EP0019035A1 - Method and apparatus for decorating web-like materials - Google Patents

Abstract

A method and apparatus for patterning sheet materials, i.e. textile material webs and the like, in which the sample liquid (108) in individual quantities separated from one another in at least two spatial dimensions in or onto a carrier liquid (115 or 125) with which the sample liquid does not mix uniformly until it is transferred to the fabric, brought and transferred in or on the carrier liquid to the fabric in the form of a surge, film or veil in the self-resulting distribution. Coloring liquid, reservations, liquids, which the fabric e.g. influence from the handle and consider similar. The application can be carried out by means of various types of overflow application units or also by letting them run onto inclined run-off surfaces extending across the web, over which the carrier liquid and the sample liquid run down together.

Description

In the methods for patterning material webs, for example textile material webs, in particular carpets, there are basically two types to be distinguished from one another, namely the type in which there is a mechanical attack on the material line during the transfer of the patterning means and the other type in which the sample agent is poured on, sprayed on, poured on, etc. without any other attack on the material web. The mechanical attack generally consists in that the material web is passed through a nip. A certain pattern image can be transmitted during the passage, as is the case with any printing process, or else an irregular patternless pattern, such as in the processes according to DE-PSs 357 990 and 401 307, in which the transfer rollers or elements interacting with them, drops dripped on or soaked up are taken into the nip and transferred there in an irregular mixture to the web.

In many cases, however, such an attack on the web is not desirable, be it because of the pattern, which is of course influenced in a certain way by passing through a nip, or because of the goods, which often cannot tolerate such an attack how it z. B. with pile goods, in particular pile carpets is the case.

Therefore, methods have been known for a long time that go hand in hand with the transfer of the patterning agent without mechanical attack on the web. So z. B. in DE-GM 19 71 517 a method for dyeing carpets is known, in which a patterning liquid is applied or poured onto the pile side of the carpet by means of an application device in the form of a film or veil. A trough with dyeing liquid extends across the width of the web, in which a roller extending transversely to the web is immersed with its lower part and takes dyeing liquid with it from the trough to its surface, which then falls on the side falling during circulation from one squeegee which is inclined towards the material web is stripped from the roller surface and runs down over the squeegee from its lower edge onto the material web. This known method is intended for uni-dyeing, in which, however, several dyeing liquid jobs can be carried out in succession, wet on wet.

The contact-free application of sample agent from above can, however, also be carried out in a pattern, whereby in addition to the methods for spraying, partly with stencils, and for linear pouring, the methods according to CH-PS 461 415 and DE-AS 17 60 657 are mentioned. In CH-PS 461 415, movable, controllable nozzles are arranged above a carpet web which has a pole and which, according to a specific program, emit precisely limited intermittent color beams, each individual burst of color containing a color quantity precisely calculated for penetration of the pole. In DE-AS 17 60 657 unevenly but tightly falling droppings are produced, which fall onto a web-shaped textile material from above and give it a completely rapport-free dot pattern, which form an overall uniform, but lively design. Characteristic of the latter two The procedure is the relatively sharp delimitation of the individual color dots.

The method according to DE-AS 17 60 657 has already been designed so that the falling drops are released wet-on-wet into a uniform color previously applied to the web. The drops falling on the still moist previous stain react physically with the first staining liquid and, with a suitable composition, exert a displacement effect that leads to peculiarities. Appearance of the pattern. In this case, the dropped-on coloring liquid is to a certain extent left to its own devices and interacts in a way that cannot be influenced with the first coloring liquid and in this way automatically contributes to pattern formation.

This effect is even more pronounced in the process according to US Pat. No. 3,848,039, in which a film is produced from a solvent for a polymeric material on a carrier web and the polymeric material which is introduced into this film in an arbitrary irregular pattern is blurred on the film and dissolved at the edges by the solvent, so that there is a strange pattern with tapered edges. The patterned web is then covered with a uniform polymer layer. to which a textile web is then applied. The carrier web is finally removed. So it is a so-called negative process.

All dropping methods have in common that the color spots that can be generated are relatively small due to the origin from a drop. Although the blurring of the individual patterning zones can increase, this presupposes the existence of a durable liquid film on the web, which is the case with textile webs and in particular carpet webs is normally not accessible.

The object of the invention is to achieve a pattern with flat structures of any kind without mechanical attack on them with at least one direction separated, at the edges tapering and in any case not sharply delimited pattern zones, which can also be larger than the color spots with the usual drip methods are generated.

The main difference between the solution according to the invention and the state of the art, as set out in the characterizing part of claim 1, is that the sample liquid in the carrier liquid is transferred to the web in a floating manner. It is therefore not two liquids in succession that are transferred to the web in order to give the second liquid that results in the sampling the possibility of blurring, but the transfer of the carrier liquid and the individual amounts of the sample liquid contained therein takes place in one and the same process simultaneously and with the help of one and the same application device. As a result, the outlay on equipment is initially reduced. On the other hand, the fact that the individual quantities of the sample liquid are in the carrier liquid promotes the manageability of the sample liquid because it is more mobile. Finally, the unraveling, leakage or partial mixing of the individual amounts of the sample liquid with the adjacent zones of the carrier liquid is more pronounced than if the sample liquid is dripped into an already existing layer of the carrier liquid, so that the transitions become softer.

The expression "separated from one another in at least two spatial dimensions" is intended to preclude the fact that the sample liquid is homogeneous over the entire range stretching of the fabric and creates a plain pattern on it. If the individual quantities of the sample liquid are separated from one another in two spatial dimensions, they are individual current threads or the like which are separated from one another in the transverse direction but are contiguous in the longitudinal direction. When it comes to individual quantities in the form of drops or pies, the individual quantities are separated from one another in three spatial dimensions.

The transfer of the carrier liquid with the individual amounts of the sample liquid can take place according to all known application methods in which a liquid is released onto the web in the form of a surge, film or veil.

It is understood that the term "sample liquid" also means different sample liquids, i.e. H. Sampling liquids of various types, consistency and / or color should be recorded, which are transferred to the web in one process. The same applies to the carrier liquid.

The distribution and arrangement of the individual amounts of the sample liquid can be influenced by suitable means after it has been introduced onto or into the carrier liquid. However, the sample liquid passes over to the path in the distribution that it automatically has at the moment of transition. After you have settled on the track, the distribution is no longer influenced.

The sample liquid can float on the carrier liquid after it has been applied or introduced, if the ratio of the specific weights allows this. However, it is also possible for the individual amounts of the sample liquid to float in the carrier liquid or to sink only relatively slowly.

Any material on which a pattern is to be applied using a liquid patterning agent can be considered as a flat structure. The process has been developed on carpet sheets with pile threads, but other textile goods can also be considered. The method is not even limited to permeable fabrics, but rather films and the like can also be processed using the method according to the invention.

The sample liquid is preferably a coloring liquid. However, other liquids are not excluded, e.g. B. reservations, liquids that structure the fabric, z. B. from the handle, influence, etc.

The mixing of the sample liquid and the carrier liquid must be kept at least until the liquid is transferred to the fabric so that the sample liquid remains as individual quantities within the carrier liquid and pattern zones are set up in which the sample liquid is applied in different concentrations.

The higher viscosity of the sample liquid compared to the carrier liquid according to claim 2 promotes the cohesion of the individual quantities of the sample liquid until it is transferred to the fabric.

In principle, the sample liquid and the carrier liquid may or may not be soluble in one another. However, the first possibility is preferred according to claim 3, because then in the phase between the penetration of the sample liquid, individual quantities into the carrier liquid and the transfer to the sheet material or the fixation that may be required, the sample liquid and the carrier liquid dissolve and partially mix into one another neighboring Areas that promote the flattening of the transitions.

In practice, the samples will mainly be stains in aqueous systems. Claim 4 specifies an expedient way of bringing about a difference in the concentration between the sample liquid and the carrier liquid, which is suitable for maintaining the individual amounts of the sample liquid until they are superimposed on the surface image.

The main task of the carrier liquid is to give the individual quantities of the sample liquid mobility and portability and to convey them to the fabric. In addition, however, it is possible, according to claim 5, to also use the carrier liquid for sampling, by incorporating a sampling agent into it, which results in a uniform mistering in the areas covered by the carrier liquid. In this way, a pattern can be achieved in a one-step process, in which in a uniformly patterned, i.e. H. generally colored, fond that appear due to the spots or spots created by the sample liquid.

A further embodiment according to claim 6 is that the individual amounts of the sample liquid are in turn patterned, which can be practically implemented according to claim 7. So it can. B. strands of different sample liquids are brought together in a nozzle and released in sections or continuously.

An important embodiment of the method according to the invention consists in that the sample liquid located in or on the carrier liquid is moved from outside to or in the carrier liquid before being transferred to the web.

In this way, the distribution of the individual amounts of the sample liquid in the carrier liquid, the mixing of these individual amounts and given if their physical reaction is influenced by the ability to bear in the form of mutual penetration in the peripheral areas.

Claims 9 and 10 represent different ways of bringing about the desired movement.

A further important embodiment of the method according to claim 11 is that a downward flowing layer of the carrier liquid is produced on an inclined drain surface extending transversely over the web, into which the sample liquid is dispensed and which flows down from the lower edge of the drain surface onto the web .

The layer of the carrier liquid can be uniform or non-uniform and can be produced in any way in the upper region of the drainage surface. It has been shown that this procedure has particular advantages because there are no problems with the transport and the swimming and wetting behavior of the sample liquid. Rather, after it has hit the flowing down carrier liquid, it is immediately taken along by it and transferred to the web in it.

A further embodiment of the invention consists in that the sample liquid is dispensed onto a second inclined drain surface which extends transversely over the web and the first drain surface and passes from the lower edge of the second drain surface to the first drain surface.

According to this embodiment, the sample liquid does not get directly into the carrier liquid flowing down on the first drainage surface, but is first of all itself subjected to the influence of the downflow on the second drainage surface. This also affects the pattern image.

This applies in particular if, according to claim 13, a layer flowing down also on the second drainage surface a carrier liquid is generated, into which the sample liquid is dispensed.

This results in a kind of cascade effect, which leads to a completely arbitrary distribution of the sample liquid in the carrier liquid and which can be expanded if necessary by adding further drainage surfaces.

This is an important point, especially for the application of the invention to the patterning of carpet webs. Carpets of this type are predominantly used for laying out rooms. It often happens that different carpets or different sections of a carpet meet. In the different areas, however, no difference in the sample picture must be recognizable. This applies in particular to superordinate structures which are reflected in the design and / or arrangement of the patterning areas and on which certain features of the production of the patterning can be recognized, for example longitudinal or transverse stripes or diagonal structures. The sampling must be "depopulated".

In order to further promote this de-formation, it is recommended, according to claim 14, that the downward flowing layer loaded with sample liquid is additionally uneven on at least one of the drainage surfaces.

This can be done by a mechanical attack on the layer or, preferably, by applying a carrier liquid which once again mixes up the mixture of the flowing down liquids in order to suppress, for example, longitudinal structures resulting from the flowing down.

De-formation also serves when the carrier liquid is applied in individual jets, which are changed in a controlled manner according to position and direction and can also be interrupted intermittently.

This applies both to the carrier liquid subsequently applied to make the uneveness and to the carrier liquids on the two drainage surfaces. The application of the carrier liquid in individual jets does not result in a uniform layer of the carrier liquid, but rather a series of adjacent discharge zones that abut one another at the edges and pile up there to form a greater layer thickness. In this way, the flow pattern experiences a significant revival, which is reflected in the greater arbitrariness of the pattern, as is aimed for.

The sample liquid can also be dispensed into the carrier liquid in individual jets.

The pattern image is particularly influenced when a carrier liquid containing thickening is used.

If, for example, the sample liquid contains little or no thickening, but the carrier liquid contains a relatively large amount of thickening, the sample liquid can still move somewhat in relation to the carrier liquid in the first moment after application to the web and follows the thickened carrier ^; liquid given surface relief, so that sample images with finely branched patterning zones appear. However, a good level of horizontality of the web is a prerequisite for uniform sampling. It may be advisable to release the sample liquid with a certain pressure into the thickened carrier liquid, e.g. B. from supersized storage vessels or under pneumatic pressure, .so that the _B emustering liquid penetrates into the carrier liquid and remains in place.

A further de-formation of the pattern while reducing the size of the pattern zones results if the carrier liquid provided with the pattern liquid is additionally scattered after leaving the lower edge of the first run-off surface, for example by a arranged below and possibly moving grid can happen.

A device for carrying out the method according to the invention preferably comprises the already mentioned doctor applicator, which is described in the preamble of claim 11. This is particularly suitable for the method according to the invention because the individual amounts of the sample liquid can easily be entered into the carrier liquid from above. According to the characterizing part of claim 23, a feed device for the partial quantities of the sample liquid is provided above the doctor blade applicator.

The feed device can dispense the sample liquid both into the trough, onto the roller and onto the doctor blade, which results in different pattern images in individual cases.

However, the invention is in no way tied to this device, rather many other application devices are also suitable in which the liquid is in a gush, a film or a veil, i. H. that is, in an essentially undivided quantity, to which the fabric passes.

Another device works according to claim 27 with a casting basin, yet another with a slot nozzle extending over the width of the web (claim 28).

The above-mentioned devices are preferably intended for sheet-like flat structures which run past the device in the form of a sheet and onto which the gush, veil or film is applied from above.

According to claim 29, the invention also relates to a device for carrying out the method described above with an inclined discharge surface arranged transversely above the web and with a feed device by means of which a liquid can be applied in the upper region of the discharge surface, which liquid is applied in a layer over the Drainage surface and from its lower edge down onto the web. It is characterized in that the feed device is designed as a row of nozzles which extends transversely over the web on the outlet side of the outlet surface and releases the carrier liquid onto the outlet surface.

This results in an unevenness in the liquid layer, which is conducive to the desired de-formation. The pattern can also be influenced by the type of nozzles, e.g. B. by a spray jet on the one hand and a more bound jet on the other. Side-by-side flat jet nozzles can generate flows on the drain surface that overlap at the edges and swirl there.

A row of controllable valves for the sample liquid extending across the web can be provided.

The valves can e.g. B. solenoid valves or pneumatically operated valves that are able to dispense metered amounts of the sample liquid.

An important embodiment of the device is the second drain surface according to claim 31, to which the sample liquid is initially applied and from which it passes to the first drain surface.

The second drainage surface can be designed as a coherent, essentially flat surface, but can also be divided into chute-like individual members, which are adjacent to one another transversely to the web, by lateral edge bridges which approach one another in the direction of the fall, to which several valves of the sample liquid can be assigned.

In this way it is possible to dispense different sample liquid into one of the chute-like individual members and to narrow it in a funnel-like manner, so that the mixture of the sample liquid passes into the first drainage surface and thus into the web in a relatively narrow zone. In this way, patterned color areas can be created on the web.

According to claims 34 and 35, a layer of a carrier liquid which has been generated by a row of nozzles can also be present on the second drain surface.

Finally, a third feed device for carrier liquid can be provided, which directs the carrier liquid against the lower region of the first drainage surface in order to make the layer flowing down there uneven (claim 36).

This feed device can be designed as a row of nozzles (claim 37).

In order to influence the pattern or to further uneven it, according to claims 38 and 39, at least one of the rows of nozzles and / or discharge surfaces can be moved back and forth in a controlled manner transversely to the web and / or pivotable about an axis lying transversely to the web, so that the nozzle jets hit the drainage surfaces at different locations. In particular, the relative movement of nozzle rows and drainage surfaces in the transverse direction is essential for the sampling. B. because parts of the sample liquid get on top of each other and interact with each other.

One embodiment of the first drainage surface, which has proven to be very effective in the tests, is that this drainage surface has a step extending along the bottom edge thereof.

The downward flowing layer is stopped in the step before it enters the web from its lower edge ignores what has been shown to contribute to preventing the longitudinal structure of the sampling.

This effect is further enhanced if the third feed device is directed into the fillet formed by the step and the layer of liquid which temporarily collects there is additionally swirled and stirred together.

The same purpose is served if flow obstacles in the form of upstanding knobs, ribs or the like are provided on the drainage surfaces and, if appropriate, a grid with parallel rods is arranged under the lower edge of the drainage surfaces, as is taken in itself from DE-AS 17 60 657 is known.

The angle of the run-off surfaces can be adjustable in order to allow a certain adaptation to different web speeds and / or viscosities of the liquids.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown schematically in the drawing.

• Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of the essential parts of a carpet dyeing system;
• 3 to 6 show vertical longitudinal sections through different application devices;
• 7 to 8 show examples of the patterns which can be produced according to the invention;
• 9 shows a side view of a further embodiment of the device;
• Fig. 10 shows a partial view along the line II-II in Fig. 9;
• 11 shows a corresponding view of a modified embodiment.

The fabric in Fig. 1 is a web in the form of a velor carpet, which in the sense of Arrow 2 leads. A trough 3 is arranged transversely above the web, in which a roller 4 extending over the width of the web rotates in the direction of arrow 5 and with its lower part in the trough 3, which is in the trough 3 and by suitable, not shown feed devices, constantly on the Carrier liquid 6 held at the correct level is immersed. During the circulation, the roller 4 carries carrier liquid 6 on its surface, which is indicated by the lines 7. On the side falling during the circulation, that is to say on the left in FIG. 1, a doctor blade 8 bears against the roller 4 and is inclined downward from the roller against the web 1. With its upper edge 9, the doctor blade 8 strips the carrier liquid 6 from the roller 4. The carrier liquid 6 then flows down over the doctor blade 8 and from its lower edge 10 onto the web 1. In the exemplary embodiment, the lower one is. Edge 10 arranged closely above the web 1.

Individual quantities of a sample liquid are dispensed into the trough with the carrier liquid 6 by a dispensing device not shown in FIG. 1. The individual amounts of the sample liquid are shown by the dashed lines 11. These are individual drops or strand sections of a coloring liquid provided with a thickening. When the individual quantities 11 have fallen into the carrier liquid 6, they form flat-shaped color quantities 12 which float in the carrier liquid 6. Although they are soluble in the dyeing liquid consisting of water in the exemplary embodiment, the thickening means that the flat individual quantities are held together for a certain time. When the roller 4 rotates, the individual quantities 12 are also recorded and transported over the apex of the roller 4 and in the total quantity of the carriers transferred liquid 6 transported onto the web 1. There, the flatbreads form 12 individual islands that remain on the tips of the pole. The carrier liquid 6 immediately sinks in the pile. The flat-shaped individual quantities 12 of the thickened dyeing liquid are only distributed in the carpet web when the material web 1 is moved into the damper (not shown) and heated there, as a result of which the thickened dyeing liquid in the individual quantities 12 becomes thinner and communicates to the fibers. Then the fixing and further processing takes place in the usual way.

In Fig. 1, the individual quantities 11 are dispensed into the carrier liquid 6 standing in the trough 3. The discharge takes place through a feed device 13, as any known device for producing liquid drops or other individual quantities of viscous media can serve.

In FIG. 2, the individual quantities 11 are dispensed onto the doctor blade, where the patties 12 are also washed away by the flowing carrier liquid 6.

In Fig. 3, the sample liquid is dispensed onto the roller 4, which it immediately detects and can be transferred in the form of patties to the doctor blade 8, from where it reaches the web 1.

According to FIG. 5, instead of the doctor applicator of FIGS. 1 to 4, a pouring basin 14 can also be provided, from which the liquid passes uniformly over an overflow edge 15 over the width of the web. The individual amounts of liquid 11 dispensed from the feed device 13 form in the carrier liquid 6 floating sheets 12 of sample liquid, which are carried over the overflow edge 15 when the carrier liquid 6 flows over and pass onto the web 1.

6 shows a liquid container 16 which has a slot nozzle 17 on its underside from which the carrier liquid 6 is dispensed onto the web 1. With this delivery, the flatbreads 12 are carried along and transferred to the web. The slot nozzle 17 must of course not be too narrow so that the flat 12 of the sample liquid is not retained or dissolved.

Working example 1

In a device according to FIGS. 1 to 4, a carpet web made of a velor material with a basis weight of approx. 1000 g / m ² was padded with a brown dye liquor, which had the following composition

Recipe padding fleet

• Indalka X C 15 10 g
• Hostapur C X 2 g
• Isopropanol 15 g
• Ammonium sulfate 5 g
• Telon light yellow RLN 4.8 g
• Telon light red FRL 3 g
• Telon light blue BRL - 200% 1.35 ^g
• Water X g 1000 g
• Viscosity 1750 cp

The thus padded and still moist web was guided under an application device according to FIGS. 1 and 4. The carrier liquid 6 was water. Into the amount of water in the trough 3, three coloring liquids, which had the following compositions, were dripped from three storage containers with magnetic valves.

Recipe of the applied color

The individual amounts of these coloring liquids dripped into the water spread out in the trough 3 and on the roller 4 to form patties which were separated from one another in all three spatial dimensions and which are spread over a 10 cm wide doctor blade 8 with the water film onto a carpet web 1 were transported. The water film sank through the porous carpet web 1, while the dyeing liquid patties 12 remained separately or partially one above the other on the carpet web 1 and after steaming gave a marble-like pattern of the carpet web 1, which was characterized by separate color zones with smooth transition areas, as shown in FIG 10 emerges. The steaming was done in a drawer damper at 100 ° C saturated steam with sump for 5 minutes.

Working example 2

In a device according to FIG. 5, a carrier liquid was used which contained petroleum and carbon tetrachloride in a ratio of 2: 1 and accordingly had a specific weight of 1.080.

• 30 g Farbstoff
• 50 g Glyecin A
• 300 g Harnstoff/Wasser 1/1
• 30 g Hexamethylentetramin
• 50 g Ammoniumpolyacrylat
• 540 g Wasser
• 1000 g

The sample liquid had the following composition:

• 30 g of dye
• 50 g glyecin A
• 300 g urea / water 1/1
• 30 g hexamethylenetetramine
• 50 g ammonium polyacrylate
• 540 g water
• 1000 g

This solution was per 100 g of 2 cc Humectol C conc. added as a wetting agent.

• Palatinechtrosa BN
• Palatinechtschwarz WAGN
• Supraminblau FB
• Bengalrosa N
• Kongoorange G
• Supramingelb R
• Echtsäureviolett GBG
• Maneoschwarz f. Seide
• Solargrau R
• Solarbrillantrot BA conc.
• Sulfongelb RX
• Supraminbraun S

The following types were used as the dye in the above composition

• Palatine Pink BN
• Palatinate black WAGN
• Supramine blue FB
• Rose Bengal
• Kongoorange G
• Supramine Yellow R
• Genuine acid violet GBG
• Mane black f. silk
• Solar gray R
• Solar brilliant red BA conc.
• Sulfon yellow RX
• Supramine brown S

The sample liquid produced in this way was dripped onto the carrier liquid. The sample liquid was distributed in a coherent thin film over the entire surface of the carrier liquid. The result was a streak image in which the individual streaks form the separate individual quantities that correspond to the individual drops. If necessary, supported by a corresponding attack on the film from the outside by blowing or stirring, they become individual streak zones which remain intact and which are relatively sharply demarcated from the neighboring streak zones. The film, which already had a pre-formed pattern, was poured onto the web, floating on the carrier liquid, together with this over the overflow edge 15 (FIG. 5) and was deposited on the fabric in the arrangement present at the transition. After deposition on fabric 21, there was no further attack on the film. Patterns as in FIG. 8 form on the web.

The device designated 100 as a whole in FIG. 9 is used to sample a web 1 in the form of a carpet web which, in the direction of arrow 2, proceeds via rollers (not shown) or another support device.

At a distance above the web, a row 103 of solenoid valves 104 extending transversely to the web 1 is provided, which are arranged adjacent to one another transversely to the web in the manner shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 and to those via hoses 105 or similar lines from above a sample liquid is supplied in the form of a dyeing liquid used to dye the web 1.

The solenoid valves 104 are actuated via electrical connecting lines 106 and emit the patterning liquid in the form of jets or drops or jet sections generated by intermittent actuation of the solenoid valve 104 downward from the outlet nozzle 107.

The sample liquid strikes a (second) drainage surface 119, which is designed as an essentially flat, oblong-rectangular plate which is arranged at a distance above the web 1, but below the valves 104, and which extends transversely to the web 1 and which is in the direction of the web vertical longitudinal plane is inclined so that the sample liquid 108 impinging on the outlet side 109 'runs down to the right over the outlet surface 109 according to FIG.

The sample liquid 108 can impinge directly on the drain surface 109. However, it is preferred to provide a row of nozzles 111 above the upper area of the drainage surface 109, which is formed by nozzles 113 arranged along a nozzle tube 112, which direct jets 114 of a carrier liquid against the upper area of the drainage surface 109 Nozzle tube 112 is supplied. The nozzle tube 112 is moved back and forth by a suitable device transversely to the web 1, ie perpendicular to the plane of the drawing in FIG. 9. The individual jets 114 combine on the drainage surface 109 to form an irregular layer 115, which is displaced by the movement of the nozzle tube 112 on the drainage surface 109, and into which the patterning liquid 108 falls in order to flow together with it over the lower edge 116 of the drainage surface 109.

The run-off surface 109 is pivotably mounted about a transverse axis 117, so that its position can be changed in the direction of the arrow 118 in order to be able to influence the run-off speed.

From the lower edge 116 of the drainage surface 109, the carrier liquid layer 115 with the patterning liquid 108, which is present in separate individual amounts in the carrier liquid, reaches a (first) drainage surface 119 arranged under the drainage surface 109, over the upper area above the impact point 120 that of the Liquid discharge surface 109 a nozzle row 121 is provided in the form of nozzles 123 arranged on a nozzle tube 122, which deliver a carrier liquid 124 to the drain surface 119 in a similar manner as is the case with the nozzle tube 112 and the drain surface 109. The nozzle tube 122 can also be moved back and forth perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. In turn, an irregular layer 125 of the carrier liquid is formed, into which the layer 115 of the carrier liquid with the patterning liquid 108 is released, whereupon all liquids continue to flow downward along the drainage surface 119. On the flow path, protruding knobs 126 are provided on the surface of the drain surface 119, which additionally make the liquid film flowing down uneven.

In the vicinity of the lower edge of the drainage surface 119, a further row of nozzles 131 is provided, which is formed by nozzles 133 distributed along a movable nozzle tube 132 and from which a carrier liquid 127 is directed against the liquid layer flowing down over the lower region of the drainage surface 119, around the latter swirl again and unevenly before it reaches the web 1.

The drainage surface 119 has a step 128 in the lower region, at which the drainage surface 119 is bent toward the drainage side 119 ', in order then to run again in the old direction in a narrow edge region 129 and from the lower edge 130 of this edge region to the web 1 stream down. Level 128 forms | a groove 134 into which the row of nozzles 131 is directed in order to swirl the liquid which has accumulated a little there.

The run-off surface 119 is also pivotably mounted about a transverse axis 135 and can be adjusted in its inclined position in the direction of the arrow 136 depending on the needs.

The various carrier liquids with the individual amounts of the sample liquid 108 floating therein reach the material web 1 in a surge, veil or film 137. The places to which the sample liquid 118 comes are different from the other places, from which the pattern results. The material web 1 is then further treated in the usual way by steaming or other fixing.

The carrier liquids supplied through the nozzle pipes 112, 122, 132 are generally the same as one another and consist, for example, of water, but can also be different.

From Fig. 10 it can be seen that the valves 104 are arranged close to each other across the web. Of course, this is not mandatory. The patterning liquid 108 forms individual islands, flatbreads or zones, which flows down with and in or on the layer 115 of the carrier liquid over the drain surface 109 and down over the lower edge 116 of the drain surface 109.

According to FIG. 10, the run-off surface 109 is designed as a continuous plate over the width of the web 1, as is the run-off surface 119. FIG. 11 shows a modification in which the run-off surface is broken up into chute-like individual members 139, which are on the sides 11 have edges 140 projecting perpendicularly out of the plane of the drawing, which approach each other in the direction of fall, so that a funnel-like configuration results. Three solenoid valves 104 each deliver their liquid to a single member 139, so that individual quantities 141 of the sample liquid slide down from its lower edge, which are composed of three possibly different components 141 ', 141 ", 141". In this way, multicolored color fields can be achieved on the web 1, which are spaced apart from one another because of the funnel-like design of the chute-like individual members 139.

As shown by the dash-dotted line 104 'in FIG _. 9, it is also possible to dispense with the second drainage surface 109 and to dispense the sample liquid directly onto the first drainage surface 119 overflowed by the carrier liquid from the nozzle tube 122.

The nozzle tubes 112, 122, 132 can be pivoted about their longitudinal axis in order to be able to adapt the angle of incidence and the point of impact. In addition, the jet streams can be interrupted or weakened intermittently.

Under the lower edge 130 of the drainage surface 119, a dashed grid 138 is provided in the exemplary embodiment, which can be moved back and forth or can run in the transverse direction in order to disperse or disrupt the falling surge, veil or film 137 again.

Claims (43)

1. A method for patterning fabrics, in which a sample liquid is applied to the fabrics, characterized in that the sample liquid in at least two spatial dimensions separated from each other in or on a carrier liquid with which the sample liquid until transfer to the fabric is not mixed uniformly, brought and transferred in or on the carrier liquid to the fabric in the form of a surge, film or veil in the self-resulting distribution. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the sample liquid has a higher viscosity than the carrier liquid. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the sample liquid is releasable on the carrier liquid. 4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the sample liquid contains thickening, while the carrier liquid is essentially free of thickening. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the carrier liquid in addition to the sample liquid contains a further patterning agent, in particular a dye, in a uniform distribution. 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the individual quantities of the sample liquid resulting in the pattern are patterned in themselves. 7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that different sample liquids are brought together, the combined amount is divided into the individual amounts and the individual amounts are brought into or onto the carrier liquid. 8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the sample liquid located in or on the carrier liquid is moved from outside to or on the carrier liquid prior to the transfer to the fabric. 9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that a stirring and / or vibrating attack is exerted on the carrier liquid containing the sample liquid or carrying the sample liquid. 10. The method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that a fluid medium is blown into or onto the carrier liquid containing the sample liquid or carrying the sample liquid. 11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that a descending layer of the carrier liquid is generated on an inclined, transversely 'extending the web of the carrier liquid, into which the sample liquid is dispensed and from the lower edge of the drain surface the web flows down. 12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the sample liquid is first dispensed to a second, transversely extending over the web and the first run-off run-off surface and passes from the lower edge of the first run-off surface. 13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that a downward flowing layer of a carrier liquid is also generated on the second drainage surface, into which the sample liquid is dispensed. 14. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the flowing down, loaded with the sample liquid layer is additionally made uneven on at least one of the drain surfaces. 15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that the nonuniformization is carried out by applying a carrier liquid. 17. The method according to any one of claims 11, 13 or 16, characterized in that the task of the carrier liquid takes place in individual jets. 18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that the beams are changed controlled according to position and direction. 19. The method according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the beams are interrupted intermittently. 20. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 19, characterized in that the sample liquid is emitted into the carrier liquid in individual jets. 21. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that a carrier liquid containing a thickening is used. 22. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that the carrier liquid provided with the sample liquid is additionally dispersed after leaving the lower edge of the first drainage surface. 23. An apparatus for performing the method according to claims 1 to 10 with an application device which comprises a rotating roller which dips with its lower part into the carrier liquid located in a trough extending across a sheet-like fabric and from which the carrier liquid on the at The circumferential falling side is stripped off by means of a squeegee which is inclined downward onto the fabric, from the lower edge of which it passes over to the fabric, characterized in that a feed device (13) is provided above the application device, which feeds the partial quantities (11) of the sample liquid into or on releases the carrier liquid (6). 24. The device according to claim 23, characterized in that the feed device (13) releases the sample liquid in the trough (3). 25. The device according to claim 23, characterized in that the feed device delivers the sample liquid to the roller (4). 26. The apparatus according to claim 23, characterized in that the feed device (13) delivers the sample liquid to the doctor blade (8). 27. Device for carrying out the method according to claims 1 to 10 with an application device with a pouring basin with an overflow edge extending in the width direction of the fabric, characterized in that the feeding device (13) the individual quantities. (11) of the sample liquid in the pouring basin ( 14). 28. Device for performing the method according to claims 1 to 10 with a liquid container which is connected to a slot nozzle extending in the width direction of the fabric, characterized in that the feed device (13) the individual quantities (11) of the sample liquid in the liquid container ( 16) issues. 29. Device for carrying out the method according to claims 11 to 22, with an inclined drain surface arranged transversely above the web and with a feed device, by means of which a liquid can be applied in the upper region of the drain surface, which in a layer over the drain surface and of the latter bottom edge runs down onto the webs, characterized in that the feed device is designed as a row of nozzles (21) extending transversely across the web, which delivers the carrier liquid onto the drainage surface (19). 30. The device according to claim 29, characterized in that a row of controllable valves (101) extending across the web (1) is provided for the sample liquid (108). 31. The device according to claim 30, characterized in that under the outlet openings (107) of the valves (104) a transversely above the web (1) and the first outlet surface (119) arranged second inclined outlet surface (104) dispensed sample liquid (108) in the layer (125) flowing down on the first drainage surface (119) merges. 32. Apparatus according to claim 31, characterized in that the second drainage surface on (109) in several transverse to the web (1) adjacent to each other, by lateral approaching in the fall direction edge webs (140) is divided into chute-like individual links (139). 33. Apparatus according to claim 32, characterized in that each individual member (139) is assigned a plurality of valves (104) of the sample liquid. 34. Device according to one of claims 31 - 33, characterized in that a second feed device is provided which also releases a layer (115) of a carrier liquid on the second drainage surface (109) above the area where the sample liquid (108) strikes. 35. Apparatus according to claim 34, characterized in that the second feed device is designed as a row of nozzles (111) directed against the second outlet surface (119). 36. Device according to one of claims 29 to 35, characterized in that a third feed device for carrier liquid is provided which directs carrier liquid against the lower region of the first drainage surface (119) in order to unevenly flow down the layer (125) there. 37. Apparatus according to claim 20, characterized in that the feed device is designed as a row of nozzles (131) arranged transversely over the web (1). 38. Apparatus according to claim 13, 19 or 21, characterized in that the nozzles (113, 123, 133) of at least one of the nozzle rows (111, 121, 131) can be moved back and forth in a controlled manner transversely to the web (1). 39. Apparatus according to claim 29, 35, 37 or 38, characterized gekennzeicnnet that the nozzles (113, 123, 133) at least one of the nozzle rows (111, 121, 131) and / or at least one of the drain surfaces (109, 119) an axis transverse to the web (1) can be pivoted. 40. Device according to one of claims 29 to 39, characterized in that the drainage surfaces (109, 119) near their lower edge (130) has a longitudinally extending, to the drainage side (119 ') projecting step (128). 41. Apparatus according to claim 40, characterized in that the third feed device is directed into the groove (134) formed by the step (128). 42. Device according to one of claims 29 to 41, characterized in that flow obstacles in the form of upstanding knobs (126), ribs or the like are provided on the drain surfaces (109, 119). 43. Device according to one of claims 29 to 42, characterized in that a grid (139) is arranged under the lower edge (130) of the drain surface. 44. Device according to one of claims 29 to 44, characterized in that at least one of the nozzles (113, 123, 133) of the nozzle rows (111, 121, 131) and / or at least one of the drainage surfaces (109, 119) in their inclination angle are adjustable in the longitudinal plane perpendicular to the track.

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