EP0016008A1

EP0016008A1 - Welded lattice for reinforced concrete.

Info

Publication number: EP0016008A1
Application number: EP79900574A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Franz Bucher
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1978-06-21
Filing date: 1980-01-29
Publication date: 1980-10-01
Also published as: DE2966345D1; CH644425A5; EP0016008B1; DE7936811U1; IT7923748A0; JPS55500713A; IT1121862B; WO1980000090A1

Abstract

Le treillis comprend au moins une section de treillis (9) qui peut etre pivotee hors du plan du treillis au moyen de barres de pivotement (8). La section de treillis surelevee (9) set a couvrir les moments negatifs dans les constructions en beton arme et comprend au moins une barre de fers ronds (5, 7') qui fait partie des fers ronds qui sont soumis a la traction. La longueur de la section mobile (9) du treillis dans le sens soumis a la traction ne constitue qu'une fraction de la longueur totale du treillis. Les barres de fers ronds (4', 5') de la section mobile (9) sont constitues soit de barres supplementaires soit de barres (7, 14) ayant ete coupees des barres du treillis. La section de treillis (9) est rendue mobile en ne soudant ensemble qu'une partie des noeuds (3) des barres (4, 4', 5, 5') dans le treillis ou on prevoit une section mobile et en inserant les barres de pivotement (8). Lorsque les barres de fers ronds (4', 5') ne sont pas des barres supplementaires, on les detache des barres (4, 5) apres la soudure.The trellis comprises at least one trellis section (9) which can be pivoted out of the plane of the trellis by means of pivot bars (8). The raised trellis section (9) serves to cover the negative moments in reinforced concrete constructions and comprises at least one round bar (5, 7') which is part of the round bars which are subjected to tension. The length of the movable section (9) of the trellis in the direction subjected to traction constitutes only a fraction of the total length of the trellis. The round iron bars (4', 5') of the mobile section (9) are made up either of additional bars or of bars (7, 14) having been cut from the bars of the trellis. The trellis section (9) is made mobile by welding together only part of the nodes (3) of the bars (4, 4', 5, 5') in the trellis where a movable section is provided and by inserting the bars pivoting (8). When the round iron bars (4', 5') are not additional bars, they are detached from the bars (4, 5) after welding.

Description

Reinforcement mat

The invention relates to a reinforcement mesh made of crossing bars with at least a first mesh area, in which all crossing points are welded for covering the positive moments, and with at least a second mesh area, in which only a part of the crossing points is welded, whereby two mesh parts lying one inside the other are formed, with at least a mat part of every second mat area for the

Covering the negative moments by means of at least one handlebar from the plane of the reinforcement mat is movable, and a method for their production.

Characteristic of the known prior art

Such a reinforcement mat has become known, for example, from AT-PSs 295 811 and 295 812. Such a mat can be manufactured in a conventional welding system and can also be transported and stored in a stack to save space, while a partial mat can be pulled out of the second mat area at the construction site if required. The mat can therefore be laid in a flat state like an ordinary mat, but can after bending up the mat part or parts can also be used to absorb shear stresses, the remaining bars of the second mat area remaining in the plane of the mat. It serves both as column reinforcement with one or more bends and, conversely, as field reinforcement with bends.

Although these reinforcement mats have a considerably greater applicability than normal mats, they are disadvantageous in that the movable mat parts extend over the entire length of the mat. It is not possible to bend reinforcing mat parts that only extend over part of their length, such as a short single bar or a strip of mesh, out of the reinforcement plane. A second, very important disadvantage, however, is that a large number of reinforcing bars of the mat serve as links, the bending out of which is difficult, especially since the bars to be bent out

Should cover tensions or moments. Reinforcing bars made of high-quality steel can only be bent with great difficulty even from a diameter of 4 mm and also spring back, so that the desired position of the bent-out mat part is difficult to obtain.

Furthermore, it has become known from AT-PS 335 700 to weld additional mat parts to a base mat in places, a group of bars of both mats lying in the same plane, on which the cross bars of the base mat are on one side and the cross bars of the on the other side Connect additional mat. It is also with this version possible to bend mat parts out of the common plane. The mat parts are either short and serve as spacers or extend over the entire length of the mat and serve as rib reinforcement for rib ceilings. The

DE-AS 1 301 886 also shows a reinforcement mat, the longitudinal bars of which are connected by zigzag-shaped transverse bars. With this mat, one or more longitudinal bars can be bent into a position parallel to the mat plane in the area of the mat edge, the cross bars being rotated by 90 ^° and running in this area like a bracket.

From AT-PSs 328 691 and 334 049 it has become known to attach additional mat parts to a base mat by means of hinges, which can be folded over during transport and turned up to the installation position, whereby they are locked in both positions according to AT-PS 334 049.

DD-PS 96 306 also shows a reinforcement element for connecting two reinforcement mats arranged at a distance from one another, which consists of a zigzag-shaped rod, the areas of curvature of which are shaped like hooks and can be hung in each rod of the upper or lower mat. DE-AS 1 609 799 and US-PS 2 314 456 describe collapsible reinforcement meshes which consist of mesh strips, the cross bars of which are shaped at one end to form eyelets. The eyelets are suspended in the outermost longitudinal bar of another mesh part, whereby the mesh parts are rotatably connected are. Object of the invention

The object of the invention is to provide a reinforcement mat of the type mentioned in such a way that it contains additional mat parts which only extend over part of the mat length or the mat width and can be moved out of the plane of the reinforcement mat without difficulty if required.

State the nature of the invention

According to the invention this is achieved in that the length of the movable mat part in the direction of the tensile reinforcement corresponds to only a part of the total length of the reinforcement mat in this direction and each movable mat part has at least one reinforcement bar belonging to the tensile reinforcement. The reinforcement mat according to the invention, which can be transported and laid like simple reinforcement mats, thereby enables almost optimal adaptability to negative bending moments to be covered, which occur particularly where the positive ones

Moments are smaller (support area), because a larger number of small, movable mat parts for various applications can be contained in the reinforcement mat.

A first preferred embodiment provides that each movable mat part has at least one separate piece of a reinforcing bar running in the grid pattern. According to this version, it is possible, for example, to achieve the minimum coverage of clamped components by a reinforcement mat with standardized bar spacings to cut through the sixth rod in the second mat area and pull it up parallel to the mat level so that five continuous bars remain in the mat plane.

In a further preferred embodiment of the reinforcement mat according to the invention, each movable mat part is fastened to at least two links which are connected to different, mutually parallel reinforcement bars both in the fixed and in the movable mat part. This version in particular allows the desired position of the movable mat part to be reached without difficulty by simply pulling it up, since the reinforcement bars of the mat are not bent, but the movement takes place via its own handlebars.

Elaborate bending processes are therefore also unnecessary. When pulling up the mat part, the desired thickness of the component to be manufactured can also be taken into account.

A reinforcement mat according to the invention can be stacked with the same space requirement as ordinary reinforcement mats, since parallel reinforcement bars of the fixed and the movable mat part are arranged in the same plane and the reinforcing bars crossing the movable mat part on one side and the fixed mat part on the other side .

The thickness of the reinforcement mat therefore never exceeds the sum of the diameters of the two reinforcement parts of a mat (lengthways and crossways). For this reason, the handlebars, which are preferably outside the grid, do not protrude from the reinforcement mat. If the handlebars are not outside the grid, they are formed by separate pieces of reinforcing bars and therefore do not protrude from the reinforcement mat.

At least two links can preferably be moved in a normal plane to the reinforcement mat. They are also preferably of the same length and can be moved in parallel, so that the movable mat part can be pulled up parallel to the mat plane, but they can also be of unequal length or cannot be moved in parallel. The movable mat part will then lie in the pulled-out position at an angle to the mat plane.

It is also preferably provided that the handlebars engage more closely on the movable mat part with respect to the center of the reinforcement mat than on the fixed mat part, if the or. second mesh areas are in the edge area of the reinforcement mesh.

The raised, movable mat parts then protrude beyond the mat edge. As a result, the required negative reinforcement is achieved in continuous feeders, since the two movable mat parts of two reinforcement mats, each spanning one field, partially overlap each other. As an additional, particularly interesting effect, the fact occurs that the negative moments are also almost optimal be covered, since a higher steel cross-section is achieved directly above the support in the zone of greatest negative moments due to the overlap than on both sides.

Since the handlebars serve primarily as a transport connection and for guiding the movable mat parts, it is preferably provided that they consist, in a manner known per se, of a material that differs from the material of the reinforcing bars, in particular an inferior material. For example, they can be made of thin wire, plastic, etc. The handlebar ends can be welded to the reinforcing bars or fastened in some other way, they can also be provided with eyelets or the like in a manner known per se, which the

Enclose reinforcement bars or their separated pieces with a rotating resistor. The resistance to rotation can be given, for example, after the reinforcement mats according to the invention have been stored for a short time due to the rust which forms. However, the rotational resistance can also be achieved by dimensioning at least one inner diameter of the eyelets or windings to be smaller than the rod cross section, so that they are elastically expanded when the handlebars are mounted on the rods.

Preferably, the handlebars are connected to the reinforcement bars running transversely to the direction of support or their separated pieces of both mat parts, but it is also possible to connect the handlebars with the reinforcement bars running in the direction of support or their separated pieces or each handlebar with a longitudinal and a transverse one Staff too connect .

A process for the preparation of the invention. Reinforcement mesh is characterized in that a part of the reinforcement bars is cut through in the second mesh area after welding. Handlebars arranged outside the grid grid are preferably welded or fastened after the welding, but before the reinforcement bars are cut through, in order to make an additional holder for the otherwise freely movable mat parts in the production system superfluous.

The invention is described in more detail below with reference to the figures of the accompanying drawings in several exemplary embodiments, without being restricted thereto.

Description of the drawing figures

The figures each show sections of reinforcement meshes according to the invention, each with a first and a second mesh area, namely

1 is a plan view of a first embodiment,

2 shows a section along the line II-II in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 shows the reinforcement mat of FIG. 1 with the mat part raised, FIG.

4 shows a plan view of the raised mat from FIG. 3, FIG. 5 shows the arrangement and design of the handlebars of a preferred embodiment, 6 shows the arrangement and overlap of two reinforcement mats of a second embodiment in a side view,

7 shows the top view of FIG. 6, FIG. 8 shows a top view of a third exemplary embodiment,

9 shows a section along the line IX-IX, FIG. 10 shows the mat of FIG. 8 with the mat part raised, FIG. 11 shows an end view of the mat raised in FIG. 10,

12 shows the top view of a fourth exemplary embodiment of a reinforcement mat which covers a central support, FIG. 13 shows a plan view of the reinforcement mat of FIG. 12 with pulled-up mat parts, FIG. 14 shows a plan view of a fifth embodiment of the reinforcement mat, FIGS. 15 and 16 top views of a sixth and a seventh exemplary embodiment, FIG. 17 shows a plan view of an eighth embodiment in the transport position, the movable mat part being shown in dashed lines for the sake of clarity, FIG. 18 shows a side view of the mat according to FIG Mat part, FIG. 19 shows a section along the line XIX-XIX in FIG. 18, FIG. 20 shows a plan view of a ninth exemplary embodiment, and FIG. 21 shows a side view of the embodiment according to FIG. 20 with the mat part pulled up. Description of preferred embodiments

The reinforcement mat according to the invention, which can be both uniaxial and biaxial, has reinforcing bars 4, 5 which cross each other and run in a conventional grid pattern at least in each first mat area 1. The reinforcement bars 4, 5 can be reinforced in the first mat area 1, which is provided for positive load moments, by additional reinforcement bars 6 for adaptation to the torque line. Reinforcement bars 4 ', 5' are also arranged in at least one second mat area 2, which is preferably an edge area, which run parallel to the bars 4, 5 in and / or outside the grid grid. In the first mat area 1, in which there are only rods 4, 5, all the crossing points 3 are welded to one another, while in each further mat area 2 only a part of the crossing points 3 are welded, namely the

Bars 4 and 5 as well as bars 4 'and 5', but not intersection points of bars 4 and 5 'or 4' and 5. In this way, two mat parts 9 and 10 lying one inside the other are formed in every second mat area 2. The mat part 9 is with the

Mat part 10 is movably connected via at least one handlebar 8 or 8 ', and can be pulled up from the mat plane to cover negative moments. The links 8 preferably move in pairs in a normal plane to the reinforcement mat.

In the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 1 to 16, the reinforcement bars 5 'of the second mat area formed by cutting the reinforcing bars 5 and lie as separate pieces 7 in the grid. If reinforcing bars 4 'are also formed by cutting reinforcing bars 4, they form separated pieces 14 which are also in the grid pattern (FIGS. 7, 12, 16).

1 to 4, a support area of a first uniaxial reinforcement mat according to the invention is shown. In the first mat area 1, the longitudinal reinforcement bars 5 run below the transverse reinforcement bars 4 and all crossing points 3 are welded. In the second mat area 2, the longitudinal reinforcement bars 5, which are not cut, run in the fixed mat part 10 above the cross bars 4, and the separated pieces 7, which extend in the carrying direction and belong to the movable mat part 9, lie in the same plane as the longitudinal bars 5 these associated cross bars 4 of the mat part 9 lie on the longitudinal bars 5 or the separated pieces 7. Since the mat width corresponds to the length of the cross bars 4 ', these are uncut. The remaining in the fixed mat part 10, arranged as the lowest cross bars 4 are only with the longitudinal bars 5, and those running in the movable mat part 9, arranged as the topmost cross bars 4 ', are welded only to the separated pieces 7. The cross bars 4, 4 'of both mat parts 9, 10 are connected to one another by means of four links 8 which are arranged to be movable in parallel and have the same length. The connection of each handlebar 8 with the fixed mat part 10 is further away from the first mat area 1 than its connection to the second mat part 9. The link 8 can be welded to the cross bars 4, 4 'or else connected. An advantageous solution is shown in FIG. 5 in detail, in which the ends of the links 8 are eyelets or

Windings 11 are formed, which enclose the cross bars 4, 4 '. The links 8 are preferably made of a different material than the reinforcing bars, for example made of aluminum wire or plastic, and run outside the grid.

In this embodiment, the movable mat part 9 guided on four links 8 is moved beyond the mat edge parallel to the mat plane when it is lifted. The extent of the protrusion over the edge of the mat is determined by the angle of rotation, it also being possible to adapt to the desired ceiling thickness (FIG. 3).

The pulling up of the mat part 9 thins the steel cross section in the mat plane in the support area a, as is desired to adapt to the positive moment line, and covers the negative moments. This can be seen clearly from the top view (FIG. 4) or also from FIGS. 6 and 7, in which the laying of two reinforcement mats is shown in a slightly different embodiment. Two reinforcement mats according to the invention are placed on the support 12, which form the reinforcement for a continuous field. The movable mat parts 9 are each pulled up and moved over the mat edge, overlapping one another. The overlap leads to another significant advantage: in Area d in which the greatest negative moments occur is also the largest steel cross-section, while the areas adjoining on the side have a reduced negative reinforcement. An adaptation to the torque line is also achieved in the negative torque range 1. As a result, the positive reinforcement in the fixed mat part 10, which includes the area a close to the support, is lower than in the first mat area 1, which can also be reinforced by additional bars 6 in adaptation to the positive moment line (areas with increasing steel cross section b, c ).

The embodiment according to FIGS. 6 and 7 differs from the reinforcement mat shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 in that the cross bars 4 'of the movable mat part are cut from cross bars 4 and represent separate pieces 14, since the width of the movable one Mat part 9 is less than the width of the entire mat.

The protruding ends 13 of the turns 11 of the link 8 or the turns 11 themselves can simultaneously serve as spacers to the support 12 or to the formwork, not shown.

A third embodiment of the reinforcement mat is shown in plan view in FIG. 8, in side view in FIG. 9 and in side view in FIG. 10 and in front view in FIG. 11. While the distribution of the welded crossing points corresponds to that in FIG. 1, the positions of the bars 4, 4 ', 5, 5' changed. The cross bars 4, 4 'run in this embodiment in the same plane, while the longitudinal bars 5 below, the longitudinal bars 5', which form the separated pieces 7, are arranged above the cross bars 4, 4 '. The links 8 can be arranged the same as in FIG. 1. The other arrangement shown makes this reinforcement mat particularly suitable for single fields, since. the raised mat part does not protrude over the mat edge in the longitudinal direction. The links 8 are arranged in this embodiment on the longitudinal rods 5 and the separated pieces 7, so that the movable mat part 9 moves laterally in the direction of arrow f (FIG. 11). In this embodiment, the reinforcement mat has a small width and the ends 15 of the cross bars 4 remaining in the plane of the mat are bent over, so that each subsequent one can be hooked into the one already laid during the laying.

12 and 13 show a further embodiment of a reinforcement mat which covers two fields and a central support 12. In the area of the center support 12, two movable mat parts 9 can be pulled up and overlapped. In this embodiment, each movable mat part 9 consists only of a longitudinal bar 5 'as a separated piece and the transverse bars 4' as separated pieces 14. The links 8 are in turn arranged on the transverse bars 4 and the separated pieces 14. The mat of this embodiment therefore has two first mat areas 1, in each of which additional rods 6 are arranged. In Fig. 14 a further embodiment is shown, in which the movable mat part 9 consists of separated pieces 7 and cross bars 4 ', the link 8 continue the cross bars 4', so that they together form a bow-shaped element. The links 8 can, as shown, be fastened in the fixed mat part 10 to the longitudinal bars 5 or also to the transverse bars 4.

The reinforcement mat according to FIG. 15 has links 8 connected to the longitudinal bars 5 and the separated pieces 7. When pulling up in the direction of arrow f, these were twisted and bent. The links 8 can be welded to the rods, in particular in this embodiment, and may have predetermined or aforementioned bending points. 16 shows a similar embodiment with welded links 8, which in this case represent separate bars 14 ′ forming separate pieces 14.

The handlebars 8 therefore run in a grid pattern in this embodiment. This version is advantageous in that no handlebars have to be additionally introduced into the production system and connected to the reinforcing bars during the manufacture of the mat, but may have the disadvantage that the upward bending can be difficult, particularly in the case of cross bars of larger diameter.

17 to 21, the reinforcement bars 4 ', 5' are arranged outside the grid as additional reinforcement bars, the intersection points 3 between the Bars 4, 5 'and 4', 5 are not welded.

The handlebars 8 (or 8 'in Fig. 20) in turn engage in two mat parts 9, 10 on different mutually parallel reinforcing bars 4, 4', which lie in the same plane, while the

Longitudinal bars 5, 5 'are arranged below or above. The version according to FIG. 17 is again particularly suitable for use in continuous fields, since the raised, movable mat parts protrude on the edge and the mat parts of two mats that are lined up in a row overlap one another.

As shown in the previous Figures 1 to 19, the handlebars 8 can be straight rod pieces, but it can, as shown in Figs. 20 and 21, in

Transport and laying condition approximately U-shaped handlebars 8 'are used, so that they open when pulled up and allow the mobility of the mat part 9 in two directions according to the arrows f'. Reinforcement meshes of this type can be used above all for individual fields, since the movement can also take place exclusively vertically.

The reinforcement mats according to the invention can be produced like ordinary mats, additional work steps being required for the supply of the reinforcement bars 4 ', 5' or the separation of the pieces 7, 14 and possibly for the supply and attachment of the handlebars 8, 8 *. The reinforcement mats according to the invention only take up the same space as normal reinforcement mats and can be therefore stack and transport with the same space requirements as ordinary mats. The creation of the negative reinforcement in each support area by simply pulling up the movable mat parts leads to considerable labor and time savings without difficulties or additional measures being required. 1 to 16, reinforcing steel is also saved at the same time. The mat parts 9 generally move parallel to the mat plane, but inclination can also be achieved by using unequal handlebars or their non-parallel movement. The connection between the links 8, 8 'and the bars 4, 4' can be made in any way. They can be welded, soldered, rusted or the like, they can also be provided with eyelets or hooks, enclosing the bars 4, 4 'with rotational resistance in order to remain in their raised position. If the handlebars are also made of reinforcing steel, they can also be used to cover shear stresses.

The reinforcement mats according to the invention can have any sizes, the mats being provided with one or more movable mat parts in each support area.

Claims

P a t e n t a n s r u c h e:

Reinforcement mesh made of crossing bars with at least a first mesh area, in which all crossing points are welded to cover the positive moments, and with at least a second mesh area, in which only a part of the crossing points is welded, whereby two interlocking mesh parts are formed, whereby at least one mat part of every second mat area for covering the negative moments can be moved out of the plane of the reinforcement mat by means of at least one handlebar, characterized in that the length of the movable mat part (9) in the direction of the tensile reinforcement only part of the total length of the reinforcement mat in this direction corresponds and each movable mat part (9) has at least one reinforcement bar (7,5 ') belonging to the tensile reinforcement.

Reinforcement mat according to claim 1, characterized in that each reinforcement bar (7) of the movable 'mat part (9) is a separate piece of a reinforcement bar (5) running in the grid pattern.

Reinforcement mat according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each movable mat part (9) is attached to at least two links (8 or 8 '), which are both in the fixed (10) as well as in the movable mat part (9) with different, mutually parallel reinforcing bars (4, 4 '; 4, 14; 5, 5'; 5, 7).

Reinforcement mat according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the links (8 or 8 '), as is known per se, extend outside the grid pattern.

Reinforcement mat according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that at least two links

(8 or 8 ') are movable in a normal plane to the reinforcement mat.

Reinforcement mat according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the links (8 or 8 ') differ in a manner known per se from a material different from the reinforcement bars (4, 4', 5, 5 ', 7, 14) , in particular inferior material.

Reinforcement mat according to one of Claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the links (8 or 8 ') act closer to the movable mat part (9) with respect to the first mat area (1) of the reinforcement mat than to the fixed mat part (10).

Reinforcement mat according to one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the links (8 or 8 ') with the reinforcing bars (4, 4' or 4, 14) of both of them extending transversely to the tensile reinforcement. Mat parts (9, 10) are connected. A method for producing a reinforcement mat with at least one mat part movable from its plane according to claim 2, wherein the longitudinal and transverse reinforcement bars are introduced into a welding system in accordance with the grid pattern and all intersection points are welded in each first mat area, and only a part of the intersection points in every second mat area that after the welding part of the reinforcing bars (5, 4) in the second mesh area (2) is cut.

Method according to claim 9, characterized in that after the welding, the links (8) are fed in and outside the grid on the reinforcing bars (5, 4) of the second

Mat area (2) are attached, whereupon the separating cuts are made.