EP0015581B1 - Moyen de transport comprenant une pluralité d'éléments de transport individuel successifs - Google Patents

Moyen de transport comprenant une pluralité d'éléments de transport individuel successifs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0015581B1
EP0015581B1 EP19800101222 EP80101222A EP0015581B1 EP 0015581 B1 EP0015581 B1 EP 0015581B1 EP 19800101222 EP19800101222 EP 19800101222 EP 80101222 A EP80101222 A EP 80101222A EP 0015581 B1 EP0015581 B1 EP 0015581B1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
components
transportation device
distance
closed
controlling
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EP19800101222
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0015581A3 (en
EP0015581A2 (fr
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Axel De Broqueville
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Individual
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B21/00—Kinds or types of escalators or moving walkways
    • B66B21/10—Moving walkways
    • B66B21/12—Moving walkways of variable speed type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61B—RAILWAY SYSTEMS; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61B13/00—Other railway systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61B—RAILWAY SYSTEMS; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61B9/00—Tramway or funicular systems with rigid track and cable traction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61K—AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61K1/00—Transferring passengers, articles, or freight to and from moving trains; Slipping or coupling vehicles from or to moving trains

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a transportation device as defined in the preamble of any one of claims 1,4 and 13, respectively.
  • transportation devices of the above mentioned type having a variable speed bandconveyor are known in the prior art.
  • One such device uses components which are longer than they are wide. These components slide along each other, while the relative direction of motion progressively changes from a direction perpendicular to the long side of the components to a direction parallel to it, and thereafter, the speed of the components varies proportionally to the ratio of their length and width.
  • Another example of a rotating-type conveying device is illustrated in U.S. Patent 3,485,182.
  • its components are driven by a single threaded rod with variable pitch.
  • Bandconveyors are also known which operate at constant speeds and go into or out of cars moving at the same speed. Usually, those cars are attached to a cable moving at constant speed, and the distance between them is fixed. These prior art devices do not utilize controllable means for coupling the components and/or cars to achieve variable speed and variable distance operation while maintaining the components aligned, i.e. unrotated, with respect to the closed-loop path followed by the components.
  • the object of the present invention is to improve the known transportation devices comprising a plurality of successive load carrying components in a manner that accurate and stable acceleration and deceleration of the individual components without the risk of skidding is achieved.
  • a transportation device in which a continuous succession of components and/or cars travel in a closed loop and are linked to each other by devices which control and vary the distance between them.
  • the components are permanently moving, but before each loading/unloading station the distance between them is progressively reduced to a minimum by the devices linking them together. After each station, the distance between the components is progressively increased by the same linking devices up to a maximum distance.
  • the action of increasing or reducing the distance between the components will automatically increase or reduce the speed of the components proportionally to the distance between them including their length. Therefore, the speed of the components is at a minimum at the station.
  • the loading/unloading platform at the station consists of a bandconveyor moving at a speed which is synchronized with the minimum speed of the car components.
  • the linking devices may include arrangements of cables and winches, nuts and threaded rods, articulated rods or electronic distance measurement and servomechanisms as set forth hereinafter.
  • An endless train of cars can be started and kept in motion by motors at each station. These motors may also drive the bandconveyors and keep their speed synchronized with the speed of the cars at the stations.
  • the power can be transmitted to the cars, e.g., by toothed wheels which engage racks which are fixed to each car. Small motors can be added to each car or some cars to compensate for drag due to the friction and reduce stresses on the linking devices.
  • a stretchable bandconveyor may be made of components having linking means permitting the speed of the components to be progressively increased and decreased as described in relation to the train of cars.
  • the successive components are made to slide above or into each other to maintain a solid surface suitable for transport of passengers.
  • Such a stretchable bandconveyor can be used separately or in combination with the train of cars.
  • Figure 1A shows a lateral view of a succession of cars 1 moving from the right to the left.
  • Linking devices 2 e.g. cables winded around winches, interconnected the cars to one another.
  • the cables are first completely unwound and the distance between the cars and the speed of the cars is a maximum. Between points A and B, the cables are progressively wound and the distance between the cars and therefore their speed is reduced.
  • Figure 1 B shows the variation of the speed of the cars as a function of their location.
  • Figure 2 shows a horizontal view of two trains of cars 1 going in opposite directions between two bandconveyors 4 which enable people to go into or come out of the cars at a station 6.
  • the cars are linked to each other by linking devices 2 such as cables winded around winches (not shown).
  • the cars have sliding doors 8 which are automatically opened and closed at the beginning and the end of the bandconveyors.
  • the bandconveyors are endless belts equipped with hand rails 5 and devices 3 which prevent jamming between the station platform and bandconveyor.
  • Safety rails 7 prevent people from putting their hands between cars entering into the station when the distance between them is being reduced to a minimum.
  • the two rows of cars are separated by a wall 9 to prevent the mixing of the two opposite air flows in order to reduce air drag.
  • Figure 3 shows a section of the station wherein bandconveyors 4 are positioned on both sides of cars 1.
  • the cars having sliding doors 8, windows 10 and wheels 12 rolling on rails 14.
  • Each car 1 has secured thereto a rack 16 driven by a toothed wheel 18 on the same shaft 20 as other wheels 22 which are used in driving bandconveyor 4.
  • Shaft 20 is driven by a motor 24 which controls and synchronizes the speed of the cars 1 and bandconveyor 4 within the station 6.
  • Dotted lines 26 illustrate the section of a tunnel between stations, while dotted line 28 shows the section of the roof of the station.
  • Figure 4 is an elevational view of two cars 1 inside a tunnel which is divided in two parts by a wall 30.
  • the right car is seen from the rear side showing a motor 34 driving wheels 36 located under a bench 38.
  • Motor 34 is used mainly to compensate for drag due to friction on the cars, since the energy of deceleration is automatically transmitted with very little loss by the winches and cables to accelerate the cars at the preceding station.
  • a toothed rack 40 similar to rack 16 in Figure 3, is used to synchronize the speed of car 1 with the speed of the bandconveyor at the station.
  • Reinforcements 42 and rails 44 support and guide the cars.
  • a platform 46 can be used as a walkway for maintenance or for emergency use.
  • the left car is seen from its front end showing a winch 50 with a part of a cable 52 linking the car to the next one.
  • Two sets of toothed wheels 54 and 56 linked by a chain 58 are shown.
  • Set 54 is on the same shaft as the winch 50, and set 56 is on the same shaft as two other toothed wheels 60 which are driven by a fixed rack 62 placed between the rails before a station.
  • a third shaft supports a toothed wheel 64 driving the second shaft and two other toothed wheels 66 driven by fixed racks (not shown) and placed between the rails after each station.
  • the appropriate combination of the toothed wheels enables the winch to wind and unwind cable 52 at different speeds. If the fixed racks have in addition a variable path, it is possible to wind and unwind the winch at any desired speed, while using or reproducing a part of the kinetic energy of the car, regardless of the speed of the car. This can provide a relatively constant deceleration or acceleration.
  • the winch can be winded and unwinded by a motor placed on each car and started and stopped, for instance, by a reed switch carried by the car and activated by a magnet positioned by the desired trade position.
  • Space 70 is provided which can be used to house devices for automatically opening and shutting the sliding doors 8.
  • Figures 5A and 5B are other partial view of the same car of Figure 4.
  • Figure 5A is a view of the bottom
  • Figure 5B is a partial view of a section of the car taken along line BB' of Figures 4 and 5A.
  • Figure 5 shows a grooved pulley 72 to guide the cable 52 on the winch 50 and two small toothed wheels 74 guiding the chain 58 on the different toothed wheels 54 and 56.
  • Small wheels 74 are set in rods 76 of which one end 78 is articulated with the car, and the other end 80 is free to move and is guided by rails not shown on the figure in order to automatically set the appropriate transmission ratio between the fixed rack 62 and the winch 50.
  • the free ends 80 of the rods 76 are linked to the car with a spring 82 which keeps the chains under tension.
  • the chain, rods and toothed wheels are, in fact, the various parts of a simple automatic gear-box for automatically coupling the fixed rack 62 with the mobile winch 50.
  • Many other existing devices can be used for the same purpose.
  • the fixed end 84 of the cable 52 is linked to the next car by springs 86 in order to keep it constantly under tension. These springs also smooth the shock at the beginning and the end of the deceleration or acceleration and during gear changes.
  • the purpose of the different size wheels in the automatic gear box is to wind the winch at a relatively constant speed in order to have a relatively constant acceleration and deceleration.
  • the shaft of wheel 60 may be free to move in the direction parallel to the movement of the car and be maintained in a forward biased position by means of springs 90 as shown in Figure 5C.
  • a short rack 62a may be provided in front of rack 62 and biased therefrom by means of a spring 92. Both springs 90 and 92 then help to dissipate the impact shock of wheel 60 with rack 62 or 62a.
  • Yet another alternative is to replace the toothed wheel 60 by a rubber wheel and the rack 62 by a concrete beam to permit a frictional drive means.
  • Figure 6A is a partial view of the bottom of a bandconveyor made of a succession of alternating components 100 and 102.
  • Figure 6B is a cross-sectional view of the bandconveyor taken along line BB' of Figure 6A.
  • Each component 102 slides into the component 100 on its left and is linked to the component 100 on its right by an articulation 103 in order to enable the bandconveyor to be bent.
  • Each element 102 is also linked to its left element 100 by a threaded rod 104 of which one end is attached to the component 102, and the other end slides inside a nut 105 linked to the component 100.
  • the nut 105 is screwed onto or off of the threaded rod 104 by means of gear wheels 106 and 107 driven by a fixed rack 108.
  • the turning of the nut 105 on the threaded rod 104 decreases or increases the distance between the consecutive components 100 and 102 and makes the corresponding components 102 slide into or out of the component 100.
  • the bandconveyor is made of an endless succession of such components 100 and 102 and the speed of these components varies along their course proportionally to the distance between them.
  • Fixed racks 108 are positioned in appropriate places along the path of the bandconveyor to achieve the desired speed of the components and corresponding distance therebetween.
  • Figure 7 is a sectional view of Figure 6B along line AA' thereof.
  • a hand rail 109 is made of telescoping elements which are fixed on the corresponding components 100 and 102.
  • Car 1 such as described in Figure 3 is also illustrated along with a device for synchronizing the speed of the car with the speed of the bandconveyor.
  • This synchronizing device comprises racks 111 placed under and fixed to the cars and bandconveyor components and gear wheels 112 and 113 located in the stations.
  • Racks 111 are similar to racks 16 of Figure 3 and 40 of Figure 4.
  • the bandconveyor can be made of more than two alternating components, one sliding into the other, if it is desired to increase the distance between the consecutive components and therefore their speed by a factor larger than two.
  • the bandconveyor can be made of components sliding above each other.
  • the cars 1 may also be provided with a device for automatically opening the car doors when the cars arrive at the station.
  • a device for automatically opening the car doors when the cars arrive at the station.
  • a device is illustrated in Figures 8A and 8B.
  • doors 310 are shown in their closed position, whereas in Figure 8B, the doors 310 are open.
  • Cars 311 and 312 are illustrated together with levers 301, 302, 303 and 304 and . springs 307, 308 and 309.
  • lever 301 is pushed in thereby moving lever 302 around an axis 305.
  • lever 303 causes lever 303 to move lever 304 around its axis 306.
  • levers 302 and 304 are linked to springs 308 and 309 to stretch springs 308 for opening the doors (Figure 8B), and to stretch springs 309 to close the doors (Figure 8A).
  • Spring 307 biases lever 301 in the extended position ( Figure 8A) when the cars are apart.
  • Lever 313 may be utilized to lock the doors, and thereby prevent their opening, until the cars are sufficiently close together to insure speed synchronization with the bandconveyor. Any number of mechanisms may be employed for this purpose such as a single lever and lifter arrangement.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of means for controlling the distance and speed of cars 401 without mechanically interconnecting the cars.
  • the system comprises a motor 402 contained within each car 401 for powering same.
  • a servomechanism 404 is also provided which is connected to sense the speed of rotation of the car wheels 403 and compare same with a reference signal from reference source 405 and to provide an output control signal p to motor 402.
  • Reference source 405 provides a reference signal V when the cars are far apart and away from the station. At a specified point before a station, reference source 405 provides a signal V,, which gradually reduces to a value V, representative of the minimum speed of cars 401 within the station.
  • the output signal p to motor 402 enables the motor to drive the cars to match the desired speed V x .
  • Elements 406 and 407 are utilized for measuring the distance between the cars 401.
  • Element 406 may be a sonar or radar transceiver which emits signals which are reflected by mirror 407 and received on the transceiver.
  • a laser beam may be utilized wherein a measure of the beam divergence angle A is proportional to the distance between cars as shown by elements 408 and 409 in Figure 9.
  • the output of element 406 is proportional to the instantaneous value of the distance between adjacent cars.
  • This signal is fed to servomechanism 410 to be compared with a signal L x from distance reference source 411.
  • the signal L x is representative of the theoretical value of the distance between cars.
  • Lx varies from a maximum of L o (cars far apart away from station) to a minimum of L 1 (cars close-together-inside station).
  • An error signal, E, from servomechanism 410 serves as an addition correction signal for servomechanism 404.
  • Reference sources 405 and 411 may be activated to change the reference signal from V o to V and L o to L x respectively by a mechanical or electrical tripping device positioned adjacent the car path.
  • the electrical tripping device may, for example, be a reed switch carried by the cars and activated by a magnet positioned adjacent the desired track position.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Control Of Position, Course, Altitude, Or Attitude Of Moving Bodies (AREA)
  • Framework For Endless Conveyors (AREA)

Claims (19)

1. Moyen de transport comprenant une pluralité d'éléments de transport individuels successifs (1; 100, 102), des dispositifs pour déplacer ces éléments le long d'un trajet à boucle fermée, et des dispositifs pour régler la vitesse de ces éléments et la distance entr'eux de telle manière que des éléments consécutifs se déplacent en avant ou en s'éloignant l'un de l'autre dans des sections de décélération ou d'accélération, ces dispositifs de réglage, comprenant des moyens de contact (104, 105) fixés à chacun des éléments de transport, étant opérable lorsque ces éléments se déplacent le long du trajet à boucle fermée sans rotation des éléments traversant le trajet à boucle fermée, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de réglage comprend des tiges filetées (104) et des écrous (105) correspondants, des dispositifs pour fixer au moins un des éléments mobiles (1; 100) à l'une des extrémités d'au moins une des tiges filetées (104) et l'élément suivant (1; 102) à au moins un des écrous (105) correspondants, et des dispositifs pour serrer ou desserrer les écrous (105) correspondants, afin d'augmenter ou de réduire la distance entre éléments consécutifs (1; 100, 102).
2. Moyen de transport suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de serrage ou de desserrage des écrous (105) comprend un jeu de pignons (106, 107) fixé à l'un des éléments (1; 100, 102) ainsi qu'une crémaillière (108) positionnée le long du trajet à boucle fermée et entrainant les pignons (106, 107).
3. Moyen de transport suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les éléments consécutifs (100, 102) ont une structure creuse permettant à l'un des éléments (102) de glisser dans un élément adjacent (100).
4. Moyen de transport comprenant une pluralité d'éléments de transport individuels successifs (1; 100, 102), des dispositifs pour déplacer ces éléments le long d'un trajet à boucle fermée, et des dispositifs pour régler la vitesse des ces éléments et la distance entr'eux de telle manière que des éléments consécutifs se déplacent en avant ou en s'éloignant l'un de l'autre dans des sections de décélération ou d'accélération, ce dispositif de réglage étant opérable lorsque les éléments se déplacent le long du trajet à boucle fermée sans rotation des éléments traversant le trajet à boucle fermée, le dit dispositif de réglage comprenant des treuils (50) et des câbles (52) correspondants, des dispositifs pour fixer les éléments (1; 100, 102) à l'une des extrémités d'au moins un des câbles et l'autre extrémité à un treuil correspondant positionné dans un élément adjacent afin que par l'enroulage ou le déroulage des treuils la distance entre éléments consécutifs soit augmentée ou réduite, caractérisé en ce que chaque treuil (50) est entraîné par des jeux de pignons (54 et 56) de dimensions différentes positionnés dans l'élément (1 ; 100, 102), les pignons étant entraînés par une roue dentée (60) ou une roue de friction disposée sur cet élément en contact avec une crémaillière (62) ou un rail fixé le long du trajet à boucle fermée.
5. Moyen de transport suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que des ressorts (86) sont fixés entre éléments consécutifs (1; 100, 102) pour mettre ces derniers sous tension au moins sur une partie du trajet afin d'éviter ou de réduire le risque de flambage ou de pliage du dispositif de réglage (52).
6. Moyen de transport suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les segments (100, 102) supportent une surface pour le transport de charges et qui est expansible ou rétrecissable dans sa longueur lorsque la distance entre éléments augmente ou baisse, formant ainsi une bande transporteuse.
7. Moyen de transport suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 6, comprenant une bande transporteuse disposée à une station (6) le long du trajet afin de permettre à des passagers d'avancer de cette bande transporteuse à ces éléments (1; 100, 102) et vice-versa, caractérisé en ce qu'un dispositif de réglage réduisant la distance entre éléments (1; 100, 102) à un minimum à cette station (6) est prévu, ce dispositif comprenant par ailleurs des moyens de synchronisation de la vitesse de la bande transporteuse et de la vitesse des éléments à la station (6).
8. Moyen de transport suivant la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que la bande transporteuse (4) comprend une pluralité d'éléments de transport (100, 102), des dispositifs pour déplacer ces éléments le long d'un trajet à boucle fermée et des dispositifs pour régler la vitesse de ces éléments et la distance entr'eux, ce dispositif de réglage étant opérable par déplacement des ces éléments le long du trajet à boucle fermée sans rotation de ces éléments transversalement à ce trajet à boucle fermée.
9. Moyen de transport suivant la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que les éléments (100, 102) supportent une surface de transport de charges expansible ou retrécissable dans sa longueur lorsque la distance entre éléments augmente ou baisse, en formant ainsi une surface continue pour le transport de passagers.
10. Moyen de transport suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les éléments (1) sont des véhicules (311) pourvus de portes (8; 310) et que ce moyen de transport comporte en plus un dispositif automatique d'ouverture des portes lorsque la distance entre véhicules adjacents est minimale.
11. Moyen de transport suivant la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'ouverture comprend au moins un levier (301) à l'extérieur du véhicule (311) pour contacter un véhicule adjacent lorsque ces véhicules se déplacent relativement proche l'un de l'autre, et un dispositif pour coupler le levier avec les portes pour leur ouverture.
12. Moyen de transport suivant la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un dispositif (30) pour comprimer le levier (301) s'étendant à l'extérieur du véhicule (311), et un dispositif pour coupler le levier aux portes (310) pour les fermer automatiquement lorsque les véhicules se déplacent relativement par rapport l'une de l'autre.
13. Moyen de transport comprenant une pluralité d'éléments de transport individuels successifs (401 des dispositifs pour déplacer ces éléments le long d'un trajet à boucle fermée, et des dispositifs pour régler la vitesse de ces éléments et la distance entr'eux de telle manière que des éléments consécutifs se déplacent en avant ou en s'éloignant l'un de l'autre dans des sections de décélération ou d'accélération, ce dispositif de réglage étant opérable lorsque ces éléments se déplacent le long du trajet à boucle fermée sans rotation des éléments traversant le trajet à boucle fermée, chacun des éléments (401) étant pourvu d'un moteur (402) pour les déplacer le long du trajet, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de réglage comprend des dispositifs non-contactants (406, 407) fixés à chacun des éléments de transport (401) pour mesurer continuellement la distance entre éléments adjacents sand interconnexion mécanique, la valeur instantanée de distance mesurée étant comparée à un signal de référence (Lx) provenant d'une source de distance de référence (41 1 ) tandis qu'un signal d'erreur (E) résultant de cette comparaison de signaux est utilisé pour régler le moteur (402).
14. Moyen de transport suivant la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que le signal de référence (Lx) varie conformément à la position des éléments (401) le long du trajet à boucle fermée.
15. Moyen de transport suivant l'une des revendications 13 ou 14, caractérisé en ce que le signal (Lx) provenant de la source de distance de référence (411) change en accord avec un dispositif de commande disposé au droit du trajet à boucle fermée.
16. Moyen de transport suivant la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de commande est un dispositif commandé par contact.
17. Moyen de transport suivant la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de commande est une dispositif à commande électrique.
18. Moyen de transport suivant la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de réglage comprend un dispositif mesurant la vitesse de l'élément (401), et un dispositif répondant à la vitesse mesurée pour régler le moteur (402).
19. Moyen de transport suivant la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un dispositif pour mesurer la vitesse des éléments (401), et un dispositif répondant à la vitesse mesurée et la distance mesurée pour régler le moteur (402) permettant ainsi de régler individuellement la distance et la vitesse de chacun des éléments sans interconnexion mécanique entre éléments adjacents.
EP19800101222 1979-03-12 1980-03-11 Moyen de transport comprenant une pluralité d'éléments de transport individuel successifs Expired EP0015581B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US1977679A 1979-03-12 1979-03-12
US19776 1979-03-12

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EP0015581A2 EP0015581A2 (fr) 1980-09-17
EP0015581A3 EP0015581A3 (en) 1980-10-01
EP0015581B1 true EP0015581B1 (fr) 1984-03-21

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JP (1) JPS55164553A (fr)
DE (1) DE3067086D1 (fr)

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ES415246A1 (es) * 1972-06-30 1976-07-16 Patin Dispositivo para el arrastre a velocidad variable de ele- mentos moviles.
US3881423A (en) * 1972-11-17 1975-05-06 Goodyear Tire & Rubber Variable speed vehicle
FR2272873A1 (en) * 1974-05-30 1975-12-26 Poma 2000 Sa Passenger transport rail installation - has guard rails on doors of vehicles bridging vehicle gaps at stations
US4053044A (en) * 1974-06-14 1977-10-11 Pierre Patin System for continuous entrainment at variable speed
FR2345329A1 (fr) * 1976-03-22 1977-10-21 Savec Convoyeur en boucle a vehicules relies elastiquement

Also Published As

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DE3067086D1 (en) 1984-04-26
JPS55164553A (en) 1980-12-22
EP0015581A3 (en) 1980-10-01
EP0015581A2 (fr) 1980-09-17

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