EP0003725A1 - Longitudinally ventilated double-glazed window with interior curtain - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Ventilated double glazed window with internal blind, which window has an exterior glazing (2) in the form of a single glass pane on its weather exposed outside forming a channel for outgoing air with interior glazing (3) arranged at a distance from the exterior glazing (2) to the room interior side and also in the form of a single glass pane while the sun blind is provided on the room interior side of the interior glazing (3), characterized in that the distance (a) between the exterior and interior glazing (2 respectively 3) is so reduced that a defined, largely laminar airflow (10) is created in the channel (4) for outgoing air, and that the sun blind (5) has horizontally extending profilations (6) on its surface facing the outside, which profilations (6) largely reflect steeply incident sun rays (7) to the outside, and that the sun blind (5) is provided with a light absorbing and strip-like selective layer between the profilations (6), which layer is so arranged that it is only impinged upon by sunrays (8) when the sun stands low and effects a considerable absorption of sun rays (8) and a heating of the sun blind (5).

Description

The invention relates to a device for the air conditioning of a closed room, which has on its outside the outside of a glazing designed as a single glass, which forms an exhaust air duct with an inner glazing arranged at a distance from it inside, also designed as a single glass, with a sun blind provided on the inside of the interior glazing is.

Such a device has become known from DE-OS 23 31 332. Here, either warm air from the room to be air-conditioned or air from an independent ventilation system should be introduced into the exhaust air duct via slot openings in such a way that a relatively thin film of air flows from the bottom upwards over the inner surface of the outer glazing, while the remaining air in the exhaust air duct flows through the Air film should be set in motion to flow past the outside of the inner glazing in a slightly turbulent flow. This is intended to achieve the highest possible heat-insulating effect. Through the use of reflective glasses for the outer and inner glazing or through the sun blinds, a blend should be achieved protection can be achieved.

In the embodiment explained above, the distance between the outer and inner glazing - as in the other known devices - is approximately 200 mm. Taking into account the usual boundary conditions, the amount of fresh air required for the windows generally results in approximately 50 to 100 m ^{3 of} air per hour and meter of window width. With these specified air volumes, no defined air flows are obtained in the relatively wide exhaust air duct. Rather, the air introduced into the exhaust air duct swirls in an uncontrolled manner. This is disadvantageous with regard to the condensation to be prevented under all circumstances on the inside of the outer glazing and with regard to the heat energy to be removed from the exhaust air duct in summer.

In the case of high solar radiation, in the known device explained above, a more or less large reflection of the solar radiation takes place on the surface of the sun blind facing the inner glazing, which in turn is absorbed to a greater or lesser extent by the inner glazing. As a result, the inner glazing heats up considerably and thus heats up the air between the inner glazing and sun blinds. As a result, the room to be air-conditioned maintains an excessively high room temperature despite the air flow in the exhaust air duct.

The invention is therefore based on the object of improving the device described above in such a way that condensation on the inside of the outer glazing is reliably prevented and the air conditioning of the room is improved.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that the distance between the outer and inner glazing is reduced so that a defined, largely laminar air flow is established in the exhaust air duct, and that the sun blind has profilings on its outer surface facing the outside of the weather for reflection of the occurring sun rays , between which the sun blind is provided with a selective coating, which is arranged so that it is only exposed to sun rays when the sun is low.

The optimal distance between the exterior and interior glazing is calculated taking into account the lowest exterior temperature to be expected in winter, the desired relative humidity in the interior, the desired interior temperature, the air volume provided, the heat emission from the interior to the exterior, the desired surface temperature Sun blinds in winter, the desired or required air volumes in the interior and taking into account the location and orientation of the room to be air-conditioned (climate of the country, orientation of the building facade, e.g. to the south or north: etc.).

As a guideline for the distance between the outer and inner glazing, there is a value of about 40 mm. As a result, a considerably smaller installation depth is achieved, which leads to corresponding cost savings.

Due to the width of the exhaust air duct, which is greatly reduced in accordance with the invention, one obtains, taking into account the predetermined ones Air quantities in the exhaust air duct a defined, largely laminar air flow (the turbulent limit flow at the walls of the exhaust air duct can be disregarded here). This laminar air flow greatly reduces the energy loss in the air in winter. In addition, a defined temperature profile is obtained from the outside of the weather to the inside of the outer glazing and, in conjunction with the increased flow rate, can thereby reliably prevent condensation on the inside of the outer glazing.

The reduction of the channel width from the previously usual 200 mm to a magnitude of, for example, 40 mm is only possible if, according to the invention, the sun blind is no longer arranged in the exhaust air channel, but on the inside of the interior glazing. This arrangement contradicts the hitherto unanimously accepted view of the professional world, according to which a sun blind must be arranged on the weather outside of the outer glazing or in the exhaust air duct itself, in order to prevent the interior to be air-conditioned, which is undesirable, particularly in summer. The deliberate departure from this previously held view of the specialist world leads to surprising advantages according to the invention. An obvious advantage results from the fact that the sun blind is not exposed to the weather and therefore retains its emission and transmission properties.

• Der Sonnenstoren kann so ausgebildet sein, daß ein möglichst großer Anteil der einfallenden Sonneneinstrahlung zur Raumaußenseite reflektiert wird. Diese Ausbildung ist dann zweckmäßig, wenn eine Aufheizung des zu klimatisierenden Raumes verhindert werden soll.

In the context of the invention, the new air conditioning device can be advantageously adapted to the various needs:

• The sun blind can be designed so that the largest possible proportion of the incident solar radiation is reflected to the outside of the room. This training is useful if heating of the room to be air-conditioned is to be prevented.

The sun blind can also be designed so that the solar radiation reflected by it is absorbed as much as possible in the glazing, and that the exhaust air duct is followed by a refrigerator, for which the exhaust air serves as the working medium. In this arrangement, the solar radiation reflected by the sun blinds leads to heating of the glazing and thus to a strong heating of the exhaust air conducted between the glazing. This warm exhaust air can serve as a working medium for a chiller, which in turn is used as a cooling unit.

The sun blind can also be designed so that the incident solar radiation is largely absorbed in the sun blind and the portion of the sun radiation reflected by the sun blind largely in the glazing, and that the exhaust air duct is followed by a heat exchanger for heating a separate air stream. Here, the sun blind is heated up strongly and thus serves to heat the interior. At the same time, however, the glazing and, as a result, the exhaust air conducted between it are heated. The warm exhaust air can then be passed through a heat exchanger in order to heat another air flow, which is then supplied to rooms that are not, for example, in the area of solar radiation.

At night, the air in the room to be air-conditioned can be closed in a closed circuit, for example under Um circulation of the above-mentioned heat exchanger or a refrigeration machine, circulate so that heat is given off to the outside of the weather in the exhaust air duct. It may be advisable to increase the distance between the inner glazing and the outer glazing in order to reduce the air flow speed and thereby increase the heat emission to the outside of the weather. Adjusting the distance between the inner glazing and the outer glazing could also depend on the heating of the interior to be air-conditioned as a result of the lighting being switched on.

According to the invention, transparent, that is, no colored glasses are used for the glazing. This is intended to minimize the use of artificial light sources.

The sun blind must be designed in such a way that a certain amount of visible radiation is always let through to illuminate the interior to be air-conditioned. however, it is essential that this illumination does not occur through direct light, but only through diffuse light.

The surface profiles of the sun blind can in principle correspond to the curved lamellae, which are shown and described in IDE-OS 25 22 154. The cross-sectional contour of these lamellae corresponds to a curve or a circular arc, which are designed in such a way that all reflected rays strike the respectively adjacent lamella. As a result, not only is the directly incident sun energy absorbed, but also the solar energy reflected on the individual slats is also absorbed. This results in an increased heating of the sun blinds, for example in winter or in cold weather Areas may be desired.

The arrangement of the lamellae explained above can take place in such a way that, in the case of steeper rays of the sun (position of the sun in summer), the rays of the sun largely reflect towards the outside of the weather, but if the rays of the sun fall more flat (position of the sun in winter), the above-described extensive absorption takes place.

The desired effects can be further enhanced, for example, by mirroring the respective surfaces of the glazing.

The application of the invention is not limited to air-conditioned rooms, but can also be carried out analogously for ventilated rooms.

• Figur 1 einen senkrecht zur Verglasung geführten Vertikalschnitt und
• Figur 2 in verkleinertem Maßstab einen Schnitt gemäß Figur 1 durch eine abgewandelte Ausführungsform.

In the drawing, two exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown schematically. Show it:

• 1 shows a vertical section perpendicular to the glazing and
• Figure 2 shows a section on a smaller scale according to Figure 1 through a modified embodiment.

A room 1 to be ventilated or to be air-conditioned has, on its outside weather, an outer glazing 2 designed as single glazing, which forms an exhaust air duct 4 with an inner glazing 3 arranged at a distance from it inside the room and also designed as single glazing. The distance between the outer and inner glazing, which determines the width of this exhaust air duct, is designated by a.

• Bei hohem Sonnenstand treffen die entsprechend steil einfallenden Sonnenstrahlen 7 nach Durchtritt durch die Außen- und Innenverglasung auf die Profilierungen 6 auf, werden hier zum größten Teil reflektiert und zwar auf die benachbarte Profilierung und von dort wiederum reflektiert in Richtung auf die Innenverglasung 3. Der überwiegende Anteil der steil einfallenden Sonnenstrahlen 7 wird somit wieder zur Wetteraußenseite reflektiert. Durch den lotrechten Abstand der Profilierungen 6 voneinander sowie durch die Höhe jeder einzelnen Profilierung ist ausgeschlossen, daß steil einfallende Sonnenstrahlen 7 unmittelbar oder mittelbar auf den selektiv beschichteten strahlenförmigen Bereich 9 des Sonnenstoren 5 auftreffen.

A sun blind 5 is arranged on the inside of the inner glazing 3, which has profiles 6 on its surface facing the outside of the weather, which are approximately triangular in cross-section and serve to reflect incident sun rays 7, 8. These profiles 6 run horizontally and are arranged at a vertical distance from one another. The strip-shaped area 9 of the sun blind 5 thus formed between two profiles 6 in each case is provided on its outside with a selective coating which gives this strip-shaped area 9 increased absorption and reduced reflection properties. This design of the sun blind has the following effect:

• When the sun is high, the correspondingly steeply incident sun rays 7 hit after passing through the outer and inner ver Glazing on the profiles 6 are largely reflected here, namely on the neighboring profiles and from there in turn reflected in the direction of the inner glazing 3. The majority of the steeply incident sun rays 7 are thus reflected back to the outside of the weather. The vertical spacing of the profiles 6 from one another and the height of each individual profile rule out the possibility that steeply incident sun rays 7 strike the selectively coated radiating region 9 of the sun blind 5 directly or indirectly.

On the other hand, the sun rays 8 which fall in a correspondingly flat manner at a low position of the sun can impinge directly on the strip-shaped region 9, or else are reflected by the profiles 6 on this strip-shaped region 9. Due to the selective coating provided here, the strip-shaped areas 9 thus have a correspondingly increased absorption and thus a heating of the blind, which can be used to heat the room 1.

The distance a between the outer glazing 2 and the inner glazing 3 is dimensioned such that a defined, largely laminar air flow 10 is established in the exhaust air duct 4.

The exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is rotated by 180 ° in relation to the illustration in FIG. 1, so that in FIG. 2 the weather outside is on the left. Here, the exhaust air duct 4 is followed by a heat exchanger 11, in which a separate air stream 12 is heated. This separate air flow 12 can be used, for example, to heat other rooms that are not in the area of solar radiation.

Claims (5)

Device for the air conditioning of a closed room, which has on its outside the outside of a glazing designed as a single glass, which forms an exhaust air duct with an internal glazing arranged at a distance from it inside, also designed as a single glass, whereby a sun blind is provided on the inside of the interior glazing, characterized in that that the distance (a) between the outer and inner glazing is reduced so that a defined, largely laminar air flow (10) is established in the exhaust air duct (4), and that the sun blind (5) on its outer surface facing the weather outside for reflection of the occurring sun rays (7) has profiles (6), between which the sun blind is provided with a selective coating, which is arranged so that it is only exposed to sun rays (8) when the sun is low. Device according to claim 1, characterized by such a design of the sun blind (5) that the largest possible proportion of the incident solar radiation (7) is reflected to the outside of the room. Device according to claim 1, characterized by such a configuration of the sun blind (5) that the solar radiation (7) reflected by it is absorbed as much as possible in the glazing (2, 3), and that the exhaust air duct (4) has a refrigeration machine is connected downstream, for which the exhaust air serves as the working medium. Device according to claim 1, characterized by such a configuration of the sun blind (5) that the incident solar radiation (8) is largely absorbed in the sun blind and the portion of the sun radiation (7) reflected by the sun blind largely in the glazing (2, 3), and that the exhaust air duct (4) is followed by a heat exchanger (11) for heating a separate air stream (1'2). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distance (a) of the inner glazing (3) from the outer glazing (2) is adjustable.

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