EP0010009B1 - Zersplitterbare Ladungen von mit Polyvinylnitrat bekleidetem Treibpulver und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung - Google Patents

Zersplitterbare Ladungen von mit Polyvinylnitrat bekleidetem Treibpulver und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0010009B1
EP0010009B1 EP79400590A EP79400590A EP0010009B1 EP 0010009 B1 EP0010009 B1 EP 0010009B1 EP 79400590 A EP79400590 A EP 79400590A EP 79400590 A EP79400590 A EP 79400590A EP 0010009 B1 EP0010009 B1 EP 0010009B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
powder
grains
fragmentable
process according
nitrocellulose
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP79400590A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0010009A1 (de
Inventor
Louis Leneveu
Didier Treneules
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Societe Nationale des Poudres et Explosifs
Original Assignee
Societe Nationale des Poudres et Explosifs
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Publication of EP0010009A1 publication Critical patent/EP0010009A1/de
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B45/00—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product
    • C06B45/04—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive
    • C06B45/06—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive the solid solution or matrix containing an organic component
    • C06B45/10—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive the solid solution or matrix containing an organic component the organic component containing a resin
    • C06B45/105—The resin being a polymer bearing energetic groups or containing a soluble organic explosive
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B45/00—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product
    • C06B45/18—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising a coated component
    • C06B45/20—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising a coated component the component base containing an organic explosive or an organic thermic component
    • C06B45/28—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising a coated component the component base containing an organic explosive or an organic thermic component the component base containing nitrocellulose and nitroglycerine

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a new type of fragmentable load for small and medium-sized weapons made from grains of nitrocellulose propellant powder coated with a film based on polyvinyl nitrate.
  • Fragmentable charges based on propellant powder grains are more and more commonly used in small and medium-caliber weapon ammunition because they allow the use, in a given volume, of a greater quantity of energetic material than that permitted with a loading of grains of propellant powder in bulk, while retaining, thanks to the fragmentation on ignition, the essential characteristics of combustion of bulk loads and in particular the rapid rise in pressure in the breech of the weapon.
  • the first consists in ensuring the cohesion of the powder grains by a chemical binder.
  • This chemical binder can be either a crosslinkable polymer such as for example a polyurethane or a gelatinizing oil nitrocellulose such as nitroglycerin.
  • this first route is far from satisfying the manufacturers of fragmentable loads. Indeed, the use of a polyurethane binder is difficult because of the difficulty in weighing an exact quantity of pasty polymer and the slightest difference in weight leads to a variation in the ballistic performances obtained with the final block, moreover, this type of fragmentable loading has shown poor dimensional stability during significant temperature variations.
  • nitroglycerin requires all the precautions linked to the use of explosive nitrated oils and we also know that these oils tend to exude over time, modifying by the performance of the load, not to mention the dangers posed by the presence of droplets of nitroglycerin on the surface of the load.
  • the second way of manufacturing fragmentable charges from propellant powder in grains consists in ensuring the cohesion of the powder grains by hot compression.
  • This route makes it possible to obtain loads that are much more homogeneous in terms of their chemical composition and therefore having greater homogeneity and greater reliability in terms of ballistic results.
  • this route is difficult to implement because nitrocellulose does not have a softening point and it is not possible to ensure the cohesion of uncoated powder grains by compression even when hot.
  • the object of the present invention is to propose a simple process for the production of homogeneous fragmentable charges from nitrocellulose propellant powder in grains coated with a layer of polyvinyl nitrate.
  • the process for manufacturing fragmentable charges of nitrocellulose propellant powder according to the invention is characterized in that, in a conventional process for the manufacture of nitrocellulose propellant powder with solvent, a smoothing operation is carried out during which one sprays on the powder grains a smoothing solution containing at least polyvinyl nitrate and a stabilizer, and in that, after evaporation of the solvent from said solution, the powder grains thus obtained are compressed between about 80 and 120 ° C.
  • the invention also relates to the fragmentable loadings obtained using this process.
  • the method according to the invention therefore makes it possible, by using a particular smoothing solution, to obtain, by a conventional method of manufacturing a propellant powder based on nitrocellulose with solvents, grains of powder which can be directly compressed, without additional handling and at temperatures much lower than the nitrocellulose decomposition temperature, in perfectly homogeneous fragmentable charges since obtained from grains of powder all identical.
  • the nitrocellulose propellant powders are produced by kneading the nitrocellulose, in the presence of usual additives known to those skilled in the art, in a gelatinizing solvent which is generally an ether / ethyl alcohol mixture.
  • a gelatinizing solvent which is generally an ether / ethyl alcohol mixture.
  • the dough thus obtained is press spun, cut into grains, air-wrung and soaked in water so as to completely remove the solvents.
  • the powder grains are then dried. They can then undergo the so-called smoothing operation during which, in a conventional process, a spray moderator such as camphor or a urea such as centralite in solution in a solvent is sprayed onto the powder grains.
  • the powder grains are then optionally soaked again and dried to undergo a final graphitization in general.
  • the smoothing operation is therefore modified and consists in spraying the grains of nitrocellulose propellant powder with a solution of polyvinyl nitrate mixed with a stabilizer which is preferably diphenylamine or 2-nitro-diphenylamine.
  • the solvent used is either an aliphatic ketone-aliphatic alcohol mixture such as the acetone-ethyl alcohol mixture, or a light aliphatic ester-aliphatic alcohol mixture such as the ethyl acetate-ethyl alcohol mixture.
  • the preferred mixture according to the invention is the acetone-ethyl alcohol mixture.
  • the weight / alcohol weight ratio of the powder can be between 5 and 30% and preferably between 15 and 25%.
  • the ketone or ester / weight ratio of the powder can be between 20% and 40% and preferably between 25% and 35%. He can be . interesting to add to the polyvinyl nitrate and to the stabilizer a plasticizer chosen from the usual plasticizers known to those skilled in the art such as dibutyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate, dinitrotoluene, camphor, diethyldiphenylurea. According to a particular embodiment of the invention, nitrocellulose can also be added to polyvinyl nitrate. All of these combinations are possible as long as the smoothing solution contains an amount of polyvinyl nitrate of between 2 and 10% of the weight of powder to be treated, and preferably between 3 and 5%. "
  • the smoothing solution is sprayed onto the powder at a temperature of approximately between 30 and 50 ° C.
  • a temperature of approximately between 30 and 50 ° C.
  • the solvent is then allowed to evaporate for approximately one hour and there are thus grains of nitrocellulose propellant powder coated with an external layer rich in polyvinyl nitrate, ready to be compressed without any other particular manipulation.
  • the smoothing operation with the polyvinyl nitrate solution occurs after a conventional operation of smoothing the powder with a combustion moderator.
  • the compression of the powder grains thus coated is carried out hot, at a temperature between 80 and 120 ° C.
  • the compression pressure depends on the nature of the base powder and on the fragmentation characteristics expected from the load. For the usual fragmentable loadings intended for the ammunition for weapons of small and average gauges, a compression pressure ranging between 100 and 200 bars is in general sufficient
  • the grains of powder are preheated during approximately ten minutes at the temperature of compression, they are compressed and allowed to cool in air. One thus obtains perfectly homogeneous loadings fragmentable since obtained exclusively starting from grains of powder all identical. Furthermore, the powder grains are compressed below the nitrocellulose decomposition temperature thanks to the thermoplastic polyvinyl nitrate layer which coats each grain of powder.
  • Fragmentable loadings were produced from a single nitrocellulose powder, having a potential of 900 calories / gram.
  • the powder had been cut into cylindrical grains with a single central hole, with a web of 0.4 mm. This powder was first smoothed with 2% centralite. Then the powder was smoothed in a bezel with a polyvinyl nitrate-based collodion having the following composition (per 100 g of powder):
  • the temperature of the bezel was 40 ° C. We left the beverage pan running, door open, for an hour.
  • the powder grains thus obtained were compressed into cylindrical blocks having a central channel.
  • the mold is preheated to 90 ° C.
  • the powder thus coated is loaded into the mold, the powder is allowed to rise in temperature for 3 to 4 minutes, it is compressed for one minute under a pressure of 150 bars, it is removed from the mold immediately and the block is allowed to cool in air.
  • Blocks having a height of 72.6 mm and a diameter of 30 mm were thus produced from 70 g of powder.
  • These blocks were fired with or without bulk booster powder, in a 30 mm ammunition, the weight of the shell being 236 g and the following firing results were given:
  • the compressed loads according to the invention fragment and burn like bulk powder loads while providing ballistic results similar to those provided by bulk loads but are more efficient than the latter because that they allow the introduction into a given volume of a greater quantity of energetic matter. Furthermore, their manufacturing process is very simple and very reliable.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
  • Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)

Claims (9)

1. Verfahren zur Herstellung von zersplitterbaren Ladungen von Treibpulver auf Nitrocellulosebasis, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man bei einem herkömmlichen Verfahren zur Herstellung von Treibpulver auf Nitrocellulosebasis mit Lösungsmittel einen Glättungsvorgang durchführt, in dessen Verlauf man auf die Pulverkörner eine Glättungslösung sprüht, die wenigstens Polyvinylnitrat und ein Stabilisiermittel enthält, wobei die Polyvinylnitratmenge in dieser Glättungslösung zwischen 2 und 10% des Gewichts des zu behandelnden Pulvers ist, und daß man nach Verdampfung des Lösungsmittels die so erhaltenen Pulverkörner zwischen etwa 80 und 120°C komprimiert.
2. Verfahren nach dem Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Lösungsmittel der Glättungslösung eine Keton-Alkohol-Mischung ist.
3. Verfahren nach dem Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Lösungsmittel der Glättungslösung eine Ester-Alkohol-Mischung ist.
4. Verfahren nach dem Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß diese Keton - Alkohol - Mischung die Aceton - Äthylalkohol - Mischung ist.
5. Verfahren nach dem Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß diese Ester - Alkohol - Mischung die Äthylacetat - Äthylalkohol - Mischung ist.
6. Verfahren nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß diese Glättungslösung ein Plastifizierungsmittel enthält.
7. Verfahren nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß diese Glättungslösung Nitrocellulose enthält.
8. Verfahren nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Polyvinylnitratmenge zwischen 3 und 5% des Gewichts des zu behandelnden Pulvers ist.
9. Verfahren nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kompression der Pulverkörner bei einem zwischen 100 und 200 bar liegenden Druck durchgeführt wird.
EP79400590A 1978-09-21 1979-08-28 Zersplitterbare Ladungen von mit Polyvinylnitrat bekleidetem Treibpulver und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung Expired EP0010009B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7827118 1978-09-21
FR7827118A FR2436766A1 (fr) 1978-09-21 1978-09-21 Chargements fragmentables de poudre propulsive enrobee de nitrate de polyvinyle et leur procede de fabrication

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0010009A1 EP0010009A1 (de) 1980-04-16
EP0010009B1 true EP0010009B1 (de) 1981-09-16

Family

ID=9212888

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP79400590A Expired EP0010009B1 (de) 1978-09-21 1979-08-28 Zersplitterbare Ladungen von mit Polyvinylnitrat bekleidetem Treibpulver und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4326901A (de)
EP (1) EP0010009B1 (de)
AU (1) AU529754B2 (de)
CA (1) CA1156839A (de)
DE (1) DE2960839D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2436766A1 (de)
IL (1) IL58127A (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11686151B2 (en) 2020-12-31 2023-06-27 Springs Window Fashions, Llc Motorized shade and wand assembly

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2436120A1 (fr) * 1978-09-12 1980-04-11 Basset Bretagne Loire Dispositif et procede de fabrication d'elements en poudre agglomeree
FR2518736B1 (fr) * 1981-12-17 1986-09-26 Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale Chargements mixtes pour munitions avec douille constitues de poudre propulsive agglomeree et de poudre propulsive en grains
SE451716B (sv) * 1983-07-13 1987-10-26 Nobel Kemi Ab Sett att tillfora inhiberingssubstans till krut i en fluidiserad bedd samt ett for behandlingen av krutet avpassat medel
JPH07112537B2 (ja) * 1987-11-27 1995-12-06 ダイセル化学工業株式会社 発火または爆発性の高い物質の原料組成物の混合方法
US5251531A (en) * 1989-04-25 1993-10-12 Wnc-Nitrochemie Gmbh Method and apparatus to prepare monobasic propellant charge powders with alcohol and ether as solvents
DE3913603C1 (de) * 1989-04-25 1990-03-29 Wnc-Nitrochemie Gmbh, 8261 Aschau, De
US5174837A (en) * 1990-02-21 1992-12-29 Societe Nationale Des Poudres Et Explosifs Temperature-resistant, fragmentable propellent charges
FR2658505B1 (fr) * 1990-02-21 1992-04-30 Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale Procede de fabrication de chargements propulsifs fragmentables resistant a la temperature, poudres constitutives et chargements ainsi obtenus.
US5489349A (en) * 1995-04-06 1996-02-06 Trw Inc. Grains of gas generating material and process for forming the grains
US6692655B1 (en) 2000-03-10 2004-02-17 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Method of making multi-base propellants from pelletized nitrocellulose
US6860208B2 (en) * 2001-01-04 2005-03-01 Trw Inc. Nitrocellulose gas generating material for a vehicle occupant protection apparatus
US7191709B2 (en) * 2004-02-10 2007-03-20 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Enhanced performance reactive composite projectiles
US7383775B1 (en) 2005-09-06 2008-06-10 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Reactive munition in a three-dimensionally rigid state
GB2440515B (en) 2006-08-01 2011-06-15 Dyson Technology Ltd A filter assembly

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3711343A (en) * 1971-08-20 1973-01-16 Us Army Cellular nitrocellulose based composition and method of making
US4023996A (en) * 1973-08-09 1977-05-17 Societe Nationale Des Poudres Et Explosifs Moldable compositions comprising polyvinyl nitrate
FR2374278A1 (fr) * 1976-12-20 1978-07-13 Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale Chargement unitaire de poudre agglomeree
JPS5476813A (en) * 1977-11-30 1979-06-19 Nippon Oils & Fats Co Ltd Small granular propellant and production thereof
FR2411817A1 (fr) * 1977-12-15 1979-07-13 Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale Chargement unitaire fragmentable de poudre propulsive, contenant un liant au nitrate de polyvinyle

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11686151B2 (en) 2020-12-31 2023-06-27 Springs Window Fashions, Llc Motorized shade and wand assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0010009A1 (de) 1980-04-16
US4326901A (en) 1982-04-27
IL58127A (en) 1982-08-31
CA1156839A (en) 1983-11-15
AU529754B2 (en) 1983-06-16
AU5101179A (en) 1980-03-27
DE2960839D1 (en) 1981-12-03
FR2436766B1 (de) 1981-02-27
FR2436766A1 (fr) 1980-04-18

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