingesetzt werden kann.In order to be able to bend sheet metal edges in a hook-like manner for connection to opposing sheet metal edges, it is known (US-A-3058 ' 512) to provide the bending tool on a two-armed lever which is rotatably mounted on an angle lever and moves approximately parallel to the sheet metal plane with the aid of this angle lever can be. A tool movement directed transversely to the sheet plane is ensured by a crank mechanism which engages the free end of the two-armed lever and pivots it about the axis of rotation carried by the angle lever. Although this allows the bending tool to be adapted to the bending process, the possible pivoting movement of the lever carrying the bending tool remains limited because of its two-armed design. This disadvantageously results in a sliding movement of the bending tool along the sheet metal edge to be edged and limits the space available for the workpiece to such an extent that a double-acting bending tool cannot be used.

Bei einer anderen bekannten Konstruktion einer Biegemaschine (GB-A-584575) sind zwei zusammenwirkende Biegewerkzeuge vorgesehen, die jeweils in zwei zueinander senkrecht stehende Richtungen beweglich gelagert sind. Da von diesen Bewegungsrichtungen jedoch eine lediglich zum Anstellen der Biegewerkzeuge dient, wird durch die besondere Lagerung der Biegewerkzeuge für den Biegevorgang nichts gewonnen.In another known construction of a bending machine (GB-A-584575) two cooperating bending tools are provided, each of which is movably mounted in two mutually perpendicular directions. However, since one of these directions of movement is only used to turn on the bending tools, the special mounting of the bending tools does nothing for the bending process.

Schliesslich ist es bekannt (GB-A-1090662), den Haltestempel einer Biegemaschine an der Kurbelstange eines Kurbeltriebes anzulenken, wobei an dieser Kurbelstange ein zusätzlicher Antrieb angreift. Dieser zusätzliche Antrieb dient indes nur zur Verriegelung der vom Kurbeltrieb ausgeführten Klemmung des zu kantenden Werkstückes.Finally, it is known (GB-A-1090662) to link the holding punch of a bending machine to the crank rod of a crank mechanism, an additional drive acting on this crank rod. This additional drive, however, only serves to lock the clamping of the workpiece to be edged by the crank drive.

Der Erfindung liegt somit die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Biegemaschine der eingangs geschilderten Art so zu verbessern, dass einerseits die Bewegung der Biegewerkzeuge in günstiger Weise an die jeweils erforderliche Abkantung des Werkstückes angepasst und anderseits das Werkstück schonend gebogen werden kann.The invention is therefore based on the object of improving a bending machine of the type described in such a way that, on the one hand, the movement of the bending tools can be adapted in a favorable manner to the required bending of the workpiece and, on the other hand, the workpiece can be bent gently.

Die Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe dadurch, dass die Kurbelstange des einen als Kurbeltrieb ausgebildeten Antriebes das Biegewerkzeug trägt und dass an dieser Kurbelstange der andere Antrieb angreift.The invention solves this problem in that the crank rod of the drive designed as a crank drive carries the bending tool and in that the other drive acts on this crank rod.

Durch diese Massnahmen wird in einfacher Weise eine Bewegung des Biegewerkzeuges in zwei etwa senkrecht zueinander stehenden Richtungen sichergestellt, wobei eine in weiten Grenzen an sich beliebige Bahn für das Werkzeug erreicht werden kann, da lediglich die beiden Antriebe entsprechend gesteuert werden müssen. Die Anordnung des Biegewerkzeuges j der Kurbelstange des Kurbeltriebes gewährleistet nämlich im Zusammenhang mit dem an dieser Kurbelstange angreifenden anderen Antrieb einen vergleichsweise grossen Schwenkradius, wodurch nicht nur ein gegenüber dem Stand der Technik grösserer Hub bei vergleichbaren Schwenkwinkeln erzielt werden kann, sondern auch eine schonendere Blechbehandlung, weil das Biegewerkzeug kaum eine Gleitbewegung entlang des Bleches ausführt. Die schwenkbare Lagerung der Kurbelstange am Kurbelzapfen des Kurbeltriebes bietet ja die Möglichkeit, durch eine Schwenkverstellung der Kurhelstenae um den Kurbelzaofen das Biegewerkzeug quer zur Hubbewegung des Kurbeltriebes zu bewegen. Aufwendige Kulissenführungen können damit in einfacher Weise vermieden werden. Ausserdem wird ein ausreichend grosser Raum für ein doppelt wirkendes Biegewerkzeug und für den bereits gekanteten Teil des Bleches geschaffen, so dass auch zwei Abkantungen in einem Arbeitsschritt vorgenommen werden können. Wegen der unbeschränkten Bewegungs- und Antriebsmöglichkeit des Biegewerkzeuges sind selbstverständlich auch Biegungen nach verschiedenen Richtungen möglich, wodurch ein häufiges Wenden des Werkstückes entfallen kann.These measures ensure a movement of the bending tool in two directions approximately perpendicular to one another in a simple manner, it being possible for the tool to achieve any desired path within wide limits since only the two drives have to be controlled accordingly. The arrangement of the bending tool j of the crank rod of the crank mechanism ensures, in connection with the other drive engaging on this crank rod, a comparatively large swivel radius, which not only enables a larger stroke compared to the prior art to be achieved with comparable swivel angles, but also a gentler sheet metal treatment, because the bending tool hardly slides along the sheet. The pivoting bearing of the crank rod on Crank pin of the crank mechanism offers the possibility to move the bending tool transversely to the stroke movement of the crank mechanism by swiveling the Kurhelstenae around the crank mechanism. Elaborate backdrop guides can thus be avoided in a simple manner. In addition, a sufficiently large space is created for a double-acting bending tool and for the already bent part of the sheet, so that two bends can also be made in one work step. Because of the unlimited BEWE g ungs- and driving ability of the bending tool are of course also bends in different directions possible can be eliminated so frequent turning of the workpiece.

Verläuft die das Biegewerkzeug tragende Kurbelstange etwa parallel zur Einspannebene der Blechtafel, so stimmen die Antriebsrichtungen mit den Hauptbiegerichtungen während des An-und Fertigbiegens überein, was sich nicht nur belastungsmässig günstig auswirkt, sondern auch die Steuerung der Antriebe vereinfacht. Darüber hinaus v.vrd eine günstige Raumaufteilung sichergestellt, weil die Kurbelstange, die als Träger für das Biegewerkzeug entsprechend gross dimensioniert werden muss, der Anordnung der Abstützung der Gegenwerkzeuge nicht im Wege ist. Diese Abstützung braucht folglich nicht auf der Einführseite der Biegemaschine vorzustehen, so dass ausreichend Platz für die Blechmanipulation vorhanden ist.If the crank rod carrying the bending tool runs approximately parallel to the clamping plane of the sheet metal plate, then the drive directions coincide with the main bending directions during the bending on and finishing bending, which not only has a favorable effect in terms of load, but also simplifies the control of the drives. In addition, v.vrd ensured a favorable room division because the crank rod, which has to be dimensioned appropriately large as a support for the bending tool, is not in the way of the arrangement of the support of the counter tools. This support therefore does not have to be on the insertion side of the bending machine, so that there is sufficient space for the sheet metal manipulation.

Der an der Kurbelstange des Antriebes für die eine Bewegungsrichtung angreifende Antrieb für die andere Bewegungsrichtung kann ebenfalls als Kurbeltrieb ausgebildet sein, was in einfacher Weise die Abstimmung der beiden Antriebe auf die gewünschte Werkzeugbewegung ermöglicht, insbesondere für kreisförmige Bahnabschnitte. Zu diesem Zweck brauchen die beiden Kurbeltriebe ja nur gleich ausgebildet zu sein.The on the crank rod of the drive for the one direction of movement engaging drive for the other direction of movement can also be designed as a crank drive, which allows the two drives to be easily matched to the desired tool movement, in particular for circular path sections. For this purpose, the two crank mechanisms need only be of the same design.

Die Ausbildung beider Antriebe als Kurbeltriebe bietet auch die Möglichkeit, beide Kurbeltriebe jeweils mit Hilfe eines an einer gemeinsamen Anti'iebsschwinge angelenkten Gestänges anzutreiben. Die Gestänge können im einfachsten Fall aus einfachen Verbindungslenkern bestehen. Mit einer gemeinsamen Antriebsschwinge kann eine gesonderte Steuerung der beiden Antriebe entfallen. Mit dem gemeinsamen Antrieb der Kubeltriebe beschränkt man sich jedoch auf eine bestimmte Werkzeugbahn, die nur durch eine Änderung der mitteleren Drehlagen der Kurbeltriebe, deren Kurbeln im allgemeinen einen Drehwinkel kleiner als 180° aufweisen, oder durch eine Änderung des Übersetzungsverhältnisses des Gestänges geändert werden kann.The design of both drives as crank drives also offers the possibility of driving both crank drives with the aid of a linkage articulated on a common anti-drive rocker. In the simplest case, the linkages can consist of simple connecting links. With a common drive rocker, separate control of the two drives can be omitted. The common drive of the cube drives, however, is limited to a specific tool path, which can only be changed by changing the central rotational positions of the crank drives, the cranks of which generally have an angle of rotation less than 180 °, or by changing the transmission ratio of the linkage.

Aufgrund der möglichen Werkzeugbahn während des Biegevorganges können auch zwei Biegewerkzeuge zum Einsatz kommen, die das Biegen nach entgegengesetzten Seiten einfach gewährleisten. Zu diesem Zweck trägt in weiterer Ausbildung der Erfindung die etwa parallel zur Einspannebene der Blechtafeln verlaufende Kurbelstange des einen Antriebes zwei zangenartig einander gegenüberliegende Biegewerkzeuge, wobei die quer zur Einspannebene gerichtete Kurbelstange des anderen Antriebes in Abhängigkeit vom gegenseitigen Abstand der beiden Biegewerkzeuge längenverstellbar ausgebildet ist. Die Längenverstellbarkeit der die Biegewerkzeuge quer zur Einspannebene beaufschlagenden Kurbelstange ist erforderlich, um beide Biegewerkzeuge an die Blechtafel anstellen zu können. In der Anstellage für das eine Biegewerkzeug befindet sich nämlich das andere Biegewerkzeug in einer Entfernung vom Werkstück, die dem gegenseitigen Abstand der Biegewerkzeuge entspricht. Zur Anstellung des jeweils nicht im Einsatz befindlichen Biegewerkzeuges muss folglich die die Biegewerkzeuge tragende Kurbelstange verschwenkt werden, was in einfachster Weise durch eine Verkürzung oder Verlängerung der quer zur Einspannebene gerichteten Kurbelstange des anderen Antriebes durchgeführt wird.Due to the possible tool path during the bending process, two bending tools can also be used, which simply ensure bending on opposite sides. For this purpose, in a further embodiment of the invention, the crank rod of the one drive, which runs approximately parallel to the clamping plane of the metal sheets, has two bending tools located opposite one another in the manner of pliers, the length of the crank rod, which is directed transversely to the clamping plane, depending on the mutual distance between the two bending tools. The length adjustability of the crank rod acting on the bending tools transversely to the clamping plane is necessary in order to be able to position both bending tools on the metal sheet. In the position for the one bending tool, the other bending tool is located at a distance from the workpiece which corresponds to the mutual distance of the bending tools. In order to adjust the bending tool that is not in use, the crank rod carrying the bending tools must consequently be pivoted, which is carried out in the simplest manner by shortening or lengthening the crank rod of the other drive, which is directed transversely to the clamping plane.

Der Einsatzwechsel der beiden Biegewerkzeuge verlangt hinsichtlich der Werkzeugbahn eine Umkehrung der Bewegungsrichtung eines der beiden Antriebe. Sind die beiden Antriebe über je ein Gestänge an einer gemeinsamen Antriebsschwinge angeschlossen, so kann eine solche Bewegungsumkehr dadurch erreicht werden, dass die Anlenkstelle eines der beiden Gestände an der Antriebsschwinge zwischen zwei einander bezüglich der Schwenkachse der Antriebsschwinge gegenüberliegenden Lagen verstellbar ist. Da zwei diametral zu einer Drehachse gelagerte Punkte bei einer Drehverstellung gegensinnige Bewegungen ausführen, wird durch eine entsprechende Verstellung der Anlenkstelle des Gestänges der Bewegungssinn des über dieses Gestänge angeschlossenen Kurbeltriebes umgekehrt.The change of use of the two bending tools requires a reversal of the direction of movement of one of the two drives with regard to the tool path. If the two drives are each connected to a common drive rocker arm via a linkage, such a reversal of movement can be achieved in that the articulation point of one of the two stands on the drive rocker arm is adjustable between two positions opposite one another with respect to the pivot axis of the drive rocker arm. Since two points mounted diametrically with respect to an axis of rotation perform opposite movements during a rotation adjustment, the direction of movement of the crank drive connected via this linkage is reversed by a corresponding adjustment of the linkage point of the linkage.

In der Zeichnung ist der Erfindungsgegenstand beispielsweise vereinfacht dargestellt. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine erfindungsgemässe Biegemaschine zum Abkanten von Blechtafeln im Vertikalschnitt,
  • Fig. 2 eine mögliche Bewegung des Biegewerkzeuges beim Abkantvorgang,
  • Fig. 3 die Lage der Antriebe für das obere Biegewerkzeug eines Biegewerkzeugpaares zu Beginn des Biegevorganges,
  • Fig. 4 eine der Fig. 3 entsprechende Darstellung bei Beendigung des Biegevorganges,
  • Fig. 5 den Einsatz des unteren Biegewerkzeuges eines Werkzeugpaares und
  • Fig. 6 eine der Fig. 4 entsprechende Darstellung, jedoch für das untere Biegewerkzeug.
The subject matter of the invention is shown in simplified form in the drawing, for example. Show it:
  • 1 a bending machine according to the invention for folding sheet metal sheets in vertical section,
  • 2 shows a possible movement of the bending tool during the folding process,
  • 3 shows the position of the drives for the upper bending tool of a pair of bending tools at the beginning of the bending process,
  • 4 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 3 at the end of the bending process,
  • Fig. 5 shows the use of the lower bending tool of a pair of tools and
  • Fig. 6 is a representation corresponding to Fig. 4, but for the lower bending tool.

Die dargestellte Biegemaschine besteht im wesentlichen aus einem Gestell 1, das zwei an einem C-förmigen Träger 2 angeordnete, einander zangenartig gegenüberliegende Biegewerkzeuge 3a und 3b und zwei Haltestempel 4a und 4b aufweist, die als Gegenwerkzeuge für die Biegewerkzeuge 3a und 3b dienen. Zwischen den Haltestempeln 4a und 4b wird die zu biegende Blechtafel 5 eingespannt, wobei sich die Haltestempel 4a und 4b an biege- und torsionssteifen Kastenträgern 6 abstützen, von denen der obere in nicht näher dargestellter Weise gehoben und gesenkt werden kann.The bending machine shown consists essentially of a frame 1 which has two bending tools 3a and 3b, which are arranged on a C-shaped support 2, are opposite one another like pliers, and two holding punches 4a and 4b, which act as counter tools for the Bending tools 3a and 3b are used. The sheet metal plate 5 to be bent is clamped between the holding punches 4a and 4b, the holding punches 4a and 4b being supported on rigid and torsionally rigid box girders 6, of which the upper one can be raised and lowered in a manner not shown.

Der C-förmige Träger 2 für die Biegewerkzeuge 3a und 3b wird von einer Kurbelstange 7 eines Kurbeltriebes 8 getragen, dessen Kurbelwelle 9 im Gestell 1 gelagert ist. Ober diesen Kurbeltrieb 8 können die Biegewerkzeuge 3a und 3b im wesentlichen parallel zur Einspannebene der Blechtafel 5 bewegt werden. Um eine Bewegungsmöglichkeit quer zur Einspannebene zu schaffen, ist ein weiterer Kurbeltrieb 10 vorgesehen, dessen Kurbelwelle 11 im Gestell 1 gelagert ist und dessen quer zur Einspannebene der Blechtafel 5 verlaufende Kurbelstange 12 an der Kurbelstange 7 des Kurbeltriebes 8 angelenkt ist. Um nun wahlweise eines der beiden Biegewerkzeuge 3a und 3b einsetzen zu können, ist die Kurbelstange -12 des Kurbeltriebes 10 in ihrer Länge verstellbar ausgebildet, was gemäss dem Ausführungsbeispiel mit Hilfe eines Zylinders 13 erreicht wird. Im ausgefahrenen Zustand des Zylinders 13 kommt das obere Biegewerkzeug 3a zum Einsatz, wie dies in den Fig. 1, 3 und 4 dargestellt ist, während zum Einsatz des unteren Biegewerkzeuges 3b der Zylinder 13 nach den Fig. S und 6 eingefahren werden muss.The C-shaped support 2 for the bending tools 3a and 3b is carried by a crank rod 7 of a crank mechanism 8, the crankshaft 9 of which is mounted in the frame 1. The bending tools 3a and 3b can be moved essentially parallel to the clamping plane of the sheet metal plate 5 via this crank mechanism 8. In order to create a possibility of movement transversely to the clamping plane, a further crank mechanism 10 is provided, the crankshaft 11 of which is mounted in the frame 1 and the crank rod 12 extending transversely to the clamping plane of the sheet metal plate 5 is articulated on the crank rod 7 of the crank mechanism 8. In order to be able to use one of the two bending tools 3a and 3b, the length of the crank rod -12 of the crank mechanism 10 is adjustable, which is achieved with the aid of a cylinder 13 according to the exemplary embodiment. In the extended state of the cylinder 13, the upper bending tool 3a is used, as shown in FIGS. 1, 3 and 4, while to use the lower bending tool 3b, the cylinder 13 according to FIGS. S and 6 must be retracted.

Durch die Bewegungsmöglichkeit der Biegewerkzeuge 3a und 3b einerseits quer zur Einspannebene der Blechtafel 5 und anderseits parallel zur Einspannebene können die Biegewerkzeuge 3a und 3b durch eine entsprechende Beaufschlagung der Kutbeltriebe 8 und 10 entlang einer an sich beliebigen Bahn bewegt werden, was besonders günstige Verhältnisse für den Biegevorgang schafft. So kann beispielsweise jedes der beiden Biegewerkzeuge entlang einer Kreisbahn um die Biegeachse 14 bewegt werden, wie dies für das obere Biegewerkzeug 3a in Fig. 2 dargestellt ist. Aus der voll gezeichneten Ausgangsstellung erreicht das Biegewerkzeug 3a entlang der Bewegungsbahn 15 seine strichpunktiert angedeutete Endstellung, wobei die Blechtafel 5 aus der Einspannebene um den als Gegenwerkzeug dienenden Haltestempel 4b gebogen wird. Es können folglich Biegewinkel erreicht werden, die weit über 90° hinausgehen.Due to the possibility of movement of the bending tools 3a and 3b, on the one hand, transversely to the clamping plane of the sheet metal plate 5 and, on the other hand, parallel to the clamping plane, the bending tools 3a and 3b can be moved along an arbitrary path by a corresponding action on the Kutbeltriebe 8 and 10, which is particularly favorable for the Bending process creates. For example, each of the two bending tools can be moved along a circular path around the bending axis 14, as is shown for the upper bending tool 3a in FIG. 2. From the fully drawn starting position, the bending tool 3a reaches its end position, indicated by dash-dotted lines, along the movement path 15, the sheet metal plate 5 being bent out of the clamping plane around the holding die 4b serving as a counter-tool. As a result, bending angles can be achieved that go far beyond 90 °.

Da wahlweise das Biegewerkzeug 3a oder das Biegewerkzeug 3b zum Einsatz kommen kann, kann die zu biegende Blechtafel 5 sowohl nach oben als auch nach unten gebogen werden, so dass eine weitgehend unbeschränkte Gestaltungsmöglichkeitfür das Werkstück sichergestellt wird, ohne das Werkstück häufig wenden zu müssen. Je nach der Beaufschlagung und Steuerung der Kurbeltriebe 8 und 10 kann die Bewegungsbahn 15 entsprechend den durch die herzustellende Form des Werkstückes bestimmten Anforderungen in ihrer Form und Grösse geändert werden. Aus diesem Grunde können auch vorteilhaft unterschiedliche Biegewerkzeuge und Gegenwerkzeuge zum Einsatz kommen.Since either the bending tool 3a or the bending tool 3b can be used, the metal sheet 5 to be bent can be bent both upwards and downwards, so that a largely unlimited design possibility for the workpiece is ensured without having to turn the workpiece frequently. Depending on the loading and control of the crank drives 8 and 10, the movement path 15 can be changed in shape and size in accordance with the requirements determined by the shape of the workpiece to be produced. For this reason, different bending tools and counter tools can advantageously be used.

Zum Antrieb der Kurbeltriebe 8 und 10 ist gemäss dem Ausführungsbeispiel eine gemeinsame Antriebsschwinge 16 vorgesehen, die über ein Zahnsegment 17 und ein mit dem Zahnsegment 17 kämmendes Ritzel 18 antreibbar ist. Die Kurbeltriebe 8 und 10 sind mit dieser Antriebsschwinge 16 über je ein Gestänge 19 bzw. 20 verbunden, das im einfachsten Fall aus einem Verbindungslenker besteht. Wird nun die Antriebsschwinge 16 um ihre Drehachse 21 aus der in Fig. 3 gezeichneten Stellung in die Stellung nach Fig. 4 verschwenkt, so werden die Kurbeltriebe 8 und 10 über die Gestänge 19 und 20 entsprechend verstellt, wobei das zum Einsatz kommende Werkzeug 3a durch den Kurbeltrieb 8 gegen die Haltestempel 4a und 4b vorgeschoben und gleichzeitig über den Kurbeltrieb 10 abwärts gedrückt wird, was eine Werkzeugbewegung ergibt, wie sie in Fig. 2 durch die Bewegungsbahn 15 dargestellt ist. Nach diesem Arbeitshub kehrt die Antriebsschwinge 21 wieder in ihre Ausgangslage zurück, was das Zurückziehen des Biegewerkzeuges 3a zur Folge hat.According to the exemplary embodiment, a common drive rocker 16 is provided for driving the crank drives 8 and 10 and can be driven via a toothed segment 17 and a pinion 18 meshing with the toothed segment 17. The crank mechanisms 8 and 10 are connected to this drive rocker 16 via a linkage 19 or 20, which in the simplest case consists of a connecting link. If the drive rocker 16 is pivoted about its axis of rotation 21 from the position shown in FIG. 3 into the position according to FIG. 4, the crank drives 8 and 10 are adjusted accordingly via the linkages 19 and 20, the tool 3a being used being moved through the crank mechanism 8 is pushed forward against the holding plungers 4a and 4b and at the same time is pressed downward via the crank mechanism 10, which results in a tool movement, as shown in FIG. 2 by the movement path 15. After this working stroke, the drive rocker 21 returns to its starting position, which results in the withdrawal of the bending tool 3a.

Soll nun das untere Biegewerkzeug 3b zum Einsatz kommen, so muss zunachst der Zylinder 13 beaufschlagt werden, um den Kurbelarm 7 des Kurbeltriebes 8 um den Kurbelzapfen 22 im Anstellsinn des Biegewerkzeuges 3b zu verschwenken, bis das Biegewerkzeug 3b die in Fig. 5 gezeichnete Stellung einimmt. Da aber gegensinnig gebogen wird, muss das untere Biegewerkzeug 3b über den Kurbeltrieb 10 aufwärts gedrückt werden, was eine Umkehr der Drehrichtung des Kurbeltriebes 10 erfordert. Dies wird gemäss dem Ausführungsbeispiel durch eine Verlagerung der Anlenkstelle 23 des Gestänges 20 an der Antriebsschwinge 16 erreicht, zu welchem Zweck auf der Antriebsschwinge 16 ein Zylinder 24 angordnet ist, über dessen Kolbenstange die Anlenkstelle 23 verstellt wird, während die Anlenkstelle 25 des Gestänges 19 an der Antriebsschwinge unverstellt bleibt. Das untere Biegewerkzeug 3b muss ja ebenfalls gegen die Haltestempel 4a und 4b vorgeschoben werden, um einen entsprechend grossen Biegewinkel zu erreichen. Da zufolge der Verstellung der Anlenkstelle 23 des Gestänges 20 auf die bezüglich der Schwenkachse 21 gegenüberliegende Seite der Antriebsschwinge die Kurbelwelle 11 des Kurbeltriebes 10 gegensinnig angetrieben wird, wird auch die Kurbelstange 7 gegensinnig um ihren Kurbelzapfen 22 verschwenkt, so dass das untere Biegewerkzeug 3b bei der Antriebsbewegung den oberen Haltestempel 4a hintergreift, wie dies in Fig. 6 angedeutet ist. Es kann somit die Blechtafel 5 in gleicher Weise nach unten oder nach oben gebogen werden. Die Stellwege können über den Verdrehwinkel der Kurbeltriebe 8 und 10 verändert werden. Dies ist beispielsweise durch eine Änderung des Schwenkwinkels der Antriebsschwinge 16 oder eine Verstellung der Anlenkstellen der Gestänge 19, 20 an den Kurbeltrieben oder an der Antriebsschwinge 16 möglich.If the lower bending tool 3b is to be used, the cylinder 13 must first be acted upon in order to pivot the crank arm 7 of the crank mechanism 8 about the crank pin 22 in the direction of the bending tool 3b until the bending tool 3b assumes the position shown in FIG. 5 . However, since bending is in opposite directions, the lower bending tool 3b must be pressed upward via the crank mechanism 10, which requires the direction of rotation of the crank mechanism 10 to be reversed. According to the exemplary embodiment, this is achieved by displacing the articulation point 23 of the linkage 20 on the drive rocker 16, for which purpose a cylinder 24 is arranged on the drive rocker 16, via the piston rod of which the articulation point 23 is adjusted, while the articulation point 25 of the linkage 19 the drive arm remains unchanged. The lower bending tool 3b must also be advanced against the holding punches 4a and 4b in order to achieve a correspondingly large bending angle. Since, according to the adjustment of the articulation point 23 of the linkage 20 to the opposite side of the drive rocker with respect to the pivot axis 21, the crankshaft 11 of the crank mechanism 10 is driven in opposite directions, the crank rod 7 is also pivoted in opposite directions about its crank pin 22, so that the lower bending tool 3b at the Drive movement engages behind the upper holding punch 4a, as indicated in Fig. 6. The sheet metal plate 5 can thus be bent downwards or upwards in the same way. The travel ranges can be changed via the angle of rotation of the crank mechanisms 8 and 10. This is for example due to a change in the pivoting angle of the drive arm 16 or an adjustment of the articulation points of the linkages 19, 20 on the crank drives or on the drive arm 16 possible.

Claims (6)

1. A bending machine for folding sheet metal elements comprising retaining jaws (4a, 4b) for gripping a sheet metal element (5) and at least one bending tool (3a, 3b), which is mounted to the movable in two directions, which are approximately at right angles to each other, and is provided with separate drives (8, 10) for the two directions of movement, one of which two drive means (8, 10) consists of a crank mechanism (8), characterized in that the bending tool (3a, 3b) is carried by the connecting rod (7) of the drive means consisting of a crank mechanism (8) and the other drive means (10) acts on said connecting rod (7).
2. A bending machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting rod (7) which carries the bending tool (3a, 3b) is approximately parallel to the plane in which the sheet metal element (5) is gripped.
3. A bending machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the drive means (10) which act on the connecting rod (7) of the drive means (8) for one direction of movement and are associated with the other direction of movement consist also of a crank mechanism (10).
4. A bending machine according to claim 2, characterized in that each of the two crank mechanism (8, 10) is adapted to be driven by means of a linkage (19, 20), which is pivoted to a common driving rocker (1'6).
5. A bending machine according to claims 3 and 4, characterized in that the connecting rod (7) of one drive means (8) which connecting rod is approximately parallel to the plane in which the sheet metal element (5) is gripped, carries two bending tools (3a, '3b) which face each other like jaws of tongs, and the connecting rod (12) of the other drive means (10), is traverse to the plane in which the sheet metal element is gripped and is designed to be adjustable in length in dependence on the spacing of the two bending tools (3a, 3b).
6. A bending machine according to claims 4 and 5, characterized in that the pivot (23) connecting one of the two linkages (19, 20) to the driving rocker (16) is adjustable between two positions disposed on opposite sides of the pivot (21) of the driving rocker (16).
EP80890061A 1979-06-20 1980-06-04 Bending machine Expired EP0022122B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0434079A AT363756B (en) 1979-06-20 1979-06-20 BENDING MACHINE
AT4340/79 1979-06-20

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EP0022122A1 EP0022122A1 (en) 1981-01-07
EP0022122B1 true EP0022122B1 (en) 1983-02-23

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JP (1) JPS566735A (en)
AR (1) AR227642A1 (en)
AT (1) AT363756B (en)
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019015202A1 (en) * 2017-07-19 2019-01-24 奥美森智能装备股份有限公司 Metal plate bending mechanism

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AR227642A1 (en) 1982-11-30
AT363756B (en) 1981-08-25
JPS566735A (en) 1981-01-23
DE3062120D1 (en) 1983-03-31
JPS6322894B2 (en) 1988-05-13
ATA434079A (en) 1981-01-15
BR8003853A (en) 1981-01-13
US4356716A (en) 1982-11-02
EP0022122A1 (en) 1981-01-07

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