EP0004482B1 - Einrichtung zum Schutz der Beschaufelung einer Dampfturbine - Google Patents
Einrichtung zum Schutz der Beschaufelung einer Dampfturbine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0004482B1 EP0004482B1 EP19790400033 EP79400033A EP0004482B1 EP 0004482 B1 EP0004482 B1 EP 0004482B1 EP 19790400033 EP19790400033 EP 19790400033 EP 79400033 A EP79400033 A EP 79400033A EP 0004482 B1 EP0004482 B1 EP 0004482B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- turbine
- pressure
- balance
- tapping
- flow
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims 7
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000287107 Passer Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000135 prohibitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017105 transposition Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D21/00—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for
- F01D21/14—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for responsive to other specific conditions
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
- F01D17/02—Arrangement of sensing elements
- F01D17/08—Arrangement of sensing elements responsive to condition of working-fluid, e.g. pressure
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device for protecting the movable blades of steam turbines.
- the moving blades of the steam turbines are subjected to various stresses coming from the centrifugal force due to the rotation of the rotor, from the driving force of the steam deflected by the blades, and from variations in the thrust of the steam on these blades. These stresses create a state of stress in the material constituting the fins which must be limited taking into account the mechanical characteristics of this material in its conditions of use.
- the maximum performance of a blading is a function of the vapor flow rate passing through the corresponding stage and the enthalpy drop in this stage, that is to say the energy recoverable therein.
- the simplest protection device usually used includes a pressure (or vacuum) switch installed at the exhaust, with one or more low thresholds, which then warns operators, in the event of a prohibitive drop in pressure or vacuum at '' by triggering alarms and possibly safety devices.
- a pressure (or vacuum) switch installed at the exhaust, with one or more low thresholds, which then warns operators, in the event of a prohibitive drop in pressure or vacuum at '' by triggering alarms and possibly safety devices.
- a pressure (or vacuum) switch installed at the exhaust, with one or more low thresholds, which then warns operators, in the event of a prohibitive drop in pressure or vacuum at '' by triggering alarms and possibly safety devices.
- the low threshold defined above is fixed whatever the steam flow rate, and is therefore not suitable for the operation of the machine.
- a little more sophisticated protection devices are also known, such as for example that described in the publication DD-A-97919, produced using a differential pressure comparator placed between the exhaust and one of the intermediate stages. of the turbine. Such devices provide protection necessarily defined by a straight line with a slope equal to 1, which again does not correspond in any way to the actual operation of the machine.
- Publication DE-C-938425 for example describes a device making it possible to provide an indication relating to the fouling of a steam turbine, and capable of acting on the regulation of the machine by limiting the steam flow in the event of fouling.
- Such a device operates by means of pressure taps carried out on various stages of the machine and directed, by means of bellows devices transforming each pressure into a force, on torque balance scales.
- the invention relates to a protection device which makes it possible to adapt the intervention threshold to the running of the machine, thereby creating a much greater operating flexibility.
- fig. 2 shows an identical diagram, but relating to the high power steps of the machine, the vertical line to the right of the curve corresponding to the maximum steam flow rate which can pass through the turbine.
- Fig. 3 finally is another diagram of the same type, but relating to a turbine which can operate both for low flow rates and for high flow rates.
- the portion located on the left corresponds to the protection of the first blades, and the portion located on the right to protect the last blades of the turbine.
- Curve 5 represents the simple protection produced by the fixed threshold devices of the prior art
- curve 6 the level of protection produced by the present invention: the area 7 delimited by the straight lines 5 and 6 therefore corresponds to the gain in possibility of safe operation obtained thanks to the invention.
- a conventional counter-pressure turbine is recognized, provided, inter alia, with a steam inlet 8, an adjustment valve 9, injection sectors 10, distributors 11, a rotor 12 packed wheels 13 provided with blades 14.
- the references 15 and 16 designate the rear and front bearings respectively, provided with their bearings 17 and 18. There are also the stop 19 and the exhaust flange 20.
- the reference 21 also designates the instrumentation organs used for the speed regulation of the machine, the reference 22 a safety device, and the reference 33 the coupling to the driven machine, such as an alternator for example.
- the turbine is further provided with an exhaust pressure tap 23 and a pressure tap on the first stage 24.
- the invention is in fact based on the fact that the pressure at the stage is substantially proportional to the vapor flow rate which passes through this stage. From the outlet 23, the exhaust pressure P E is therefore obtained and from the outlet 24 a pressure is obtained which is practically proportional to the flow rate, which will be designated by D.
- the pressure outputs P E and D of FIG. 5 are sent, via bellows 25 and 26 of effective sections Si and S 2 , or by any other device making it possible to transform said pressures into forces; such as diaphragms, pistons, Bourdon tubes, spirals, etc ...., on the lever 27 of a balance with equilibrium of torques 28, articulated around an axis 34, at points dis tants of this axis of quantities A 1 and A 2 .
- the straight line 6 representing the protection to be achieved.
- the torque transmitted to the lever 27 by the pressures P E and D is equal to:
- a reference spring 29 makes it possible to exert on the lever 27 an additional torque.
- the cross sections S 1 and S 2 of the bellows 25 and 26, and the lever arms A 1 and A 2 are chosen so that the ratio: is equal to the slope of the straight line 6 of fig. 7 representing the protection for which the system is designed, after transposition into the coordinate system P E and D with the corresponding units.
- Fig. 8 shows such a double sensor element, such as that which can be installed on the back pressure turbine of FIG. 5, the left part of the figure carrying out the protection of the last stage, and the right part thereof protecting the first stage thereof.
- the invention finds its main use in the field of energy production by steam turbines.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Turbines (AREA)
Claims (5)
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die genannte erste und zweite Vorrichtung (jeweils 25 und 26) solche Übertragungskoeffizienten (jeweils S, und Sz) aufweisen und dass die genannten Kräfte auf die genannte Waage jeweils an Stellen angewandt werden, die die jeweiligen Hebelarme (A1) und (A2) bestimmen, und in solchen Richtungen, dass die Neigung
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR7807732A FR2420028A1 (fr) | 1978-03-17 | 1978-03-17 | Dispositif de protection des aubages d'une turbine a vapeur |
FR7807732 | 1978-03-17 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0004482A2 EP0004482A2 (de) | 1979-10-03 |
EP0004482A3 EP0004482A3 (en) | 1979-10-17 |
EP0004482B1 true EP0004482B1 (de) | 1981-06-03 |
Family
ID=9205924
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19790400033 Expired EP0004482B1 (de) | 1978-03-17 | 1979-01-16 | Einrichtung zum Schutz der Beschaufelung einer Dampfturbine |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0004482B1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE2960387D1 (de) |
FR (1) | FR2420028A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1998013586A1 (de) * | 1996-09-26 | 1998-04-02 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Dampfturbine sowie verfahren zur vermeidung der nassdampfbildung in einer dampfturbine |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE726472C (de) * | 1940-10-11 | 1942-10-14 | Aeg | Schutzvorrichtung gegen Wasserschlaege in Dampfturbinen |
DE938425C (de) * | 1952-02-10 | 1956-02-02 | Licentia Gmbh | Dampfturbinen-Sicherung, die bei unzulaessigen, infolge Versalzung oder Verschmutzung der Turbine auftretenden AEnderungen der Stufendruecke die Dampfzufuhr zur Turbine beeinflusst |
DD97919A1 (de) * | 1972-06-07 | 1973-05-21 |
-
1978
- 1978-03-17 FR FR7807732A patent/FR2420028A1/fr active Granted
-
1979
- 1979-01-16 EP EP19790400033 patent/EP0004482B1/de not_active Expired
- 1979-01-16 DE DE7979400033T patent/DE2960387D1/de not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE2960387D1 (en) | 1981-09-10 |
FR2420028A1 (fr) | 1979-10-12 |
EP0004482A2 (de) | 1979-10-03 |
FR2420028B1 (de) | 1982-09-03 |
EP0004482A3 (en) | 1979-10-17 |
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