Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
  • D06B11/00—Treatment of selected parts of textile materials, e.g. partial dyeing
  • D06B11/0076—Transfer-treating
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
  • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
  • B41F33/00—Indicating, counting, warning, control or safety devices
  • B41F33/02—Arrangements of indicating devices, e.g. counters
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
  • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
  • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
  • B41M5/025—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein by transferring ink from the master sheet
  • B41M5/035—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein by transferring ink from the master sheet by sublimation or volatilisation of pre-printed design, e.g. sublistatic
  • B41M5/0356—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein by transferring ink from the master sheet by sublimation or volatilisation of pre-printed design, e.g. sublistatic characterised by the inks used for printing the pattern on the temporary support or additives therefor, e.g. dyes, transferable compounds, binders or transfer promoting additives
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
  • D06P5/00—Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
  • D06P5/003—Transfer printing
  • D06P5/004—Transfer printing using subliming dyes

Definitions

• an inert carrier sheet typically paper
• inks containing sublimable dyes this carrier being subsequently placed in contact with a substrate comprising a film or fabric composed of or coated or impregnated with a synthetic material and heated, whereby the dyes, which have affinity for the synthetic material, are transferred by sublimation to the said synthetic film or fabric.
• the paper or other carrier may be in the form of sheets, for which the transfer process is performed on a heated flat bed press, or in the form of a continuous roll, when the transfer process is performed continuously onto a roll of fabric using a calender with, for example, one or more heated rollers or cylinders.
• transfer is made at air pressures below atmospheric which makes the process more efficient or allows dyes to be used which transfer too slowly at normal atmospheric pressure.
• the transfer printing process may be carried out under reduced pressure or at atmospheric pressure. Temperatures for the process are usually from 100°C to 230°C, preferably from 160°C to 220°C and times are usually from 10 seconds to 3 minutes.
• Dyes used in the process have transfer characteristics which are dependent on their individual structures.
• transfer characteristics is meant the variation of transfer rate with variables of time, temperature and air pressure.
• a dye may be very sensitive to variations in these conditions, small variations resulting in large changes in the amount of dye transferred, and hence the depth of shade of the print.
• Another dye may be relatively insensitive to such variations.
• variation in transfer conditions may lead to variation in the hue, depth of shade, etc. of the final print.
• the paper printer will select dyes which will give minimum variation of hue and depth with change in transfer conditions but this is not always possible. To give reliable prints therefore, it is important for the transfer printer to control the transfer conditions, not only to ensure that they remain constant, but that they correspond to those recommended by the paper printer.
• a method of monitoring the transfer conditions existing in a transfer printing machine which comprises producing a test print on a substrate in the transfer printing machine using a transfer comprising a stable inert carrier which carries on at least a part thereof of a layer containing a mixture of at least two sublimable dyes of contrasting hue and differing transfer characteristics so chosen that the test print will vary in hue and/or depth of shade with the varying conditions of transfer and comparing said test print with a standard which the test print on the substrate will match in hue and depth of shade if the machine was operating under predefined transfer conditions during the production of the print.
• the at least two sublimable dyes are chosen so that the test print obtained will vary in hue and/or depth of shade with varying conditions of transfer and this may be achieved by selecting at least two dyes which transfer at rates considerably different from each other.
• test print may be produced separately, or in situ with the printed substrate, hereinafter referred to as the test print, in one of the following ways:
• the invention also includes a transfer for use in the method of the invention, comprising a stable inert carrier carrying on at least a part thereof, a layer containing a mixture of at least two sublimable dyes of contrasting hue, and different transfer characteristics so chosen that the test print will vary in hue and/or depth of shade with varying conditions of transfer.
• the invention further includes a transfer for use in the method of the invention comprising a stable inert carrier carrying on part thereof a layer containing a mixture of at least two sublimable dyes of contrasting hue and different transfer characteristics, chosen such that the print obtained varies in hue with variation in the conditions of transfer, and on an adjacent part thereof, carries a layer containing one or more sublimable dyes so chosen that when subsequently heat transfer printed according to the method of the invention, the latter dye or dyes produce a print which the former layer matches in hue and depth of shade if the transfer printing machine used was operating under predefined conditions.
• a transfer for use in the method of the invention comprising a stable inert carrier carrying on part thereof a layer containing a mixture of at least two sublimable dyes of contrasting hue and different transfer characteristics, chosen such that the print obtained varies in hue with variation in the conditions of transfer, and on an adjacent part thereof, carries a layer containing one or more sublimable dyes so chosen that when subsequently heat transfer printed according to the method of the invention
• the method by which the transfer test sheet is prepared can be any that is normally used for producing transfers for the heat transfer printing process.
• the dyes used are applied to the transfer substrate in the form of an ink or inks which may be based on a non-aqueous, aqueous or partially aqueous system using typical printing processes such as gravure, flexo, litho, off-set litho, and screen or may in some cases simply be applied by a coating machine.
• Each dye may be applied separately to the transfer but it is preferably to make one ink containing a mixture of the two or more dyes involved.
• dyes are not important provided that they are sufficiently different in transfer characteristics and hue and/or depth of shade to give a mixture which when transferred gives a print which varies in hue with the conditions of transfer.
• the sensitivity of the system to variations in transfer conditions can be controlled by the choice of dyes. The further apart they are in hue and transfer characteristics, the greater the sensitivity obtained.
• the dyes must be chosen so that under the conditions of transfer, all show some degree of transfer. They must, of course, be dyes which have affinity for the substrate to be transfer printed. Examples of such dyes may be found amongst those classified as Disperse Dyes and Solvent Dyes in the Colour Index (Colour Index, 3rd Edition, published 1971 by the Society of Dyers and Colourists, Bradford, BD1 2JB).
• the transfer sheet of the invention is used by applying it to a typical substrate using the transfer press or continuous transfer printing machine under test and then comparing the depth and hue of the print so obtained with a standard. When the press or transfer machine is operating under these same standard conditions, then the test print will match that of the standard.
• the standard may be prepared simply by transfer printing from a sample of' the transfer sheet of the invention under very carefully controlled conditions ' onto a suitable substrate. Alternatively, it may be produced using other dyes which have similar transfer characteristics to one another and so chosen that they produce a print which matches that produced when the transfer of the invention is transferred under specified standard conditions. It would also be possible to produce a standard by other methods of coloration such as dyeing or conventional textile printing methods. It may even be possible by careful choice of dyes to use only one in preparation of the standard.
• Another way to obtain a standard print is for it to be produced in situ by the machine under test at the same time as the test print is produced.
• a transfer test sheet printed according to the invention, so as to carry on part of its area a print comprised of two or more sublimable dyes of contrasting hue and different transfer characteristics may be also printed in an adjacent area with one sublimable dye or a mixture of sublimable dyes with very similar transfer characteristics to one another.
• This latter will show comparatively little variation in hue or depth over a wide range of transfer conditions. It can be compounded so as to give a standard hue over a range of transfer conditions, for comparison against the hue of the mixture producing the test print.
• the two mixtures of dyes which are printed on adjacent areas of the transfer test sheet are chosen so that under pre-defined operating conditions of a transfer printing machine, the prints produced by the two mixtures will be of the same hue and depth of shade. The transfer printing machine can thus be tested using such a transfer sheet to ascertain whether or not it is operating under the required conditions.
• a carrier printed with dyes having similar transfer characteristics may be divided into several seperate areas, each area varying in dye content from the next so as to produce a stepwise variation in hue on the substrate when subsequently transfer printed.
• This can be used as a multistep standard against which to compare the print obtained from the mixture of dyes of different transfer rates. This will allow transfer conditions to be quantified rather than just compared against one standard set of conditions. It will also allow transfer machine operators to set their machines to one of several possible predetermined conditions.
• adjacent areas of a transfer may be printed with two different inks both based on mixtures of dyes having different transfer rates but so chosen that the subsequent transfer print of the two areas will only match if printed under standard conditions.
• one ink may contain a mixture of two dyes, a slow transferring yellow and a rapid transferring blue, whilst the other may contain a slow transferring blue and a rapid transferring yellow. Only under pre determined standard transfer conditions would the two adjacent parts of print on the textile substrate match. Either or both of these inks may contain extra shading colours to ensure that a match in hue is obtained under the standard conditions.
• a gravure printing ink was prepared containing:
• This ink was used on a gravure printing machine to print blocks of colour 2"x3" onto a stable paper substrate in roll form.
• the paper was then cut up leaving a block of colour on a white ground on each piece.
• a gravure ink was produced based on a similar formula to that used in Example 1 except that the following dyes were used:
• a roll of paper was then printed using a gravure machine fitted with two printing rollers so etched and set as to print two equal blocks of colour side by side each block 3"x4", the whole surrounded by white.
• One block of colour was produced using the ink described above and one using the ink from Example 1.
• Pieces of paper produced as above were then used to set up a transfer printing machine, by adjusting its temperature until it produced prints on the polyester fabric in which the two adjacent areas of colour matched.
• a gravure ink was produced in the same way as in .
• Example 1 except that it contained the following dyes: together with a small amount of CI Disperse Red 60 (CI 60756) as a shading dye.
• the amounts of the three dyes in the ink were adjusted so that when printed onto paper and subsequently transfer printed onto a polyester fabric for 30 seconds at 210°C the resultant print was an exact match to the "standard" print form Example 1.
• Dye (III) is a slow transferring blue and dye(IV) is a rapidly transferring yellow which is the opposite of the combination in Example 1 of a rapid transferring . blue with a slow transferring yellow.
• Example 4 this paper was used to set a transfer printing machine to "standard conditions". This paper was much more sensitive to variations in these conditions than the paper described in Example 4.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Coloring (AREA)

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Cited By (3)

Citations (4)

• 1979
  • 1979-05-21 EP EP79300884A patent/EP0005948A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1979-05-31 JP JP6808579A patent/JPS552093A/ja active Pending

Patent Citations (4)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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