EP0004829B1 - Verfahren zum Anpassen eines Bekleidungselementes oder Zubehörs an einen Teil des menschlichen Körpers und Element oder Zubehör zur Durchführung des Verfahrens - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Anpassen eines Bekleidungselementes oder Zubehörs an einen Teil des menschlichen Körpers und Element oder Zubehör zur Durchführung des Verfahrens Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0004829B1
EP0004829B1 EP79810030A EP79810030A EP0004829B1 EP 0004829 B1 EP0004829 B1 EP 0004829B1 EP 79810030 A EP79810030 A EP 79810030A EP 79810030 A EP79810030 A EP 79810030A EP 0004829 B1 EP0004829 B1 EP 0004829B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
article
covering
foam
clothing
accessory
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP79810030A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0004829A3 (en
EP0004829A2 (de
Inventor
Guy Courvoisier
Simon Arieh
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lange International SA
Original Assignee
Lange International SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lange International SA filed Critical Lange International SA
Publication of EP0004829A2 publication Critical patent/EP0004829A2/de
Publication of EP0004829A3 publication Critical patent/EP0004829A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0004829B1 publication Critical patent/EP0004829B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A42HEADWEAR
    • A42CMANUFACTURING OR TRIMMING HEAD COVERINGS, e.g. HATS
    • A42C2/00Manufacturing helmets by processes not otherwise provided for
    • A42C2/007Manufacturing custom-sized helmets
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A42HEADWEAR
    • A42BHATS; HEAD COVERINGS
    • A42B3/00Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
    • A42B3/04Parts, details or accessories of helmets
    • A42B3/10Linings
    • A42B3/12Cushioning devices
    • A42B3/125Cushioning devices with a padded structure, e.g. foam
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43FOOTWEAR
    • A43BCHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B19/00Shoe-shaped inserts; Inserts covering the instep
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43FOOTWEAR
    • A43BCHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B5/00Footwear for sporting purposes
    • A43B5/04Ski or like boots
    • A43B5/0405Linings, paddings or insertions; Inner boots
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43FOOTWEAR
    • A43BCHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B7/00Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
    • A43B7/14Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts
    • A43B7/28Adapting the inner sole or the side of the upper of the shoe to the sole of the foot
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/34Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
    • H05B3/36Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs heating conductor embedded in insulating material
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/002Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
    • H05B2203/003Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using serpentine layout
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/013Heaters using resistive films or coatings
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/017Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/036Heaters specially adapted for garment heating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for adapting by thermoforming an item of clothing or accessory made of thermoplastic material to a part of the human body.
  • This invention also relates to an item of clothing or accessory for implementing the method.
  • the foot When the shoes are formed from a shell of a relatively rigid material, like most shoes intended for downhill skiing, the foot must be kept as tightly as possible in the boot while remaining comfortable. Given that the rigid shell is molded according to a given size and that such molding is necessarily standard, the adaptation and tightening of the shoe to the foot are carried out by a deformable intermediate lining intended to marry as faithfully as possible the shape of the foot.
  • Thermoformable foams of low density polyethylene blown with nitrogen have been used in the medical field, in particular for hot molding this foam around different parts of the body with a view to producing gutters or orthopedic supports or even for adapt a prosthesis to a mutilated limb.
  • the foam is heated to its thermoforming temperature which is around 140 ° C. and applied to the part of the body to which we want to adapt this foam by shaping it until it perfectly matches the desired shape. Contrary to what one might fear, there is practically no risk of burns.
  • the density of the material is of the order of 0.04, that it is a foam with low specific heat, containing a lot of gas and that the thermal conductivity of polyethylene is and that of the foam is even worse because of the large volume of gas it contains, the quantity of calories to be dissipated per unit of time and surface is perfectly compatible with the heat exchange capacity of the skin due to blood circulation. It must also be added to these considerations that the area of material in direct contact with the skin, relative to the area of skin covered by the foam, is very small.
  • the present invention as claimed makes use of such a foam in view of remedying the drawbacks of the abovementioned adaptation methods, so as to obtain an internal coating of the envelope, the shape of which results from the creep of the foam brought to its temperature of thermoforming and subjected to compressive stress until the disappearance of this stress, which constitutes the final stage of adaptation of the envelope to the part of the human body.
  • the subject of the invention is a method for thermoforming adapting an item of clothing or accessory made of thermoplastic material to a part of the human body, method in which said part is housed with clamping in the element which is worn to its thermoforming temperature so that the reciprocal pressure between the part of the body and the element causes a permanent deformation of the latter until disappearance of the sensitive stresses exerted on the part of the body, the element then being left to cool until '' at the firming temperature of its thermoplastic material and the part of the body then being extracted from the element when the latter has firmed, characterized in that a clothing element or accessory comprising an inextensible external envelope is used provided with an inner lining made of plastic foam capable of creeping at its thermoforming temperature and covering at least partially the internal face d e the external envelope so as to compress the part of the body to be coated and in that, after having forcefully introduced the part of the body to be coated in said external envelope so as to compress the lining between said part of the body and the envelope external, the temperature of the inner lining
  • This invention also relates to a clothing element or accessory for the implementation of the method characterized in that it comprises an inextensible external envelope provided with an interior lining in thermoformable plastic foam covering at least partially the internal face. of the external envelope by delimiting a cavity (3), said filling (2; 2 '; 2 ") consisting of a sandwich comprising two sheets (2a, 2b) of said foam between which a heating body is disposed electrical (4), connection means (7) being provided for connecting this heating body to an electrical supply.
  • Figures 1 and 2 are sectional views of a shoe, illustrating two phases relating to this embodiment.
  • Figure 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the flexible gasket.
  • FIG. 4 is a view along IV-IV of FIG. 3.
  • Figure 5 is a perspective view of the trim blank.
  • Figure 6 is an elevational view of a variant.
  • Figure 7 is a sectional view of a helmet.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 relate to the adaptation of a boot, in particular a boot for downhill skiing comprising a shell 1 of molded plastic material generally formed from two parts 1a , 1b articulated to each other and fixed by one or more closures. These closures are not shown in the accompanying drawing, since they are not necessary for understanding the invention.
  • thermoformable thermoplastic foam 2 which can advantageously be in the form of a liner attached to the shell and therefore manufactured separately from it and providing an interior cavity 3
  • this foam is a low density polyethylene foam blown with nitrogen and sold under the registered trademark "Plastazote”. This foam is specially studied for medical uses, its density of 0.04 and its low specific heat allow it to be brought into contact with the skin after being heated to its thermoforming temperature located around 120 °. at 140 ° C without causing any burns.
  • the liner formed by the lining 2 may preferably be made in the form of a sandwich (FIG. 3) comprising two sheets of foam 2a and 2b of 6 mm thickness, each welded for example to each other, polyethylene foam welding at its thermoforming temperature. These sheets can also be sewn or stapled or fixed by any other appropriate means. Between these foam sheets 2a and 2b is an array of electric heating bodies 4 constituted in this example by a deposit of copper on a sheet of support polyethylene 5. The array 4 is formed by the well-known technique used to make the printed circuits and can cover a large part of the surface of the sheet 5 (fig. 4) so as to give a good distribution of heat.
  • the liner can advantageously be produced as illustrated in FIG. 5, that is to say using two sheets 2A and 2B of a sandwich similar to that of FIG. 4 in which the arrays of body are incorporated. heated.
  • the union of these leaves constitutes the vamp of the liner and one of them 2A has an appendage 2C folded substantially at a right angle to form the support of the plantar arches.
  • the lining 2 may be covered with a textile material which may or may not adhere to the lining 2.
  • Connection tabs 7 are further formed to allow the heating body to be connected to an electrical supply.
  • An ordinary sole 8 can be associated with the liner 2.
  • the shape of the cavity 3 generally corresponds to that of the foot to which the shoe is to be adapted, but its dimensions are chosen to be smaller than the corresponding dimensions of this foot.
  • the length of the cavity 3 corresponds to the size of the foot to which the shoe is intended to adapt, so as not to compress the toes.
  • a pocket 3a (fig. 2) to allow the toes to move. It is therefore the other dimensions of the cavity 3 which are undersized by about one to two sizes relative to the foot to which the shoe is to be adapted.
  • the foam 2 is then heated to its thermoforming temperature which is, in this case, about 120 ° to 140 ° C.
  • This heating can advantageously be carried out using the electric heating body 4 connected to a low voltage current source (not shown) provided with a timed switch intended to cut off the power supply after a determined duration chosen to allow bringing the lining 2 at its thermoforming temperature.
  • a low voltage current source not shown
  • any other suitable heating system can be used.
  • the liner 2 could then be produced using a single sheet without incorporating the heating means.
  • the temperature of the foam forming the lining 2 corresponds to its creep temperature, it gradually yields to the stress of the foot which thus finds its place, the creep being a direct function of the local stresses exerted by the foot on the foam.
  • the lining retains the structure of the foam and its deformation is only due to the reaction of the foot following the compression undergone during its introduction into the undersized cavity 3. .
  • the lining can be removed to leave only the sole 8.
  • thermoforming the housing to its size adapted to the morphology of the foot introduced into the walls of heated foam.
  • pocket 3a formed to allow movement of the toes, remains after the formation of the housing. The shoe is then ready for immediate use.
  • openings can be made through the filling.
  • the size of these openings as well as their distribution and density can be chosen at will in order to promote the transfer of heat through the lining.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a variant according to which a liner 9, formed of a material which is neither compressible nor thermoformable, has laterally two pockets, one of which is visible in this figure, the other being arranged simmetrically with respect to the longitudinal axis of the foot. These pockets are intended to receive the lining 2 ′ formed in one piece from a sandwich identical to that of FIG. 3. The two parts of this lining are threaded into the side pockets from the rear of the liner 9. The adaptation of the bootie 9 is carried out in the same manner as in the case of the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 5.
  • connection tabs 7 ' are connected to a power supply provided for this purpose (not shown) for example a 20V supply and of an appropriate amperage so as to bring the temperature of the foam between 120 ° and 140 ° C. without the sensation being intolerable after which the feeding is interrupted.
  • the foam compressed at this temperature between the shell of the shoe and the foot creeps until the stresses exerted on the foot have practically disappeared.
  • the adaptation is completed and the housing thus formed is perfectly adapted to this foot which is thus tightly maintained while being perfectly at ease which is an important factor. for the safety and comfort of the skier.
  • the connection tabs can obviously be cut later.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates how this lining can be used for a helmet 12, in which there are pads 2 "each formed from a sandwich similar to that of FIG. 3 and connected to each other by connections 11 of so as to supply them with electric current.
  • the principle of adaptation is the same as for the shoe, the thickness of the linings 2 "is such that a certain stress is exerted on the head to which the helmet 12 must be adapted.
  • the heating of the linings 2 " is intended to cause the foam to flow under the effect of the stresses until they practically disappear, after which the foam is allowed to cool, which thus retains the exact imprint of the head of the user.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)

Claims (7)

1. Verfahren zum Anpassen durch Wärmeformung eines Bekleidungselementes oder Zubehörs aus thermoplastischem Material an einen Teil des menschlichen Körpers, wobei dieser Körperteil unter Druck in das Element eingeschlossen wird, welches dann auf seine Wärmeformungstemperatur gebracht wird, so daß der gegenseitige Druck zwischen dem Körperteil und dem Element eine dauernde Verformung des letzteren bis zum Verschwinden fühlbarer, auf den Körperteil ausgeübter Einengungen bewirkt, worauf das Element bis auf die Wiedererhärtungstemperatur seines thermoplastischen Materials abkühlen gelassen und der Körperteil dann aus dem Element entfernt wird, sobald dieses wiedererhärtet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man ein Bekleidungselement oder Zubehör aus einer äußeren, undehnbaren Hülle (1; 12) mit einer inneren Einlage (2; 2'; 2") aus Schaumstoff verwendet, der bei seiner Wärmeformungstemperatur erweichen kann und wenigstens teilweise die Innenfläche der äußeren Hülle bedeckt, so daß er auf den zu bekleidenden Körperteil drückt, und daß man nach Einführung des zu bekleidenden Körperteiles unter Druck in diese äußere Hülle (1; 12), wobei die Einlage (2; 2'; 2") zwischen diesem Körperteil und der äußeren Hülle zusammengedrückt wird, die Temperatur der inneren Einlage auf ihre Wärmeformungstemperatur bringt, um die Erweichung des Schaumstoffes in den zusammengedrückten Bereichen bis zum Verschwinden fühlbarer, auf den Körperteil ausgeübter Einengungen zu ermöglichen.
2. Bekleidungselement oder Zubehör zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es eine äußere, undehnbare Hülle (1; 12) mit einer inneren Einlage (2; 2'; 2") aus hitzformbarem Schaumstoff aufweist, welcher wenigstens teilweise die Innenfläche der äußeren Hülle bedeckt und einen Hohlraum (3) einschließt, und daß diese Einlage (2; 2'; 2") aus einem Schichtverband aus zwei Folien (2a, 2b) dieses Schaumstoffes besteht, zwischen denen ein elektrischer Heizkörper (4) angeordnet ist und Anschlußeinrichtungen (7) zum Anschluß dieses Heizkörpers an eine elektrische Stromzuführung vorgesehen sind.
3. Bekleidungselement oder Zubehör nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die äußere Hülle (1; 12) aus einer wenigstens teilweise starren Schale besteht.
4. Bekleidungselement nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß diese Hülle einen Schuh zur Ausführung des Skisportes bildet.
5. Bekleidungselement nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß diese Hülle (12) einen Helm bildet.
6. Bekleidungselement nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß diese Hülle (1) einen Stiefel bildet.
7. Bekleidungselement nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß diese Hülle einen Handschuh bildet.
EP79810030A 1978-04-06 1979-03-29 Verfahren zum Anpassen eines Bekleidungselementes oder Zubehörs an einen Teil des menschlichen Körpers und Element oder Zubehör zur Durchführung des Verfahrens Expired EP0004829B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH3695/78 1978-04-06
CH369578 1978-04-06

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0004829A2 EP0004829A2 (de) 1979-10-17
EP0004829A3 EP0004829A3 (en) 1979-10-31
EP0004829B1 true EP0004829B1 (de) 1984-03-14

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EP79810030A Expired EP0004829B1 (de) 1978-04-06 1979-03-29 Verfahren zum Anpassen eines Bekleidungselementes oder Zubehörs an einen Teil des menschlichen Körpers und Element oder Zubehör zur Durchführung des Verfahrens

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4433494A (de)
EP (1) EP0004829B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS602041B2 (de)
AT (1) AT369969B (de)
CA (1) CA1126016A (de)
DE (1) DE2966773D1 (de)
IT (1) IT1202909B (de)
WO (1) WO1979000886A1 (de)

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ATA251279A (de) 1982-07-15
CA1126016A (fr) 1982-06-22
WO1979000886A1 (en) 1979-11-01
JPS602041B2 (ja) 1985-01-18
DE2966773D1 (en) 1984-04-19
IT1202909B (it) 1989-02-15
JPS55500186A (de) 1980-04-03
IT7921626A0 (it) 1979-04-05
AT369969B (de) 1983-02-25
EP0004829A3 (en) 1979-10-31
EP0004829A2 (de) 1979-10-17
US4433494A (en) 1984-02-28

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