EP0004801B1 - Disjoncteur à dispositif électromagnétique d'ouverture rapide du contact mobile - Google Patents

Disjoncteur à dispositif électromagnétique d'ouverture rapide du contact mobile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0004801B1
EP0004801B1 EP79400135A EP79400135A EP0004801B1 EP 0004801 B1 EP0004801 B1 EP 0004801B1 EP 79400135 A EP79400135 A EP 79400135A EP 79400135 A EP79400135 A EP 79400135A EP 0004801 B1 EP0004801 B1 EP 0004801B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
contact arm
arm
circuit breaker
contacts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP79400135A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0004801A2 (fr
EP0004801A3 (en
Inventor
Pierre Batteux
Robert Morel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Merlin Gerin SA
Original Assignee
Merlin Gerin SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Merlin Gerin SA filed Critical Merlin Gerin SA
Publication of EP0004801A2 publication Critical patent/EP0004801A2/fr
Publication of EP0004801A3 publication Critical patent/EP0004801A3/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0004801B1 publication Critical patent/EP0004801B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H77/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting
    • H01H77/02—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism
    • H01H77/10—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism with electrodynamic opening
    • H01H77/107—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism with electrodynamic opening characterised by the blow-off force generating means, e.g. current loops
    • H01H77/108—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism with electrodynamic opening characterised by the blow-off force generating means, e.g. current loops comprising magnetisable elements, e.g. flux concentrator, linear slot motor

Definitions

  • a known circuit breaker of the kind mentioned (US-A-3,815,059) comprises a plurality of U-shaped ferromagnetic sheets, aligned to form an open notch for housing the contact arm extending in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the sheets.
  • the electromagnetic forces generated by the fault current cause the arm to quickly drive towards the inside of the notch and the opening of the contacts with an effect of limiting the fault current.
  • the circuit breaker is of large size, it is difficult to maintain a controlled electrodynamic resistance of the contacts up to a predetermined value of the current without increasing the contact pressure, which would require an oversized operating mechanism.
  • FR-A-2,246,052 discloses an electromagnetic trip device having a coil and two armatures, one actuating the circuit breaker locking device and the other acting directly on the movable contact.
  • a saturable magnetic shunt bridges the working air gap of the armature acting on the movable contact to ensure successive action of the two armatures.
  • the device is complicated and requires an excitation coil.
  • the object of the invention is to remedy these drawbacks and to produce a circuit breaker with controlled electrodynamic resistance up to an overcurrent threshold, and quickly limiter beyond.
  • the circuit breaker according to the invention is characterized in that said magnetic circuit comprises a saturable derivative circuit comprising a pair of ferromagnetic tongues of reduced section compared to that of the wings and separated by a second air gap (e) to form in an unsaturated state a magnetic shunt with a reluctance lower than the reluctance of the main circuit and causing in saturated state the flow path in said first air gap (E) for a displacement of the contact arm towards the open position under the influence of electromagnetic forces, the passage from the unsaturated state to the saturated state of the saturable circuit taking place when a predetermined threshold (S M ) of the fault current flowing in said arm is exceeded.
  • S M predetermined threshold
  • the current flowing through the contact arm generates a magnetic flux in the magnetic circuit with a value less than the saturation value of the derived magnetic circuit. Almost the entire flow follows this derivative circuit of low reluctance and the electromagnetic device exerts on the contact arm a negligible force of attraction.
  • the branch circuit becomes saturated and the flow crosses the air gap (E) containing the contact arm which is attracted quickly.
  • the derivative circuit establishes a frank operating threshold of the electromagnetic limiting device and this threshold, defined by the section of the derivative circuit, is chosen to be substantially equal to the threshold of the electromagnetic trip, or instantaneous trip of the circuit breaker, which causes the definitive opening of the contacts to following the rapid separation generated by the electromagnetic device.
  • the circuit breaker is advantageously a multipolar circuit breaker with molded case having a toggle operating mechanism and an automatic thermal and electromagnetic trip device ensuring the opening of the contacts when a fault or short-circuit current appears.
  • the electromagnetic quick opening device becomes active when a short-circuit current appears to move the movable contact to an intermediate opening position (I), and the operating mechanism controlled by the electromagnetic trip device then takes the relay to drive the contact arm from the intermediate position (I) to the definitive opening position (O).
  • a multipolar circuit breaker with molded housing 12 having a bottom 14 and a cover 16 comprises a tripping device 15 and a toggle control mechanism 17 common to the different poles.
  • a fixed contact 18 connected to a range input 20 by a conductor 21 and a movable contact 22. carried by a contact arm 28 connected to an output pad 24 by a braid 26 and a connection strip 27.
  • a breaking chamber 34 with deionization plates 36 is associated with the contacts 18, 22, and a horn 38. connected to the conductor 21, guides the arc drawn between the contacts 18, 22 during their separation towards the breaking chamber 34.
  • the contact arm 28 is rotatably mounted in its middle 50 on an axis 48, carried by a support 30 in the form of U.
  • the ends of the axis 48 are fitted in blind holes 52 of the wings 54 of the support of U 30 (fig. 4).
  • a rotary bar 32 secures the supports 30 of the different poles and the toggle mechanism 17 communicates to the support 30 and bar 32 assembly a rotational movement around the axis of the bar 32 to open or close the contacts 18, 22.
  • the toggle control mechanism 17 is controlled by the tripping device 15 for automatic opening on fault current, or by a lever 40 passing through an opening 42 formed in the cover 16.
  • a molded case circuit breaker is well known to specialists.
  • an electromagnetic member 44 for accelerating the movable contact 22 to the open position comprises, by pole, a U-shaped ferromagnetic stirrup 46 (FIGS. 3 and 4).
  • the core 56 of the U-shaped bracket 46 is fixed and centered by lugs 58, 60 at the bottom 14 of the housing 12 and the two wings 62, 64 of the U-shaped bracket 46 extend in the opening direction of the contact 22 in planes parallel to the deflection plane of the contact arm 28, framing a section of length L of the contact arm 28, located between the axis 48 and the braid 26.
  • Each wing 62, 64 extends in the direction opening of contact 22 by an extension 66, 68 of length I less than L, the ends 70, 72 of which are folded at right angles to face each other and define an air gap of thickness less than the spacing or air gap (E) of the wings 62, 64.
  • the air gap (e) can be zero.
  • the contact arm 28 In the closed position of the contacts 18, 22, the contact arm 28 extends substantially at the ends of the wings 62, 64 of the stirrup 46 and it is easy to see that the current (I), flowing at an instant given the contact arm 28, generates in the magnetic circuit formed by the stirrup 46, which surrounds the contact arm 28, a magnetic flux which is divided into two branches (fig. 3).
  • the branch crossed by the flux ( ⁇ 2 ) comprises the main magnetic circuit in U 56. 62, 64, and the air gap (E), and the branch crossed by the flux ( ⁇ 1 ) comprises the extensions 66. 68 and l 'air gap (e) forming a circuit derived from magnetic shunt of the main circuit.
  • the section of the extensions 66, 68 is notably smaller than that of the main magnetic circuit 56, 62, 64. and this section is chosen to obtain saturation for a value of the current (1) in the contact arm 28 exceeding a predetermined threshold (S u ), corresponding to the threshold of the magnetic trip device of the trip device - mount 15.
  • S u a predetermined threshold
  • the flow ( ⁇ 2 ) borrows the branch to be gap (E) by exerting on the contact arm 28 an electromagnetic force from Laplace which attracts the contact arm 28 towards the bottom of the U-shaped stirrup 46 in the open position of the contacts 18, 22.
  • a compression spring 74 is interposed between the core 56 and the contact arm 28 for urging the latter towards the closed position of the contacts 18, 22, the ends 70, 72 serving as a stop for limiting pivoting in this direction.
  • the electromagnetic member 44 is active and causes rapid separation of the contacts 18, 22, favoring the increase in the arc voltage and the limitation of the short-circuit current.
  • the contact arm 28 is in the intermediate separation position (I) (fig. 2, thin lines), and the control mechanism 17, actuated by the electromagnetic trip device after exceeding the threshold ( S M ) takes over to move the support 30 and the contact arm 28 to the stable position (O) of permanent opening (strong lines, fig. 2), thus preventing any reclosing of the contacts 18, 22.
  • the electromagnetic member 44 for accelerating the contact arm 28 maintains an electrodynamic resistance of the contacts 18, 22 up to the overcurrent threshold (S M ), and the rapid and frank opening of the contacts after exceeding said threshold .
  • the contact arm 22 is made of a conductive material, preferably non-magnetic. If a ferromagnetic material is used, the value of the air gap (E) is modified.
  • the magnetic U-shaped circuit can of course have a different configuration and be arranged differently, for example above the contact arm 28 between the axis 48 and the contact 22.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
EP79400135A 1978-03-31 1979-03-05 Disjoncteur à dispositif électromagnétique d'ouverture rapide du contact mobile Expired EP0004801B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7809833A FR2421458A1 (fr) 1978-03-31 1978-03-31 Disjoncteur multipolaire a dispositif electromagnetique d'ouverture rapide du contact mobile
FR7809833 1978-03-31

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0004801A2 EP0004801A2 (fr) 1979-10-17
EP0004801A3 EP0004801A3 (en) 1979-10-31
EP0004801B1 true EP0004801B1 (fr) 1982-02-03

Family

ID=9206613

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP79400135A Expired EP0004801B1 (fr) 1978-03-31 1979-03-05 Disjoncteur à dispositif électromagnétique d'ouverture rapide du contact mobile

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4219790A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP0004801B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS54161074A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA1101025A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2962017D1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2421458A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2547122B1 (fr) * 1983-06-03 1985-07-05 Merlin Gerin Declencheur electronique selectif associe a un disjoncteur limiteur
US4594567A (en) * 1984-09-28 1986-06-10 Siemens-Allis, Inc. Circuit breaker contact arm assembly having a magnetic carrier
DE3708807A1 (de) * 1987-03-18 1988-10-06 Licentia Gmbh Elektrischer leistungsschalter mit einem elektro-dynamisch oeffnenden kontaktsystem
JPS63308820A (ja) * 1987-06-10 1988-12-16 Fuji Electric Co Ltd 回路遮断器の接触子装置
US4835501A (en) * 1987-09-11 1989-05-30 Cooper Industries, Inc. Current limiting assembly for circuit breakers
FR2788164B1 (fr) * 1998-12-30 2001-02-16 Schneider Electric Ind Sa Appareillage electrique de coupure dont un organe de contact est muni d'une fente

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE827821C (de) * 1950-01-21 1952-01-14 Voigt & Haeffner Ag Unverzoegerter magnetischer UEberstromausloeser
US3263042A (en) * 1963-02-18 1966-07-26 Westinghouse Electric Corp Electric control device with electromagnetic contact-biasing means
FR2185853B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1972-05-26 1977-12-30 Merlin Gerin
US3815059A (en) * 1972-12-01 1974-06-04 Westinghouse Electric Corp Circuit interrupter comprising electromagnetic opening means
DE2348613C2 (de) * 1973-09-27 1975-11-06 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen Selbstschalter, insbesondere Schutzschalter
US4056798A (en) * 1975-09-23 1977-11-01 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Current limiting circuit breaker
US4132968A (en) * 1977-09-06 1979-01-02 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Current limiting circuit breaker with improved magnetic drive device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1101025A (en) 1981-05-12
DE2962017D1 (en) 1982-03-11
EP0004801A2 (fr) 1979-10-17
JPS54161074A (en) 1979-12-20
FR2421458B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1980-09-05
EP0004801A3 (en) 1979-10-31
FR2421458A1 (fr) 1979-10-26
US4219790A (en) 1980-08-26
JPS6142371B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1986-09-20

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