EP0003204B1 - Steam generator with integrated reheater fed with liquid metal - Google Patents

Steam generator with integrated reheater fed with liquid metal Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0003204B1
EP0003204B1 EP79400029A EP79400029A EP0003204B1 EP 0003204 B1 EP0003204 B1 EP 0003204B1 EP 79400029 A EP79400029 A EP 79400029A EP 79400029 A EP79400029 A EP 79400029A EP 0003204 B1 EP0003204 B1 EP 0003204B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
casing
liquid metal
annular space
series
apertures
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP79400029A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0003204A1 (en
Inventor
Louis De Nucheze
Marcel Robin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
Original Assignee
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA filed Critical Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Publication of EP0003204A1 publication Critical patent/EP0003204A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0003204B1 publication Critical patent/EP0003204B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/06—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being molten; Use of molten metal, e.g. zinc, as heat transfer medium
    • F22B1/063—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being molten; Use of molten metal, e.g. zinc, as heat transfer medium for metal cooled nuclear reactors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a steam generator with integrated reheater, supplied with a liquid metal, in particular liquid sodium.
  • the present invention relates to a heat exchanger between a liquid metal and water to be heated and vaporized which comprises, inside its external enclosure, a region serving for the reheating of the steam after the expansion of this in high pressure turbines and for the reinjection of this reheated steam in medium pressure turbines.
  • the present invention relates to the exchanger between secondary sodium and water.
  • the steam expanded in the high pressure turbine must be reheated before being introduced at the inlet of the medium pressure turbine.
  • this reheating can be envisaged in two different ways, either by using a reheating of said vapor expanded by live steam, or that we re-heat the steam with hot sodium.
  • the invention relates to this second type of reheating.
  • Figure 1 illustrates the circulation of water and its vapor as well as the circulation of sodium.
  • the cold water first enters an evaporator E, then into a superheater S, at the outlet of which the superheated steam is introduced into the high pressure turbine T ,.
  • the partially cooled and expanded steam is reinjected into the reheater R.
  • the steam After passing through the reheater, the steam enters the medium pressure turbine T 2 , then into the low pressure turbines.
  • sodium circuit it is as follows: the hot sodium coming from the reactor enters in parallel in the superheater R and the superheater S, then it enters the evaporator E and it is finally recycled in the reactor.
  • the invention relates more specifically to a steam generator which internally comprises a reheater supplied with sodium, this reheater being integrated in the envelope of the steam generator.
  • the present invention specifically relates to an integrated reheating steam generator supplied with sodium which overcomes the above drawbacks by comprising only one sodium supply circuit and a common water circuit for the evaporator and the superheater.
  • the generator, object of the invention allows emptying of the water-vapor circulation tubes by simple gravity due to the presence of accessible low points in the exchange tubes. We know that this condition is imposed by many users of nuclear power plants.
  • the invention relates to a steam generator with reheater supplied by a liquid metal comprising a cylindrical envelope inside which is a bundle of straight tubes fixed at each of their ends in a tube plate associated respectively with a lower manifold for introducing water and an upper manifold for leaving the vapor, the upper part of these tubes constituting the overheating zone, a liquid metal outlet nozzle formed at the lower part of said envelope, a ferrule surrounding the upper part of said envelope and delimiting between itself and said envelope an annular space (reheating zone), said ferrule comprising a nozzle for introducing said liquid metal into said exchanger, said annular space communicating with the interior of said envelope by a first series of windows in said envelope at the top of said annular space, characterized in that the liquid metal introduction nozzle is located at the top of said shell, a second series of windows being formed in said envelope at the bottom of said annular space, said annular space containing a plurality of helical tubes which constitute the integrated reheater, these tubes being connected to a lower
  • the generator has only one inlet manifold for the liquid metal and that the distribution of the liquid metal is regulated between the external reheating zone and the internal superheating zone in such a way that, taking into account the heat exchanges in these two zones, the liquid metal at the outlet of these two zones has substantially the same temperature.
  • the generator comprises inside said annular space a horizontal plate pierced with orifices, said plate being disposed on the one hand below the liquid metal inlet nozzle and the first series of windows and, on the other hand, above the reheated steam outlet tubes.
  • the flow adjustment means consist of a circular gate valve constituted by a ferrule pivotally mounted around said casing and provided with as many orifices as there are windows of the first series, said orifices and said windows. having the same dimensions and being able to coincide for an angular position of said ferrule, and in sealing means between said ferrule and said envelope arranged around each window of the first series.
  • the steam generator object of the invention, comprises a casing 2 of vertical cylindrical shape defining an internal passage and comprising at each of its ends a tube plate respectively upper 4 and lower 6.
  • This cylindrical enclosure 2 is completed beyond tube plates by water boxes 8 and 10.
  • the lower water box 10 is used for the introduction by the nozzle 10 'of the water to be heated and to transform into steam, the water box 8 serving for the outlet via the 8 'nozzle of the superheated steam.
  • These water boxes are fitted with 8 "and 10" inspection holes closed by lids.
  • straight exchange tubes such as 12, which are fixed at their two ends in the tube plates 4 and 6. These tubes are used for the circulation of water and steam.
  • the tubes are provided with expansion lyres 12a which make it possible to absorb thermal expansions without imposing unacceptable stresses on the tubes.
  • the straight tubes 12 define a lower zone which corresponds to the evaporator E of the steam generator and an upper zone which corresponds to the superheaters.
  • the casing 2 In its upper part, which corresponds precisely to the overheating zone, the casing 2 is surrounded by a cylindrical ferrule 14 which provides between itself and the casing 2 an annular zone 16.
  • the ferrule 14 is connected by domed bottoms 18 and 20 to the envelope 2.
  • Windows, such as 22, provide communication at its lower part between the annular space 16 and the interior of the envelope 2.
  • windows 24 ensure communication between the inside the envelope 2 and the annular region 16 at the upper part thereof.
  • the windows 22 have a large passage section to, on the one hand, reduce the speed of sodium and, on the other hand, facilitate the release of the products during an accidental sodium-water reaction towards a safety membrane. .
  • the ferrule 14 is provided at its upper part with at least one nozzle 26 for supplying hot sodium.
  • the annular space 16 includes a horizontal sodium distribution plate 28 whose function will be explained later.
  • serpentine tubes 30 which constitute the reheater R of the steam generator. These serpentine tubes are connected to reheating steam collectors 32 and to collectors 34 of reheated steam. These collectors are provided with inspection holes 32 'and 34' closed by lids.
  • the envelope 2 is surrounded by a second ferrule 36 constituting the sodium outlet. This second ferrule surrounds on a fraction of its height the enclosure 2 and it is provided with a sodium outlet nozzle 38.
  • FIG. 3 shows the annular passage 16 and, more precisely, the upper part 16a of this annular passage disposed above the distribution plate 28.
  • the distribution of hot sodium between the reheating zone constituted by the annular space 16 and the overheating zone constituted by the space limited by the casing 2 is provided, on the one hand, by the distribution plate 28 which creates the required pressure drop and distributes the sodium suitably in the reheater bundle and, on the other hand, by a cylindrical gate valve rotating around the casing 2 bearing the general reference 50 which can more or less close the windows 24 formed in the enclosure 2.
  • This cylindrical gate valve 50 is constituted by a cylindrical ferrule 52a pierced with openings 52b which, for a particular position of the ferrule, coincides with the windows 24.
  • the ferrule 52a is supported in rotation by means of rollers such as 54, fixed on the crown 56 integral with the 'envelope 2. It is also guided in rotation by rollers 58 with vertical axes fixed on the envelope 2.
  • this ferrule is provided, at its upper part, with a crown 52c provided with pins 59 which can cooperate with a control mechanism 60 for rotating the ferrule 52a.
  • the rotation can be controlled by other known means.
  • the crown 52c can be provided with a circular rack which meshes with a control pinion fixed to the lower end of the mechanism 60.
  • Each window 24 has a seal 61 which provides a semi-seal between the casing 2 and the solid part of the shell 52a. It is understood that by acting on the mechanism 60, the ferrule 52a is rotated around the vertical axis of the steam generator, which makes it possible to adapt the section for the passage of sodium towards the interior of the envelope 2 by adjustment of the common part between windows 24 and 52b.
  • the role of the distribution plate 28 is to create a very significant pressure drop for the sodium necessary for reheating and which passes from space 16a to annular space 16 containing the reheater bundle. Thus, a large fraction of the sodium flow occurs in front of the openings 52b of the valve 50.
  • the passage of sodium in the casing 2 is adjusted by the valve 50 so that at the level of the openings 22, the sodium of the superheater and the sodium of the superheater are at substantially the same temperature, before this sodium enters the evaporator zone E.
  • This arrangement makes it possible to minimize the heat exchange surfaces. In addition, it avoids having to mix the sodium flows at different temperatures, which is always difficult to achieve, because of the thermal stresses which arise in the mixer.
  • temperature sensors 62 and 63 are arranged respectively at the outlet of the superheater and of the superheater. They allow these temperatures to be measured continuously and the difference to be calculated.
  • the opening of the valve 50 is adjusted so that the sodium flow rates in the superheater and the reheater ensure the desired equality of temperatures. It goes without saying that the mechanism 60 could be controlled using an electric motor powered by a current representative of the difference in temperatures. A conventional type servo-mechanism could be used which permanently ensures equal temperatures.
  • a second cylindrical ferrule 70 which doubles the envelope 2 in this region.
  • This second ferrule allows the spacers of the coils 30 of the reheater to be fixed, which allows construction in a single piece of the reheater and its subsequent mounting as it is.
  • this double wall avoids a flow significant heat between the two parallel sodium flows thus facilitating the adjustment of the flow rates as a function of the outlet temperatures of these two flows.
  • the enclosure 2 is provided with grids 71 for holding the tubes 12 in the enclosure 2 and that the exchanger can advantageously include heat shields to protect the tube plates.
  • the enclosure 36 can be provided with a safety membrane 72 in the event of accidental overpressure.
  • outlet nozzle 38 can be arranged directly in the casing 2 immediately above the tube plate 6.
  • ferrule 36 is of course eliminated. This makes it possible to increase the useful length of the exchange tubes 12.
  • Another advantage of the invention lies in the way in which the superheater, the superheater and the evaporator are arranged.
  • this makes it possible to supply the superheater and the superheater using a single sodium inlet pipe, therefore at the maximum outlet temperature of the reactor, hence obtaining the best thermodynamic efficiency, on the other hand, the sodium flows leaving the reheater and the superheater open directly at the inlet of the evaporator without interposing pipes.
  • This arrangement is very economical and very safe. In addition, it only requires the use of an adjustment valve requiring sealing of its control rod only through the bottom 20.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Structure Of Emergency Protection For Nuclear Reactors (AREA)

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un générateur de vapeur à resurchauffeur intégré, alimenté par un métal liquide, notamment du sodium liquide.The present invention relates to a steam generator with integrated reheater, supplied with a liquid metal, in particular liquid sodium.

De façon plus précise, la présente invention concerne un échangeur de chaleur entre un métal liquide et de l'eau à réchauffer et à vaporiser qui comprend à l'intérieur de son enceinte extérieure une région servant à la resurchauffe de la vapeur après la détente de celle-ci dans des turbines à haute pression et en vue de la réinjection de cette vapeur resurchauffée dans les turbines moyenne pression.More specifically, the present invention relates to a heat exchanger between a liquid metal and water to be heated and vaporized which comprises, inside its external enclosure, a region serving for the reheating of the steam after the expansion of this in high pressure turbines and for the reinjection of this reheated steam in medium pressure turbines.

On sait que dans les réacteurs nucléaires à neutrons rapides refroidis par un métal liquide et en particulier, par du sodium ou un alliage de sodium et de potassium, on trouve un premier circuit de sodium, dit primaire, un deuxième circuit de sodium, dit secondaire qui échange de la chaleur d'une part avec le circuit primaire de sodium et, d'autre part, avec un circuit d'eau qui alimente les turbines pour la production d'énergie électrique. La présente invention concerne l'échangeur entre le sodium secondaire et l'eau.We know that in fast neutron nuclear reactors cooled by a liquid metal and in particular by sodium or a sodium and potassium alloy, there is a first sodium circuit, called primary, a second sodium circuit, said secondary which exchanges heat on the one hand with the primary sodium circuit and, on the other hand, with a water circuit which supplies the turbines for the production of electrical energy. The present invention relates to the exchanger between secondary sodium and water.

D'une façon générale, dans une installation de production d'énergie électrique, la vapeur détendue dans la turbine à haute pression doit être resurchauffée avant d'être introduite à l'entrée de la turbine moyenne pression. Dans le cas de la production d'énergie électrique à partir d'un réacteur refroidi par du sodium liquide, cette resurchauffe peut être envisagée de deux façons différentes, soit qu'on utilise une resurchauffe de ladite vapeur détendue par de la vapeur vive, soit qu'on utilise une resurchauffe de la vapeur par le sodium chaud. L'invention concerne ce deuxième type de resurchauffe.In general, in an electrical energy production installation, the steam expanded in the high pressure turbine must be reheated before being introduced at the inlet of the medium pressure turbine. In the case of the production of electrical energy from a reactor cooled by liquid sodium, this reheating can be envisaged in two different ways, either by using a reheating of said vapor expanded by live steam, or that we re-heat the steam with hot sodium. The invention relates to this second type of reheating.

En se reportant à la figure 1 annexée, on comprendra mieux les différents circuits thermiques. La figure 1 illustre la circulation de l'eau et de sa vapeur ainsi que la circulation du sodium. L'eau froide entre tout d'abord dans un évaporateur E, puis dans un surchauffeur S, à la sortie duquel la vapeur surchauffée est introduite dans la turbine haute pression T,. A la sortie de la turbine T" la vapeur partiellement refroidie et détendue est ré- injectée dans le resurchauffeur R. Après son passage dans le resurchauffeur, la vapeur pénètre dans la turbine moyenne pression T2, puis dans les turbines basse pression. Quant au circuit de sodium, il est le suivant: le sodium chaud venant du réacteur entre en parallèle dans le resurchauffeur R et le surchauffeur S, puis il pénètre dans l'évaporateur E et il est enfin recyclé dans le réacteur.Referring to Figure 1 attached, we will better understand the different thermal circuits. Figure 1 illustrates the circulation of water and its vapor as well as the circulation of sodium. The cold water first enters an evaporator E, then into a superheater S, at the outlet of which the superheated steam is introduced into the high pressure turbine T ,. At the outlet of the turbine T ", the partially cooled and expanded steam is reinjected into the reheater R. After passing through the reheater, the steam enters the medium pressure turbine T 2 , then into the low pressure turbines. sodium circuit, it is as follows: the hot sodium coming from the reactor enters in parallel in the superheater R and the superheater S, then it enters the evaporator E and it is finally recycled in the reactor.

L'invention concerne plus spécialement un générateur de vapeur qui comporte intérieurement un resurchauffeur alimenté en sodium, ce resurchauffeur étant intégré dans l'enveloppe du générateur de vapeur.The invention relates more specifically to a steam generator which internally comprises a reheater supplied with sodium, this reheater being integrated in the envelope of the steam generator.

On connaît déjà, notamment du brevet français no 1392058, un générateur de vapeur à resurchauffeur alimenté en métal liquide. Cependant, ce générateur présente de nombreux inconvénients. Il y a en particulier que, dans cet échangeur, les serpentins de circulation de l'eau correspondant respectivement à l'évaporateur, au surchauffeur et au resurchauffeur, sont superposés dans l'enceinte, ce qui entraîne une complication sensible des moyens d'alimentation en eau (ou en vapeur) et en métal liquide. En particulier, pour le métal liquide, le générateur doit comporter un double distributeur avec des dispositifs de réglage interne et externe. En outre, ce générateur comporte une couverture de gaz inerte au-dessus du niveau de métal liquide avec tous les inconvénients inhérents à cette solution. Enfin, la superposition des différents faisceaux de serpentins et la présence de cette couverture de gaz inerte du générateur de vapeur entraînent une augmentation très sensible de la hauteur de ce générateur pour une puissance donnée. Il en résulte bien sûr une augmentation correspondante du coût de fabrication de ce générateur.Already known, in particular from French patent no. 1392058, a reheater steam generator supplied with liquid metal. However, this generator has many drawbacks. There is in particular that, in this exchanger, the water circulation coils corresponding respectively to the evaporator, to the superheater and to the superheater, are superimposed in the enclosure, which results in a significant complication of the supply means. in water (or vapor) and liquid metal. In particular, for liquid metal, the generator must include a double distributor with internal and external adjustment devices. In addition, this generator has an inert gas cover above the liquid metal level with all the drawbacks inherent in this solution. Finally, the superposition of the various bundles of coils and the presence of this blanket of inert gas from the steam generator cause a very significant increase in the height of this generator for a given power. This of course results in a corresponding increase in the manufacturing cost of this generator.

On connaît aussi du brevet français nO 2134067 un générateur de vapeur avec resurchauffeur (voir notamment page 3, lignes 13 à 20) à tubes droits dans lequel le metal liquide, tel que le sodium, est introduit à la partie supérieure de l'échangeur par des buses débouchant dans un espace annulaire défini entre l'enveloppe cylindrique de l'échangeur et une virole externe, cet espace annulaire communiquant avec l'intérieur de l'enveloppe par des fenêtres ménagées dans cette dernière. Cependant, la totalité du débit de métal liquide pénètre à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe, ce générateur de vapeur n'étant pas équipé de resurchauffeur à l'intérieur de l'espace annulaire défini entre la virole et l'enveloppe.Also known from French patent No. 2134067 is a steam generator with reheater (see in particular page 3, lines 13 to 20) with straight tubes in which the liquid metal, such as sodium, is introduced into the upper part of the exchanger by nozzles opening into an annular space defined between the cylindrical casing of the exchanger and an external ferrule, this annular space communicating with the interior of the casing through windows provided in the latter. However, the entire flow of liquid metal enters the interior of the envelope, this steam generator not being equipped with a reheater inside the annular space defined between the shell and the envelope.

La présente invention a précisément pour objet un générateur de vapeur à resurchauffer intégré alimenté en sodium qui pallie les inconvénients ci-dessus en ne comportant qu'un seul circuit d'alimentation en sodium et un circuit commun d'eau pour l'évaporateur et le surchauffeur. En outre, le générateur, objet de l'invention, autorise une vidange des tubes de circulation d'eau- vapeur par simple gravité du fait de la présence de points bas accessibles dans les tubes d'échange. On sait que cette condition est imposée par de nombreux utilisateurs de centrales nucléaires.The present invention specifically relates to an integrated reheating steam generator supplied with sodium which overcomes the above drawbacks by comprising only one sodium supply circuit and a common water circuit for the evaporator and the superheater. In addition, the generator, object of the invention, allows emptying of the water-vapor circulation tubes by simple gravity due to the presence of accessible low points in the exchange tubes. We know that this condition is imposed by many users of nuclear power plants.

Pour obtenir ces résultats, l'invention concerne un générateur de vapeur avec resurchauffeur alimenté par un métal liquide comprenant une enveloppe de forme cylindrique à l'intérieur de laquelle se trouve un faisceau de tubes droits fixés à chacune de leurs extrémités dans une plaque à tubes associée respectivement à un collecteur inférieur d'introduction de l'eau et à un collecteur supérieur de sortie de la vapeur, la partie supérieure de ces tubes constituant la zone de surchauffe, une buse de sortie du métal liquide ménagée à la partie inférieure de ladite enveloppe, une virole entourant la partie supérieure de ladite enveloppe et délimitant entre elle-même et ladite enveloppe un espace annulaire (zone de resurchauffe), ladite virole comportant une buse d'introduction dudit métal liquide dans ledit échangeur, ledit espace annulaire communiquant avec l'intérieur de ladite enveloppe par une première série de fenêtres ménagées dans ladite enveloppe à la partie supérieure dudit espace annulaire, caractérisé en ce que la buse d'introduction du métal liquide est située à la partie supérieure de ladite virole, une deuxième série de fenêtres étant ménagée dans ladite enveloppe à la partie inférieure dudit espace annulaire, ledit espace annulaire contenant une pluralité de tubes en hélice qui constituent le resurchauffeur intégré, ces tubes étant raccordés à un collecteur inférieur d'entrée de vapeur à resurchauffer et à un collecteur supérieur de sortie de vapeur resurchauffée, lesdites fenêtres de la première série étant munies de moyens de réglage de débit pour en faire varier l'ouverture et d'un mécanisme de commande desdits moyens de réglage pour régler la répartition du débit de métal liquide pénétrant à l'intérieur de ladite enveloppe par les fenêtres de la première série, et des capteurs thermométriques étant disposés dans ledit espace annulaire et dans ladite enveloppe immédiatement au-dessus de la deuxième série de fenêtres et associés à des moyens pour comparer les mesures faites par lesdits capteurs pour agir sur le mécanisme de commande.To obtain these results, the invention relates to a steam generator with reheater supplied by a liquid metal comprising a cylindrical envelope inside which is a bundle of straight tubes fixed at each of their ends in a tube plate associated respectively with a lower manifold for introducing water and an upper manifold for leaving the vapor, the upper part of these tubes constituting the overheating zone, a liquid metal outlet nozzle formed at the lower part of said envelope, a ferrule surrounding the upper part of said envelope and delimiting between itself and said envelope an annular space (reheating zone), said ferrule comprising a nozzle for introducing said liquid metal into said exchanger, said annular space communicating with the interior of said envelope by a first series of windows in said envelope at the top of said annular space, characterized in that the liquid metal introduction nozzle is located at the top of said shell, a second series of windows being formed in said envelope at the bottom of said annular space, said annular space containing a plurality of helical tubes which constitute the integrated reheater, these tubes being connected to a lower manifold for reheating steam inlet and to an upper reheating steam outlet manifold, said windows of the first series being provided with flow adjustment means to vary the opening and with a mechanism e for controlling said adjustment means for adjusting the distribution of the flow of liquid metal penetrating inside said envelope through the windows of the first series, and thermometric sensors being arranged in said annular space and in said envelope immediately above of the second series of windows and associated with means for comparing the measurements made by said sensors to act on the control mechanism.

On comprend qu'ainsi le générateur ne comporte qu'un seul collecteur d'entrée du métal liquide et qu'on règle la répartition du métal liquide entre la zone externe de resurchauffe et la zone interne de surchauffe de telle façon que, compte tenu des échanges thermiques dans ces deux zones, le métal liquide à la sortie de ces deux zones a sensiblement la même température.It will be understood that in this way the generator has only one inlet manifold for the liquid metal and that the distribution of the liquid metal is regulated between the external reheating zone and the internal superheating zone in such a way that, taking into account the heat exchanges in these two zones, the liquid metal at the outlet of these two zones has substantially the same temperature.

Selon une autre caractéristique, le générateur comprend à l'intérieur dudit espace annulaire une plaque horizontale percée d'orifices, ladite plaque étant disposée d'une part en-dessous de la buse d'entrée du métal liquide et de la première série de fenêtres et, d'autre part, au-dessus des tubes de sortie de vapeur resurchauffée.According to another characteristic, the generator comprises inside said annular space a horizontal plate pierced with orifices, said plate being disposed on the one hand below the liquid metal inlet nozzle and the first series of windows and, on the other hand, above the reheated steam outlet tubes.

De préférence les moyens de réglage du débit consistent en une vanne circulaire à opercule constituée par une virole montée pivotante autour de ladite enveloppe et munie d'autant d'orifices qu'il y a de fenêtres de la première série, lesdits orifices et lesdites fenêtres ayant les mêmes dimensions et étant aptes à coïncider pour une position angulaire de ladite virole, et en des moyens d'étanchéité entre ladite virole et ladite enveloppe disposés autour de chaque fenêtre de la première série.Preferably, the flow adjustment means consist of a circular gate valve constituted by a ferrule pivotally mounted around said casing and provided with as many orifices as there are windows of the first series, said orifices and said windows. having the same dimensions and being able to coincide for an angular position of said ferrule, and in sealing means between said ferrule and said envelope arranged around each window of the first series.

De toute façon, l'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui suit d'un mode de réalisation de l'invention donné à titre d'exemple non limitatif. La description se réfère aux figures annexées sur lesquelles on a représenté:In any case, the invention will be better understood on reading the following description of an embodiment of the invention given by way of non-limiting example. The description refers to the appended figures in which there is shown:

- sur la figure 1, déjà décrite, un schéma simplifié des circuits d'eau-vapeur et de sodium correspondant à un générateur de vapeur à resurchauffeur alimenté en sodium,

  • - sur la figure 2, une vue en coupe verticale simplifiée de l'ensemble du générateur selon l'invention, et
  • - sur la figure 3, une vue de détails de la figure 2 montrant la partie supérieure du générateur de vapeur et, en particulier, le dispositif de répartition du débit de sodium respectivement dans le surchauffeur et dans le resurchauffeur.
in FIG. 1, already described, a simplified diagram of the water-steam and sodium circuits corresponding to a reheater steam generator supplied with sodium,
  • in FIG. 2, a simplified vertical sectional view of the assembly of the generator according to the invention, and
  • - In Figure 3, a detail view of Figure 2 showing the upper part of the steam generator and, in particular, the sodium flow distribution device in the superheater and in the superheater respectively.

Le générateur de vapeur, objet de l'invention, comprend une enveloppe 2 de forme cylindrique verticale définissant un passage interne et comportant à chacune de ses extrémités une plaque à tubes respectivement supérieure 4 et inférieure 6. Cette enceinte cylindrique 2 est complétée au-delà des plaques à tubes par des boîtes à eau 8 et 10. La boîte à eau inférieure 10 sert à l'introduction par la buse 10' de l'eau à chauffer et à transformer en vapeur, la boîte à eau 8 servant à la sortie par la buse 8' de la vapeur surchauffée. Ces boîtes à eau sont munies des trous de visite 8" et 10" obturés par des couvercles. A l'intérieur de l'enceinte 2, on trouve des tubes d'échange droits tels que 12, qui sont fixés à leurs deux extrémités dans les plaques à tubes 4 èt 6. Ces tubes servent à la circulation de l'eau et de la vapeur. Vers leur extrémité inférieure, les tubes sont munis de lyres de dilatation 12a qui permettent d'absorber les dilatations thermiques sans imposer aux tubes des contraintes inadmissibles. Les tubes droits 12 définissent une zone inférieure qui correspond à l'évaporateur E du générateur de vapeur et une zone supérieure qui correspond au surchauffeurs.The steam generator, object of the invention, comprises a casing 2 of vertical cylindrical shape defining an internal passage and comprising at each of its ends a tube plate respectively upper 4 and lower 6. This cylindrical enclosure 2 is completed beyond tube plates by water boxes 8 and 10. The lower water box 10 is used for the introduction by the nozzle 10 'of the water to be heated and to transform into steam, the water box 8 serving for the outlet via the 8 'nozzle of the superheated steam. These water boxes are fitted with 8 "and 10" inspection holes closed by lids. Inside the enclosure 2, there are straight exchange tubes such as 12, which are fixed at their two ends in the tube plates 4 and 6. These tubes are used for the circulation of water and steam. Towards their lower end, the tubes are provided with expansion lyres 12a which make it possible to absorb thermal expansions without imposing unacceptable stresses on the tubes. The straight tubes 12 define a lower zone which corresponds to the evaporator E of the steam generator and an upper zone which corresponds to the superheaters.

Dans sa partie supérieure, qui correspond précisément à la zone de surchauffe, l'enveloppe 2 est entourée par une virole cylindrique 14 qui ménage entre elle-même et l'enveloppe 2 une zone annulaire 16. La virole 14 est raccordée par des fonds bombés 18 et 20 à l'enveloppe 2. Des fenêtres, telles que 22, assurent une communication à sa partie inférieure entre l'espace annulaire 16 et l'intérieur de l'enveloppe 2. De même, des fenêtres 24 assurent une communication entre l'intérieur de l'enveloppe 2 et la région annulaire 16 à la partie supérieure de celle-ci. De préférence, les fenêtres 22 ont une grande section de passage pour, d'une part, réduire la vitesse du sodium et, d'autre part, faciliter le dégagement des produits lors d'une réaction accidentelle sodium-eau vers une membrane de sécurité.In its upper part, which corresponds precisely to the overheating zone, the casing 2 is surrounded by a cylindrical ferrule 14 which provides between itself and the casing 2 an annular zone 16. The ferrule 14 is connected by domed bottoms 18 and 20 to the envelope 2. Windows, such as 22, provide communication at its lower part between the annular space 16 and the interior of the envelope 2. Likewise, windows 24 ensure communication between the inside the envelope 2 and the annular region 16 at the upper part thereof. Preferably, the windows 22 have a large passage section to, on the one hand, reduce the speed of sodium and, on the other hand, facilitate the release of the products during an accidental sodium-water reaction towards a safety membrane. .

La virole 14 est munie à sa partie supérieure d'au moins une buse 26 d'alimentation en sodium chaud. Immédiatement en-dessous de cette buse 26, l'espace annulaire 16 comporte une plaque horizontale de répartition du sodium 28 dont la fonction sera explicitée ultérieurement. A l'intérieur de cet espace annulaire 16 et en-dessous de la plaque de répartition 28, on trouve des tubes en serpentins 30 qui constituent le resurchauffeur R du générateur de vapeur. Ces tubes en serpentins sont raccordés à des collecteurs de vapeur à resurchauffer 32 et à des collecteurs 34 de vapeur resurchauffée. Ces collecteurs sont munis de trous de visite 32' et 34' obturés par des couvercles. A son extrémité inférieure, l'enveloppe 2 est entourée par une deuxième virole 36 constituant la sortie de sodium. Cette deuxième virole entoure sur une fraction de sa hauteur l'enceinte 2 et elle est munie d'une buse 38 de sortie de sodium.The ferrule 14 is provided at its upper part with at least one nozzle 26 for supplying hot sodium. Immediately below this nozzle 26, the annular space 16 includes a horizontal sodium distribution plate 28 whose function will be explained later. Inside this annular space 16 and below the distribution plate 28, there are serpentine tubes 30 which constitute the reheater R of the steam generator. These serpentine tubes are connected to reheating steam collectors 32 and to collectors 34 of reheated steam. These collectors are provided with inspection holes 32 'and 34' closed by lids. At its lower end, the envelope 2 is surrounded by a second ferrule 36 constituting the sodium outlet. This second ferrule surrounds on a fraction of its height the enclosure 2 and it is provided with a sodium outlet nozzle 38.

Le fonctionnement simplifié de ce générateur de vapeur est le suivant: l'eau froide pénètre par la buse d'entrée 10' ménagée dans la boîte à eau inférieure 10, et parcourt les tubes droits 12 pour ressortir sous forme de vapeur surchauffée par la buse 8' ménagée dans la boîte à eau supérieure 8. Cette eau traverse ainsi successivement dans le faisceau de tubes droits la zone d'évaporation E et la zone de surchauffe S. Quant au sodium, il suit un cheminement en sens inverse. Le sodium chaud venant du réacteur entre par la buse d'entrée 26 de sodium et se répartit, comme on l'expliquera en détail ultérieurement, entre l'intérieur de l'enveloppe 2 et l'espace annulaire 16 grâce à la plaque de répartition 28 et aux fenêtres 24. La totalité de la circulation de sodium se retrouve grâce aux fenêtres 22 dans la partie inférieure de l'enveloppe 2 (évaporateur) et ressort par la buse 38. La vapeur à resurchauffer entre par les collecteurs 32, suit les serpentins 30 de resurchauffe et la vapeur resurchauffée sort par les collecteurs 34.The simplified operation of this steam generator is as follows: cold water enters through the inlet nozzle 10 'formed in the lower water box 10, and travels through the straight tubes 12 to exit in the form of steam superheated by the nozzle 8 ' formed in the upper water box 8. This water thus successively passes through the bundle of straight tubes the evaporation zone E and the overheating zone S. As for sodium, it follows a path in the opposite direction. The hot sodium coming from the reactor enters via the sodium inlet nozzle 26 and is distributed, as will be explained in detail later, between the interior of the casing 2 and the annular space 16 thanks to the distribution plate 28 and windows 24. All of the sodium circulation is found through the windows 22 in the lower part of the casing 2 (evaporator) and exits through the nozzle 38. The steam to be reheated enters via the collectors 32, follows the coils 30 of reheating and the reheated steam leaves by the collectors 34.

En se référant à la figure 3, on va décrire plus en détail la façon dont se fait la répartition du sodium chaud entre la zone de surchauffe, à l'intérieur de l'enceinte 2 et la zone de resurchauffe dans l'espace annulaire 16. Sur la figure 3, on a représenté le passage annulaire 16 et, plus précisément, la partie supérieure 16a de ce passage annulaire disposée au-dessus de la plaque de répartition 28. La répartition du sodium chaud entre la zone de resurchauffe constituée par l'espace annulaire 16 et la zone de surchauffe constituée par l'espace limité par l'enveloppe 2 est assurée, d'une part, par la plaque de répartition 28 qui crée la perte de charge nécessaire et répartit convenablement le sodium dans le faisceau resurchauffeur et, d'autre part, par une vanne à opercule cylindrique tournant autour de l'enveloppe 2 portant la référence générale 50 qui peut venir obturer plus ou moins les fenêtres 24 ménagées dans l'enceinte 2. Cette vanne à opercule cylindrique 50 est constituée par une virole cylindrique 52a percée d'ouvertures 52b qui, pour une position particulière de la virole, coïncide avec les fenêtres 24. La virole 52a est supportée en rotation par l'intermédiaire de rouleaux tels que 54, fixés sur la couronne 56 solidaire de l'enveloppe 2. Elle est également guidée en rotation par des rouleaux 58 à axes verticaux fixés sur l'enveloppe 2. De plus, cette virole est munie, à sa partie supérieure, d'une couronne 52c munie de tenons 59 qui peut coopérer avec un mécanisme de commande 60 de mise en rotation de la virole 52a. Bien entendu la rotation peut être commandée par d'autres moyens connus. Par exemple, la couronne 52c peut être munie d'une crémaillère circulaire qui engrène avec un pignon de commande fixé à l'extrémité inférieure du mécanisme 60. Chaque fenêtre 24 comporte un joint 61 qui assure une semi-étanchéité entre l'enveloppe 2 et la partie pleine de la virole 52a. On comprend qu'en agissant sur le mécanisme 60, on fait tourner la virole 52a autour de l'axe vertical du générateur de vapeur, ce qui permet d'adapter la section de passage du sodium vers l'intérieur de l'enveloppe 2 par réglage de la partie commune entre les fenêtres 24 et 52b.Referring to Figure 3, we will describe in more detail how the hot sodium is distributed between the overheating zone, inside the enclosure 2 and the reheating zone in the annular space 16 FIG. 3 shows the annular passage 16 and, more precisely, the upper part 16a of this annular passage disposed above the distribution plate 28. The distribution of hot sodium between the reheating zone constituted by the annular space 16 and the overheating zone constituted by the space limited by the casing 2 is provided, on the one hand, by the distribution plate 28 which creates the required pressure drop and distributes the sodium suitably in the reheater bundle and, on the other hand, by a cylindrical gate valve rotating around the casing 2 bearing the general reference 50 which can more or less close the windows 24 formed in the enclosure 2. This cylindrical gate valve 50 is constituted by a cylindrical ferrule 52a pierced with openings 52b which, for a particular position of the ferrule, coincides with the windows 24. The ferrule 52a is supported in rotation by means of rollers such as 54, fixed on the crown 56 integral with the 'envelope 2. It is also guided in rotation by rollers 58 with vertical axes fixed on the envelope 2. In addition, this ferrule is provided, at its upper part, with a crown 52c provided with pins 59 which can cooperate with a control mechanism 60 for rotating the ferrule 52a. Of course the rotation can be controlled by other known means. For example, the crown 52c can be provided with a circular rack which meshes with a control pinion fixed to the lower end of the mechanism 60. Each window 24 has a seal 61 which provides a semi-seal between the casing 2 and the solid part of the shell 52a. It is understood that by acting on the mechanism 60, the ferrule 52a is rotated around the vertical axis of the steam generator, which makes it possible to adapt the section for the passage of sodium towards the interior of the envelope 2 by adjustment of the common part between windows 24 and 52b.

Le rôle de la plaque de répartition 28 est de créer une perte de charge très importante pour le sodium nécessaire à la resurchauffe et qui passe de l'espace 16a à l'espace annulaire 16 contenant le faisceau resurchauffeur. Ainsi, une fraction importante du débit de sodium se présente devant les ouvertures 52b de la vanne 50.The role of the distribution plate 28 is to create a very significant pressure drop for the sodium necessary for reheating and which passes from space 16a to annular space 16 containing the reheater bundle. Thus, a large fraction of the sodium flow occurs in front of the openings 52b of the valve 50.

Le passage de sodium dans l'enveloppe 2 est réglé par la vanne 50 de telle façon qu'au niveau des ouvertures 22, le sodium du surchauffeur et le sodium du resurchauffeur soient sensiblement à la même température, avant que ce sodium ne pénètre dans la zone d'évaporateur E. Cette disposition permet de minimiser les surfaces d'échange thermique. En outre, elle évite d'avoir à mélanger les débits de sodium à des températures différentes, ce qui est toujours délicat à réaliser, à cause des contraintes thermique qui prennent naissance dans le mélangeur. Pour assurer cette égalité des températures, à la sortie du surchauffeur et du resurchauffeur, des capteurs de température 62 et 63 sont disposés respectivement à la sortie du surchauffeur et du resurchauffeur. Ils permettent de mesurer ces températures en permanence et d'en calculer la différence. A l'aide du mécanisme 60 commandé par la manivelle 64, on règle l'ouverture de la vanne 50 de telle façon que les débits de sodium dans le surchauffeur et le resurchauffeur assurent l'égalité souhaitée des températures. Il va de soi qu'on pourrait commander le mécanisme 60 à l'aide d'un moteur électrique alimenté par un courant représentatif de la différence des températures. On pourrait utiliser un servo-mécanisme de type classique assurant en permanence l'égalité des températures.The passage of sodium in the casing 2 is adjusted by the valve 50 so that at the level of the openings 22, the sodium of the superheater and the sodium of the superheater are at substantially the same temperature, before this sodium enters the evaporator zone E. This arrangement makes it possible to minimize the heat exchange surfaces. In addition, it avoids having to mix the sodium flows at different temperatures, which is always difficult to achieve, because of the thermal stresses which arise in the mixer. To ensure this equality of temperatures, at the outlet of the superheater and of the superheater, temperature sensors 62 and 63 are arranged respectively at the outlet of the superheater and of the superheater. They allow these temperatures to be measured continuously and the difference to be calculated. Using the mechanism 60 controlled by the crank 64, the opening of the valve 50 is adjusted so that the sodium flow rates in the superheater and the reheater ensure the desired equality of temperatures. It goes without saying that the mechanism 60 could be controlled using an electric motor powered by a current representative of the difference in temperatures. A conventional type servo-mechanism could be used which permanently ensures equal temperatures.

Les expériences faites sur un réacteur prototype ont montré que dans certains cas, pour obtenir l'égalité des températures à la sortie du surchauffeur et du resurchauffeur, il suffisait de régler les débits aux conditions nominales de fonctionnement de l'échangeur, la répartition des débits restant correcte pour les charges partielles, ceci permettant de simplifier le servo-mécanisme envisagé.Experiments carried out on a prototype reactor have shown that in certain cases, to obtain equal temperatures at the outlet of the superheater and the reheater, it was enough to adjust the flow rates to the nominal operating conditions of the exchanger, the distribution of flow rates remaining correct for partial loads, this making it possible to simplify the envisaged servo-mechanism.

Comme on le voit plus clairement sur la figure 3, on trouve dans la zone annulaire 16, une deuxième virole cylindrique 70 qui double l'enveloppe 2 dans cette région. Cette deuxième virole permet la fixation des espaceurs des serpentins 30 du resurchauffeur, ce qui autorise une construction en un seul morceau du resurchauffeur et son montage ultérieur en l'état. En outre, cette double paroi permet d'éviter un flux de chaleur important entre les deux écoulements de sodium parallèles facilitant ainsi le réglage des débits en fonction des températures de sortie de ces deux écoulements.As can be seen more clearly in FIG. 3, there is in the annular zone 16, a second cylindrical ferrule 70 which doubles the envelope 2 in this region. This second ferrule allows the spacers of the coils 30 of the reheater to be fixed, which allows construction in a single piece of the reheater and its subsequent mounting as it is. In addition, this double wall avoids a flow significant heat between the two parallel sodium flows thus facilitating the adjustment of the flow rates as a function of the outlet temperatures of these two flows.

Il faut ajouter que de façon connue, l'enceinte 2 est munie de grilles 71 de maintien des tubes 12 dans l'enceinte 2 et que l'échangeur peut avantageusement comporter des boucliers thermiques pour protéger les plaques à tubes. En outre, l'enceinte 36 peut être munie d'une membrane de sécurité 72 en cas de surpression accidentelle.It should be added that in known manner, the enclosure 2 is provided with grids 71 for holding the tubes 12 in the enclosure 2 and that the exchanger can advantageously include heat shields to protect the tube plates. In addition, the enclosure 36 can be provided with a safety membrane 72 in the event of accidental overpressure.

En variante, la buse de sortie 38 peut être disposée directement dans l'enveloppe 2 immédiatement au-dessus de la plaque à tubes 6. Dans ce cas, la virole 36 est bien sûr supprimée. Cela permet d'accroître la longueur utile des tubes d'échange 12.Alternatively, the outlet nozzle 38 can be arranged directly in the casing 2 immediately above the tube plate 6. In this case, the ferrule 36 is of course eliminated. This makes it possible to increase the useful length of the exchange tubes 12.

Il ressort de la description précédente que le générateur objet de l'invention répond bien aux exigences indiquées dans l'introduction. Il n'y a qu'un seul circuit d'alimentation en sodium, pour l'ensemble du générateur à resurchauffeur. En outre, l'évaporateur et le surchauffeur sont constitués par un même faisceau de tubes d'échange, ce qui d'une part, assure un gain d'encombrement et, d'autre part, évite le délicat problème du raccordement de plusieurs faisceaux de tubes.It appears from the preceding description that the generator which is the subject of the invention does indeed meet the requirements indicated in the introduction. There is only one sodium supply circuit for the entire reheater generator. In addition, the evaporator and the superheater are constituted by the same bundle of exchange tubes, which on the one hand, ensures a saving of bulk and, on the other hand, avoids the delicate problem of the connection of several bundles of tubes.

Un autre avantage de l'invention réside dans la façon dont sont disposés le resurchauffeur, le surchauffeur et l'évaporateur. D'une part, cela permet d'alimenter le surchauffeur et le resurchauffeur à l'aide d'une seule conduite d'arrivée de sodium, donc à la température maximale de sortie du réacteur d'où l'obtention du meilleur rendement thermodynamique, d'autre part, les flux de sodium sortant du resurchauffeur et du surchauffeur débouchent directement à l'entrée de l'évaporateur sans interposition de conduites.Another advantage of the invention lies in the way in which the superheater, the superheater and the evaporator are arranged. On the one hand, this makes it possible to supply the superheater and the superheater using a single sodium inlet pipe, therefore at the maximum outlet temperature of the reactor, hence obtaining the best thermodynamic efficiency, on the other hand, the sodium flows leaving the reheater and the superheater open directly at the inlet of the evaporator without interposing pipes.

Cette disposition est très économique et très sûre. De plus, elle ne nécessite l'emploi que d'une vanne de réglage n'exigeant d'étanchéité de sa tige de commande qu'à travers le fond 20.This arrangement is very economical and very safe. In addition, it only requires the use of an adjustment valve requiring sealing of its control rod only through the bottom 20.

Claims (3)

1. A steam generator incorporating a re-superheater fed with a liquid metal, comprising a cylindrical casing (2) inside which is a bundle of straight tubes (12) fixed at each of their ends in a tube plate (4, 6) associated respectively with a lower water feed collector (10) and an upper steam outlet collector (8), an outlet nozzle (38) for the liquid metal formed in the lower part of said casing (2), a collar (14) surrounding the upper part of said casing (2) and delimiting between itself and said casing an annular space (16), said collar (14) comprising a nozzle (26) for introducing said liquid metal into said annular space (16) which communicates with the interior of said casing through a first series of apertures (24) formed in said casing in the upper part of said annular space, characterised in that the nozzle (26) for introducing the liquid metal is situated on the upper part of said collar (14), a second series of apertures (22) being formed in said casing in the lower region of said annular space, said annular space (16) comprising a plurality of helical tubes (30) which form the integrated re-superheater, these tubes being connected to a lower collector (32') for the entry of steam to be re-superheated and to an upper collector (34') for the outlet of re-superheated steam, said apertures (24) of the first series being provided with throughflow regulating means (50) for varying the opening thereof, a control mechanism (62, 64) being associated with said regulating means for regulating the distribution of the throughflow of liquid metal circulating in said annular space and the throughflow of liquid metal entering said casing through the apertures (24) of the first series, and thermomet- ric sensors (62, 63) being arranged in said annular space (16) and in said casing (2) immediately above the second series of apertures (22) and associated with means for comparing the measurements made by said sensors for acting on the control mechanism.
2. A generator as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that, inside said annular space, it comprises a horizontal plate (28) formed with orifices, said plate being arranged on the one hand below the inlet nozzle (26) for the liquid metal and the first series of apertures (24) and, on the other hand, above the outlet collector (34') for the re-superheated water.
3. A generator as claimed in any of Claims 1 and 2, characterised in that said throughflow regulating means (50) consist of a circular cap valve formed by a collar (52a) mounted to pivot about said casing (2) and provided with as many orifices (52b) as there are apertures (24) of the first series, said orifices and said apertures having the same dimensions and being designed to coincide for one angular position of said collar (52a), and of sealing means (61) between said collar and said casing arranged around each aperture (24) of the first series.
EP79400029A 1978-01-18 1979-01-15 Steam generator with integrated reheater fed with liquid metal Expired EP0003204B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7801346A FR2415262A1 (en) 1978-01-18 1978-01-18 STEAM GENERATOR WITH INTEGRATED RESURHEATER POWERED BY A LIQUID METAL
FR7801346 1978-01-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0003204A1 EP0003204A1 (en) 1979-07-25
EP0003204B1 true EP0003204B1 (en) 1981-05-13

Family

ID=9203598

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP79400029A Expired EP0003204B1 (en) 1978-01-18 1979-01-15 Steam generator with integrated reheater fed with liquid metal

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4249484A (en)
EP (1) EP0003204B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS54112404A (en)
DE (1) DE2960328D1 (en)
ES (1) ES476928A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2415262A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS55152403A (en) * 1979-05-18 1980-11-27 Meidensha Electric Mfg Co Ltd Detector for displacement of actuator
FR2497937B1 (en) * 1981-01-13 1986-03-07 Stein Industrie TUBE BEAM HEAT EXCHANGE DEVICE WITH EXPANSION LYRES SUBTRACTED TO VIBRATION
IT1171177B (en) * 1983-06-10 1987-06-10 Nira Spa MODULAR STEAM GENERATOR WITH STRAIGHT TUBES
JPS6020003A (en) * 1983-07-04 1985-02-01 ザ・バブコツク・アンド・ウイルコツクス・カンパニ− Device for superheating steam
FR2805333A1 (en) * 2000-02-22 2001-08-24 Gen Electric Steam generator, for liquid metal reactor, comprises casing with rupture plate on upper head and cover gas in generator upper part

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1294954A (en) * 1961-04-22 1962-06-01 Fives Penhoet heat exchanger
FR1445720A (en) * 1965-06-04 1966-07-15 Babcock & Wilcox Co Steam generator, overheating and re-superheating
FR2134067B1 (en) * 1970-03-06 1974-08-09 Stein Industrie HEAT EXCHANGER MODULE
BE795092A (en) * 1972-02-11 1973-05-29 Stein Industrie HEAT EXCHANGER MODULE
US3888212A (en) * 1972-10-24 1975-06-10 Foster Wheeler Corp Liquid metal steam generator
JPS49105001A (en) * 1973-02-16 1974-10-04
FR2335791A1 (en) * 1975-12-18 1977-07-15 Stein Industrie MULTI-MODULE HEAT EXCHANGER IN PARALLEL

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES476928A1 (en) 1979-07-16
US4249484A (en) 1981-02-10
FR2415262A1 (en) 1979-08-17
JPS54112404A (en) 1979-09-03
EP0003204A1 (en) 1979-07-25
FR2415262B1 (en) 1981-10-23
DE2960328D1 (en) 1981-08-20

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0004218B1 (en) Fast nuclear reactor with at least one auxiliary heat exchanger
EP2396607B1 (en) Solar collector, and electrical power-generating plant including such solar collectors
FR2723798A1 (en) LIQUID METAL COOLED NUCLEAR REACTOR COMPRISING AN IMPROVED COOLING SYSTEM, THE SYSTEM AND A METHOD USING THE SAME.
CN101298944B (en) Passive molten salt thermal absorber
EP2952703B1 (en) Device for converting thermal energy into mechanical energy
FR2584228A1 (en) EMERGENCY COOLING DEVICE WITH INTRINSIC SAFETY OF A PRESSURE WATER NUCLEAR REACTOR.
EP0147304B1 (en) Sodium-water steam generator with concentric straight tubes and gas circulation in the annular space
EP0003204B1 (en) Steam generator with integrated reheater fed with liquid metal
EP0022714A1 (en) Fast neutrons nuclear reactor cooled by liquid metal and provided with a system for the removal of the residual heat
EP0246969A1 (en) Small pressurized-water nuclear reactor with natural circulation
US4372291A (en) Solar heat exchanger
EP0068913A1 (en) Fast breeder reactor with a residual heat dissipation system
EP0057643A2 (en) Tube sheet protection device at the hot extremity of a vertical heat exchanger
EP0050538A1 (en) Photovoltaic cell device for colletcting solar energy and solar generator using such a device
EP0163564A1 (en) Fast neutron nuclear reactor with a steam generator integrated in the vessel
EP0015191A1 (en) Heat exchanger
EP0006800B1 (en) Liquid-metal cooled fast nuclear reactor
EP0190075B1 (en) Steam generator with liquid metal as the heat transport medium and with leak detection by removing such a liquid metal
FR2636125A1 (en) Hot fluid generator, particularly for hot water
EP0086695B1 (en) Steam generator with u-tube bundle and superheater
FR2540971A1 (en) STEAM GENERATOR FOR A NUCLEAR REACTOR COOLED BY LIQUID METAL
EP0018262A1 (en) Fast neutron nuclear reactor with an internal cylindrical vessel
FR2458768A1 (en) Swivelling solar heat collection module - has lens to concentrate suns rays onto conduit through with liquid flows
EP0006801A1 (en) Liquid-metal cooled fast nuclear reactor
EP0020264A1 (en) Semi-modular type heat exchanger for nuclear reactor

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): BE DE GB IT NL

17P Request for examination filed
ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: JACOBACCI & PERANI S.P.A.

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): BE DE GB IT NL

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 2960328

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19810820

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 19820131

Year of fee payment: 4

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19820331

Year of fee payment: 4

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 19820331

Year of fee payment: 4

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Effective date: 19830115

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Effective date: 19830801

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee
GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Effective date: 19831001

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Effective date: 19881117

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT