EP0020887B1 - Appareil d'électrolyse pour la production de chlore à partir de solutions aqueuses d'halogénures de métaux alcalins - Google Patents

Appareil d'électrolyse pour la production de chlore à partir de solutions aqueuses d'halogénures de métaux alcalins Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0020887B1
EP0020887B1 EP80101798A EP80101798A EP0020887B1 EP 0020887 B1 EP0020887 B1 EP 0020887B1 EP 80101798 A EP80101798 A EP 80101798A EP 80101798 A EP80101798 A EP 80101798A EP 0020887 B1 EP0020887 B1 EP 0020887B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrolysis apparatus
shells
electrolysis
hemispherical shells
chlorine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80101798A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0020887A1 (fr
Inventor
Werner Bender
Dieter Dr. Bergner
Kurt Hannesen
Wolfgang Müller
Wilfried Schulte
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hoechst AG
Original Assignee
Hoechst AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hoechst AG filed Critical Hoechst AG
Priority to AT80101798T priority Critical patent/ATE7802T1/de
Publication of EP0020887A1 publication Critical patent/EP0020887A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0020887B1 publication Critical patent/EP0020887B1/fr
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/70—Assemblies comprising two or more cells
    • C25B9/73—Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrolysis apparatus for the production of chlorine from aqueous alkali metal chloride solution under pressure, in which the anode and cathode space through a partition, for. B. a diaphragm or an ion exchange membrane are separated from each other.
  • an electrolysis apparatus consisting of individual electrolysis cells, in which the cells can also be operated as a single element.
  • the individual electrolysis cell of this electrolysis apparatus is characterized in that the housing consists of two half-shells, the electrodes are connected to the half-shells by means of electrically conductive bolts, the bolts projecting through the wall of the half-shells and on their protruding end face current leads and devices for compressing the current leads , Half-shells, electrodes and dividing wall rest and the dividing wall between electrically insulating spacers which are arranged in the extension of the bolts on the electrically active side of the electrodes and is clamped between the edges of the half-shells by means of sealing elements.
  • the housings have openings through which the current leads are led to the electrodes, which is disadvantageous since leaks can occur at these ducts which can only be eliminated by taking the entire electrolysis apparatus out of operation and replacing the leaky element. Electrolysis processes under pressure cannot be carried out.
  • the object is therefore to provide an electrolysis apparatus which does not have the disadvantages shown above.
  • the electrolysis apparatus should be constructed from individual cells, the individual cells of which are functional on their own. In the event of a repair, defective cells should be easily removed or replaced when full, without having to disassemble the entire electrolysis apparatus and interrupting operation in the long term.
  • the electrolysis apparatus should be pressure-resistant for pressures of more than 10 bar.
  • an electrolysis apparatus for producing chlorine from aqueous alkali metal chloride solution, which has at least one electrolysis cell, the anode and cathode of which are separated from one another by a partition, arranged in a housing made of two half-shells, the housing having devices for supplying the electrolysis starting materials and is provided for discharging the electrolysis products, and the partition is clamped by means of sealing elements between the edges of the half-shells and is held between power transmission elements made of electrically non-conductive material, each extending up to the electrodes, which is characterized in that the electrodes are connected by spacers attached to the Half-shells with an essentially circular cross-section are fastened and mechanically and electrically conductively connected via their edges to the half-shells, the half-shells of adjacent cells are supported flat against one another, and the end stands half shells of the electrolysis apparatus are supported by pressure-absorbing organs.
  • Plates connected by tie rods and covering the terminal half-shells can be arranged as pressure-absorbing organs.
  • the plates can also be provided with hydraulic devices.
  • the cathodes can consist of iron, cobalt, nickel or chromium or one of their alloys and the anodes can consist of titanium, niobium or tantalum or an alloy of these metals or of a metal or oxide ceramic material.
  • the anodes are provided with an electrically conductive, electrocatalytically active coating which contains metals or compounds from the group of platinum metals.
  • the gases formed during electrolysis can easily enter the space behind the electrodes. This gas removal from the electrode gap achieves a reduction in the gas bubble resistance between the electrodes and thus a reduction in the cell voltage.
  • the half-shells on the cathode side can be made of iron or iron alloys. If cathodes and cathode-side half-shells are to be welded to one another, they preferably consist of the same material, preferably steel.
  • the anode-side half-shell must consist of a chlorine-resistant material such as titanium, niobium or tantalum, an alloy of these metals, Hastelloy * or a metal or oxide ceramic material. If the half-shell and anode are to be connected to one another by welding, the same material, preferably titanium, is selected for both parts.
  • Half-shell and electrodes can also be firmly connected to each other by screwing. In this case, half-shells and electrodes can be made of different materials.
  • Membranes with terminal sulfonamide groups are also used as ion exchange groups.
  • the equivalent weights of such ion exchangers are between 800 and 1600, preferably between 1100 and 1500.
  • the ion exchange membrane is usually reinforced with a support fabric made of polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • these ion exchange membranes prevent the mixing of hydrogen and chlorine, but because of their selective permeability they allow the passage of alkali metal ions into the cathode compartment. They largely prevent the transition of halide into the cathode compartment and the passage of hydroxyl ions into the anode compartment. This results in a practically salt-free lye, whereas the salt must first be removed from the catholyte of the diaphragm cells in a complex process.
  • the ion exchange membranes represent dimensionally stable partition walls, which are also more resistant to the aggressive media of alkali chloride electrolysis and therefore have a longer service life than asbestos diaphragms.
  • the electrolysis apparatus can consist of an electrolysis cell, but also of a multiplicity of cells connected in series, the electrical contact between adjacent cells taking place directly via the contacting half-shells of adjacent electrolysis cells or via the electrically conductive force transmission elements.
  • the cell temperature can be increased, which is advantageous because the electrical resistance of the electrolytes on the anode and cathode side decreases at a higher temperature.
  • the gas volumes also become correspondingly smaller, so that a comparatively large power line cross section is available.
  • the energy consumption based on the ton of chlorine generated, is lower.
  • less water with the gases generated is carried out of the cell with increased pressure despite the simultaneously increased temperature, which reduces the drying costs.
  • the pressure is chosen high enough, at least about 8 bar, the chlorine produced can be liquefied without the use of cold and / or compression. It is also possible to degas the anolyte at atmospheric pressure if a sufficient temperature gradient is available. Last but not least, the aftertreatment of the cell products at higher pressure results in smaller apparatus dimensions, and the cells can be operated with a comparatively higher load.
  • the electrolysis apparatus has at least one electrolysis cell 4.
  • Each individual electrolytic cell 4 essentially consists of the two flange parts 1 and 2, between which the membrane 14 is sealed, and which are held together with the screws 6.
  • the flange parts 1 and 2 are electrically insulated from each other, e.g. B. by means of insulating sleeves 3.
  • the half-shells 9 and 11 are inserted, which line the flanges 1 and 2 from the inside and are pulled with their brims over the sealing surfaces of the flanges 1 and 2.
  • the sealing rings 13 and 15 provide a seal against the membrane 14.
  • the anode 12 and the cathode 16 are fastened to the half-shells 9 and 11.
  • the bottoms of the half-shells 9 and 11 of adjacent cells press against one another under the internal pressure of the cells; they can be separated from one another by a film 10 (plastic or metal). Surrounding beads in the half-shells 9 and 11 cause a membrane-like behavior (not shown).
  • the spacers 17 and 18 (electrically conductive bolts), which are used for power supply and power transmission, have on their front side inside the cell power transmission elements 19 and 20, for. B. discs of insulating material, between which the membrane 14 is clamped.
  • the anode 12 and the cathode 16 are fastened to the spacers 17 and 18, respectively.
  • the anolyte and the catholyte are supplied and discharged via lines 21 which are guided radially through the flanges 1 and 2.
  • the terminal half-shells of the electrolysis apparatus are supported by pressure-absorbing organs.
  • the organs consist of the two plates 7 and the tie rods 8. Instead of the tie rods, the two plates 7 can be connected to hydraulic devices (not shown).
  • the outward-pointing half-shell 9 or 11 of the last cell 4 is supported against the internal pressure of the cell by the plate 7, which may snap into the flange 2 or 1 with a spring 22.
  • the two end plates 7 are pulled together via the tie rods 8, so that the liquid pressure on the half-shells is compensated for via the tie rods. They rest on foot elements 5.
  • threaded bolts 23 which exert pressure on the spacers 17 and 18 when screwed in.
  • the threaded bolts 23 are connected to the power supply lines 24 by means of appropriate devices 25.
  • the supply cables (not shown) are connected to these power supply lines 24.
  • the individual electrolysis cells 4 are pressed receiving member pressed together and then tightened the threaded bolts 23 so that the electrical contacts are made through the spacers 17 and 18 through all cells.
  • the individual electrolytic cells have an essentially circular cross section, ie the cross section in the electrode plane is circular, elliptical, oval or the like.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
  • Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamp (AREA)
  • Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)

Claims (8)

1. Appareil d'électrolyse pour la production de chlore à partir d'une solution aqueuse d'un chlorure de métal alcalin, comportant une ou plusieurs cellules d'électrolyse, dont l'anode et la cathode, qui sont séparées l'une de l'autre par une cloison, sont disposées dans un boîtier formé de deux demi-cuvettes, comportant des dispositifs pour l'arrivée de l'électrolyte et pour l'évacuation des produits de l'électrolyse, et la cloison est serrée par des éléments d'étanchéifi- cation entre les bords des demi-cuvettes et maintenue entre des éléments de transmission de force en une matière non conductrice qui s'étendent jusqu'aux électrodes, appareil caractérisé en ce que les électrodes (12, 16) sont reliées mécaniquement et électriquement par des pièces d'espacement (17, 18) qui sont fixées sur les demi-cuvettes (9, 11) à section circulaire, et par leurs bords aux demi-cuvettes, les demi-cuvettes (9, 11) de cellules voisines reposent à plat l'une contre l'autre, et les demi-cuvettes terminales de l'appareil sont soutenues par des organes absorbant la pression.
2. Appareil d'électrolyse selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, comme organes absorbant la pression, sont disposées des plaques (7) reliées par des tirants d'ancrage (8) et qui recouvrent les demi-cuvettes terminales (9, 11).
3. Appareil d'électrolyse selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, comme organes prenant la pression, les plaques (7), sur lesquelles sont placés des dispositifs hydrauliques, soutiennent les demi-cuvettes terminales.
4. Appareil d'électrolyse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les demi-cuvettes sont, du côté de l'anode, en une matière qui résiste au chlore, par exemple en titane, niobium, tantale ou un alliage de ces métaux, ou en Hastelloy*.
5. Appareil d'électrolyse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que du côté cathode, les demi-cuvettes sont en fer, en cobalt, en nickel, en chrome ou en un alliage de ces métaux.
6. Appareil d'électrolyse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les cloisons sont constituées par des membranes d'échange d'ions.
7. Appareil d'électrolyse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les cathodes sont en fer, en cobalt, en nickel ou en chrome ou en un alliage de ces métaux.
8. Appareil d'électrolyse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les anodes sont en titane, niobium, tantale ou un alliage de ces métaux ou en une matière métal-céramique ou oxyde-céramique, et eIIes sont revêtues d'un produit conducteur électroca- talytique contenant des métaux de la famille du platine ou des composés de ces métaux.
EP80101798A 1979-04-12 1980-04-03 Appareil d'électrolyse pour la production de chlore à partir de solutions aqueuses d'halogénures de métaux alcalins Expired EP0020887B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80101798T ATE7802T1 (de) 1979-04-12 1980-04-03 Elektrolyseapparat zur herstellung von chlor aus waesserigen alkalichloridloesungen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19792914869 DE2914869A1 (de) 1979-04-12 1979-04-12 Elektrolyseapparat
DE2914869 1979-04-12

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0020887A1 EP0020887A1 (fr) 1981-01-07
EP0020887B1 true EP0020887B1 (fr) 1984-06-06

Family

ID=6068171

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80101798A Expired EP0020887B1 (fr) 1979-04-12 1980-04-03 Appareil d'électrolyse pour la production de chlore à partir de solutions aqueuses d'halogénures de métaux alcalins

Country Status (14)

Country Link
US (1) US4309264A (fr)
EP (1) EP0020887B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS55141583A (fr)
AR (1) AR226057A1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE7802T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU532943B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR8002251A (fr)
CA (1) CA1145707A (fr)
DE (2) DE2914869A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES490265A0 (fr)
FI (1) FI68089C (fr)
IN (1) IN152210B (fr)
NO (1) NO153580C (fr)
ZA (1) ZA802172B (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100921199B1 (ko) * 2001-05-11 2009-10-13 미쓰비시 타나베 파마 코퍼레이션 안정하고 고농도인 피라졸론 유도체를 포함하는 주사제

Families Citing this family (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4738763A (en) * 1983-12-07 1988-04-19 Eltech Systems Corporation Monopolar, bipolar and/or hybrid membrane cell
ATE42580T1 (de) * 1982-12-27 1989-05-15 Eltech Systems Corp Monopolare-, bipolare und/oder hybride membranzelle.
US4923582A (en) * 1982-12-27 1990-05-08 Eltech Systems Corporation Monopolar, bipolar and/or hybrid memberane cell
GB8319492D0 (en) * 1983-07-19 1983-08-17 Ici Plc Assembling filter press type electrolytic cell
DE3420483A1 (de) * 1984-06-01 1985-12-05 Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt Bipolarer elektrolyseapparat mit gasdiffusionskathode
NO853041L (no) * 1984-08-07 1986-02-10 Asahi Chemical Ind En flercellet elektrolysator.
US4698143A (en) * 1986-06-25 1987-10-06 The Dow Chemical Company Structural frame for an electrochemical cell
FR2647468B1 (fr) * 1989-05-29 1992-03-13 Solvay Chassis pour electrolyseur du type filtre-presse et electrolyseurs du type filtre-presse
DE4014778A1 (de) * 1990-05-09 1991-11-14 Metallgesellschaft Ag Elektrolyseur
JPH05195275A (ja) * 1991-07-16 1993-08-03 Hoechst Ag 電解装置
DE4212678A1 (de) * 1992-04-16 1993-10-21 Heraeus Elektrochemie Elektrochemische Membran-Zelle
JPH06108279A (ja) * 1992-09-28 1994-04-19 Tadahiro Omi 水素酸素発生装置
IT1263806B (it) * 1993-01-22 1996-09-03 Solvay Elettrolizzatore per la produzione di un gas
US5340457A (en) * 1993-04-29 1994-08-23 Olin Corporation Electrolytic cell
US5421977A (en) * 1993-06-30 1995-06-06 Eltech Systems Corporation Filter press electrolyzer
JP3035483B2 (ja) * 1995-11-27 2000-04-24 スガ試験機株式会社 酸素・水素電解ガス発生装置
DE19816334A1 (de) * 1998-04-11 1999-10-14 Krupp Uhde Gmbh Elektrolyseapparat zur Herstellung von Halogengasen
US6761808B1 (en) * 1999-05-10 2004-07-13 Ineos Chlor Limited Electrode structure
US20040108204A1 (en) 1999-05-10 2004-06-10 Ineos Chlor Limited Gasket with curved configuration at peripheral edge
DE102005003527A1 (de) * 2005-01-25 2006-07-27 Uhdenora S.P.A. Elektrolysezelle mit erweiterter aktiver Membranfläche

Family Cites Families (10)

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US1263314A (en) * 1917-12-24 1918-04-16 Philip A Emanuel Apparatus for electrolysis.
US2012046A (en) * 1930-01-31 1935-08-20 Nat Aniline & Chem Co Inc Electrolytic process and apparatus
DE2448187A1 (de) * 1974-10-09 1976-04-22 Hooker Chemicals Plastics Corp Elektrolysezelle
JPS51142497A (en) * 1975-06-04 1976-12-08 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd The electrolytic bath for sodium chloride
DE2538414C2 (de) * 1975-08-29 1985-01-24 Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt Elektrolyseapparat zur Herstellung von Chlor aus wässriger Alkalihalogenidlösung
ES450933A1 (es) * 1975-08-29 1977-09-01 Hoechst Ag Aparato para electrolisis.
US4017375A (en) * 1975-12-15 1977-04-12 Diamond Shamrock Corporation Bipolar electrode for an electrolytic cell
US4137144A (en) * 1976-03-19 1979-01-30 Hooker Chemicals & Plastics Corp. Hollow bipolar electrolytic cell anode-cathode connecting device
US4056458A (en) * 1976-08-26 1977-11-01 Diamond Shamrock Corporation Monopolar membrane electrolytic cell
US4108752A (en) * 1977-05-31 1978-08-22 Diamond Shamrock Corporation Electrolytic cell bank having spring loaded intercell connectors

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100921199B1 (ko) * 2001-05-11 2009-10-13 미쓰비시 타나베 파마 코퍼레이션 안정하고 고농도인 피라졸론 유도체를 포함하는 주사제

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU5737880A (en) 1980-10-16
DE3068097D1 (en) 1984-07-12
AU532943B2 (en) 1983-10-20
US4309264A (en) 1982-01-05
FI68089B (fi) 1985-03-29
BR8002251A (pt) 1980-12-02
ES8100680A1 (es) 1980-12-01
NO153580C (no) 1986-04-16
ZA802172B (en) 1981-05-27
ATE7802T1 (de) 1984-06-15
ES490265A0 (es) 1980-12-01
EP0020887A1 (fr) 1981-01-07
NO801060L (no) 1980-10-13
FI68089C (fi) 1985-07-10
NO153580B (no) 1986-01-06
IN152210B (fr) 1983-11-19
JPS55141583A (en) 1980-11-05
DE2914869A1 (de) 1980-10-30
AR226057A1 (es) 1982-05-31
FI801145A (fi) 1980-10-13
CA1145707A (fr) 1983-05-03

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