EP0018619A1 - Security arrangement with at least one wire rope net for protecting objects situated behind it - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Safety installation for saving objects situated behind the installation from rockfalls, avalanches or other dangers connected with mechanical actions on the safety installation, comprising at least one wire rope net and supporting means for propping or suspending the wire rope net, characterized in that the wire rope net (1; A-M) consists at least partly of wire rope (7, 8; 30, 31) having in its core at least one insulated electrical conductor (15, 16), the electrical conductor or conductors being connected to an electrical warning device (4; 35) responding and actuating an alarm system (5; 36) already below the loading limit of the whole installation in response to sudden changes, caused by mechanical actions, of the electrical properties of the line-system formed by the electrical conductor or conductors within the wire rope net or nets.

Description

The invention relates to a security system for securing objects located behind the same, in particular against dangers associated with falling rocks, avalanches and other mechanical influences on the security system, with at least one wire rope network and support means for supporting or suspending the wire rope network.

Security systems of this type, in particular against falling rocks and avalanches, have been known for a long time and have generally proven themselves very well. However, it is of course clear with all these safety systems that they can only fulfill their safety function within the framework of the technical conditions of the system, that is, there is an upper limit of the load capacity of such a system, if exceeded, the system will be damaged and can therefore no longer fulfill its safety function under unfavorable circumstances. This upper limit value of the load capacity can of course be freely selected in principle, but since, on the other hand, the technical effort for the system also increases, the higher the limit value of the load capacity is used when designing the system, this limit value is usually not at the upper limit. of what would be technically feasible, but it is tailored to the local conditions at the installation site of the security system. These local conditions are first of all - since such safety systems are set up at places where there is a risk of falling rocks or avalanches or, more correctly, at places where falling rocks or avalanches have occurred several times - the experience with the previously occurring rock beds or avalanches and, of course, the shape and nature of the terrain in the area between the triggering location and the security system, such as average slope, ground conditions and the distance between the triggering location and the security system and, in the case of avalanche security systems, additional maximum snow thickness, slope exposure and sliding factor. As a rule, the procedure is such that the upper limit value of the load capacity of the safety system is many times greater than the maximum load resulting from previous experience and still a considerable safety factor higher than that resulting from the terrain, etc., in theory under the most unfavorable The resulting maximum load chooses, however since, as is well known, natural events are not absolutely predictable in their strength, it still happens here and there that safety systems cannot withstand extremely strong rock falls or avalanches and are either severely damaged by them or even collapse. Now, in almost all cases, these security systems are intended for property security, whereby the objects to be secured are very often also roads, track systems and other traffic routes in addition to buildings and other fixed facilities, and in particular with traffic routes secured with such security systems, extremely strong stone chips or Avalanches that the security system is not up to and the. therefore penetrate into the traffic route, known to be a latent danger not only at the moment of decline but also after its removal from the traffic route, because the vehicles moving on the traffic route often do not stop in time for the stone chipping or avalanche and there are no alternatives on Sohienenwege anyway, and on the mountain roads, which are mainly at risk of falling rocks and avalanches, there are usually also no opportunities; In addition, mountain roads are usually very winding and therefore confusing, which increases the risk of late detection of falling rocks or avalanches on mountain roads. But even in buildings and other fixed facilities secured with such security systems, damage to the security system due to extremely strong stone chips or avalanches is a latent danger, mainly when the safety system is still able to stop the extremely strong rockfall or avalanche, but is so badly damaged that it no longer offers sufficient protection for subsequent rockfalls or avalanches. Experience has shown that the effectiveness of a security system can be relied on if it has always met the requirements so far, so that, for example, in the event of falling rocks or an avalanche at night, the security system should be checked for any damage before the next morning, and of course, this can be fatal if the safety system is very badly damaged in the event of a repeated stone chipping or an avalanche on the same night, because the second decline may then trigger the extremely severe decline that was initially stopped by the security system. It does not always have to be negligence with regard to checking the security system in the game, because in many cases the buildings and fixed facilities to be secured are uninhabited and are also in uninhabited areas, so that declines from stone chips or avalanches are not immediately noticed . The same naturally also applies to secluded and little-used traffic routes secured with such security systems, as the previously discussed case of severe but not yet leading to breakdown of such a security system naturally also represents a latent danger for traffic routes secured with it. For the reasons mentioned above, the security of Si Increase security systems of the type of objects mentioned at the outset substantially, if damage to such a security system would immediately trigger an alarm at all points in danger as well as at the points responsible for eliminating the damage and automatically block a traffic route secured with the security system.

The invention was therefore based on the object of providing a security system of the type mentioned, in which an alarm is triggered immediately in the event of substantial damage to the system.

According to the invention, this is achieved in a security system of the type mentioned at the outset in that the wire rope network consists at least in part of wire rope, in the core of which at least one insulated electrical conductor is arranged, and in that the electrical conductor (s) is connected to an electrical warning device, the sudden changes in the electrical properties caused by mechanical influences of the electrical conductors formed by the insulated one or more within the or the wire rope networks. ten line system, in particular to damage to or of the wire cable networks or breakage of the insulated electrical conductors caused by overloading of the security system, and an alarm system is actuated.

The present security system has the advantage that the extra effort for the actual means of the festival Position of damage to the safety system, namely for the electrical conductors in the wire ropes, is negligible and nevertheless, with the help of these simple means which cause almost no additional expense, any damage can be determined at any point on the wire rope nets or their suspension and that the warning device and the Alarm system very simple and - which is important in the present case - can be robust and therefore cause no significant additional effort; in the simplest case, the warning device can consist of a single relay and the alarm system can consist of a simple bell. The only significant additional effort for the present security system arises from the connection between the security system and the location of the alarm system, which is usually relatively far away, provided that you do not want to rely on a radio connection, but this additional effort is system-related, i.e. it always occurs when damage to the security system is to trigger an alarm at a distant location.

In the present security system, the individual wire rope networks can advantageously be formed by a single continuous wire rope, in the core of which an insulated electrical conductor is arranged. The wire rope can be useful to form the wire rope network in the form of two intersecting meandering lines, which are traversed by the wire rope one after the other, or in the form of a section at a 45 ° angle to the sides of a substantially qua dynamic laying frame from base to base of the laying frame and at each base angled at approximately a right angle or also in other laying forms leading, for example, to a wire rope network with rhombic meshes and mechanically connected at the crossing points and possibly also intertwined. In such a construction, a single continuous wire rope is preferably subjected to a quiescent current on the electrical conductor arranged in it, which suddenly occurs in the event of an overload breakage of the wire rope network and thus of the said continuous wire rope and thus a breakage of the electric conductor arranged in the core of the wire rope is interrupted, and the warning device connected to the conductor and supplying it with the quiescent current then actuates the alarm system when the quiescent current is interrupted by one of the wire cable networks of the security system. If the safety system consists of several such wire ropes, each formed by a continuous wire rope, then the electrical conductors arranged in the wire ropes forming the individual wire rope nets can advantageously be connected in series, this series connection being supplied with a quiescent current which, in the event of an overload, of one of the wire rope nets and thus the wire rope forming this wire rope network and thus a break in the electrical conductor arranged in the core of this wire rope is suddenly interrupted, and the warning device actuates the alarm system when the quiescent current is interrupted. However, each wire cable network can of course also have its own closed circuit, which can be advantageous for locating the breaking point.

However, in the event of an overload breakage of a wire rope provided with an insulated electric conductor in its core, the electric wire which has also been torn at the break point may come into contact with the wire rope at both ends of the break point, although this case in itself is not very likely is because, as a rule, when an insulated electrical conductor is torn, one of the two ends of the conductor at the tear point remains covered by the insulating sheath that forms the insulation and only at the other end of the conductor does a piece of uninsulated conductor protrude from the torn insulating sheath, and thus usually only one of the the two ends of the wire can come into contact with the wire rope at the bruising point. In the unlikely, but nevertheless possible and therefore not excluded, case that the conductor comes into contact with the wire rope at both ends of the break point, there is now the possibility that the quiescent current will not be interrupted despite the rope break and the associated conductor break , and that is when the conductor, before it finally breaks, comes into contact with both ends of the wire rope at the breaking point and this contact is maintained even after the conductor has broken at both ends of the broken wire rope. Such a possibility would not be excluded, for example, if the insulating jacket of the conductor is squeezed off the conductor during the rope break. In this case, the closed circuit would then run at the breaking point via the wire cable network, and the warning device would then, despite the broken cable, in any case to the criterion "interruption of rest do not respond because the quiescent circuit is never interrupted either after the rope breaks or after it. To ensure that the warning device responds reliably in the event of a rope break, it is necessary to design the warning device in such a way that it can also be used electrical connection between the wire cable and the electrical conductor, which can advantageously be achieved in that there is an electrical voltage between the insulated electrical conductor and the wire cable and the warning device also in the event of a current flow from the electrical conductor to the wire cable, in particular in the event of a short circuit between the electrical cables Conductor and wire rope, the alarm system actuates.However, it must be mentioned that this further safety measure of an additional idling circuit with the response criterion "circuit sole connection via a connection between the electrical conductor and wire rope" in addition to the response criterion "current circuit isunterbreohung the quiescent circuit running over the electrical conductor "in any case if in the warning device for detecting interruptions in the quiescent current, a relay or flip-flop switching to short-term interruptions in the quiescent current and remaining after this interruption in this switch position is provided, in in practice it is unlikely to ever come into play because the probability for the case theoretically discussed above that the quiescent current is not interrupted at all during the rope break is only extraordinarily small; because as a rule it is likely to be very unlikely anyway Case that after a rope break both conductor ends come into contact with the corresponding wire rope ends at the break point, during the rope break the contact of at least one of the two conductor ends with the corresponding wire rope end is at least briefly interrupted, and the resulting short-term interruption of the closed-circuit current is sufficient for the above-mentioned relay - or flip-flop already to switch over to alarming.

In a preferred embodiment of the present safety system, the wire rope network is formed by two wire ropes, in the core of each of which an insulated electrical conductor is arranged, and the two wire ropes are preferably arranged to form the wire rope network so that both wire ropes are located at each node of the wire rope network cross. To form the wire rope net, the two wire ropes can expediently be laid in the form of two intersecting meandering lines, each of which is traversed by one of the two wire ropes, or else in other laying shapes leading to a wire rope net with square or rhombic meshes and at the crossing points mechanically connected and possibly also intertwined. This form of training is particularly advantageous if the wire rope net is suspended at its four corners via rope connections, because in this case the four rope connections _' for hanging the wire rope net can be formed directly by the four rope ends of the two wire ropes and thus the suspension of the wire rope net without electrical intermediate Connections at the corners of the network can be included in the security system, e.g. by connecting each of the two wire ropes of the wire rope network to the warning device with its own closed circuit so that at least one of the two closed circuits is interrupted if the network breaks or its suspension. As an additional safety measure, there can advantageously be an electrical voltage between the electrical conductor of each of the two wire cables and the relevant wire cable or the wire cable network, and between the electrical conductors of the two wire cables, the warning device for current flow from one or both electrical conductors the wire cable network and when current flows from one of the electrical conductors to the other, in particular in the event of a short circuit between the cable network and one or both electrical conductors and in the event of a short circuit between the two electrical conductors, the alarm system is actuated.

With the aforementioned preferred embodiment of the present safety system, however, the electrical conductors of the two wire cables can also advantageously be connected in series and acted upon by a quiescent current, which in the event of an overload break in the wire cable network and thus in the breakage of at least one of the two wire cables and thus . a break in the electrical conductor arranged in the core of the relevant wire rope is suddenly interrupted; in this case, the warning device actuates one of the wire rope networks of the safety system when the quiescent current is interrupted the alarm system. This series connection of the electrical conductors of the two wire ropes of the wire rope network is of course also possible in the case mentioned above, in which the wire rope network is suspended from the four rope ends of the two wire ropes, because even in this case, if the network is torn or suspended, the through the series circuit flowing quiescent current interrupted. Furthermore, of course, even with such a series connection of the electrical conductors of the two wire cables of the wire cable network, as an additional safety measure, there can advantageously be an electrical voltage between the two electrical conductors connected in series and the wire cable network, the warning device then being designed such that it is not only in the event of an interruption of the quiescent current flowing through the series connection, but also when the current flows from one of the two or two electrical conductors to the wire cable network, in particular in the event of a short circuit between the cable network and one or both electrical conductors, the alarm system is actuated.

If the security system comprises a plurality of wire cable networks, which are formed in accordance with the preferred embodiment of two wire cables in each case, in the core of which an insulated electrical conductor is arranged, then the electrical conductors arranged in the wire cables of the wire cable networks can advantageously be a first and a second second series connection that each of the two series connections of each wire cable network each one of the two wire cables or the electri arranged therein leader. The two series circuits can form two separate quiescent circuits or can also be connected in series to form a common quiescent circuit comprising both series circuits. In the former case, as an additional safety measure, there can advantageously be an electrical voltage between each of the two series circuits and the wire cable networks and between the two series circuits, the warning device not only when one of the two closed circuit circuits is interrupted, but also when current flows from one or both series circuits to the cable network and in the event of current flow from one of the two series connections to the other, in particular in the event of a short circuit between the wire cable networks and one or both series connections and in the event of a short circuit between the two series connections, the alarm system is actuated. Preferably, however, the two series connections are connected in series and are supplied with a quiescent current which, in the event of an overload breakage, causes one of the wire cable networks and thus at least one of the wire cables forming this cable network, and thus a break in the core. this wire rope arranged electrical conductor is suddenly interrupted, and the warning device actuates the alarm system in the event of such an interruption of the quiescent current. As an additional safety measure, there can advantageously be an electrical voltage between the two series-connected series holdings and the wire cable networks, the warning device not only when the quiescent current is interrupted but also when current flows from one of the two or both series connections to the Cable networks, operated especially at short circuit between the wire rope nets and one or both Reihenschaltun ^g s, the alarm system.

If the present security system comprises several wire rope networks, it can also be advantageous if a separate response circuit with an assigned response element is provided in the warning device for each of the wire rope networks and the alarm system, when one of these response elements responds, indicates in addition to the alarm system which one of the response elements has responded or on which of the wire rope nets the alarm-causing damage has occurred. For example, each wire cable network can be assigned its own closed circuit and a relay or flip-flop switching to the alarm system when the current is interrupted, and a separate frequency assigned to the relevant cable network can be used to transmit the response of this response device from the warning device to the alarm system. Such an indication of the damaged wire rope network (s) is advantageous in addition to the alarm, especially for the disaster service or those responsible for the repair of the damage, because they immediately get an idea of the extent of the damage to the security system (damage to or several wire rope networks) and about the current danger situation (location of the damaged wire rope network (s) within the safety system) and can make the necessary decisions immediately. For example Immediate disaster relief would not be absolutely necessary if one of the wire rope nets in a safety system built in a staggered manner in the form of several network groups arranged in a row was damaged, because an immediate inspection and then a normal repair by a construction team would suffice here be.

In general, in the present safety system, wire ropes should also be expediently provided for suspending or fastening the wire rope nets to the support means mentioned at the beginning, in the core of which at least one insulated electrical conductor connected to the warning device is arranged, so that one of these wire ropes is broken or damaged Alarm is triggered. The quiescent current or the voltage to the electrical conductors arranged within the wire ropes forming the wire ropes is preferably supplied via the insulated electrical conductors in the wire ropes used to suspend the wire rope nets. In this regard, it is particularly advantageous if, as already explained in connection with the preferred embodiment, the rope ends of the wire rope or wires forming the wire rope net can be used to suspend the wire rope nets.

In some cases, it can finally be advantageous if the warning device of the present safety system not only detects damage to the wire rope network Safety system that have resulted in an interruption of the quiescent current flowing through the conductors in the wire ropes forming the wire rope networks or a short circuit in the voltage applied between these conductors and the wire ropes or wire rope networks, but also in the event of minor damage, such as over the elastic range Extensions at one or more points of the wire rope network (s) or, for example, local deformations of the rope cross-section of the wire rope forming the wire rope network and other overloads of the safety system, which do not yet result in the breakage of one of the wire rope forming the rope, responds. For example, rockfalls and avalanches can be determined in this way, which are caught by the security system without causing serious damage to the security system, and such findings are important inasmuch as falling rockfalls or avalanches represent a basic load on the security system, which can be resilient for subsequent users Stone chips or avalanches are reduced and therefore the risk of overloading or collapse of parts of the system in the event of subsequent stone chips or avalanches may be considerably increased. The detection of stone chips or avalanches that have been caught is therefore also a signal to inspect the system and, if necessary _, to remove the basic pollution mentioned. In addition, for example, in the case of a security system for securing a traffic route during the period of existence of the said increased risk of falling on the rockfall or

Warning sign indicating avalanche danger, a flashing light is switched on or other measures are taken to reduce the risk for the users of the traffic route. It is therefore particularly advantageous for remote safety systems that are not constantly under surveillance if the warning device responds not only to an interruption of the above-mentioned quiescent current or short-circuit of the stated voltage but also to sudden, significant changes in the absolute values of these quantities and if such changes occur immediately The following closed-circuit current interruption or voltage short-circuit in the alarm system triggers a pre-alarm, which indicates damage and overstressing of the security system, which have not or have not yet led to a closed-circuit current interruption or a voltage short-circuit. Such a change in the absolute value of a voltage applied between the wire cable network and conductors via a high resistance occurs, for example, in the event of a strong mechanical impact on the cable network, in the form of a decaying voltage oscillation superimposed on the rest voltage. At the same time, however, there is usually a relatively small current oscillation of the current flowing through the time around the quiescent current value. The voltage oscillation may be due to short-term changes in capacitance between the cable network and the conductor caused by the mechanical shock, while the current oscillation is likely to be caused by a change in inductance due to the displacement of the ferromagnetic material surrounding the conductor relative to the conductor during the mechanical shock. On In any case, such superimposed electrical vibrations can be measured and can therefore be used as a response criterion.

If the present security system is used to secure traffic routes, in particular roads and track systems, then the alarm system should expediently include devices for automatically blocking the traffic route when an alarm is triggered. This further training has the essential advantage that the risk of falling onto falling rockfalls or avalanches is practically completely eliminated.

• Fig. 1 ein besonders einfaches Ausführungsbeispiel einer Sicherungsanlage nach der Erfindung,
• Fig. 2 eine schematische Darstellung eines für Sicherungsanlagen nach der Erfindung verwendbaren Drahtseilnetzes mit zwei in Form von sich kreuzenden Mäanderlinien gelegten Drahtseilen, das an den Vier Seilenden der beiden Drahtseile aufhängbar ist,
• Fig. 3 bis 7 ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer Sicherungsanlage nach der Erfindung zur Sicherung einer Bergstrasse mit schematischem Aufbau der Sioherungsanlage (Fig. 3), Warneinrichtung (Fig. 4 und 5) und Alarmanlage (Fig. 6 und 7).

The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of the following figures using a few exemplary embodiments. Show it

• 1 shows a particularly simple embodiment of a security system according to the invention,
• 2 shows a schematic representation of a wire rope network which can be used for security systems according to the invention, with two wire ropes laid in the form of intersecting meandering lines and which can be suspended from the four rope ends of the two wire ropes,
• 3 to 7 another embodiment of a security system according to the invention for securing a mountain road with a schematic structure of the security system (Fig. 3), warning device (Fig. 4 and 5) and alarm system (Fig. 6 and 7).

In the embodiment of a security system according to the invention shown in Fig. 1, the system consists essentially of the wire rope network 1 with support means 2 and 3 for suspension thereof, the warning device 4, the alarm system 5 and the connecting line 6 between the warning device and alarm system.

The wire rope network 1 _' consists in detail of a relatively strong first wire rope 7 forming the network frame, a somewhat weaker second wire rope 8 forming the actual network, a connecting element 9 at each node of the network for connecting the intersecting sections of the wire rope 8 , two spacers 10 on the lower corner loops 11 and 12 of the first wire rope 7 forming the net frame and a clamping member 13 for closing the corner loop 11 by non-positive connection of the rope ends of this first wire rope 7. The second wire rope 8 forming the actual net is in the form of a sectionally in each case at a 45 ^° angle to the sides of the network frame formed by the first wire rope 7 from one loop of the wire rope 7 to the next and at each loop point angled at approximately a right angle so that the actual network of a single continuous wire rope, namely the wire rope 8, ge is forming. The wire rope. net 1 is suspended from the two hooks 2 with the two upper eok loops 14 of the first wire rope 7 and hooked into the two anchors 3 with the two lower eokso loops 11 and 12 of the wire rope 7. Both that the network frame and the corner loops for hanging or hanging the wire rope network 1 forming the first wire rope 7 as well as the actual network forming the second wire rope 8 is provided with an insulated electrical conductor arranged in the core of the wire rope. The electrical conductors 15 and 16 arranged in the wire cables 7 and 8 in FIG. 1 are visible at the cable ends led into the warning device 4, where the conductors 15 and 16 come out of the wire cables 7 and 8, respectively.

Within the warning device 4, the electrical conductors 15 and 16 are connected in series by the intermediate connection 17, and this series connection is connected via the main winding 18 and the contact 19 of the closed-circuit current relay 20 to the two-pole connecting line 6 between the warning device and the alarm system. The quiescent current relay 20 is also provided with a secondary winding 21, the number of windings and winding resistance of which coincide with that of the main winding 18 and which is preferably wound on the coil form of the relay together with the main winding in the manner of a bifilar winding. This secondary winding 21 is connected on the one hand to the connection between the main winding 18 and contact 19 and on the other hand to the two wire ropes 7 and 8 forming the wire rope network 1 or to the wires forming these wire ropes and poled so that when current flows through the secondary winding 21, the self-retention the relay-directed effect of the current flowing through the main winding 18 is canceled. Sohliesslioh contains the warning device 4 still a schal parallel to the contact 19 of the closed-circuit relay 20 Teten start switch 22 for short-term bridging of the contact 19 when the safety system is switched on at the start of operation or the same is switched on again after the removal of damage which has led to the interruption of the closed-circuit current and thus to the relay 20 dropping out.

The connecting line 6 leads to the alarm system 5, which in the present case essentially consists of a bridge circuit 23 with a current source 24 above the one diagonal of the bridge and a bell 25 or a siren above the other diagonal of the bridge, in which a bridge branch from the connection line 6 and the warning device 4 connected to it and the wire cable network 1 connected to it or from the resistor 26 shown in dashed lines in FIG. 1, the connecting line 6, warning device 4 and the cable network 1 together, and the remaining bridge branches are formed by fixed resistors 28 and 29 . The size of the fixed resistors 27, 28 and 29 is selected so that the bridge circuit 23 is balanced when the safety system is in operation. The two fixed resistors 27 and 28 are preferably of the same size, and the size of the fixed resistor 29 corresponds to the sum of the winding resistance of the main winding 18 of the relay 20 and the line resistances of the two conductors 15 and 16 and the connecting line 6.

The mode of operation cer shown in FIG. 1 is as follows: when the safety system is in operation, the lock bracket 23 is according to the above the versions compared and the voltage on the bell 25 is therefore zero, ie the bell 25 is switched off when the safety system is intact. On _'the connection line 6 is supplied with a bias current in this case, the warning device 4, the 18 of the self-sustaining with this quiescent current bias current relay 20, and then disposed in the warning device 4 via the contact 19 and the main winding through the inside of the wire cables 7 and 8, in Series connected electrical conductors 16 and 15 flows. If the wire rope network 1 is now damaged by stone chips, an avalanche or other mechanical effects and thereby one of the two wire ropes 7 or 8 or both breaks at one or more points, then the electrical conductor arranged in the relevant wire rope also tears at these points , and thus the quiescent current flowing through the series-connected electrical conductors 15 and 16 is generally interrupted. With this interruption of the quiescent current, the main winding 18 of the quiescent current relay 20 is de-energized, and thus the relay drops out and the contact 19 opens. With the drop of the relay 20 and the simultaneous opening of the contact 19, the closed circuit is finally interrupted and can not close again if both ends of the wire at the breaking point after a short interruption of the closed circuit come into contact with the wire rope or the wire rope network and therefore the the original point of interruption is bridged again. Only in the highly unlikely case already discussed at the beginning, that no quiescent current is interrupted during the Seilbruohes because of the Before the wire breaks, the conductor at the breaking point gets contact with both ends of the wire at the breaking point and this contact is maintained even after the wire breaks, and in the also very unlikely case that both ends of the wire at the breaking point already fall below the fall time of the Relay 20 break time of the quiescent current contact with the wire rope or the wire rope network, the quiescent current would continue to flow after the rope break. In these cases, however, the secondary winding 21 of the quiescent current relay 20 comes into action, via which the voltage drop corresponding to the voltage drop across the main winding 18 is applied to the wire cable network 1 or the wire cables 7 and 8 relative to the conductors 15 and 16 connected in series. Because with the resulting Kor act between the conductor and the wire rope at the breaking point, this voltage is short-circuited or the circuit running through the secondary winding 21 is closed, and since the winding resistance of the secondary winding 21 is as large as that of the main winding 18, then flows via the secondary winding 21 a practically the same current as via the main winding 18, which virtually completely eliminates the magnetic field generated by the main winding 18 because of the reverse polarity of the secondary winding 21 and thus causes the relay 20 to drop. When the relay 20 drops, the contact 19 then opens, and the closed circuit is then finally interrupted even in these exceptional cases. It should be mentioned in this connection that the same is also the case with an ordinary quiescent current relay is achievable that has only one main winding, but no secondary winding; in this case, the wire ropes 7 and 8 or the wire rope network 1 would be connected directly to the connection between the main winding 18 and the contact 19 in FIG. 1, and in the case of the aforementioned short circuit the voltage applied between the wire rope network 1 and the conductors 15 and 16 would then be the Main winding 18 practically short-circuited and thus the relay 20 is also brought down. Furthermore, it should be mentioned that, of course, appropriate electronic relays can also be used instead of electromagnetic relays, which also has the advantage of significantly shorter switching times and thus the switching of the relay even in the case of only very brief interruptions in the quiescent current which are below the fall time of an electromagnetic relay brings with it. If an electromagnetic relay 20 is used as in FIG. 1, the decay time can be reduced by making the winding resistance as large as possible or by making the ratio of winding inductance to winding resistance as small as possible; in any case, the winding resistance of the windings 18 and 21 should be substantially greater than the resistance of the conductors 15 and 16 connected in series and should be at least 10 times, preferably more than 100 times the same.

In the alarm system 5, at the moment of the interruption of the quiescent current flowing via the connecting line 6 to the warning device 4, the deflection of the bridge circuit 23 and thus the voltage zero via the bell 25 is canceled and over the resistors 27 and 29 a current is driven by the bell 27 so that it starts to ring and thus gives an alarm.

It is essential in the security system shown in Fig. 1 that it can practically not be put out of operation, neither by damage to the warning device 4 or the connecting line 6 in the event of a disaster, nor by arbitrary interventions aimed at preventing the alarm being triggered; if the connecting line 6 is short-circuited at any point by damage to the line itself or the warning device 4 or also by an arbitrary intervention which is aimed at maintaining the quiescent current in order to prevent the alarm, the adjustment of the bridge circuit 23 in the alarm system 5 is canceled and so that alarm triggered. The same naturally also applies if the connecting line 6 breaks, which corresponds to an interruption in the closed-circuit current. The only way to put the security system out of operation by means of an arbitrary intervention would be to terminate the connecting line with a resistor corresponding to the winding resistance of the winding 18, but this possibility could also be prevented by already opening the bell 25 in the event of a short-term cancellation of the bridge adjustment, the switching relay switches on, because it is practically impossible to simultaneously sew the sewing resistance at the same time as disconnecting the connecting line 6 from the warning device 4, and if only one shortly before or after, there is a short-term cancellation of the bridge adjustment of the bridge maintenance 23 with such a relay control of the bell 25 for alarming. Due to the fact that the security system shown in FIG. 1 can practically not be put out of operation, this is also suitable for securing objects against arbitrary or violent illegal interference, for example in the form of a fence around the object to be secured with wire rope nets designed in accordance with the present invention.

Of course, with the security system in Fig. 1 instead of the one wire rope network 1 shown there, several wire rope networks may also be provided, in which case the insulated electrical conductors arranged within the individual wire rope networks would then have to be connected in series, so that they all flow through the same quiescent current supplied via the connecting line 6. In addition, for example, for fences or gates made from such wire rope nets, the individual wire rope nets can also have a rectangular shape instead of the approximately square shape shown in FIG. 1, and finally it is also possible to construct an entire fence or an entire fence from a single, very elongated one To form wire rope net. For the construction of security systems with. A larger number of wire rope nets with electrical conductors connected in series is, however, suitable for the construction of wire rope nets shown schematically in FIG. 2 with two meandering lines laid in the form of intersecting lines Wire ropes 30 and 31 as well as a net frame 32 made of a self-contained wire rope somewhat better, because with such a construction of the individual wire rope nets the nets arranged next to one another to form a fence or gate can be connected much more easily; because, as shown in FIG. 2, the two wire ropes 30 and 31 forming the wire rope network begin at the two ends of one side of the network and end at the two ends of the opposite side of the network, so that in the case of networks arranged side by side, the conductors of the same Place wire ropes coming out of neighboring networks can be directly connected to each other. In addition, in the case of a construction as in FIG. 2, it is also possible to use the wire cables coming out on one side of the network directly for the construction of the next adjacent network and in this way to build up a plurality of networks arranged next to one another with two continuous wire cables.

1 that the warning device 4 can be further simplified there by omitting the relay 20 including the contact 19 and the start switch 22 and instead only the one in FIG. 1 via the contact 19 and the main winding 18 of the relay 20 is connected to the conductor 16, the pole of the connecting line 6 is connected to the conductor 16 via a resistor which is large in relation to the newspaper resistance of the series-connected conductors 15 and 16, and also to the connection point between this pole and the said large resistance, the wire rope network 1 or the wire ropes 7 and 8 are connected. The effect of this simplified circuit is almost the same as with the relay 20, except that in the case that is hardly possible in practice that after a cable break the conductor ends of the conductor torn at the break point come into contact again without also using the wire cable to come into contact, the alarm signal which begins with the tearing of the conductor is switched off again as soon as the conductor ends come into contact again at the breaking point; this is not possible with the circuit in FIG. 1 because there the relay 20 drops when the conductor is torn and thus the closed circuit is finally interrupted by the simultaneous opening of the contact 19. A further simplification of the circuit in FIG. 1 is still possible in the alarm system 5 if the voltage source 24 has a tap; In this case, the fixed resistors 28 and 29 can be omitted and the pole of the bell 25 connected to this in Fig. 1 can be connected to this tap, but then the fixed resistor 27 must be selected so that the voltage when the fuse system is in operation above the bell 25 is zero. In this context, it should also be pointed out that an AC voltage source can of course also be used instead of the DC voltage source 24 in FIG. 1, but the power supply to the security system should expediently primarily come from a buffer battery built into the alarm system 5 and which is constantly recharged from the network , so that the safety system does not fail in the event of a mains power failure.

However, if the security system damage not only at heavy loading _'such as cable breakage of one of the cable networks of the plant forming wire rope but lighter already at, not to appeal to a cable break leading damage or About stresses the plant, then is a bit more complicated structure of the warning device and the alarm system as required for the security system in Fig. 1.

FIGS. 3 to 7 show an exemplary embodiment of such a security system which already responds to slight damage and overloading of the wire cable networks or their suspensions. This safety system serves, as can be seen in FIG. 3, to secure Bergstrasse 33 against the penetration of falling rocks falling into gorge 34 as far as this street. For this purpose, a series of elongated wire rope nets A to M are staggered in the gorge 34 in front of Bergstrasse 33 in such a way that stone chips from the front nets A and M, B and L, and C and K are not absorbed but only with energy loss is guided into a kind of funnel, which is formed by the nets A to D and K to M and catches rockfalls of normal strength without any damage to the nets. In the case of very heavy stone chips, however, it can happen that the net D arranged at the bottom of the funnel tears or breaks down,. then the nets E and I catch the rockfall. To further increase security, another group of networks F, G and H is arranged behind these networks E and I nooh, but at most in the case of pronounced catastrophes are used. In such a funnel-shaped structure of a rockfall protection system, the rockfalls collected by the system accumulate at the funnel base, i.e. in front of the network D, and form a basic load on the network D and possibly also the networks 0 and K, which determine the resilience of these networks for subsequent ones Stone chips are reduced and, especially for network D, the risk of a collapse in subsequent rock bottom layers increases. For the areas entrusted with the monitoring of the security system and the elimination of such basic loads and possible damage, it is therefore important to determine falling rockfalls, which are absorbed by the system without significant damage leading to the alarm, at the moment of the decline to be able to and then to be able to assess their course and, if necessary, their strength. For this purpose, the warning device 35 of the security system shown in the block diagram in FIG. 4 is designed such that, firstly, it not only responds to the response criteria already used in the security system in FIG. 1, but also to the above-mentioned, strong mechanical impacts on the wire cable network the voltage applied between the conductor and cable network responsive and, secondly, each provided with a separate response circuit for each of the networks a to M, the derten via a sepa- _'channel of an existing between warning means 35 and alarm 36 radio link with an associated receiving circuit in the alarm system 36 is connected. The structure of such a contact holder 37 is in the blooks holder 5 and the structure of one of these receiving circuits 38 is also shown in a block circuit in FIG. 7. By means of the response circuits 37A to 37M assigned to the individual networks A to M, for each network there is firstly a broken rope in the network or its suspension with the response criterion "interruption of the quiescent current flowing through the conductors in the wire cables forming the network and / or short circuit between one of these conductors and the wire cable network "and secondly strong mechanical impacts on the network with the response criterion" voltage fluctuations of the voltage lying between the conductor and the cable network exceeding a predetermined threshold value "and via the assigned channel of said radio connection between warning device 35 and alarm system 36 to the assigned receiving circuit in FIG Alarm system 36 transmitted, and by means of the receiving circuits 38A to 38M assigned to the individual networks A to M, for each network are separately with a first display device 39 "broken rope in the network or its suspension" and with a second display direction.40 "Strong mechanical impacts on the network" if the corresponding response criteria are present in the assigned response circuit. The pairs of display devices 39 and 40 assigned to the individual networks A to M can advantageously be arranged in the same way as the networks A to M in FIG. 3 and consist of differently colored lamps, for example a red lamp for rope breakage in the assigned network and a yellow lamp for mechanical impacts on the assigned network. On a scoreboard constructed like this with the nets The lamp pairs arranged in Fig. 3 can be seen at a glance the entire situation in the event of a rock fall: the yellow lamps on the board indicate which nets the rock fall has hit, and any red lamps that light up indicate damaged nets where either the Net itself or its suspension is torn. From the number and position of the yellow lamps that are lit up, conclusions can be drawn as to the strength and path of the stone chipping, and if the red lamps are lit up, it can be seen whether the yellow lamps of the nets arranged behind the damaged nets are lit up or not the damaged nets marked with the flashing red lamps could not withstand the falling rocks or could stop them despite their damage. Finally, the lighting up of one of the two red lamps assigned to networks E and I, in particular in connection with the lighting up of one of the yellow lamps assigned to networks F, G and H, shows the acute danger of the stone chipping breaking through Security system and the lighting of one of the red lamps assigned to the networks F, G and H indicate such a breakthrough.

The mode of operation of the cleaning system shown in FIGS. 3 to 7 can be described with reference to the following. Explain the mode of operation of the response circuits 37A to 37M and of the 'receive circuits 38A to 38M' on the block diagrams of these circuits shown in FIGS. 5 and 7: The address circuit 37 shown in FIG Connections 41 and 42 connected to the two ends of the insulated electrical conductor or the series-connected conductor of the assigned network and with the connection 43 to the wire cables of the assigned network. The voltage source 44 drives, via the high-resistance value 45, a quiescent current flowing through the low-resistance conductor or the series-connected conductors of the assigned network and, at the same time, applies a voltage across the high-resistance resistor 46 of the same size as that of the resistor 45 to the wire cables of the assigned network the conductor located within these wire ropes. In the normal case, the voltage drop across the resistor 45 is approximately + U and across the resistor 46 is zero if .U denotes the level of the voltage of the voltage source 44. The input voltage of the diode circuit 47 to earth is therefore normally + U .. If a rope break occurs in the assigned network, then the input voltage of the diode circuit 47 changes. There are the following options: If only the conductor arranged in the wire rope is connected to the Bruohstelle travels, but there is no contact between the conductor and the wire rope, then the quiescent current flowing through the conductor before the rope breaks is interrupted and thus the voltage drop across resistor 45 zero; the voltage drop across resistor 46 remains zero since the conductor has not come into contact with the wire rope. The input voltage of the diode circuit 47 to ground is therefore zero in this case. On the other hand, comes at the Seilbruoh in addition to tearing de, via which the voltage source 44 can drive a current through the resistor 46, then the voltage drop across the resistor 46 and thus the input voltage of the diode circuit 47 to ground becomes approximately -U. Finally, in the unlikely case discussed above in connection with FIG. 1, that the conductor at the breaking point of the cable gets contact with both ends of the wire rope at the breaking point before its final tearing and that this contact is maintained even after the conductor has torn and the above-mentioned quiescent current therefore occurs neither during nor after the cable break is interrupted does the voltage drop across resistor 45 remain approximately + U, and across resistor 46 there is a voltage drop of approximately -U to earth, so that the input voltage of diode circuit 47 to earth becomes approximately zero. The input voltage of the diode circuit 47 to earth, which is normally + U, therefore becomes zero or negative in the event of a cable break in the assigned network, so that the diode circuit 47 is blocked in the assigned network in the event of a cable break and thus the one connected to the output of the diode circuit 47, for example Relay 48 in the form of a flip-flop changes from its normal 1 state to the 0 state. With this transition to the 0 state, the relay 48 switches off the generator 49, which in the normal case, that is to say if the assigned network is undamaged, outputs a fundamental frequency characteristic of the assigned network via the modulator 50 to the output line 51. The presence of this fundamental frequency on the output line 51 therefore indicates that the associated cable network is intact is, while a lack of this fundamental frequency on the output line 51 is the sign of a rope break in the associated wire rope network or its suspension. Also connected to the output of the relay 48 is the inverter 52, which in the 0 state of the relay 48, that is to say in the event of a rope break in the associated network, outputs a current to the output line 53, while in the 1 state of the relay 48, that is in the case of an undamaged assigned network, does not deliver such electricity. The amplifier 54, the threshold circuit 55, the generator 56 and also the decoupler diode 57 are also provided in the trigger circuit 37 to determine strong mechanical impacts on the associated network, which do not result in a cable break in the network or its suspension. The input of the amplifier 54 is located above the resistor 46, through which a current flows when the voltage between the wire rope and the conductor of the associated network vibrates due to strong mechanical impacts on the network which is proportional to the voltage oscillation superimposed on the rest voltage between the wire rope and the conductor and causes a voltage drop corresponding to this voltage oscillation at the resistor 46. The positive half-waves of the voltage oscillation falling across the resistor 46 are amplified by the amplifier 54 and fed to the threshold circuit 55 which, when a certain threshold value of the energy content of the amplified half-waves is exceeded, emits an output signal which switches the generator 56 on and also via the decoupler. Diode 57 of the output line 58 is supplied. When it is switched on, the generator 56 to the modulator 50 a fixed frequency f _s with which the fundamental frequency f _o emitted by the generator 49 is modulated, so that the fundamental frequency and the two frequencies f _o + f _s and f _o - obtained by the modulation are then on the output line 51. f _s stand. The Anspreehschaltung 37 are thus a total of at undamaged and no bumps Exposed to an associated network via the output line 51 the fundamental frequency f _o and the other two output lines 53 and 58 not in severe mechanical shocks on the associated network via the output line 51, the frequencies f _o, f _o + f _s and f _o + f _s and via the output line 58 said output signal of the threshold circuit 55 and nothing via the output line 53 and finally in the event of a broken rope in the associated network or its suspension via the output line 51 depending on the construction of the modulator 50 either nothing or only the frequency f _s and via the output line 53 the current supplied by the inverter 52 and via the output line 58 the output signal of the threshold circuit 55. The device sizes output via the output lines of the response circuits 37A to 37M assigned to the individual networks A to M are processed in the warning device 35 as follows: The output lines 51 of the response circuits 37A to 37M lead to a transmitting device 59, which via a transmitting device 59 with a transmitting antenna 60 in the warning device 35 and the receiver 61 with receiving antenna 62 in the alarm system 36 comprising a conventional radio connection between the warning device 35 and the alarm system 36 all on the input side via the output lines 51 transmits the frequencies supplied to the response circuits 37A to 37M on a carrier band to the receiver 61 in the alarm system 36, to the output side of which the reception circuits 38A to 38M assigned to the individual networks A to, M are connected. The output lines 53 of the response circuits 37A to 37M are interconnected, as shown in FIG. 4, and lead to the relay 63, which is designed, for example, in the manner of a flip-flop and which is in the 0 state when the intact fuse system is in operation and in FIGS -Status changes as soon as a cable break occurs in one of the networks A to M or as soon as inverter 52 outputs one of the response circuits 37A to 37M current via lines 53 and 64 to the input of relay 63 and thus to the input resistance of relay 63 the required breakover voltage is generated for switching the same. With its transition to the 1 state, the relay 63 switches the signal systems 66 to "red" via the lines 65 and thus blocks the road section 67 of the Bergstrasse 33 which is at risk of falling rockfall. The output lines 58 of the response circuits 37A to 37M are, as shown in FIG 4 shows, also interconnected, and lead to the relay 68, which is designed, for example, in the manner of a flip-flop and which, when the safety system is in operation and intact and not subjected to shocks, is also in the 0 state and changes to the 1 state as soon as one the networks A to M receive a strong mechanical shock or as soon as one of the response circuits 37A to 37M receives an output signal from the Sohwell value circuit 55 via the assigned decoupler diode 57 and lines 58 and 69 are delivered to the input of relay 68. With its transition to the 1 state, the relay 68 switches on via the lines 70 the turn signal systems 71 arranged on the Bergstrasse 33 in front of the signal systems 66, which - possibly in connection with traffic signs indicating possible rockfall - to the increased risk of falling rockfall Draw attention and call for a careful driving style or increased caution when passing the section 67 at risk of falling rocks. In the alarm system 36, as mentioned above, the receiving circuits 38A to 38M assigned to the individual networks A to M are supplied with the carrier tape transmitted from the transmitting device 59 to the receiver 61 via the radio connection mentioned. In the receiving circuit 38, from this carrier band fed to the input 72 of the receiving circuit 38, the frequency range of the lower sideband of the carrier frequency f _t which contains the fundamental frequency f _o characteristic of the assigned network and the frequency (f _t -f _o -f _s ) to the frequency (f _t -f _o -f _s ), and the output signal of the bandpass filter 73 is then demodulated in the demodolator 74 and thus converted into the frequency range f _o ± f _s . From the output signal of the demodulator 74, the fundamental frequency f is then - if present - filtered out by means of the filter 75 and the frequency f _o -f _s by means of the filter 76. The output signal of the filter 75 is then fed to the inverter 77 on the input side, and furthermore the output signals of both filters 75 and 76 become the same on the input side directing AND circuit 78 supplied. On the output side, the inverter 77 only emits a signal if the fundamental frequency f _o , which is normally present, that is to say in the case of an undamaged associated network, is eliminated, i.e. when the generator 49 is switched off in the assigned response circuit or, in the event of a cable break in the assigned network or its suspension, but also when the radio connection between the warning device 35 and the alarm system 36 is interrupted. A signal emitted by the inverter 77 on the output side is first of all the display device 39 already mentioned above and secondly via the decoupler di 79 and the output line 80 and the line 81 supplied to the alastic alarm device 82 and causes the alarm device 82 to be switched on - if it is not already in the switched-on state due to a corresponding signal from another reception position - and also the switching on of the display device 39 and thus, for example, as already mentioned by lighting up n a red lamp used as a display element, the display of the network in which the rope break occurred. On the output side, the AND circuit 78 'emits a signal when the frequency f _{o is} at its input connected to the filter 75 and the frequency f _o -f _s is at its input connected to the filter 76, that is to say when generators 49 and are switched on 56 in the assigned response circuit or in the event of a strong mechanical impact on the assigned network, provided that this is still undamaged at the moment of the impact or has no broken rope. A signal emitted by the AND circuit 78 on the output side becomes firstly to the above-mentioned display device 40 and secondly via the decoupling diode 83 and the output line 84 and the line 85 to the pre-alarm signaling device, either optical or also acoustically alarming device 86, and causes the alarming device 86 to be complied with - if this is not already due of a corresponding signal from another receiving circuit is in the switched-on state - and also the switching on of the display device 40 and thus, for example, as already mentioned by the lighting up of a yellow lamp used as a display element, the display of the network which was subjected to the strong mechanical shock. The display devices 39 and 40 of the receiving stations 38A to 38M assigned to the individual networks A to M and also the two alarm devices 82 and 86 provided for the main alarm and pre-alarm can expediently be designed in such a way that they are switched on even if the output signal of the inverter, which causes the same, is lost 77 or the AND circuit 78 remain switched on and can only be switched off manually by the surveillance personnel of the alarm system 36. Firstly, this has the advantage that the information provided by these devices cannot be lost until they have been noticed by the surveillance personnel, and secondly, with such a design, a short-term failure of the radio connection between warning device 35 and alarm system 36 can also be established , because if this radio connection fails, the inverters 77 give all receiving stops 38A to 38M as a result of the loss of yours caused by the radio connection failure. Input signal to the respectively assigned display device 39 and the alarm device 82 emits a signal which causes these devices to be switched on, so that in the event of a radio connection failure an alarm is given and all "red lamps" light up, and in the case of said configuration this state does not disappear immediately after a short-term radio connection failure again but remains until he and thus the short-term radio connection failure has been noted by the surveillance personnel of the alarm system 36; The surveillance personnel then manually reverses this state and, if necessary, takes the measures necessary to ensure that the radio connection is maintained.

Finally, it should also be pointed out that security systems according to the invention are not only suitable for protecting objects against arbitrary or violent unlawful interventions, for example in form, as in the above exemplary embodiments for protecting objects against natural events, but also - as also briefly indicated above of fences or complete enclosures of the object to be secured with wire rope nets designed according to the present invention. For example, a building to be secured can be provided with a fence, which, in a manner similar to the security system in FIGS. 3 to 7, is composed of a larger number of wire rope nets which are separately connected to the warning device and therefore not only to detect an illegal intervention allows, but also immediately recognizes the approximate location of the fence at which the illegal intervention takes place, and therefore enables targeted countermeasures. A similar _' result can also be achieved with a fence, which consists only of a single, very elongated wire rope network or of a large number of wire rope networks, the insulated electrical conductors of which are all connected in series, by the warning device through the electrical conductor or the consecutive electrical conductors are sent impulses and reflections of these impulses returning to the starting point are determined and from the time elapsed between the transmission of the impulse and reception of the reflected impulse the point of reflection and thus the point of the illegal intervention is determined.

Claims (18)

1.Security system for securing objects located behind the same, in particular against dangers associated with stone chips, avalanches and other mechanical influences on the security system, with at least one wire rope network and support means for supporting or suspending the wire rope network, characterized in that the wire rope network (1; AM ) consists at least in part of wire rope (7, 8; 30, 31), in the core of which at least one insulated electrical conductor (15, 16) is arranged, and that the electrical conductor (s) is connected to an electrical warning device (4; 35) are connected to sudden changes in the electrical properties of the line system formed by the or the insulated electrical conductors within the wire rope network (s) caused by mechanical influences, in particular to damage to the wire rope network or breakage caused by overloading the safety system the isolated electrical lei ter, responds and an alarm system (5; 36) actuated. 2. Security system according to claim 1, characterized in that the wire rope network (1) is formed by a single continuous wire rope (8), in the core of which an insulated electrical conductor (16) is arranged. 3. Security system according to claim 2, characterized in that the electrical conductor (16) with a quiescent current is struck, which is suddenly interrupted in the event of an overload break of the wire cable network (1) and thus of the said continuous wire cable (8) and thus a breakage of the electrical conductor (16) arranged in the core of the wire cable, and that the warning device (4) Interruption of the quiescent current of one of the wire rope networks of the security system, the alarm system (5) -operated. 4. Safety system according to claim 2 with a plurality of wire rope nets, characterized in that the electrical conductors arranged in the wire ropes forming the individual wire rope nets are connected in series and this series connection is subjected to a quiescent current which, in the event of an overload breakage, causes one of the wire rope nets and thus this wire rope network forming wire rope and thus a break in the electrical conductor arranged in the core of this wire rope is suddenly interrupted, and that the warning device (4) actuates the alarm system (5) when the quiescent current is interrupted. 5. Safety system according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that between the insulated electrical conductor (16) and the wire rope (8) there is an electrical voltage and the warning device (4) even when current flows from the electrical conductor to the wire rope, in particular in the event of a short circuit between the electrical conductor and the wire rope, the alarm system (5) is actuated. 6. Safety system according to claim 1, characterized in that the wire rope network (AM) is formed by two wire ropes (30, 31), in the core of each of which an insulated electrical conductor is arranged, and the two wire ropes are preferably arranged so as to form the wire rope network that both wire ropes cross at each node of the wire rope network. 7. Safety system according to claim 6, characterized in that there is an electrical voltage between the electrical conductor of each of the two wire cables and the relevant wire rope or the wire cable network and between the electrical conductors of the two wire cables and the warning device when current flows from one or both electrical conductors to the wire cable network and when current flows from one of the electrical conductors to the other, in particular in the event of a short circuit between the wire cable network and one or both electrical conductors and in the event of a short circuit between the two electrical conductors, the alarm system is actuated. 8. Safety system according to claim 6, characterized in that the electrical conductors of the two wire cables (30, 31) are connected in series and are supplied with a quiescent current which in the event of an overload break in the wire cable network and thus with the breakage of at least one of the two wire cables ( 30, 31) and thus suddenly a break in the electrical conductor arranged in the core of the wire in question is interrupted, and that the warning device (35) at Interruption of the quiescent current of one of the wire rope networks of the security system actuates the alarm system (36). 9. Safety system according to claim 8, characterized in that there is also an electrical voltage between the two series-connected electrical conductors and the wire cable network (AM) and the warning device (35) even when current flows from one of the two or two electrical conductors to the cable network , in particular in the event of a short circuit between the wire cable network and one or both electrical conductors, the alarm system (; 6) actuates. 10. Safety system according to claim 6 with a plurality of wire rope nets, characterized in that the electrical conductors arranged in the wire ropes (30, 31) of the wire rope nets are interconnected to form a first and a second pure circuit such that each of the two series connections of each wire rope network is one of each two wire ropes or the electrical conductor arranged therein. 11. Sioherungsanlage according to claim 10, characterized in that between each of the two series connections and the wire rope networks and between the two series connections there is an electrical voltage and the warning device when current flows from one or both series connections to the wire rope networks and when current flows from one of the two series connections to the other, especially in the event of a short circuit between the wire rope nets and one or both rows circuits and in the event of a short circuit between the two series connections, the alarm system is activated. 12. Safety system according to claim 10, characterized in that the two series connections are connected in series and are supplied with a quiescent current which, in the event of an overload breakage, causes one of the wire rope networks (AM) and thus at least one of the wire cables (30, 31) forming this wire rope network and thus thus a break in the electrical conductor arranged in the core of this wire rope is suddenly interrupted, and that the warning device (35) actuates the alarm system (36) when the quiescent current is interrupted. 13. Safety system according to claim 12, characterized in that in addition between the two series-connected series circuits and the wire cable networks (AM) there is an electrical voltage and the warning device (35) also in the event of current flow from one of the two or two series circuits to the cable networks, in particular in the event of a short circuit between the wire rope networks and one or both series connections, the alarm system (36) actuates. 14. Safety system according to one of claims 1 to 3 or one of claims 5 to 9 with a plurality of wire rope networks, characterized in that for each of the wire rope networks (AM.) A separate response circuit (37) with an associated response member (48) in the warning device ( 35) is provided and the alarm system (36) when responding to one of these Speaking organs (48) next to the alarm system indicates which of the response organs (4S) has responded or which of the wire cable networks (AM) the alarm triggering damage has occurred. 15. Safety system according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that wire ropes (7; 30, 31) are also provided for the suspension or fastening of the wire rope nets (1) to the said support means (2, 3), in the souls of each at least one insulated electrical conductor (15) connected to the warning device (4; 35) is arranged, so that an alarm is triggered even if one of these wire cables (7; 30, 31) breaks or is damaged. 16. Safety system according to claim 15, characterized in that via the insulated electrical conductors (15) in the wire ropes (1) serving to suspend the wire rope networks (1), the quiescent current or the voltage to those within which the wire rope networks ( 1) forming wire cables (8) arranged electrical conductors (16) is supplied. 17. Safety system according to one of claims 3 to 5, 7 to 9 and 11 to 16, characterized in that the warning device (35) not only for an interruption of the above-mentioned quiescent current or short-circuit of the above-mentioned voltage, but also for sudden substantial changes in the absolute values thereof Grössen appeals and when such changes occur without immediate subsequent open circuit or Span short-circuit in the alarm system (36) triggers a pre-alarm which indicates damage and overloading of the security system which have not or have not yet led to an interruption of the closed-circuit current or a voltage short-circuit. 18. Security system according to one of claims 1 to 17 for securing traffic routes, in particular roads and track systems, characterized in that the warning device (35) and / or the alarm system devices (63-66) for automatically blocking the traffic route (33) when an alarm is triggered includes.

Images