EP0006751B1 - Vorrichtung zum Entgraten - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zum Entgraten Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0006751B1
EP0006751B1 EP79301232A EP79301232A EP0006751B1 EP 0006751 B1 EP0006751 B1 EP 0006751B1 EP 79301232 A EP79301232 A EP 79301232A EP 79301232 A EP79301232 A EP 79301232A EP 0006751 B1 EP0006751 B1 EP 0006751B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
media
casing
throwing wheel
deflashing
articles
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP79301232A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0006751A1 (de
Inventor
David Thomlinson Stearns
Robert Eugene Schmitz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Airmac Cryogenic Machinery Inc
Original Assignee
Airmac Cryogenic Machinery Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Airmac Cryogenic Machinery Inc filed Critical Airmac Cryogenic Machinery Inc
Priority to AT79301232T priority Critical patent/ATE3192T1/de
Publication of EP0006751A1 publication Critical patent/EP0006751A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0006751B1 publication Critical patent/EP0006751B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C3/00—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants
    • B24C3/18—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants essentially provided with means for moving workpieces into different working positions
    • B24C3/26—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants essentially provided with means for moving workpieces into different working positions the work being supported by barrel cages, i.e. tumblers; Gimbal mountings therefor
    • B24C3/263—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants essentially provided with means for moving workpieces into different working positions the work being supported by barrel cages, i.e. tumblers; Gimbal mountings therefor using refrigerating means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the deflashing art and more particularly to cryogenic deflashing apparatus for the removal of flash in a low temperature environment wherein the flash is embrittled for easy removal by the bombardment of a high velocity pellet media stream.
  • deflashing media is of steel, rubber, or plastic pelletized shot that is thrown by an impeller or projected by a nozzle against the articles which are typically tumbled in a deflashing apparatus.
  • prior art throwing wheels have proved to be incapable of uniformly distributing the media over the desired work surfaces within the deflashing chamber with the majority of media stream being concentrated at a particular area designated in the art as a "hot spot".
  • a hot spot prohibits the uniform deflashing of single or multiple parts within the chamber, as well as causing inconsistent wear on the internal components of the deflashing apparatus.
  • the present invention provides a cryogenic deflashing apparatus having a casing which is provided with an inlet for introducing a cryogenic gas into said casing, means within said casing for tumbling articles to be deflashed, and a media transport and throwing wheel assembly which includes a hopper, a wheel housing fixed relative to the casing, a rotatable throwing wheel journalled to rotate in the housing and having radially extending vanes, and a control collar having a media induction port communicating with the inner ends of the slots defined by the radial vanes, the control collar being angularly adjustable to vary the direction in which the media is thrown from the wheel, characterised in that means are provided for the angular adjustment of the control collar is rotatably journalled relative to the wheel housing so that the collar can be angularly adjusted while the wheel is rotating, and in that the media transport and throwing wheel assembly further includes a tubular member coaxial with said control collar, the hopper being adapted to store a predetermined quantity of media and being in communication with said tubular member
  • the angular orientation of the control collar may be varied or oscillated during machine operation to continuously shift the area of media concentration across the deflashing chamber. As such, a substantially uniform distribution of media across the deflashing chamber is provided which eliminates inconsistencies in flash removal, as well as concentration of wear on the internal components of the device.
  • this uniform distribution is augmented by an improved transport mechanism which delivers a consistent quantity of pellets to the throwing wheel and eliminates the tendency of the media to clog during transport from the hopper.
  • transport improvements are made possible by the combined effect of the static head, helical feed screw, and vacuum assisted transport mechanism.
  • the static head may be pre-set to a desired level while the speed of the helical screw and magnitude of vacuum assist may be adjusted during machine operation.
  • the density, intensity, and pattern of the media stream may be varied to meet the specific requirements of a particular article to be deflashed.
  • a first embodiment of the cryogenic deflashing apparatus of the present invention is shown, being composed generally of a housing or casing C formed in a substantially rectangular configuration.
  • the housing C is preferably fabricated from stainless steel having a double wall configuration with the voids between the opposing walls being filled with suitable insulation, such as a polyethylene foam material (not shown).
  • suitable insulation such as a polyethylene foam material (not shown).
  • the front wall 19 of the housing or casing C has a door D supported on hinges 10 which may be securely locked in a closed position by a fastener 11 mounted to the periphery of the casing C.
  • a seal 12 (shown in Figure 2) is provided between the opposing flanges 13 and 14 of the front wall 19 and the door D, respectively, to provide an air-tight interface between the interior of the casing C (i.e., the deflashing chamber) and the door D.
  • the door D extends transversely outward from the frontal wall 19 to form a vestibule V having an inlet or loading section 15 and an outlet section 16 vertically oriented relative to one another.
  • the inlet and outlet loading sections 15 and 16 are separated by a horizontal wall 17 which extends throughout the width of the door D and projects forwardly from the distal end of the vestibule V to reside within the vertical plane of the front wall 19 of the casing C.
  • both of the chambers 15 and 16 communicate with the interior of the casing C (i.e., the deflashing chamber) but are vertically isolated from one another.
  • a pair of cover plates 20 and 23 are mounted by way of hinges 21 and 24 to the outer walls of the vestibule V.
  • Each of the covers 20 and 23 preferably includes sealing means 25 and 26 (shown in figure 2) as well as latch members 27 and 28 (shown in Figure 1) to seal and maintain the covers in their closed position.
  • the vestibule V forms a relatively air-tight closure or outer gas lock which effectively prohibits interaction between the loading and the unloading chambers 15 and 16 and the atmosphere.
  • a pair of inner closure gates 29 and 33 are provided which are pivotally mounted about horizontal axes 30 and 34, respectively.
  • the upper closure gate 29 extends across the opening into the loading chamber 15, and selectively engages a peripheral picture frame- like seal 32 mounted on the distal ends of the upper wall 22 and partition 17 of the door D.
  • the lower closure gate 33 extends across the opening from the unloading chamber 16 to the deflashing chamber, and sealingly engages a barrier wall 36.
  • the barrier wall 36 is preferably formed as part of the vestibule V or outer gas lock and extends angularly into both the unloading chamber 16 and deflashing chamber.
  • both of these gates 29 and 33 are movable between a closed position (as indicated by the solid lines in Figure 2) and an open position (as indicated by the phantom lines in Figure 2) to allow selective communication between the loading and unloading chambers 15 and 16 with the deflashing chamber. Further, it will be recognized that in the closed positions, the gates 29 and 33 effectively isolate the vestibule V from the deflashing chamber and form, in effect, an inner gas lock which prevents the cryogen environment from interacting with the loading and unloading chambers 1 and 16.
  • the loading chamber 15 is additionally provided with a loading bin 37 which is pivotally mounted adjacent one end about a horizontal pivot axis 38.
  • the bin 37 is preferably formed having radially-shaped sidewalls and an open upper end adapted to receive parts (not shown) through the access cover 20. With the parts loaded into the bin 37, the bin may be pivoted to a position indicated by the phantom lines in Figure 2 to insert or dump the parts into the deflashing chamber.
  • an endless conveyor or belt B extends in a generally L-shaped path through the interior of the deflashing chamber having an upper course adapted to tumble parts within the chamber.
  • the belt is formed of spaced stainless steel segments to permit the media to pass therethrough and is supported at both of its sides by a pair of chain members 41 which are rigidly attached thereto.
  • These chain members 41 mate with a pair of idler sprockets 48 and 49 on their lower course and additionally extend vertically upward to engage a driving sprocket assembly 43.
  • the idler sprockets 48 include a threaded adjustment member 47 which may be manually manipulated to adjust the tension on the chain member 41.
  • the upper course of the belt B is guided by a pair of large sprockets 52 (shown in phantom in Figure 2) which are carried by a pair of circular discs 53, each mounted to a common shaft 54 and journalled to the sidewalls of the casing C.
  • a pair of large sprockets 52 shown in phantom in Figure 2
  • a pair of circular discs 53 each mounted to a common shaft 54 and journalled to the sidewalls of the casing C.
  • the sprocket drive 43 is driven by a chain drive 56 which extends between an external sprocket 57 mounted to the drive sprocket 43, and a sprocket 58 mounted to the outward shaft 59 of a gear box 60.
  • the gear box 60 may be driven by a conventional motor 61 and a timing belt arrangement 62 which engages the input pulley on the gear box 60.
  • the motor 61 may be of a variable speed type or alternatively the gear box 60 can be utilized to establish the speeds with which the belt B is driven.
  • the tumbling action of the parts (not shown) within the deflashing chamber may be adjusted to provide the most effective tumbling action for a particular operation.
  • the gear box 60 provides for reversible rotation so that upon completion of the deflashing operation, the belt B may travel in the direction opposite the arrow shown in Figure 2, whereby the articles (not shown) disposed upon the belt B may be moved off the belt B through the gate 33 and into the unloading chamber 16 of the vestibule V.
  • the deflashing chamber additionally includes means for the admittance of a cryogenic gas or liquid, which as previously mentioned, is utilized to embrittle the flash on the articles placed within the apparatus.
  • the means comprise an input fitting 65 and piping 67 and 68 which preferably extend through the upper wall of the casing C to direct the cryogen liquid stored in a reservoir (not shown) downward through the deflashing chamber.
  • a metering valve 66 is additionally provided to regulate the amount of introduced gas into the chamber, as well as the temperature therein.
  • the mechanism W is composed generally of a throwing wheel assembly 70, a helical feed screw 89, and a driving assembly 71, which are all removably mounted to the top wall of the casing C. As shown, the throwing wheel assembly 70 is aligned with an opening 69 which extends through the top wall of the casing C to form the discharge throat of the apparatus.
  • the throwing wheel assembly 70 is composed of the throwing wheel or impeller 93, a housing 82, and a skirt or shroud which extends downwardly into the discharge throat 69.
  • the wheel 93 is formed of a pair of opposed circular plates 94 with a plurality of symmetrically spaced fins or vanes 96 extending radially there-between, to define radial slots 95.
  • the plates 94 and vanes 96 are preferably maintained in position by fasteners 97 extending through the vanes, and interconnecting the plates 94.
  • the throwing wheel 93 is axially mounted to the main drive shaft 76 of the drive assembly 71 by way of a drive section 87 and coupling 85 which are respectively attached to the wheel 93 by a plurality of fasteners 86 and keyed to the shaft 76.
  • the shaft 76 is supported by a bearing 77 and is journalled at its distal end 73.
  • a pulley 78 is mounted on the shaft 76 and receives a belt 79, powered by a drive motor 80, as shown in Figure 1.
  • the speed of the drive motor 80 may either be variable via a conventional motor control (not shown) or alternatively by a pulley adjuster 81 which varies the space and thus the effective diameter of the halves of the pulley 78.
  • the throwing wheel 93 may be rotated at variable speed to propel media (not shown) through the discharge throat 69 and into the deflashing chamber.
  • the helical feed screw 89 is provided to transfer the media (not shown) axially into the throwing wheel 93.
  • the shaft 88 of the feed screw 89 is connected at one end to the drive shaft 76 and is journalled at the other end in a bearing 92 supported by an upstanding bracket 91.
  • the feed screw 89 is enclosed within a tubular member 90 which is preferably formed of two aligned sections 90a and 90e.
  • the section 90a includes an opening 90b which permits the deflashing media to enter the tube 90 as from a hopper 116 (shown in Fig. 5) and is maintained stationary by a flange 90c and fastener 90d secured to the angle bracket 91.
  • the tube section 90e additionally includes an opening 90f and is rotatably mounted for angular movement about the shaft 88 of the helical feed screw 89 by a collar 90g.
  • the rotatable tube section 90e forms a control cage for the intake of media to the throwing wheel 93 and may be adjusted during operation either manually or automatically to vary the pattern of media discharged from the throwing wheel 93.
  • media is supplied from the hopper 116 through the opening 90b in the tube section 90a to fill the area surrounding the helical feed screw 89.
  • the feed screw 89 and throwing wheel 93 are rotated by the drive shaft 76 such that the media (not shown) is transported by the feed screw 89 laterally toward the throwing wheel 93.
  • An internal impeller section 99 rigidly attached to one end of the shaft 88 of the helical screw 89 causes the media to travel upward into the throwing wheel 93, wherein, due to the rotation of the throwing wheel 93, the media is accelerated across the surface of the vanes 96 and discharged through the discharge throat 69 to bombard the articles within the deflashing chamber.
  • the lower portion of the deflashing chamber includes a V-shaped hopper or trough 100 formed by a pair of walls 101 that extend angularly downward from the sides of the casing C.
  • the trough 100 is provided with a transfer screw 103 adjacent its apex, which screw is mounted on a shaft 104 supported by bearings 105.
  • the screw 103 extends through the rear wall of the casing C to communicate with an insulated container 106.
  • a motor or other means 107 may be utilized to rotate the shaft 104, causing the media accumulating in the trough 100 to be transported into the container 106.
  • the container 106 is preferably provided with a screen 108 sized to separate or filter the media from the flash particles freed during the deflashing process, and is positioned in an overlying relationship with the inlet 111 of a screw conveyor, designated generally by the numeral 110.
  • the screw conveyor 110 is composed of an outer flexible tube 113 which extends from the container 106 to the hopper 116 positioned above the top wall of the casing C.
  • a helical screw 112 having a flexible shaft 114 is disposed within the tube 113 and is connected to a motor 115. As will be recognized, by rotation of the motor 115 and flexible shaft 114, the helical screw 112 transports the media entering through the opening 111 through the tube 113 and discharges the media into the hopper 116 for entry into the transport and throwing wheel mechanism 93. Further, to facilitate the addition of supplemental media into the system, a top closure 106a is provided upon the container 106.
  • the deflashing apparatus of Figures 1 through 6 of the present invention may be described. It will be recognized that initially the deflashing chamber is lowered to operating temperatures by the introduction of cryogen gas through the piping arrangement 67 and 68. At operating temperature, the particles or parts to be deflashed, are placed within the loading bin 37 of the vestibule V by opening the cover plate 20. During loading, both of the inner gates 29 and 33 of the vestibular V are in their closed position to prevent the transfer or interaction of the cryogenic gas contained within the deflashing chamber with the atmosphere.
  • the cover 20 is closed, sealing off the atmosphere from the vestibule V and the inner gate 29 may be released (as by removing a pin 120 shown in Figure 3, or releasing a holding means such as a crank arm 121) to move to the phantom line position, shown in Figure 2.
  • the bin 37 containing the articles to be deflashed (not shown) may be pivoted about its axis 38 to a position indicated by the phantom lines in Figure 2, wherein the articles are dumped onto the conveyor belt B.
  • the bin 37 and gate 29 may be returned to their initial position, thereby again sealing the vestibule V from the deflashing chamber.
  • the conveyor belt B travelling in a direction indicated by the arrows in Figure 2 tumbles the articles on its upper concave course with any articles accidentally moving out of the concavity being urged back thereon by the angularly inclined walls 29a and 29b of the upper gate 29.
  • the flash of the articles will become embrittled in comparison with the remainder or main body of the articles so that the media being discharged through the deflashing chamber by the throwing wheel 93, effectively removes the flash from the articles without marring the remainder of the articles.
  • the lower gate 33 of the vestibule V may be opened to the phantom line position of Figure 2 (as by the crank 123) and the belt B may be reversed so that the articles carried by the belt B are transported into the unloading chamber 16. Subsequently, the gate 33 may be returned to its initial position to prevent the escape of the cryogen gas, and the lower cover plate 23 may be manually opened to remove the articles from the apparatus.
  • FIG 7 a modified vestibule or gas lock arrangement is illustrated which may be substituted for the vestibule V of Figures 1 through 6.
  • the loading bin 237 includes a marginal extension or flange 225 adjacent one edge thereof which engages a sealing member 232 formed on the interior surface of the door D.
  • a lower seal 232a is mounted on one surface of the partition 17 which in combination with the seal 232 forms a substantially gas tight seal between the loading chamber 15 and the deflashing chamber.
  • the modification further provides a baffle 229a depending downwardly from the top surface of the case C to deflect articles being tumbled during the deflashing operation back onto the concave upper course of the belt B.
  • the baffle is preferably pivotally connected intermediate its length such that during pivoting of the bin 237 to enter parts into the deflashing chamber (in a manner previously described), the baffle may extend to a non-restrictive position indicated by the phantom lines in Figure 7.
  • the modified vestibule structure includes a lower gate 233 which is pivotally mounted about an axis 234 for movement between an opened and closed position indicated by the full and phantom lines respectively in Figure 7. As shown in its closed position, the gate 233 mates with a top and side seal 235 and 235a to prohibit interaction and heat transfer between the cryogen gas and the atmosphere. Further, the gate 233 serves to redirect any articles back onto the belt B which accidentally are thrown off the belt during the deflashing process.
  • the apparatus generally comprises a casing 300, having inner and outer spaced walls 302 and 304 respectively, which are preferably filled with an insulating material.
  • the apparatus shown is similar to the prior embodiment, and further comprises a modified gas lock or vestibule 308, an automatic part conveyor 312, a belt tensioning means 370a, flash/media separator 454, and a modified media transport and throwing wheel assembly 510.
  • the casing 300 is provided with a door 306 which preferably extends across the entire front surface of the apparatus.
  • the door 306 includes an outer lock or vestibule 308 which forms a substantially gas tight loading and unloading chamber 310 and 400 respectively (shown in Figure 11).
  • Manual access to the chamber 300 is facilitated by an outer hatch 330 which is pivoted to the top surface of the vestibule 308 by a hinge 332, whereas access to the chamber 400 is similarly provided by a pair of pivoted hatches 404.
  • the chambers 310 and 400 are separated from one another by an automatic part conveyor ' 312 and are selectively isolated from the deflashing chamber 322 by a pair of gates 324 and 390.
  • the conveyor 312 is provided with a series of flights 314 extending along its periphery, which grip and carry the parts along the conveyor 312. As shown, the conveyor 312 is driven in the direction of the arrow 318 whereby the parts carried thereon may be automatically deposited onto the tumbling belt 320 within the deflashing chamber 322.
  • the inner gate 324 which in its closed position extends from the upper portion of the chamber 310 to slightly below the uppermost pulley 422 of the conveyor 312, pivots in the direction of the arrow 326 to reside in a position indicated by the phantom lines in Figure 11.
  • the gate 324 forms an inner gas lock which permits limited interaction of the cryogen environment in the deflashing chamber 322 with the atmospheric environment of the loading chamber 310 only during loading of articles into the deflashing chamber.
  • the unloading chamber 400 is additionally provided with an inner gate 390 formed having an upper and lower section 392 and 394 respectively which is pivotally mounted about an axis 396.
  • the gate 390 has a closed position (indicated by the full line in Figure 11), wherein gate 390 sealingly engages the lower wall of the chamber 400 to isolate the unloading chamber 400 from the deflashing chamber and an open position wherein the gate 390 pivots in the direction of the arrow 398 to reside in a position indicated by the phantom lines in Figure 11.
  • the belt 320 may be driven in a reverse direction to dump the parts carried thereon into the unloading chamber 400 in the manner previously described.
  • this second embodiment also eliminates the safety hazards of the prior art by providing a vestibule chamber 308 which permits the loading and unloading of articles in the apparatus without direct exposure to the cryogenic gas environment within the deflashing chamber.
  • the deflashing chamber 322 contains a plurality of axles 350, 352 and 354 which support the belt 320 on sprockets respectively numbers 356, 358 and 360. These sprockets allow the belt 320 on sprockets respectively numbered 356, configuration whereby the parts (not shown) may be tumbled in the concave pocket formed upon the upper course of the belt 320 by the pair of discs 342.
  • the belt 320 is tensioned by means 370a comprising a roller 364 which is mounted about an axis 366 to a support arm 368.
  • the arm 368 is formed in a dog-leg configuration with the upper portion being connected to a rod 370 that is in turn mounted to a spring 372 and cylinder 374 arrangement.
  • the spring 372 biases the rod 370 to provide continuous tension on the belt 320.
  • a deflector 378 is additionally provided, being positioned at the interface between the vestibule 308 and the deflashing chamber 322.
  • the deflector 378 preferably comprises an upper portion 380 and a lower portion 382 connected at a hinge point 384.
  • the upper portion 380 is additionally connected by a hinge 386 for upward pivotal movement in a direction of the arrow 388 to a position indicated by the phantom lines in Figure 11.
  • the leg 380 When disposed in its closed position, the leg 380 is angularly inclined toward the belt 320, thereby urging parts accidentally thrown thereon back onto the belt whereas in its open position, the leg 380 extends outward away from the belt 320, thereby permitting the deflashed articles to be dropped into the unloading chamber 400, without interference from the deflector 380.
  • the assembly is mounted to the top surface of the casing 300 in a similar manner to that previously described, with the throwing wheel 594 in its housing 512 being aligned with a discharge opening extending into the deflashing chamber 322.
  • the helical feed screw 504 and impeller 594 although being axially aligned, are driven by separate motors 577 and 578 such that their rotational speed may be independently variable.
  • this independent drive feature permits the apparataus to be finely adjusted to specifically meet the performance requirements necessitated by individual part configurations.
  • the distal end of the tube surrounding the feed screw 504 is provided with a collar 516 having a small opening 520 therein which allows the media to be delivered into the radially oriented spaces 524 formed between the vanes 526 of the throwing wheel or impeller 510.
  • this collar 516 may be rotated about its central axis to vary the angular orientation of the opening 520 with respect to the throwing wheel or impeller 594.
  • control cage or collar 516 may be rotated during machine operation to continuously vary or oscillate the angular orientation of the opening 520 with respect to the impeller 510. In such a manner, the hot spot may be continuously shifted across the area of the deflashing chamber 322 thereby promoting uniform and consistent deflashing operations.
  • the collar 516 includes a flange adjacent the opposite end from the opening 520. This flange mounts a lever arm 518 extending radially therefrom.
  • the lever arm 518 includes an aperture 519 which is sized to receive one end of an actuator rod of a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder pivotally attached to the casing 300.
  • the rod is attached to the lever arm 518 by a pair of fasteners threaded onto the rod and positioned on opposite sides of the arm 518. As is well known, such a fastening arrangement permits the location of the arm 518 to be adjusted along the length of the rod.
  • the cylinder is energized by selective pressurization and depressurization from a controlled external pneumatic or hydraulic actuator (not shown) to reciprocate the rod thereby causing the collar 516 to rotate throughout a predetermined angular rotation consistent with the width of the deflashing chamber 322.
  • a controlled external pneumatic or hydraulic actuator not shown
  • the angular orientation of the opening 520 relative the throwing wheel 510 is varied, thereby shifting the area of media concentration across the width of the deflashing chamber 322.
  • the present apparatus additionally includes an improved transport mechanism 506 which is driven independently of the throwing wheel 510 to deliver a consistent quantity of pellets to the throwing wheel 510 and eliminate the tendency of the media (not shown) to clog during transport from the hopper.
  • the helical feed screw 504 is positioned coaxial with the throwing wheel 510 and is connected at one end to the motor 578 by way of a suitable flange arrangement and terminates at its other end adjacent the opening 520 of the control cage or collar 516.
  • the feed screw 504 is enclosed within a tubular member 505 which, as in the previous embodiment, includes a media intake opening adjacent its top surface.
  • a media hopper 502 is positioned above the media opening to store a predetermined quantity of media therein.
  • the hopper 502 includes a level indicator and valving arrangement (not shown) which regulates the amount of media entered into the hopper 52 to provide a constant static head.
  • the feed screw 504 rotates under the power of the separate motor 577, causing media (not shown) from the hopper 502 to travel first downwardly into engagement with the feed screw 504, and then transversely towards the collar 516. Due to the constant static head maintained within the hopper 502, the amount of media entering the feed screw 504 will be uniform.
  • the throwing wheel 510 being powered by its separate motor 578, is typically rotated at a speed substantially higher than the speed of rotation of the feed screw 504. This rotation of the throwing wheel 510 develops a vacuum at the opening or port 520 of the collar 516 which acts through the collar 516 and feed tube surrounding the feed screw 504. As such, the media being transported laterally by the feed screw 504 is vacuum-assisted in its travel and is urged through the port 520 onto the throwing wheel 510.
  • the media is constantly being acted upon during transfer from the hopper 502 to the impeller 510 (i.e. first downward by the force of the static head within the hopper 502, second transversely by the rotation of the feed screw 504, and thirdly transversely and upwardly through the opening 520 by the vacuum generated in the throwing wheel 510).
  • the inconsistent amount of media delivered to the impeller as well as the clogging problems associated in the prior art are substantially eliminated.
  • this particular transport throwing wheel arrangement permits the apparatus to be finely adjusted for particular deflashing operations.
  • the amount of vacuum assist, as well as the velocity of the media from the throwing wheel 510 is related to the speed of the throwing wheel 510, which may be independently controlled and varied during operation.
  • the amount of media being supplied to the wheel 510 is dependent upon the speed of the helical feed screw 504, which is additionally independently variable.
  • the density, intensity, and the pattern of the media stream may all be varied to suit the particular deflashing operation.
  • the media reclaim and media/flash separator mechanism is illustrated.
  • the lower portion of the deflashing chamber 322 is provided with an inclined member 440 which terminates in a hopper area.
  • the hopper includes a transport screw 442 which is driven, as in the prior embodiment, to feed the media into a reservoir container 444.
  • the container 444 is in turn connected to a flexible conveyor means 446 (analogous to the conveyor previously described in relation to Figures 4 and 5) having a helical feed means turned by a motor 448, to lift the media delivered by the screw 442 upward in the direction of the arrow 452, and deposit the same into the separator apparatus.
  • the separator apparatus basically comprises a plurality of vibratory chambers 454, 456, 458 and 460, each being provided with the respective screen thereunder, which is graduated in size from the upper to lower chambers.
  • the media transported through the helical feed tube 446 enters the upper chamber 454 and passes through a respective screen to the lower chambers 456 and 458.
  • Each of the lower chambers 456 and 458 is connected as by way of conduits 464 and 462 to the conical-shaped hopper 484. Due to the hopper 484 being maintained under vacuum, the media within the chamber 456 and 458 is rapidly drawn off and transported through the tubes 464 and 462 into the hopper 484.
  • the uppermost and lowermost chamber 454 and 460 are connected as by way of conduits 466 and 457 to a flash residue container 470 which is similarly maintained under vacuum.
  • a flash residue container 470 which is similarly maintained under vacuum.
  • the graduation of screens can be utilized in any suitable manner to allow for the most advantageous separation of the flash and media.
  • the order of the chambers and their respective screen size is preferably maintained such that the gauge of opening in the screen decreases from the upper to lower chambers of the separator to eliminate the smallest flash particles at the lowermost chamber while drawing off the media from at least one or two of the chambers thereabove. In such a manner, a suitable separation between the media and flash of the system is accomplished.
  • the media falls into the conical-shaped hopper 484 which is supported by legs 480 and 482.
  • the hopper 484 is connected to a feed screw and conveyor assembly 490 that is of the helical screw type previously described for conveying the media upwards into the feed hopper 502 of the throwing wheel assembly 510.
  • the media when the media reaches this hopper 484, its temperature has typically been raised to an intermediate level, i.e., between the cryogenic temperature and the atmospheric temperature, which often attracts moisture and creates a frost condition.
  • the media should be heated to evaporate any moisture contained thereon or alternatively maintained at cryogenic temperatures throughout the entire deflashing process to avoid icing.
  • the hopper 484 is provided with a cal rod 494 which is connected to a power supply as by way of the electrical leads 496 to heat the media to a temperature above the dew point.
  • the entire conduit 446 leading to the separator apparatus could be maintained at temperatures approaching the cryogenic temperatures, whereby the formation of ice would be prohibited.
  • the separator apparatus substantially separates the media from the flash liberated in the deflashing process and prevents a formation of ice on the media being transferred back to the throwing wheel apparatus 510.
  • the speed of the motors, as well as the operation of the control cage 516, may be controlled by the use of a variety of electrical or electromechanical linkages.
  • all the elements of the apparatus can be advantageously automated and connected to a digital control system (not shown) for providing a timed processing of material or articles through the apparatus.
  • the system can function entirely under automatic control down to the point of loading and unloading on a conveyor.
  • the present invention provides a substantial improvement over the prior art deflashing apparatus.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Vorrichtung zum kryogenen Entgraten, mit einem äusseren Gehäuse (C, 300), das mit einem Einlass (68) zur Einführung eines kryogenen Gases in das äussere Gehäuse versehen ist, mit innerhalb des Gehäuses vorhandenen Mitteln (B, 320) zur Trommelbehandlung von zu entgratenden Gegenständen, und mit einer Anordnung (W, 510) eines Medium-Förderers und eines Auswurfrades, welche einen Vorratsschacht (116, 502), ein bezüglich des äusseren Gehäuses (C, 300) festes Radgehäuse (82, 512), ein im Radgehäuse drehbar gelagertes Auswurfrad (93, 594), das radiale Flügel (96, 526) hat, und eine Steuermuffe (90e, 516) enthält, die eine mit den inneren Enden der durch die radialen Flügel bestimmten Räume in Verbindung stehende Einlassöffnung (90f, 520) für das Medium hat, wobei die Winkellage der Steuermuffe einstellbar ist, um die Richtung zu verändern, in welcher das Medium vom Rad ausgeworfen wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Mittel (90g; 518, 519) zum Einstellen der Winkellage der Steuermuffe (90e, 516) vorhanden sind, derart, dass die Winkellage der Steuermuffe eingestellt werden kann, während sich das Rad (93, 594) dreht, und dass die Anordnung (W, 510) des Medium-Förderers und des Auswurfrades ferner ein rohrförmiges, zur Steuermuffe (90e, 516) koaxiales Organ (90a, 505) enthält, wobei der Vorratsschacht (116, 502) zur Lagerung einer vorbestimmten Menge des Mediums ausgebildet ist und in Verbindung mit dem rohrförmigen Organ (90a, 505) steht, und wobei eine Eintragsschnecke (89, 504) im rohrförmigen Organ angeordnet und in Drehbewegung versetzt ist, so dass das Medium vom Vorratsschacht über die Einlassöffnung (90f, 520) zum Auswurfrad unter dem kombinierten, dauernden Einfluss des im wesentlichen konstanten statischen Drucks im Vorratsschacht, der Drehbewegung der Eintragsschnecke und einer an der Einlassöffnung durch die Drehbewegung des Auswurfrades hervorgerufenen Saugwirkung gefördert wird.
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, bei welcher an der Steuermuffe (516) ein Betätigungsmittel (518, 519) angeordnet ist, um die Steuermuffe wahlweise zwischen eine erste und eine zweite Stellung zu drehen, die zur Erzielung einer gleichmässigen Mediumverteilung im Radgehäuse (512) gewählt wird.
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, bei welcher das Betätigungsmittel (518, 519) die Steuermuffe (516) dauernd zwischen der ersten und der zweiten Stellung hin und her bewegt.
4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, bei welcher das Auswurfrad (594) durch ein erstes Antriebsmittel (578) und die Eintragsschnecke (504) durch ein zweites, unabhängiges Antriebsmittel (577) in Drehbewegung versetzt werden.
5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, bei welcher das erste und das zweite Antriebsmittel (577, 578) Mittel zur Veränderung der Drehgeschwindigkeit des Auswurfrades (594) und der Eintragsschnecke (504) enthalten, derart, dass die Menge und die Geschwindigkeit des Mediums, das vom Auswurfrad ausgeworfen wird, während des Betriebs unabhängig einstellbar sind.
6. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, bei welcher das äussere Gehäuse (C, 300) mit getrennten Einlass- und Auslassabschnitten (15 und 16, 310 und 400) zur Zuführung der Gegenstände zum Gehäuse und zur Wegführung der Gegenstände vom Gehäuse unter Ausschluss eines Zutritts von Umgebungsluft in das Gehäuse und eines Austritts von Kühlmittel aus dem Gehäuse versehen ist.
7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, bei welcher das äussere Gehäuse (C, 300) einen die Einlass-und Auslassabschnitte enthaltenden Vorraum (V, 308) hat, wobei der Vorraum innere und äussere abdichtende Verschlüsse (29 und 20, 33 und 23, 324 und 330, 390 und 404) für jeden Abschnitt aufweist.
8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, bei welcher der Auslassabschnitt (16, 400) unterhalb des Einlassabschnitts (15, 310) angeordnet ist.
9. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, bei welcher der Einlassabschnitt (15) vom Auslassabschnitt (16) durch eine innere Zwischenwand (17) getrennt ist und bei welcher die inneren abdichtenden Verschlüsse (29 und 33) mit der Zwischenwand zusammenarbeiten.
10. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, bei welcher der Einlassabschnitt (310) mit einem bewegten Band (312) versehen ist, auf welches die zu entgratenden Gegenstände geladen werden können, um sie in das äussere Gehäuse (300) zu bewegen.
EP79301232A 1978-06-26 1979-06-26 Vorrichtung zum Entgraten Expired EP0006751B1 (de)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT79301232T ATE3192T1 (de) 1978-06-26 1979-06-26 Vorrichtung zum entgraten.

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US91870778A 1978-06-26 1978-06-26
US918707 1978-06-26
US4650779A 1979-06-07 1979-06-07
US46507 1979-06-07

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EP0006751A1 EP0006751A1 (de) 1980-01-09
EP0006751B1 true EP0006751B1 (de) 1983-05-04

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EP79900765A Withdrawn EP0016088A1 (de) 1978-06-26 1980-02-01 Maschine zum entgraten

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JP (1) JPS6254625B2 (de)
CA (1) CA1112048A (de)
DE (1) DE2965313D1 (de)
DK (1) DK81180A (de)
ES (1) ES481958A1 (de)
NO (1) NO792145L (de)
WO (1) WO1980000140A1 (de)

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US4519171A (en) * 1983-01-26 1985-05-28 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Work-holding fixture for cryogenic decoating
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JPH0746458Y2 (ja) * 1990-02-06 1995-10-25 昭和炭酸株式会社 ショツトブラスト装置
SI23420A (sl) 2010-07-22 2012-01-31 Institut "Jožef Stefan" Kostni vsadki z večslojno prevleko in postopek njihove priprave
DE102010055783B3 (de) 2010-12-23 2012-06-14 Marabu Gmbh & Co. Kg Tintenkartusche für Tintenstrahldrucker
JP6351428B2 (ja) * 2014-08-06 2018-07-04 株式会社サンポー ショットブラスト装置
CN112643553A (zh) * 2020-12-14 2021-04-13 南京欣纳达精密机械有限公司 一种双叶轮喷射吊挂式冷冻修边机
CN114851085B (zh) * 2022-04-22 2023-08-15 湖北工业大学 一种高分子材料处理装置

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2965313D1 (en) 1983-06-09
WO1980000140A1 (en) 1980-02-07
NO792145L (no) 1979-12-28
EP0016088A1 (de) 1980-10-01
JPS55500409A (de) 1980-07-10
JPS6254625B2 (de) 1987-11-16
DK81180A (da) 1980-02-26
ES481958A1 (es) 1980-04-01
CA1112048A (en) 1981-11-10
EP0006751A1 (de) 1980-01-09

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