EP0003063A2 - Procédé et appareil pour introduire un pieu dans le sol - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil pour introduire un pieu dans le sol Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0003063A2
EP0003063A2 EP78200092A EP78200092A EP0003063A2 EP 0003063 A2 EP0003063 A2 EP 0003063A2 EP 78200092 A EP78200092 A EP 78200092A EP 78200092 A EP78200092 A EP 78200092A EP 0003063 A2 EP0003063 A2 EP 0003063A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pile
sheath
ground
setting
foot
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP78200092A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0003063A3 (fr
Inventor
Tjako Aaldrik Wolters
Hendrik Den Ouden
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ballast Nedam NV
Original Assignee
Ballast Nedam Groep NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ballast Nedam Groep NV filed Critical Ballast Nedam Groep NV
Publication of EP0003063A2 publication Critical patent/EP0003063A2/fr
Publication of EP0003063A3 publication Critical patent/EP0003063A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
    • E02D7/20—Placing by pressure or pulling power

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of inserting a prefabricated pile into the ground, in which a shaft is formed in the ground by introducing a steel sheath into the ground, the prefabricated pile is slipped into the sheath and the sheath is removed from the shaft whilst leaving the pile in the ground.
  • the invention has for its object to improve the support of the pile, whilst by means of a comparatively light and readily maniable device the pile can be rapidly inserted into the ground without the risk of destruction of the pile.
  • the ground beneath the pile is consolidated by pressing down the pile, which sets off from the sheath to be held in the ground, the sheath being removed from the ground not until has the consolidation been achieved.
  • the invention furthermore relates to and improves a device for inserting a prefabricated pile into the ground by using the method in accordance with the invention, said device comprising a tubular sheath and a displaceable guide frame having driving means for introducing the sheath into the ground.
  • This device is characterized by setting-off means to be arranged between the pile and the sheath and by means for energizing said setting-off means in order to press down the pile during consolidation of the ground by setting off the pile against the sheath to be held in the ground and by means separated from the setting-off means for withdrawing the sheath from the ground.
  • the invention provides furthermore a pile inserted into the ground by the method according to the invention, said pile being characterized in that the pile is fixed in place with respect to the pile foot without the interposition of concrete locally shed in shaft by means of undeformable, interengaging contact surfaces between the pile foot and the pile.
  • a prefabricated pile 1, for example, of reinforced concrete is inserted into the ground 4.
  • a shaft 5 is formed in the ground 4 by introducing a steel sheath 3 into the ground 4.
  • First a pile 1 with an integral, conical pile foot 2 is inserted at the ground surface into the sheath 2.
  • the sheath 3 together with the pile insered into it is introduced in some way or other into the ground 4, after which the ground 29 beneath the pile 1 is consolidated by pressing down the pile 1 set off from the sheath 3 to be held in the ground 4, which can be performed by means of a hydraulic cylinder 96, the piston 97 of which excrts pressure on the head 135 of the pile 1, whilst the cylinder 96 is firmly secured to the sheath 3 by means of bolts 136.
  • a weight G for example, a ballast weight and/or the weight of a device for introducing the sheath 3 into the ground 4.
  • the sheath 3 is withdrawn from the shaft 5, whilst leaving the pile 1 in the ground 4.
  • the pile foot 2 and the sheath 3 - safeguarded against relative rotation - are preferably coupled with one another by coupling means 6.
  • the coupling means 6 may be formed by projecting steel wedges 7 embedded in the pile 1 at the foot 2, which snap into matching cavities 8 of the sheath 3, which are open on the bottom side.
  • the shaft 5 When the sheath 3 is removed, the shaft 5 is filled by earth or, if necessary, it is filled out from above with earth, concrete or similar filling material.
  • the sheath 3 can be introduced by exerting a downwardly directed pressure, whilst it is simultaneously rotated in a reciprocatory manner.
  • a pile 1 shown in Figures 1 and 2 is introduced into the ground 4 by screwing it together with the sheath 3 into the ground 4, the sheath 3 being pressed down and rotated.
  • the sheath 3 is provided throughout its length (see Figure 1) or only at the lower end (see Figure 3) with a screw 12 by which the sheath 3 is also screwed back upwardly, whilst the pile 1 is left in the ground 4.
  • the pile 1 of Figure 4 has a screw 13 integral with the pile foot 2 having a pitch z, which is equal to the pitch y of the screw 12.
  • a sheath 3 without a pile 1 but together with a pile foot 2, for example, of steel is screwed into the ground 4 ( Figure 5).
  • the pile 1 with a cylindrical extension 14 is lowered in the sheath 3, the extension 14 penetrating into a matching cavity 15 of the pile foot 2.
  • the pile 1 is fixed in place with respect to the pile foot 2 without the interposition of concrete in the shaft 5 by means of undeformable contact surfaces of the extension 14 and the cavity 15 interengaging between the pile foot 2 and the pile 1.
  • the extension 14 may be coated previously with a glue, cement or a similar solid adhesive layer.
  • a shaft 5 is formed by screwing a sheath 3 with its open end into the ground 4 and by removing the earth 25 penetrating into the sheath 3 upwardly out of the sheath 3, for example, by means of a rotating driven worm conveyor 16 thus having an excavating effect.
  • the pile 1 with a pile foot 2 rigidly connected with the pile above_the ground or preferably formed integrally with the pile is lowered in the sheath 3.
  • the sheath 3 is pulled upwards.
  • the sheath 3 with a pile 1 arranged therein is screwed into the ground 29, whilst the pile foot 2 is secured to the lower end of the sheath 3 by means of screw bolts 137 having a predetermined common tensile strength.
  • the pile 1 is compressed by means of the hydraulic cylinder 96, which is firmly secured to the top end of the sheath 3.
  • the screw bolts 137 which together const tute a shear joint, break down, the pile 1 is compressed to a predetermined extent.
  • the pile 1 blows down on the ground 29, which is thus additionally consolidated, whilst the pile head 135 sets off against the sheath 3.
  • the set-off is improved by the inertia of the sheath 3 and any weight bearing on the same.
  • the ground 29 is first additionally consolidated with a constant pressure by a small cylinder 143, to which fluid is fed from a pump 139 through an opened valve 140 and a central feeding tube 145 passed through a large cylinder 144.
  • the piston 146 engages the steel, tubular pile 1 by way of a cap 147.
  • the cap 147 is connected with the cylinder 143 by means of slack tensile springs 148.
  • the small cylinder 143 is rigidly secured to the large cylinder 144, a differential piston 149 of which around the feeding tube 145 also extends into the small cylinder 143.
  • the chamber 150 of the cylinder 144 communicates through a rotary gland 152, a spacious feeding duct 151 and a valve 141 with a pressure vessel 142, which is pressurized through a freely movable piston 153 with fluid from a pump 154.
  • a pawl 157 is removed by means of a lever 156, as a result of which the valve 141 is abruptly opened, since its flap 158 is blown away by the air against the slack spring 159.
  • a funnel 160 is arranged for receiving earth 161 when the sheath 3 is screwed into the ground 4 with a higher speed than is required for screwing the sheath 3 into the ground 4 in relation to the pitch of the helix 12.
  • the helix 12 then operates as a worm conveyor, which transports loose earth into the funnel 160.
  • a lifting implement 36 deposits each pile 1 on a sequence of rollers 33 of a pile inserting device 34.
  • a sheath 3 being located in line on stationary supports 35 of the pile inserting device 34, the pile 1 is slipped in a lying state into the sheath 3 with the aid of a driving carriage 37, which by means of a control-member 38 sets control-slides 39 in a position in which the hydraulic cylinder 40 supporting each time a roller 33 is lowered for allowing a pile foot 2 integral with the-pile 1 to pass.
  • the pile foot 2 hits the lower end of the sheath 3
  • the pile 1 is clamped tight to the sheath 3 by means of the clamping device 41 of Figures 12, 16 and 17.
  • the clamping device 41 comprises three wedges 42, each of which is drawn by means of a hydraulic cylinder 43 into a clamping position and pushed out of said clamping position by springs 44, when the cylinders 43 are de-energized, each wedge being then conducted away from the pile 1 by means of an elongated member 46 fastened to the wedge along a pin 45 of a sliding guide 47.
  • the sheath 3 with the pile 1 slipped into and clamped tight in it is deposited by means of the lifting carriage 36 on a carriage-48, conveyed to the locations 30 and lifted by means of hoisting cables 49 from the screwing implement 31 into a vertical position and disposed along a stay frame 50 having rails 51, the sheath 3 being inserted into a support 52, which is passed by guide members 53 along the rails 51.
  • An electric motor 59 drives a gear wheel 61 with high power along a vertical toothed rack 62, whilst a further electric motor 63 actuates the rotation of said helical wheel 66 through a helical wheel 64.
  • the speed of the electric motor 63 and hence the rotational speed of the sheath 3 is measured by means of a speedometer 67, whereas the speed of the motor 59 and hence the vertical speed of the sheath 3 is measured by means of a speedometer 68.
  • the speedometers 67 and 68 apply a signal 69 and 70 respectively to a comparator 71 and 72 respectively both being adjusted by a common setting member 65 and each controlling a control-member 73 and 74 respectively for governing the electric motors 63 and 59 respectively.
  • the power of the motors 63 and 59 is so high that the vertical load on the sheath 3 overcomes the sum of the sheath friction and the resistance of the pile foot.
  • the screwing implement 31 shown in Figures 25 to 27 comprises a hydraulic worm device 76 having two clamps 77T and 77R engaging the sheath 3, each of which is provided with a hydraulic cylinder 78T and 78R respectively for energizing the clamping jaws 79T and 79R respectively, which engage the sheath 3.
  • the clamps 77T and 77R are vertically displaceable with respect to a turntable 89 by means of hydraulic cylinders 81T and 81R respectively.
  • an electric motor 82 drives the identical pumps 85T, 85R and 86 through a driving gear 83 and a common driving shaft 84.
  • the pump 86 drives the turntable 89, which is journalled in the frame 80 so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis 90. Furthermore an electric motor 94 drives a pump 93 for energizing the hydraulic cylinders 78T and 78R.
  • Each pump 85T, 86, 85R and 93 is provided with a control-slide 91T, 92, 91R and 95 respectively, each of which is attracted towards the relay concerned by the energization of the relays 101 to 114.
  • FIG 31 shows a different clamp 77, each hydraulic cylinder 81 being linked to a chain 98, which is stretched by means of a hydraulic cylinder 78 setting off from the other hydraulic cylinder 81.
  • the screwing implement 31 of Figure 32 differs from the screwing implements 31 described above in that it comprises a boom 120 adapted to pivot upwards about a shaft 99 by means of a hoisting cable 100, said boom having two clamps 121, each of which comprises a stationary clamping jaw 122 and two pivotable clamping jaws 123.
  • the empty sheath 3 is replaced by the pivotal movement of the clamps 121 in the direction of the arrow 124 about the boom 120 by a sheath 3 filled with a pile 1.
  • the sheath 3 of Figure 34 is disengaged by the clamping jaw 123 pivoting in the direction of the arrow 125, after which, as shown in Figure 35, the boom 120 swings down in the direction of the arrow 126, whilst in addition the clamps 121 turn in the direction of the arrow 127.
  • the empty sheath 3 is deposited on a carriage 128, whilst a sheath 3 filled with a pile 1 is removed therefrom by a pivotal movement of the clamping jaws 123 in the direction of the arrows 129 and 130 respectively, after which the boom 120 is again lifted in the direction of the arrow-131 and turned in the direction of the arrow 132 against an empty sheath 3 shown in Figure 37, when it is screwed out of the ground 4. Then the next cycle of Figure 33 starts. In this method the time of replacement of an empty sheath 3 by a filled one is very short. Thus the high power and the means required thereto for screwing the sheath 3 into and out of the ground 4 within a short time can be utilized effectively.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
EP78200092A 1978-01-06 1978-07-10 Procédé et appareil pour introduire un pieu dans le sol Withdrawn EP0003063A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL7800182 1978-01-06
NL7800182A NL7800182A (nl) 1978-01-06 1978-01-06 Werkwijze voor het in de grond brengen van een betonnen paal.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0003063A2 true EP0003063A2 (fr) 1979-07-25
EP0003063A3 EP0003063A3 (fr) 1979-08-22

Family

ID=19830103

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP78200092A Withdrawn EP0003063A3 (fr) 1978-01-06 1978-07-10 Procédé et appareil pour introduire un pieu dans le sol

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0003063A3 (fr)
BE (1) BE42T2 (fr)
NL (1) NL7800182A (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0337475A2 (fr) * 1988-04-15 1989-10-18 V-Pile Technology (Luxembourg) S.A. Installation de fonçage de pieux
US5161625A (en) * 1988-04-15 1992-11-10 V-Pile Technology Luxembourg Pile driving apparatus
EP0687777A1 (fr) * 1994-06-16 1995-12-20 Heiwerken P. van 't Wout Waddinxveen B.V. Procédé pour la mise en place d'un pieu en béton, monte dans le sol
USRE35165E (en) * 1988-04-15 1996-03-05 V-Pile Technology Luxembourg Pile driving apparatus
GB2331318A (en) * 1997-11-13 1999-05-19 Kvaerner Cementation Found Ltd Improved methods and apparatus for boring and piling
GB2354276A (en) * 1997-11-13 2001-03-21 Kvaerner Cementation Found Ltd Method of forming cast-in-situ pile with enlarged base
WO2017127572A1 (fr) 2016-01-21 2017-07-27 3M Innovative Properties Company Traitement additif de fluoropolymères

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE392038A (fr) *
FR435154A (fr) * 1910-12-16 1912-02-23 Armand Gabriel Considere Procédé et appareils pour l'enfoncement des pieux en terrains mous
US1778925A (en) * 1927-10-27 1930-10-21 Joseph H Thornley Cast-in-place pile
US2555951A (en) * 1947-01-09 1951-06-05 Allard Pierre Jean Ma Theodore Method for constructing piles or piers for foundations
GB706239A (en) * 1951-05-02 1954-03-24 Hattum En Blankevoort N V Van A method of introducing piles into the ground as well as of ascertaining the carrying capacity of said piles

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE392038A (fr) *
FR435154A (fr) * 1910-12-16 1912-02-23 Armand Gabriel Considere Procédé et appareils pour l'enfoncement des pieux en terrains mous
US1778925A (en) * 1927-10-27 1930-10-21 Joseph H Thornley Cast-in-place pile
US2555951A (en) * 1947-01-09 1951-06-05 Allard Pierre Jean Ma Theodore Method for constructing piles or piers for foundations
GB706239A (en) * 1951-05-02 1954-03-24 Hattum En Blankevoort N V Van A method of introducing piles into the ground as well as of ascertaining the carrying capacity of said piles

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0337475A2 (fr) * 1988-04-15 1989-10-18 V-Pile Technology (Luxembourg) S.A. Installation de fonçage de pieux
EP0337475A3 (en) * 1988-04-15 1990-04-25 Sawadi Exports Pte Ltd. Pile driving apparatus
US5161625A (en) * 1988-04-15 1992-11-10 V-Pile Technology Luxembourg Pile driving apparatus
USRE35165E (en) * 1988-04-15 1996-03-05 V-Pile Technology Luxembourg Pile driving apparatus
EP0687777A1 (fr) * 1994-06-16 1995-12-20 Heiwerken P. van 't Wout Waddinxveen B.V. Procédé pour la mise en place d'un pieu en béton, monte dans le sol
NL9400987A (nl) * 1994-06-16 1996-02-01 Heiwerken P Van T Wout Waddinx Werkwijze voor het aanbrengen van betonnen heipalen in de bodem.
GB2331318A (en) * 1997-11-13 1999-05-19 Kvaerner Cementation Found Ltd Improved methods and apparatus for boring and piling
GB2354276A (en) * 1997-11-13 2001-03-21 Kvaerner Cementation Found Ltd Method of forming cast-in-situ pile with enlarged base
GB2354276B (en) * 1997-11-13 2001-05-09 Kvaerner Cementation Found Ltd Improved methods and apparatus for boring and piling
GB2331318B (en) * 1997-11-13 2001-05-16 Kvaerner Cementation Found Ltd Improved methods and apparatus for boring and piling
US6402432B1 (en) 1997-11-13 2002-06-11 Kvaerner Cementation Foundations Limited Method for installing load bearing piles utilizing a tool with blade means
WO2017127572A1 (fr) 2016-01-21 2017-07-27 3M Innovative Properties Company Traitement additif de fluoropolymères
US11148361B2 (en) 2016-01-21 2021-10-19 3M Innovative Properties Company Additive processing of fluoroelastomers
US11179886B2 (en) 2016-01-21 2021-11-23 3M Innovative Properties Company Additive processing of fluoropolymers
US11230053B2 (en) 2016-01-21 2022-01-25 3M Innovative Properties Company Additive processing of fluoropolymers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL7800182A (nl) 1979-07-10
EP0003063A3 (fr) 1979-08-22
BE42T2 (nl) 1980-02-29

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Inventor name: WOLTERS, TJAKO AALDRIK

Inventor name: DEN OUDEN, HENDRIK