EP0003087A1 - Device for connecting elongated elements of a reinforced concrete framework and framework comprising elements connected by such a device. - Google Patents

Abstract

Device for assembling elongated elements of reinforced concrete frame and frame comprising elements assembled by such devices. The device comprises means for clamping around the ends of the profiles to be assembled. In one embodiment, these means comprise a body (1) on which depend at least two sleeves (2 and 3) tightly surrounding a part, for example the end, of the reinforced concrete sections to be assembled. The sleeves (2 and 3) are removable from the body (1). Columns and beams assembled using such devices make it possible to constitute a frame or frame for a building, for example a hangar.

Description

The invention relates to a device for assembling between them reinforced concrete frame elements, pre-stressed or not, for example beams, posts or the like. It also relates to frameworks comprising a set of such elements linked together by such assembly devices.

By framework or frame is meant here a two- or three-dimensional structure.

For the assembly of beams, columns or similar elongated elements, in reinforced concrete, pre-stressed or not, we have, until now, used concrete which reinforcement bars protruding beyond the ends of the beams or columns to assemble. Such an assembly is complex and expensive.

It has also been proposed to use assembly sleeves cooperating with a bolt or an ankle passing through holes in the sleeve and in holes provided at the ends of the concrete elements to be assembled. However, it is not easy to drill a hole at the end of a beam or a post of reinforced concrete, moreover the element is thus weakened and the bonding force is concentrated excessively.

An object of the invention is to provide a device assembly of concrete beams, posts or the like, which is simple and economical to carry out and easy to implement.

The invention starts from the observation that when clamping forces are applied to the periphery of a beam or a post or other elongated element of reinforced concrete, this or this does not deteriorate, even if these clamping forces are of great value.

The device according to the invention is characterized in that, being intended to join two beams or posts or other elongated elements of reinforced concrete, in particular by their ends, it comprises at least one sheath suitable for tightening around at least one beam or one post.

The length of the sheath is chosen such that the forces developed at its junction with the concrete of the element are not likely to alter the structure of the latter.

The invention provides for taking into account the bending moment, which can be of high value and resulting from the bending moments always present in the vicinity of an assembly junction.

In the case of a non-prestressed concrete element, the length of the sleeve is chosen to avoid crushing of the concrete under the effect of the strong pressures exerted by one face of the sleeve on the element.

In the case where the assembled element is made of prestressed concrete, the length of the sheath is sufficient so that in the part of the element subjected to traction due to the existence of the bending moment (s), the forces developed are lower than concrete can withstand tensile stress.

The length resulting from this second consideration is usually greater than that resulting from the consideration of the first condition alone.

For a similar purpose, the invention provides for reinforcing the ends of the assembled elements by incorporating metallic fibers into the concrete.

It is thus not necessary to modify or conform the ends of the elements with a view to their assembly.

The beams or posts thus assembled can constitute a frame or framework whose solidity is at least as important as that of the frameworks produced using beams or columns of reinforced concrete assembled using previously known devices.

In one embodiment, the assembly device comprises a body from which at least two sleeves protrude, each intended to house, clamping, a part, in particular the end, of the concrete profiles to be assembled. It is advantageous that the sleeves are removably attached to the body.

In one embodiment, the body or shell comprises a central cavity and has at least one communication opening between this central cavity and a sheath so as to allow the introduction, into this cavity, of the end of the profile clamped by the scabbard.

In the case where the device has two sheaths in alignment, it may be advantageous to provide such a communication opening between each sheath and the body cavity so that a profile can pass through the body.

With an assembly formed of reinforced concrete profiles, pre-stressed or not, and assembly devices according to the invention, one can easily produce a framework, for example that of a building such as a hangar. The assembly devices are, in the latter case, used to assemble the posts (vertical) to the ridge elements (non-vertical) such as purlins or rafters.

These assembly devices can also be used to associate ridge elements with one another.

The profiles can slide easily in the sleeves and / or the bodies of the assembly devices before their blocking in the sleeves by tightening; mounting and adjusting a frame are thus particularly easy.

• la figure 1 illustre en perspective éclatée un dispositif d'assemblage conforme à l'invention;
• la figure 2 montre une variante de réalisation d'un corps du dispositif illustré sur la figure 1;
• la figure 3 est une coupe verticale d'une ossature selon l'invention et comportant des dispositifs d'assemblage du type de celui montré sur la figure 1;
• la figure 4 représente une vue de dessus à échelle réduite d'une partie de l'ossature montrée sur la figure 3;
• la figure 5 montre une vue partielle, analogue à celle de la figure 3, d'une variante de réalisation de l'ossature;
• les figures 6 à 8 illustrent d'autres moyens d'assemblage, conformes à l'invention, de profilés utilisables dans l'ossature représentée sur la figure 3;
• la figure 9 représente l'extrémité d'une poutre; et
• la figure 10 montre une armature noyée dans l'extrémité de la poutre montrée sur la figure 9.

Other objects, advantages and characteristics of the invention will emerge from the following description of some embodiments, made with reference to the drawings attached, in which:

• Figure 1 illustrates in exploded perspective an assembly device according to the invention;
• Figure 2 shows an alternative embodiment of a body of the device illustrated in Figure 1;
• Figure 3 is a vertical section of a frame according to the invention and comprising assembly devices of the type shown in Figure 1;
• FIG. 4 represents a top view on a reduced scale of part of the framework shown in FIG. 3;
• Figure 5 shows a partial view, similar to that of Figure 3, of an alternative embodiment of the frame;
• Figures 6 to 8 illustrate other means of assembly, according to the invention, profiles used in the frame shown in Figure 3;
• Figure 9 shows the end of a beam; and
• FIG. 10 shows an armature embedded in the end of the beam shown in FIG. 9.

The assembly device shown in Figure 1 comprises a hollow body 1 and two sleeves 2 and 3 for clamping the ends (or other parts) of profiles (not shown in this figure) of reinforced concrete, prestressed or not. The sleeves are detachably fixed to the body 1 by means of fixing means such as screws and nuts.

The body 1 has two parallel faces 4 and 5 hereinafter called upper and lower faces without these indications implying a limitation as to the position of use of the device. These faces 4 and 5 are interconnected by side faces 6 and 7 adjacent _dt's parallel edges of the face 4 and the faces 8 and 9, of smaller length (depending on their section through a vertical plane) the faces 6 and 7 and connecting, on the one hand, the face 6 to the lower face 5 and, on the other hand, the lateral face 7 to the lower face 5. The body 1 therefore has in vertical section the shape of a irregular hexagon. The body 1 has a plane of symmetry perpendicular to the faces 4 and 5, the face 6 being the symmetrical of the face 7 with respect to this plan; similarly, the face 8 is symmetrical with the face 9 with respect to said plane.

The faces 6 and 7 have openings 10 and 11 of rectangular shape whose width is half the length. The section of these openings corresponds to that of the profiles to be assembled. They are intended to allow the introduction of the ends of the profiles in the hollow body 1. Their shapes and dimensions are such that a clearance is made between the edges of these openings and the associated profile, when present. Around the openings 10 and 11 (for example the opening 11), are distributed elongated or oval-shaped holes 12 which, in the example, are four in number and are distributed in a square.

The upper face 4 has an opening 13 having the shape of a square with a side equal to the width of the side of the rectangular opening 10 or 11. The faces 4 and 5 also have ovalized holes 14 distributed in a square of the same side than the side of the square on which the holes 12 are distributed.

Inside the volume delimited by the faces 4 to 9, two flanges 15 and 16 are provided which are mutually parallel and perpendicular to said faces. These flanges are arranged in such a way that the parts of said faces 4 to 9 which are outside the space separating them form rims from which the openings 10 and 11 are excluded but have the ovalized holes 12, 14, etc. Each flange 15, 16 has a central opening, respectively 15a and 16a, with edges parallel to its outer edges. Gussets 17 form ribs for strengthening the body 1 and are provided outside of said space separating the flanges 15 and 16 and at the junction of these flanges with the faces 4, 5, 6 and 7.

Finally, with regard to the body 1, it has in its hollow part located between the flanges 15 and 16 and in the vicinity of the middle part of the upper face 4 a stopper 18 with edges substantially parallel to the faces 6 and 7 for the ends of the beams or posts inserted in the hollow part of the body.

The sleeve 2, which is intended to be fixed to the body 1 by its face 7, has two parts, or half-sleeves, 20 and 21 identical to each other. It will therefore suffice to describe one of these parts, namely part 20. The latter comprises a section 22 with inverted U section intended to cover the upper face and the upper parts of the lateral faces of a beam or post with section rectangular of width slightly less than that of the base (or central edge) 22a of the profile 22. Of course, as already indicated with regard to the positions of the faces 4 and 5 of the body 1, the expression "upper" or "lower" is used here for convenience of description but not as representing the actual position of the items so designated.

The half-sheath 20 has a posterior front edge 23 having in the vicinity of its lateral ends circular holes 24 whose distance between the axes is equal to that between the axes of the holes 12. These holes 12 and 24 are intended to allow passage to bolt rods for fixing the sleeve 2 to the body 1.

The half-sheath 20 is bordered, at the bottom, at its four corners, by ears 25, 26, etc. Thus, the ear 25 is connected to the rear end of a wing 22b of the profile 23 and to the lower edge of the flange 23. These ears 25, 26 have holes 27, 28 for the passage of clamping screws (not shown ).

Between the ears 25 and 26 is provided a rib 29 having a hole 30 which, in the example, is closer to the ear 25 than to the ear 26.

The half-sheath 20 also includes anterior frontal ribs 31 and 32. Each of these ribs, for example the rib 31, forms a single piece with, on the one hand, the adjacent ear 26 and, on the other hand, the corresponding wing 22b of the profile 22.

The upper face of the central wing 22a of the profile 22 has a rectangular opening 33 and the outer face (upper in the figure) of this central wing 22a project, in the vicinity of its front end, ribs 35 and 36 having at their posterior part of the edges, respectively 35a and 36a, which form, as is will see later in relation to FIG. 3, stops for positioning posts or purlins. The rim 23 is, also to ensure such positioning, extended forward by edges 37 and 38 substantially parallel to the wings 22b and 22c, and having anterior edges 37a and 38a.

The height of the wings 22b and 22c is, in order to allow tightening, less than the half-height of the beam or of the corresponding post.

The sleeve 3 also has two identical parts 40 and 41 each of which, for example the half-sleeve 40 has, in the longitudinal direction, the shape of a U-shaped section 42 with a wide base 42a, which has a rectangular opening 43. The wings lateral 42b and 42c of the profile 42 are bordered at their ends and at their free edges by ears 44 having circular holes 45 for the passage of clamping means, for example with screws, tending to bring the half-sleeves 40 and 41 l 'from each other to enclose the end of a beam or post between these half-sleeves.

The half-sheath 40 has an upper face 46 comprising circular holes 47 separated by a distance equal to that separating corresponding holes provided on the face 5 of the body 1.

Inside the profile 42, the face 46 is provided, between the holes 47, with two ribs 48 and 49 having lower edges, respectively 48a and 49a, forming stops for one end of a beam or post inserted in the sheath 3.

Ribs or gussets 50 and 51 (half-sleeve 41, Figure 1) connecting the outer face of a wing of the profile to an edge of a corresponding ear are provided to improve the mechanical rigidity of the half-sleeve. The central wing of the profile is pierced with a hole 52 (which, in FIG. 1, is only visible on the half-sheath 41) between the ribs projecting from the corresponding upper face.

The face 46 is intended to be applied against the lower face 5 of the body 1 and the holes 47 allow passage to fixing means, for example with screws and bolts, of the sleeve 3 to the body 1. These means have a head which can be accommodated in the part of the sleeve left free between the end of the beam or column and the face 46.

As will be seen below in relation to FIG. 3, the holes 52 allow the passage to tie rods transversely crossing the sheath in the space separating the ribs 48 and 49 and which is left free because a tight beam or post between the half-sleeves 40 and 41 cannot enter this space.

The distance between the wings 42b and 42c is slightly greater than the width of a beam or a post, the end of which is normally introduced into the sheath 3. The width of these wings 42b, 42c is less than half the width (in transverse direction relative to the width mentioned above) of the beam or post in question, so as to allow the clamping of the end of the beam or post between the two half-sleeves 40 and 41.

In the case of a frame which is provided for obtaining a slope having a slope of 25%, the angle formed between the faces 4 (or 5) and 6 (or 7) of the body 1 is of the order of 76 °, so that the angle formed by this face 4 or 5 with the general direction of the sheath 2 -so with the beam introduced into this sheath- is of the order of 14 °, which represents a slope of said value.

The body 1 and the sleeves 2 and 3 are preferably made of a metal, for example malleable cast iron. However, in a variant, the assembly device is made of a resin concrete, or of a reinforced resin (the resin being for example a polyester), or of concrete in which metal fibers have been incorporated or of concrete reinforced by glass fibers, or in a laminated product with fiber layers: glass and polyester.

The body 1a of the assembly device which is represented in FIG. 2 differs from the body 1 represented in FIG. 1 by the fact that the faces 15b and 16b (corresponding to the faces 15 and 16) have four bosses 55 drilled tapped holes 56. These tapped holes are distributed in the same way as the ovalized holes provided on other faces of the body 1a and allow the fixing of sleeves similar to the sleeves 2 and 3.

The frame shown in Figures 3 and 4 is formed of reinforced concrete profiles, pre-stressed or not, of rectangular or square section, as well as assembly devices of the type of that shown in Figure 1.

In this example, the vertical posts are of square section and provision is made for longest ceptral posts 60, intermediate posts 61 and longest side or lean posts 62 short.

The truss of this frame comprises crossbowmen 63 and 64 -the crossbowmen 63 being longer than the crossbowmen 64- and purlins 65, 66, of equal length therebetween.

The rafters and purlins all have the same rectangular section.

The bases of the posts 60, 61, 62 are driven into wells 67 provided in a concrete slab 68. The fixing of these base posts is ensured by filling (not shown) of the wells 67 with concrete.

As a variant, the posts have at their base pedestals pierced with holes allowing their fixing to a slab using sealing bolts.

The assembly of the pole 62 to the crossbowman 64 is carried out using a device 70 identical to that shown in Figure 1 and arranged in the same way. The end 64a of the crossbowman 64 is introduced inside the body 71 of the assembly device 70, the end face of this crossbowman being in contact with a face of the internal stop of this body (stop 18 on Figure 1).

The post 60 (the upper end of which has not been shown) is assembled with two rafters 63 and 63a by means of an assembly device 72 similar to that shown in FIG. 1. The body 73 of the device 72 is identical to the body 1 of the device shown on this Figure 1, but it is arranged in the vertical direction in the opposite direction. The upper part of the pole 60 is fixed, by means of a sheath (not shown) to the face 74 of the device 73 which corresponds to the face 4 of the body 1 (FIG. 1). The crossbowmen 63 and 63a are fixed to the body 73 by means of sheaths 75 and 76 which are fixed to the latter on its faces 75a and 76a which correspond, respectively, to the faces 6 and 7 of the body 1. In addition, the ends said crossbowmen 63 and 63a are introduced into the body 73.

The crossbowmen 63 and 64 are assembled with the pole 61 is provided by an assembly device 77 with sheaths 78, 79 and 80, identical, for the sheath 78, to the sheath 3 (FIG. 1) and for the sheaths 79 and 80 to the sheath 2 of the device shown in FIG. 1. The sheath 78 clamps the upper end of the post 61, while the sheaths 79 and 80 clamp the ends of the rafters 64 and 63, respectively. The body 81 of the device 77 has, like the body 1, the shape of an irregular hexagon but, unlike said body 1, its outer faces are parallel in pairs. This body 81 has an upper face 82 and a lower face 83 which are horizontal. Adjacent to the lower face 83 is a face 84 on which the sheath 79 is fixed. This face 84 forms an angle of approximately 104 ° with the horizontal so that the inclination of the crossbowman 64 relative to the horizontal is equal to 14 ° (25% slope). The sleeve 80 is fixed to a face 85 of the body 81, which is parallel to the face 84. Faces 86 and 87 of smaller dimensions are located between, respectively, the face 83 and the face 85, and the face 84 and the face 82.

The device 77 therefore makes it possible, unlike assembly devices 70 and 72, to assemble two rafters in extension of one another.

The body 81 of this device 77 does not have, in its central cavity, a stop limiting the introduction of beams or the like.

In symmetrical position of the pole 61 relative to the pole 60 the shed shown in FIG. 3 comprises a pole 61a which is fixed to the crossbowman 63a by means of an assembly device 90 having a body identical to the body 71 of the device 70.

A horizontal tie 91 constituted by a metal rod is provided between the sleeve 78 and the vertical sleeve 92 of the device 90. The ends of this tie 91 are passed through openings of said sleeves which correspond to the opening 52 of the sleeve 3 shown on the figure 1.

The device 90 comprises an additional sheath 93 symmetrical with the sheath 94 - enclosing the end of the crossbowman 63a- with respect to the vertical. This sheath 93 encloses the end of a crossbowman 95 forming part of an extension of the hangar.

The purlins are fixed to the rest of the framework also by means of the assembly devices already described. However, the ends of these purlins are not clamped between half-sleeves but rest on the upper faces of the half-sleeves enclosing the rafters with which they are fixed. Thus, the ends of the purlins 65 and 66 rest on the upper face of the upper half-sheath 76. As already mentioned above, the lateral positioning of these purlins is ensured by edges 35a, 36a, 37a, 38a (FIG. 1) of these half-sleeves. Furthermore, the fixing of said ends of the purlins to the sleeves is ensured by hooks (not shown) in the shape of an inverted L, the lower end of the longer branch of which is threaded and passed through the holes 30 of the half-sleeves. (figure 1) where they are retained by a nut (also not shown). The small branch of said L-shaped hook rests on the upper face of purlins 65 and 66.

The purlins to the rafters are assembled by other means shown in FIGS. 6, 7 and 8. The purlins 101 and 102 of rectangular section, which have the same direction but are offset with respect to each other , rest by their smallest side on the upper edge of a rafter 103 which is also a section profile rectangular reinforced concrete, pre-stressed or not. The assembly means comprise a part 104 with a central U-shaped part (FIG. 8), the base 105 of which is applied against the lower edge of the profiled rafter 103 and the lateral wings 105b and 105c of which have a height less than that of the chevron are applied against the lateral faces of said chevron 103. The upper ends of the wings 105b and 105c are extended outwards by flanges 106 and 107 each having a central hole, respectively 106a and 107a.

Said assembly means further comprise hooks 108 and 109. The hook 108 is intended to fix the purlin 102 to the rafter 103 and the hook 109 ensures the fixing of the purlin 101 to the rafter 103. Each hook, for example that 108, has a vertical rod 110 of lower end 111 threaded which has passed through the hole 107a and with which cooperates a nut 112 disposed under the flange 107. The vertical branch 110 is extended at its upper part by a horizontal branch 113 applying against the upper edge of the tip 102 and this branch 113 ends with a vertical return 114 directed downwards which is applied against a vertical edge of the tip 102.

Finally, as regards the means of assembling the purlins to the rafters, said purlins 101 and 102 do not rest directly on the upper edge of the rafter 103 but by means of a metal retaining piece 115 (FIG. 7) having edges 116 and 117 directed upwards and enclosing the opposite vertical edges of the purlins 101 and 102. The part also includes vertical edges 118 and 119 directed downwards and covering the upper part of the opposite vertical edges of the rafter 103.

The cover is formed from asbestos-cement plates 130 covering the purlins. As a variant, these plates 130 are made of steel and, advantageously, between these steel plates and the purlins there is an insulation material.

The longitudinal bracing of the framework of the hangar can be insured in any manner known per se, for example by providing solid walls or elements arranged in the cross of Saint Andrew. The tie rods 91 as well as the sleeves enclosing the ends of the rafters ensure the bracing along the ramp.

The length of the sleeves is chosen such that the pressure developed by the existence of the bending moments does not risk altering the structure of the concrete in contact with the sleeve.

In the case where the elongated element is made of prestressed concrete, the length of the assembly sleeve is chosen such that it does not occur, in the part of the element subjected to traction due to the existence of 'such a bending moment, efforts which would be greater than that which can normally bear prestressed concrete, taking into account that the stress of the concrete born from its cooperation with the reinforcement is weaker at the ends of the element.

In the case where the profiles are made of prestressed concrete, in particular by adhesive reinforcement, the clamping length of the sleeves on the profiles is advantageously such that the prestressing is sufficiently established at the outlet of the sleeve in order to make the embedding effective.

In one example, the clamping length of the sleeves on the end of a prestressed concrete profile forming a crossbowman is of the order of 37 cm.

To facilitate the establishment of prestressing, it is advantageous to reinforce the ends of the beams or posts with metal hoops. Thus, in the example shown in Figures 9 and 10, in the end portion of a beam 141 is embedded a frame 142 formed of two parallel rectangular frames 143 and 144 arranged so as to form a rectangular parallelepiped. Each frame is formed from a metal wire closed by a loop 145, 146 improving the anchoring of the frame 142 in the concrete. The upper branches 143a and 144a of these frames are welded, near their ends, to wires 147 and 148 which are perpendicular to them. In a realization tion, the length of the frames 143 and 144 is about 70 cm, their width about 12.5 cm and the distance between them of the order of 5 cm. In this case, the wires 147 and 148 are approximately 10 cm from the respective short sides of the rectangular frames, the small side closest to the end face 150 of the beam 141 is approximately 3 cm from the latter and the width of this face 150 is of the order of 20 cm.

The half-sleeves of the assembly device are arranged in such a way that the clamping force is exerted on the lateral faces 151 and 152 of the beam which are parallel to the plane defined by the wires 147 and 148.

It is also possible to reinforce the ends subjected to tightening by the addition of metallic fibers incorporated during the manufacture of the concrete and regularly distributed in its mass by mixing.

We will now describe, in relation to FIG. 5, an alternative embodiment of the shed shown in FIG. 3. In this variant, the lean-to post 62b is fixed to a crossbowman 64b by means of a device for assembly 120 analogous to the device 77 for assembling the rafters 63 and 64 to the post 61. The rafters 64b passes entirely through the body 61 of the device 120 and the end 64c of this rafters protrudes outside the hangar while being tightened by a sheath 122 fixed to the body 121. This end 64c supports a canopy 123 shown in broken lines in FIG. 5. It will be noted here that it is not necessary to provide, inside the hangar, an additional clamping sheath of the crossbowman 64b.

As shown in the description above, the framework according to the invention is particularly simple to produce. The various elements which compose it are easily storable and have a reduced overall dimensions whereas the frameworks based on reinforced concrete, prestressed or not, previously known, are particularly bulky. In addition, this framework can be produced in extremely varied dimensions. In addition, in the example described, only two types of profiles were used, namely square section profiles and rectangular section profiles, which facilitates the assembly of the frame and at the same time reduces manufacturing costs. From this point of view, it will also be appreciated that the same assembly device can be used in ridge for the connection of two rafters (device 72 in FIG. 3) and for the assembly of a lean-to post with a crossbowman (device 70, fig. 3).

The profiles can slide easily in the sleeves and / or the bodies of the assembly devices, before the profiles are locked in the sleeves by tightening with screws and bolts. The mounting of the framework is thus particularly easy and can even be carried out by a person not having any particular skill in the field of the framework.

Although in the example described, the assembly devices can only be used for covers having a slope of the order of 25QO, it goes without saying that the invention is not limited to this slope value. In addition, it is possible, using an assembly device body having tilting faces, to build covers of different slopes. To make this arrangement, the lateral faces of the body (not shown), which correspond to faces 6 and 7 (FIG. 1), are pivotally linked to a base (corresponding to face 5) and the upper face is constituted by a plate which has dimensions which are a function of the inclination of the lateral faces. This upper plate is, in this case, fixed to the lateral faces by means of bolts also serving for fixing the sleeves to the lateral faces of the body.

It should also be noted that the fact that the purlins are not placed end to end (Figures 4 and 6), but in a staggered manner, further simplifies the assembly of the hangar and, at the same time, ensures satisfactory support of these purlins on the crossbowmen and on the rafters.

The hangar according to the invention is easily removable. In addition, its shape can be easily changed; it can in particular be extended, as can be seen with the crossbowman 95 in FIG. 3.

Finally, regarding the advantages of Ossa ture and assembly device according to the invention, it should be noted that the profiles do not have a waiting reinforcement at their ends and that they can be manufactured using the same molding installation and cut to the desired length by sciane directly on the prefabrication bench.

The invention also applies in the case where the profiles do not include metallic reinforcements but are profiles established in prestressed concrete reinforced with metallic fibers or glass fibers.

Claims (31)

1.- Device for assembling together at least two elongated construction elements or reinforced concrete profiles, characterized in that it comprises means for clamping around the ends of the profiles to be assembled. 2.- Device according to claim 1, characterized in that said means comprise a body on which depend at least two sleeves intended to tightly surround part of the profiles to be assembled. 3.- Device according to claim 2, characterized in cc that the intersection of the middle lines of the sleeves is inside the body. 4.- Device according to claim 2 or claim 3, characterized in that it comprises means for removably fixing the sleeves to the body. 5.- Device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the body or shell has a central cavity and at least one communication opening between this central cavity and a sheath, so as to allow the introduction of the end of the corresponding profile in this cavity. 6.- Device according to claim 5, characterized in that in the body cavity is provided a stop limiting the introduction of a profile in this body. 7.- Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the body has an opening opposite the communication opening between the sheath and the central cavity so as to allow the passage, through the body, of a clean profile has to be received tightly by said sheath. 8.- Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the body has planar outer faces on which are reportable planar faces of the sleeves. 9.- Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the body has two flat faces forming between them an angle of 76 ° or 104 ° approximately for the production of a slope having a slope of 25%. 10.- Device according to any one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that at least one of the sleeves has abutment means for limiting the introduction of a profile at the bottom of this sleeve so as to spare a free space between the end of a profile held by clamping in this sheath and the bottom of the latter. 11.- Device according to claims 4 and 10, characterized in that said free space is occupied, in part, by the means for fixing the sheath to the body of the device. 12.- Device according to claim 10 or claim 11, characterized in that the sheath has openings to leave a passage, extending transversely relative to the direction of the sheath, for a rod passing through said free space. 13.- Device according to any one of claims 2 to 12, characterized in that each sheath has two separate parts adapted to be connected together by clamping means. 14.- Device according to claim 13, characterized in that the two parts of each sleeve are identical. 15.- Device according to any one of claims 2 _. 14, characterized in that an outer face of at least one of the sleeves has means for positioning the edge of another profile on this face. 16.- Device according to claim 15, characterized in that the sheath having means for positioning a profile on one of its outer faces further comprises means, such as holes, to allow the fixing of means d 'attachment of said other profile to the sheath. 17.- Device according to any one of claims 2 to 16, characterized in that the body and / or the sleeves are made of malleable cast iron. 18.- Device according to any one of claims 2 to 16, characterized in that the body and / or the sleeves are made of resin concrete, concrete reinforced with ibres metallic or glass fiber, or the like. 19.- Device according to any one of claims 2 to 18, characterized in that it has as a whole a plane of symmetry, at least one sheath extending in this plane and at least two sheaths extending in two directions symmetrical with respect to this plane. 20.- Device according to any one of claims 2 to 19, characterized in that the length of the sleeves on which is exerted the tightening of the reinforced concrete profiles is chosen to a value sufficient to achieve an embedding of the corresponding profiles. 21.- Device according to claim 20, characterized in that the length of the sleeves is sufficient to avoid deterioration of the concrete in pressure contact with said sleeve under the effect of the bending moment. 22.- Device according to claim 20, for the assembly of reinforced concrete elements, at least one of which is made of prestressed concrete, characterized in that the length of the sheath is sufficient so that the traction developed by the bending moment does not is not greater than the end of the element can support. 23.- Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the flat outer faces of the body and the corresponding flat faces of the sheath have corresponding holes for the passage of the removable fastening means. 24.- Device according to claim 23, characterized in that the holes have on all sides the same distribution in shape and dimensions regardless of the section of the profiles to be assembled. 25.- Device according to claim 24, characterized in that said holes are four in number and are located at the top of a square. 26.- Frame or frame, characterized in that it comprises reinforced concrete sections, at least some of which are assembled using a device according to any one of the preceding claims. 27.- Framework according to claim 26, characterized in that, being intended to form the framework of a building, the assembly devices are provided for assembling the vertical posts to the rafters and / or for assembling rafters between them. 28.- Frame according to claim 27 and comprising assembly devices according to claim 16, characterized in that the purlins are fixed to the rafters by means of attachment of these purlins to the sleeves enclosing the ends of the corresponding rafters . 29. Framework according to any one of claims 26 to 28, characterized in that the ends of the purlins rest on the edges of the rafters, two consecutive purlins, having the same direction, being offset with respect to each other . 30.- Framework according to claim 29, characterized in that it comprises means of ass-n _D lage hooks the ends of purlins with rafters. 31. Framework according to any one of claims 26 to 30, characterized in that at least one elongate element constituting the framework preserves an assembly end of concrete reinforced with metallic fibers or glass fibers.

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