EP0005439A1 - Use of a ferritic-austenitic chromium-nickel steel - Google Patents

Use of a ferritic-austenitic chromium-nickel steel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0005439A1
EP0005439A1 EP79101013A EP79101013A EP0005439A1 EP 0005439 A1 EP0005439 A1 EP 0005439A1 EP 79101013 A EP79101013 A EP 79101013A EP 79101013 A EP79101013 A EP 79101013A EP 0005439 A1 EP0005439 A1 EP 0005439A1
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max
ferritic
austenitic
steel
austenite
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EP79101013A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0005439B2 (en
EP0005439B1 (en
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Hermann Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Weingerl
Manfred Dipl.-Ing. Koren
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Voestalpine Boehler Edelstahl GmbH
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Vereinigte Edelstahlwerke AG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese

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  • the invention accordingly consists in the use of a ferritic-austenitic Cr-Ni steel which contains 30 to 70% austenite and which has a max. 0.1% C, max. 1.0% Si, 4.0 to 6.0% Mn, 22.0 to 28.0% Cr, 3.5 to 5.5% Ni, 1.0 to 3.0% Mo, 0.35 to Contains 0.6% N, remainder iron and unavoidable impurities, for forgings that have a notched impact strength (according to ISO-V) of more than 35 joules with a minimum yield strength of already at twice the degree of deformation Must have 600 N / mm 2 .
  • a ferritic-austenitic Cr-Ni steel which contains 30 to 70% austenite and which has a max. 0.1% C, max. 1.0% Si, 4.0 to 6.0% Mn, 22.0 to 28.0% Cr, 3.5 to 5.5% Ni, 1.0 to 3.0% Mo, 0.35 to Contains 0.6% N, remainder iron and unavoidable impurities, for forgings that have a notched
  • a steel is used for the purpose mentioned, the max 0.1% C, max. 1.0% Si, 4.5 to 5.5% Mn, 25.0 to 27.5% Cr, 3.5 to 5.0% Ni, 1.3 to 2.5% Mo, 0.35 to 0.45% N, balance iron and inevitable impurities.
  • the C content of the alloy preferably being at most 0 , 07%.
  • a steel is preferably used for the stated purpose, with the proviso that the Mn content of the alloy is 4.5 to 6.0%.
  • a steel is used for the above-mentioned purpose with the proviso that its alloy preferably has a Cr content of 24.0 to 27.5%.
  • a particular advantage of the steels to be used according to the invention is that the forging temperatures up to 100 ° C higher than the standard steel mentioned in the introduction can be used in the manufacture of the forgings, whereby the forging is made considerably easier without impairing the quality of the forgings.
  • Spherical bodies for separators were made from pieces of the same block weighing 200 kg. In the zones of the spherical bodies deformed to different degrees due to the production, notched impact tests were carried out in an analogous manner. Values between 53 and 90 J at yield strengths between 620 and 630 N / mm 2 .
  • a piece of the other block was deformed under the forging press at forging temperatures of the same application onto a 3.6 m long shaft with a raw diameter of 320 mm.
  • At the quenched end-product could despite the low applied strain of 2.5 yield limit of 640 N / mm 2 in the longitudinal b zw. 630 N / mm 2 in the transverse direction and in the notch impact test even values of 200 J in the longitudinal and 70 J in the transverse direction.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
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Abstract

Die Verwendung eines ferritisch-austenitischen Cr-Ni-Stahles, der 30 bis 70% Austenit enthält und der max. 0,1% C, max. 1,0% Si, 4,0 bis 6,0% Mn, 22,0 bis 28,0% Cr, 3,5 bis 5,5% Ni, 1,0 bis 3,0% Mo, 0,35 bis 0,6% N, Rest Eisen und unvermeidliche Verunreinigungen enthält, für Schmiedestücke, die bereits bei zweifachem Verformungsgrad eine Kerbschlagzähigkeit (nach ISO-V) von mehr als 35 Joule bei einer Mindeststreckgrenze von 600 N/mm² besitzen müssen.The use of a ferritic-austenitic Cr-Ni steel that contains 30 to 70% austenite and the max. 0.1% C, max. 1.0% Si, 4.0 to 6.0% Mn, 22.0 to 28.0% Cr, 3.5 to 5.5% Ni, 1.0 to 3.0% Mo, 0.35 to Contains 0.6% N, remainder iron and unavoidable impurities, for forgings that must have a notched impact strength (according to ISO-V) of more than 35 joules with a minimum yield strength of 600 N / mm² even with a double degree of deformation.

Description

Die Praxis hat gezeigt, daß der korrosionsbeständige Stahl der Zusammensetzung:

  • max. 0,1 % C; max. 1,0 % Si; max. 2,0 % Mn; max. 0,045 % P; max. 0,030 % S; 26,0/28,0 % Cr; 1,3/2,0 % Mo; 4,0/5,0 % Ni; (Werkstoff-Nr. 1.4460) bzw. der weitgehend analoge schwedische Normstahl SIS 2324, der auch mit Stickstoffgehalten bis 0,2 % N erschmolzen wird, den Anforderungen an Festigkeit und Kerbschlagzähigkeit in bestimmten Anwendungsfällen, insbesondere bei der Herstellung von Schmiedestücken, nicht genügt. Durch Erhöhung des Stickstoffgehaltes bis 0,4 % N konnten die mechanischen Gütewerte teilweise verbessert werden; es zeigt sich aber beim Schmieden eine starke Anfälligkeit zur Rißbildung.
Practice has shown that the corrosion-resistant steel of the composition:
  • Max. 0.1% C; Max. 1.0% Si; Max. 2.0% Mn; Max. 0.045% P; Max. 0.030% S; 26.0 / 28.0% Cr; 1.3 / 2.0% Mo; 4.0 / 5.0% Ni; (Material no. 1.4460) or the largely analog Swedish standard steel SIS 2324, which is also melted with nitrogen contents down to 0.2% N, does not meet the requirements for strength and impact strength in certain applications, especially in the manufacture of forgings. By increasing the nitrogen content up to 0.4% N, the mechanical quality values could be partially improved; however, forging shows a strong susceptibility to crack formation.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, für Schmiedestücke, bei denen einzelne Zonen nur gering warmverformt werden, einen korrosionsbeständigen ferritisch-austenitischen Cr-Ni-Stahl anzugeben, der auch in diesen Zonen eine Kerbschlagzähigkeit von mehr als 35 J (nach ISO-V) zu erreichen erlaubt.It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a corrosion-resistant ferritic-austenitic Cr-Ni steel for forgings in which individual zones are only slightly thermoformed, which also has a notched impact strength of more than 35 J (according to ISO-V) in these zones. allowed to achieve.

Die Erfindung besteht demgemäß in der Verwendung eines ferritisch-austenitischen Cr-Ni-Stahles, der 30 bis 70 % Austenit enthält und der max. 0,1 % C, max. 1,0 % Si, 4,0 bis 6,0 % Mn, 22,0 bis 28,0 % Cr, 3,5 bis 5,5 % Ni, 1,0 bis 3,0 % Mo, 0,35 bis 0,6 % N, Rest Eisen und unvermeidliche Verunreinigungen enthält, für Schmiedestücke, die bereits bei zweifachem Verformungsgrad eine Kerbschlagzähigkeit (nach ISO-V) von mehr als 35 Joule bei einer Mindeststreckgrenze von 600 N/mm2 besitzen müssen.The invention accordingly consists in the use of a ferritic-austenitic Cr-Ni steel which contains 30 to 70% austenite and which has a max. 0.1% C, max. 1.0% Si, 4.0 to 6.0% Mn, 22.0 to 28.0% Cr, 3.5 to 5.5% Ni, 1.0 to 3.0% Mo, 0.35 to Contains 0.6% N, remainder iron and unavoidable impurities, for forgings that have a notched impact strength (according to ISO-V) of more than 35 joules with a minimum yield strength of already at twice the degree of deformation Must have 600 N / mm 2 .

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführung wird für den genannten Zweck ein Stahl verwendet, der max 0,1 % C, max. 1,0 % Si, 4,5 bis 5,5 % Mn, 25,0 bis 27,5 % Cr, 3,5 bis 5,0 % Ni, 1,3 bis 2,5 % Mo, 0,35 bis 0,45 % N, Rest Eisen und unvermeidliche Verunreinigungen enthält.According to a preferred embodiment, a steel is used for the purpose mentioned, the max 0.1% C, max. 1.0% Si, 4.5 to 5.5% Mn, 25.0 to 27.5% Cr, 3.5 to 5.0% Ni, 1.3 to 2.5% Mo, 0.35 to 0.45% N, balance iron and inevitable impurities.

Es hat sich dabei als vorteilhaft gezeigt, den C-Gehalt im Bereich von 0,01 bis 0,1 % und den Si-Gehalt von 0,1 bis 1,0 % zu halten, wobei der C-Gehalt der Legierung vorzugsweise maximal 0,07 % beträgt.It has proven to be advantageous to keep the C content in the range from 0.01 to 0.1% and the Si content from 0.1 to 1.0%, the C content of the alloy preferably being at most 0 , 07%.

Für den genannten Zweck wird vorzugsweise ein Stahl mit der Maßgabe verwendet, daß der Mn-Gehalt der Legierung 4,5 bis 6,o % beträgt. Desgleichen wird ein Stahl für obgenannten Zweck mit der Maßgabe verwendet, daß dessen Legierung vorzugsweise einen Cr-Gehalt von 24,0 bis 27,5 % aufweist.A steel is preferably used for the stated purpose, with the proviso that the Mn content of the alloy is 4.5 to 6.0%. Likewise, a steel is used for the above-mentioned purpose with the proviso that its alloy preferably has a Cr content of 24.0 to 27.5%.

Es ist bekannt, daß die Ergebnisse des Warmtorsionsversuches als Maßstab für die kritische Primärverformung von Schmiedeblöcken herangezogen werden können. Es werden deshalb Vergleichsergebnisse solcher Untersuchungen wie folgt angegeben:

Figure imgb0001
It is known that the results of the warm torsion test can be used as a yardstick for the critical primary deformation of forging blocks. Comparative results of such investigations are therefore given as follows:
Figure imgb0001

Als besonderer Vorteil der erfindungsgemäß anzuwendenden Stähle ist hervorzuheben, daß bei der Herstellung der Schmiedestücke um bis 100°C höhere Schmiedeanfangstemperaturen angewendet werden können als bei dem einleitend genannten Normstahl, wodurch die Schmiedung wesentlich erleichtert wird, ohne die Qualität der Schmiedestücke zu beeinträchtigen.A particular advantage of the steels to be used according to the invention is that the forging temperatures up to 100 ° C higher than the standard steel mentioned in the introduction can be used in the manufacture of the forgings, whereby the forging is made considerably easier without impairing the quality of the forgings.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand von Beispielen näher erläutert:

  • Aus einem 48 % Austenit enthaltenden Stahl der Zusammensetzung 0,064 % C; 0,66 % Si; 4,66 % Mn; 0,019 % P; 0,014 % S; 25,67 % Cr; 1,58 % Mo; 4,12 % Ni; 0,38 % N; Rest Eisen wurden 2700 kg schwere Blöcke abgegossen und diese zu zwei 2,5 t schweren ESU-Blöcken umgeschmolzen. Von einem Block wurden 200 kg schwere Stücke abgesägt und die Schmiedung von 1,6 m langen Turbinenschaufeln bei Temperaturen zwischen 1220°C und 10500C durchgeführt. Die fertigen Schaufeln wurden zwei Stunden bei 1080°C lösungsgeglüht und im Wasser abgeschreckt. Eine Schaufel wurde zerteilt und die mechanischen Gütewerte bestimmt; Streckgrenze im Fußteil 620 N pro mm2, in der oberen Hälfte 660 N/mm2. Kerbschlagzähigkeit nach ISO-V im Fußteil 90 J, in der oberen Hälfte des Blattes 130 J.
The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of examples:
  • From a steel containing 48% austenite with the composition 0.064% C; 0.66% Si; 4.66% Mn; 0.019% P; 0.014% S; 25.67% Cr; 1.58% Mo; 4.12% Ni; 0.38% N; The rest of the iron was poured into 2700 kg blocks and these were remelted into two 2.5 t ESU blocks. By a block 200 kg pieces were sawn off and the forging of 1.6 m long turbine blades at temperatures between 1220 ° C to 1050 0 C. The finished blades were solution annealed at 1080 ° C for two hours and quenched in water. A shovel was cut up and the mechanical quality values determined; Yield strength in the foot section 620 N per mm 2 , in the upper half 660 N / mm 2. Notched impact strength according to ISO-V in the foot section 90 J, in the upper half of the blade 130 J.

Aus 200 kg schweren Stücken desselben Blockes wurden Kugelkörper für Separatoren hergestellt. In den herstellungsbedingt unterschiedlich stark verformten Zonen der Kugelkörper wurden im analog durchgeführten Kerbschlagversuch.Werte zwischen 53 und 90 J bei Streckgrenzen zwischen 620 und 630 N/mm2 festgestellt.Spherical bodies for separators were made from pieces of the same block weighing 200 kg. In the zones of the spherical bodies deformed to different degrees due to the production, notched impact tests were carried out in an analogous manner. Values between 53 and 90 J at yield strengths between 620 and 630 N / mm 2 .

Ein Stück des anderen Blockes wurde unter der Schmiedepresse bei anwendungsgleichen Schmiedetemperaturen auf eine 3,6 m lange Welle mit 320 mm Rohdurchmesser verformt. Am abgeschreckten Endprodukt konnten trotz der geringen angewandten Verformung von 2,5 Streckgrenzwerte von 640 N/mm2 in der Längs- bzw. 630 N/mm2 in der Querrichtung und im Kerbschlagversuch noch Werte von 200 J in der Längs- und 70 J in der Querrichtung festgestellt werden.A piece of the other block was deformed under the forging press at forging temperatures of the same application onto a 3.6 m long shaft with a raw diameter of 320 mm. At the quenched end-product could despite the low applied strain of 2.5 yield limit of 640 N / mm 2 in the longitudinal b zw. 630 N / mm 2 in the transverse direction and in the notch impact test even values of 200 J in the longitudinal and 70 J in the transverse direction.

Alle Produkte wurden auf ihre Beständigkeit gegen interkristalline Korrosion geprüft, wozu die für diesen Stahltyp übliche chloridhaltige Kalziumhydroxidlösung mit Silberchloridzusatz verwendet wurde. Diese Beständigkeit war nicht nur im lösungsgeglühten Zustand gegeben, sondern die Produkte konnten auch 20 Minuten lang bei 600°C geglüht werden, ohne daß bei dieser Prüfung ein schlechtertes Ergebnis auftrat.All products have been tested for their resistance to intergranular corrosion, using the chloride-containing calcium hydroxide solution with silver chloride added, which is common for this type of steel. This resistance was not only given in the solution-annealed condition, but the products could also be annealed at 600 ° C. for 20 minutes without a poor result in this test.

Claims (6)

1. Die Verwendung eines ferritisch-austenitischen Cr-Ni-Stahles, der 30 bis 70 % Austenit enthält und der max. 0,1 % C, max. 1,0 % Si, 4,0 bis 6,0 % Mn, 22,0 bis 28,0 % Cr, 3,5 bis 5,5 % Ni, 1,0 bis 3,0 % Mo, 0,35 bis 0,6 % N, Rest Eisen und unvermeidliche Verunreinigungen enthält, für Schmiedestücke, die bereits bei zweifachem Verformungsgrad eine Kerbschlagzähigkeit (nach ISO-V) von mehr als 35 Joule bei einer Mindesstreckgrenze von 600 N/mm2 besitzen müssen.1. The use of a ferritic-austenitic Cr-Ni steel that contains 30 to 70% austenite and the max. 0.1% C, max. 1.0% Si, 4.0 to 6.0% Mn, 22.0 to 28.0% Cr, 3.5 to 5.5% Ni, 1.0 to 3.0% Mo, 0.35 to Contains 0.6% N, remainder iron and unavoidable impurities, for forgings that must have a notched impact strength (according to ISO-V) of more than 35 joules with a minimum yield strength of 600 N / mm 2 even with a double degree of deformation. 2. Die Verwendung eines ferritisch-austenitischen Cr-Ni-Stahles, der 30 bis 70 % Austenit enthält und der max. 0,1 % C, max. 1,0 % Si, 4,5 bis 5,5 % Mn, 25,0 bis 27,5 % Cr, 3,5 bis 5,0 % Ni, 1,3 bis 2,5 % Mo, 0,35 bis 0,45 % N, Fest Eisen und unvermeidliche Verunreinigungen enthält, für den Zweck nach Anspruch 1.2. The use of a ferritic-austenitic Cr-Ni steel that contains 30 to 70% austenite and the max. 0.1% C, max. 1.0% Si, 4.5 to 5.5% Mn, 25.0 to 27.5% Cr, 3.5 to 5.0% Ni, 1.3 to 2.5% Mo, 0.35 to Contains 0.45% N, solid iron and inevitable impurities for the purpose of claim 1. 3. Die Verwendung eines ferritisch-austenitischen Cr-Ni-Stahles, der 30 bis 70 % Austenit enthält, für den Zweck nach Anspruch 1 mit der Maßgabe, daß der C-Gehalt der Legierung max. 0,07 % beträgt.3. The use of a ferritic-austenitic Cr-Ni steel, which contains 30 to 70% austenite, for the purpose of claim 1 with the proviso that the C content of the alloy max. Is 0.07%. 4. Die Verwendung eines ferritisch-austenitischen Cr-Ni-Stahles, der 30 bis 70 % Austenit enthält, für den Zweck nach Anspruch 1 mit der Maßgabe, daß der Mn-Gehalt der Legierung 4,5 bis 6,0 % beträgt.4. The use of a ferritic-austenitic Cr-Ni steel containing 30 to 70% austenite for the purpose of claim 1 with the proviso that the Mn content of the alloy is 4.5 to 6.0%. 5. Die Verwendung eines ferritisch-austenitischen Cr-Ni-Stahles, der 30 bis 70 % Austenit enthält, für den Zweck nach Anspruch 1 mit der Maßgabe, daß der Cr-Gehalt der Legierung 24,0 bis 27,5 % beträgt.5. The use of a ferritic-austenitic Cr-Ni steel containing 30 to 70% austenite for the purpose of claim 1 with the proviso that the Cr content of the alloy is 24.0 to 27.5%. 6. Die Verwendung eines ferritisch-austenitischen Cr-Ni-Stahles, der 30 bis 70 % Austenit enthält, für den Zweck nach Anspruch 1 mit der Maßgabe, daß der zulässige Phosphorgehalt der Legierung max. 0,045 % und der zulässige Schwefelgehalt max. 0,030 % beträgt.6. The use of a ferritic-austenitic Cr-Ni steel containing 30 to 70% austenite for the purpose according to claim 1 with the proviso that the permissible phosphorus content of the alloy max. 0.045% and the permissible sulfur content max. Is 0.030%.
EP79101013A 1978-04-10 1979-04-03 Use of a ferritic-austenitic chromium-nickel steel Expired EP0005439B2 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2815439 1978-04-10
DE2815439A DE2815439C3 (en) 1978-04-10 1978-04-10 Use of a ferritic-austenitic chrome-nickel steel

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EP0005439A1 true EP0005439A1 (en) 1979-11-28
EP0005439B1 EP0005439B1 (en) 1981-06-10
EP0005439B2 EP0005439B2 (en) 1987-01-07

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EP (1) EP0005439B2 (en)
JP (1) JPS5814872B2 (en)
AT (1) AT360571B (en)
CA (1) CA1127881A (en)
CS (1) CS216926B2 (en)
DD (1) DD142894A5 (en)
DE (1) DE2815439C3 (en)

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EP0089943A1 (en) * 1982-03-18 1983-09-28 Vereinigte Edelstahlwerke Aktiengesellschaft (Vew) Process for manufacturing welded ferritic-austenitic CrNiMo steel structures
EP0123054A1 (en) * 1983-03-24 1984-10-31 Fried. Krupp Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Stainless chromium steel and process for the manufacture thereof
WO2013037999A1 (en) * 2011-09-16 2013-03-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Compressor blade and method for the production thereof

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0089943A1 (en) * 1982-03-18 1983-09-28 Vereinigte Edelstahlwerke Aktiengesellschaft (Vew) Process for manufacturing welded ferritic-austenitic CrNiMo steel structures
EP0123054A1 (en) * 1983-03-24 1984-10-31 Fried. Krupp Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Stainless chromium steel and process for the manufacture thereof
WO2013037999A1 (en) * 2011-09-16 2013-03-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Compressor blade and method for the production thereof
CN103797134A (en) * 2011-09-16 2014-05-14 西门子公司 Compressor blade and method for the production thereof
CN103797134B (en) * 2011-09-16 2015-11-25 西门子公司 For the manufacture of the method for compressor blade

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Publication number Publication date
DE2815439C3 (en) 1980-10-09
JPS54155115A (en) 1979-12-06
EP0005439B2 (en) 1987-01-07
US4272305A (en) 1981-06-09
DE2815439A1 (en) 1979-10-18
AT360571B (en) 1981-01-26
CS216926B2 (en) 1982-12-31
EP0005439B1 (en) 1981-06-10
DE2815439B2 (en) 1980-02-21
DD142894A5 (en) 1980-07-16
JPS5814872B2 (en) 1983-03-22
ATA232679A (en) 1980-06-15
CA1127881A (en) 1982-07-20

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