EP0000875B1 - Hemostatic clip applicator - Google Patents

Hemostatic clip applicator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0000875B1
EP0000875B1 EP78100548A EP78100548A EP0000875B1 EP 0000875 B1 EP0000875 B1 EP 0000875B1 EP 78100548 A EP78100548 A EP 78100548A EP 78100548 A EP78100548 A EP 78100548A EP 0000875 B1 EP0000875 B1 EP 0000875B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
clip
magazine
coupled
clips
forward movement
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP78100548A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0000875A1 (en
Inventor
Charles H. Klieman
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for ligaturing or otherwise compressing tubular parts of the body, e.g. blood vessels or umbilical cord
    • A61B17/128—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for ligaturing or otherwise compressing tubular parts of the body, e.g. blood vessels or umbilical cord for applying or removing clamps or clips

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of devices useful in the application of hemostatic clips, and more specifically, to devices for the application of hemostatic clips used in the strangulation of blood vessels and other fluid ducts.
  • Wood U.S. Patent No. 3,326,216.
  • the Wood device consists of a hemostat-like instrument which has finger loop portions coupled to jaw portions. The jaw portions are adapted to hold a hemostatic clip therebetween so that the clip may be closed about a vessel by bringing the finger loops together.
  • Wood also discloses a separate cartridge which holds a plurality of clips. When the Wood device is to be used, the jaw portions are placed about one clip contained in the cartridge, and the clip is removed from the cartridge by the engagement of the clip by the jaw portions. When the clip has been used, a new clip may be placed in the device by returning to the clip cartridge and inserting a new clip. Two problems are apparent with the Wood device.
  • the hemostatic clips are not automatically fed into the jaws of the device, but must be individually placed there. This procedure is time consuming and cumbersome.
  • the Wood device is capable of expanding its jaws wider than the width of a clip contained therein. Thus, a clip may be accidently dropped from the device causing a great deal of inconvenience and delay.
  • Miles discloses a surgical stapling device which consists of finger loops coupled to a pair of arms which terminate in jaw portions, the jaw portions being adapted to grasp and hold a tubular member.
  • the device also has a magazine for holding a plurality of clips along the length of one arm, and manually operable clip ejector means for placing a clip about the tubular member which is to be closed.
  • the tubular member is first grasped and held by the jaw portions of the Miles device. The surgeon then places his index finger on a button attached to the clip ejector.
  • the clip ejector By urging the button forward, the clip ejector places a clip about the tubular member. Then, the clip may be deformed about the blood vessel by bringing the pair of finger loops together.
  • An obvious disadvantage of the Miles device is that it is cumbersome, in that the surgeon must manually move a clip between the jaws of the device while holding the device steady so as not to loose the grasp of the tubular member. Also, as the clips are used from the cartridge, the button moves farther forward so that it becomes more and more difficult to reach. Furthermore, this procedure is time consuming in that each individual clip must be manually fed between the jaws of the stapling device. Finally, the construction of the Miles device, particularly in the jaw portions, provides poor visability to the surgeon since the thickness of the device obscures the vessels which are to be closed.
  • DeCarlo U.S. Patent No. 3,740,944.
  • DeCarlo discloses a gun-like device for suturing and severing blood vessels in a three stage procedure. First, jaws of the device are closed about the blood vessel by the actuation of the gun-like trigger mechanism. Second, a pair of pushers .extend through the device and come forward to crimp a pair of clips, brought from an internal magazine, about the vessel in two spaced locations. Third, a blade comes forward from the device upon further actuation of the gun-like handles and severs the blood vessel between the two clip locations.
  • the internal clip magazine of the Decarlo, device uses a pair of leaf spring assemblies to index a plurality of pairs of hemostatic clips.
  • the clips are stored in a pair of index guide rails where they are moved forward in unison by opposing lead spring assemblies.
  • One leaf spring assembly is attached to the moveable main body portion while the opposing leaf spring assembly is affixed to one guide rail.
  • the leaf spring assembly attached to the main body moves forward and contacts portions of the clips contained within the magazine. Further movement of the main body portion moves individual clips along the index guide rail and ultimately ejects a pair of clips.
  • the main body portion begins to return to its original static position.
  • DeCarlo device due to the three stage operation, the device is necessarily bulky. This is a major disadvantage in that many surgical procedures require severence and closure of blood vessels in very limited areas so that a bulky instrument may not be able to reach the required vessel. The bulkiness of the device also creates a further disadvantage in that it produces a lack of visibility for the surgeon. Thus, the very vessel that is to be severed and closed may be obscured since the surgeon may not be able to see around the device. A further disadvantage stems from the fact that the DeCarlo device does not adapt to the application of a single clip, but only applies a pair of clips to the vessel to be closed. In a great many surgical procedures, only the application of one clip is desired while the application of two clips would only complicate the severance procedure.
  • a hemostatic clip applicator device useful for rapidly and automatically applying clips for the strangulation of blood vessels and the like has a clip magazine means coupled to the exterior of a main body, the clip magazine means being adapted to hold a plurality of hemostatic clips. Attached to one end of the main body is a clip deforming means adapted to hold and crimp a hemostatic clip about a blood vessel. Slideably disposed within the clip magazine means is a clip feed means which is adapted to move clips from the magazine means to the clip deforming means. Coupled to the clip feed means and the clip deforming means are actuating means.
  • a hemostatic clip is moved from the clip magazine means to the clip deforming means and there crimped about a blood vessel or the like.
  • This sequence of feeding clips to the clip deforming means and crimping them therein, may be repeated until the plurality of clips located in the clip magazine means is depleted.
  • the applicator device is simply yet effectively designed so that it can be manufactured and sold at a relatively low cost. Such low cost allows the device to be used once and then disposed of.
  • a hemostatic clip applicator device which is useful in rapidly applying a hemostatic clip about blood vessels and other fluid ducts.
  • the hemostatic clip applying device 2 of the present invention is shown in its static configuration.
  • Clip applying device 2 has an actuating means comprised of an upper handle portion and a lower handle portion.
  • the upper handle portion is comprised of upper finger loop 4, and upper finger loop member 5, while the lower handle portion is comprised of lower finger loop 6 and lower finger loop member 7.
  • upper finger loop 4 may be brought to its forward position 8, while lower finger loop 6 may be moved to an inward position 10.
  • Upper finger loop 4 and upper finger loop member 5 pivot about upper finger loop pivot 12.
  • Upper finger loop member 5 is coupled to clip feed blade 18 by feed blade pivot 17.
  • clip feed blade 18 is a clip feed means which in the presently preferred embodiment is a blade member adapted to slide through clip magazine means 102 and into the forward portions of device 2 by the forward movement of upper finger loop 4. Upper finger loop 4 will continue to move clip feed blade 18 through clip magazine 102 until feed blade pivot 17 abuts stop means 21. Disposed within clip magazine means 102 are a plurality of hemostatic clips 37, and magazine 102 is adapted such that the individual clips are available to be moved forward by clip feed blade 18. Guide spring means 100 aids the movement of a clip from magazine 102.
  • a clip deforming means adapted to deform a hemostatic clip about a blood vessel or the like.
  • the clip deforming means is comprised of upper jaw portion 32 and lower jaw portion 34.
  • Upper jaw portion 32 is fixedly coupled to lower finger loop member 7 and pivotally coupled to main body 20 by upper jaw pivot 36, while lower jaw portion 34 is fixedly coupled to main body 20.
  • safety ratchet 104 in combination with spring 106 and teeth 108 ensures that a clip is fed fully into jaw portions 32 and 34.
  • clip applying device 2 is fully functional, in an alternate embodiment, without saftey ratchet 104, spring 106 and teeth 108.
  • FIGURE 2 illustrates the jaw portions 32 and 34 as they are closed about a deformed clip 38. This configuration would have resulted from the feeding of a clip into the jaw portions 32 and 34 by the forward movement of upper finger loop 4, followed by the rearward movement of upper finger loop 4 and then the inward movement of lower finger loop 6. It may be noted that rearward movement of upper finger loop 4 has caused feed blade 18 to return to its unactuated position, thus exiting jaw portions 32 and 34, so that the jaw portions are free to close about a clip.
  • FIGURE 2 also illustrates guide spring means 100 as it is coupled to main body 20 and overlapping magazine 102.
  • FIGURE 3 is an upside down view of the reverse side of clip applying device 2. Shown in this view is the relationship of lower finger loop 6 and lower finger loop member 7 with main body 20 and upper jaw portion 32. Lower finger loop member 7 is fixedly secured to upper jaw portion 32 while the combination of member 7 and jaw portion 32 are pivotally coupled to main body 20 by upper jaw pivot 36. It can be seen that maximum outward travel of lower finger loop 6, and thus the maximum expansion of upper jaw portion 32, is limited by the abutment of lower finger loop tab portion 9 with main body 20. Also shown in FIGURE 3 is first spring means 14 which is coupled to main body 20 at upper finger loop pivot 12 and which is configured to urge feed blade pivot 17, and thus clip feed blade 18, rearward. Second spring means 22 is coupled to main body 20 by rivets 23 and adapted to urge lower finger loop 6 outward to its static position.
  • FIGURE 4 is a top view of clip applying device 2. Illustrated here is the relationship between main body 20, lower finger loop member 7 and upper jaw portion 32. It can be seen that lower finger loop member 7 is fixedly coupled to upper jaw portion 32 and lower finger loop 6, while the combination of member 7 and jaw portion 32 is pivotally coupled to main body 20 by upper jaw pivot 36. Thus, rotation of member 7 about pivot 36 by movement of lower finger loop 6 results in rotation of upper jaw 32 about pivot 36. Therefore, inward and outward movement of lower finger loop 6 will result in movement of upper jaw portion 32 toward and away from lower jaw portion 34. Also shown in FIGURE 4 is the curved configuration of upper jaw portion 32 and lower jaw portion 34.
  • FIGURE 4 Further illustrated in FIGURE 4 are top views of clip magazine 102, guide spring means 100, second spring means 22 with its rivets 23, along with ratchet spring 106 and ratchet teeth 108.
  • FIGURE 5 is a cross-sectional top view of the forward portion of clip applying device 2.
  • Clip magazine 102 comprised of magazine housing 114, is coupled to the main body 20 of clip applying device 2.
  • Longitudinally disposed within clip magazine 102 is clip feed blade 18, and ratchet blade 110.
  • Also disposed within clip magazine 102 are a plurality of hemostatic clips 37. It can be seen from FIGURE 5 that the forward movement of clip feed blade 18 through magazine 102 will move hemostatic clip 37' from its key position 125 through upper jaw portion groove 40 and ultimately to the extreme end of upper jaw 32.
  • jaw portions 32 and 34 are curved away from main body 20.
  • feed blade 18 must be configured so as to be capable of being moved forward through grooves 40 and 42 while simultaneously bending away from main body 20 in grooves 40 and 42.
  • this capability has been provided by constructing feed blade 18 of four layers of thin blades of metal in a laminated configuration. The four layers are only coupled at discrete points so that feed blade 18 is able to move longitudinally through main body 20 while curving around grooves 40 and 42 in jaw portions 32 and 34.
  • Guide spring means 100 is adapted to maintain clip 37' in its key position 125 until clip 37' is moved forward by feed blade 18.
  • leaf spring 112 is adapted to maintain the clip adjacent clip 37' in its proper position so that ultimately ratchet blade 110 will move clip 37 so as to replace clip 37'.
  • clip magazine 102 is comprised of a simply constructed housing 114 which, in the presently preferred embodiment, is spot-welded to main body 20.
  • This method of forming and attaching the magazine 102 allows housing 114 to be inexpensively stamped from stock material and then attached to the main body 20. In contrast to the machining of a similarly configured groove through main body 20, this method of attaching a pre-formed magazine housing is considerably less expensive.
  • FIGURE 6 is a side sectional view of the forward portion of clip applying device 2, with guide spring means 100 removed.
  • a plurality of hemostatic clips 37 are disposed within the housing 114 of clip magazine 102.
  • the forward portion of each clip 37 is abutted against the bail portion of the next succeeding clip 37.
  • the clips 37 are maintained in this configuration by the confinement of the inner walls of the clip magazine housing 114 and the surface of ratchet bar 110.
  • leaf spring 112 which is adapted to conform to the bail portion of clips 37 so that it can prevent the rearward movement of clip 37' when clip feed blade 18 moves in a rearward direction. It can also be seen in.
  • upper jaw portion 32 has a groove 40 and lower jaw portion 34 has a groove 42, each adapted to allow a clip 37 to slide therethrough.
  • upper jaw portion 32 and lower jaw portion 34 have ramp portions 116 configured to guide each clip 37 into grooves 40 and 42.
  • Guide spring means 100 has tab portions 101 configured to allow their coupling to main body 20.
  • Guide spring means 100 also has a forward portion 99 which is bent inward so as to hold clips 37 such that they may be fed forward by clip feed blade 18.
  • FIGURES 9 through 14 illustrate the progressive movement of clips 37 within clip magazine 102 and jaw portions 32 and 34.
  • FIGURE 9 is a top cross-sectional view of a portion of clip applying device 2 shown with upper finger loop member 5 and feed blade pivot 17 in its extreme retracted position. In this position clip feed blade 18 lies just behind clip 37' which clip is ready to be moved forward from key position 125 through jaw portions 32 and 34.
  • ratchet blade 110 is coupled to clip feed blade 18 by means of ratchet blade pin 109 which extends into slot 84 of feed blade 18. Because finger loop 5 is in its extreme retracted position, ratchet blade pin 109 is abutting the extreme left end of slot 84.
  • pawl 118 is disposed within clip housing 114 so as to abut the rearward most clip 37.
  • FIGURE 10 - is a side cross-sectional view of a portion of clip applying device 2 with finger loop member 5 also in its extreme retracted position.
  • clip feed blade 18 has a lost motion slot 84 wherein is disposed ratchet blade pin 109.
  • Pawl 118 is shown in its extreme rearward position having tab 120 located in one ratchet blade hole 111, and arm portions 122. The leading edge 124 of pawl 118 is configured so as to conform to the bail portion of clips 37.
  • pawl 118 is adapted to move clips 37 forward through magazine 102 when ratchet blade 110 is moved forward.
  • FIGURE 10 also illustrates leaf spring 112 which is adapted to prevent the rearward movement of clip 37'.
  • FIGURE 11 is a cross-sectional top view of a portion of clip applying device 2 when finger loop member 5 has been moved forward. It can be seen in FIGURE 11 that finger loop member 5 has been moved forward such that ratchet blade pin 109 has traversed the length of lost motion slot 84 of feed blade 18. Because ratchet blade pin 109 is configured so as to slide in slot 84, this forward motion of clip feed blade 18 has not produced forward movement of ratchet blade 110. Correspondingly, the lack of forward movement of ratchet blade 110 has resulted in the lack of forward movement of pawl 118 and the lack of forward movement of clips 37.
  • FIGURE 12 is a side cross-sectional view of a portion of clip applying device 2 illustrating the same amount of forward movement of finger loop member 5 as is illustrated in FIGURE 11. Ratchet blade pin 109 has thus traversed the length of lost motion slot 84 of clip feed blade 18. Because the forward movement of clip feed blade 18 has not resulted in forward movement of ratchet blade 110, clips 37 have remained stationary, while clip 37' has been moved forward by clip feed blade 18. It can be seen in FIGURE 12 that clip feed blade 18 has a forward portion 24 adapted to conform to the bail portion of clips 37. In the presently preferred embodiment, portion 24 is generally of a "V" configuration.
  • FIGURE 13 is a cross-sectional top view of a portion of clip applying device 2 wherein finger loop member 5 has been moved to its full forward position. Because previous forward movement of finger loop member 5 had brought about abutment of ratchet blade pin 109 with the end of lost motion slot 84, the further forward movement of finger loop member 5 has resulted in movement of ratchet blade 109 and thus, forward movement of pawl 118. The forward movement of pawl 118 has, in turn, caused forward movement of clips 37 disposed within magazine 102. In addition, the full forward movement of finger loop member 5 has caused clip feed blade 18 to travel through much of upper jaw portion 32 and lower jaw portion 34 and thereby place clip 37' at the extreme end of jaw portions 32 and 34. Thus, this full forward movement of finger loop member 5 has placed a clip in the loaded position in jaw portions 32 and 34 so that it is now ready to be placed about a blood vessel or the like.
  • FIGURE 14 is a cross-sectional side view of clip magazine 102 where, just as in FIGURE 13, finger loop member 5 has been brought to its' full forward position such that further forward movement is prevented.
  • ratchet blade pin 109 which is abutting the right most portion of lost motion slot 84, has now been moved forward by the forward movement of clip feed blade 18.
  • the forward movement of ratchet blade pin 109 has caused ratchet blade 110 to also move forward.
  • tab 120 of pawl 118 is disposed in one of the plurality of holes 111 of ratchet blade 110, the forward movement of ratchet blade 110 has resulted in the forward movement of pawl 118.
  • FIGURE 19 further illustrates the consequence of the full forward movement of finger loop member 5.
  • the forward movement of pawl 118 and clips 37 has now placed a new clip in key position 125.
  • the new clip 37 is held in key position 125 by guide spring means 100.
  • the full forward movement of finger loop member 5 has not only placed clip 37' in the extreme end of jaw portions 32 and 34, but has also resulted in the placement of a new clip 37 in the key position 125 so that it may be ready for later placement on jaw portions 32 and 34.
  • retraction of finger loop member 5 and the corresponding retraction of feed blade 18 will allow clip 37 in key position 125 to drop onto housing 114 when feed blade 18 has exited key position 125.
  • FIGURES 15a, b, c and d are illustrated the operation of safety ratchet 104.
  • upper finger loop member 5 in its extreme retracted position so that ratchet 104 with its teeth 108 are not in contact with ratchet spring 106.
  • initial forward movement of finger loop member 5 is unrestricted by ratchet 104.
  • finger loop member 5 has been moved forward such that teeth 108 of ratchet 104 are abutting ratchet spring 106.
  • FIGURE 15c the upper finger loop member 5 has been moved farther forward so that ratchet spring 106 is now disposed in teeth 108 of ratchet 104.
  • FIGURE 16 is a cross-sectional end view of clip applicating device 2 taken along line 16-16 of FIGURE 6.
  • upper jaw pivot 36 extends through lower finger loop member 7 which is adjacent main body 20.
  • guide spring means 100 with its tab portions 101 coupled to main body 20.
  • main housing 114 Disposed under guide spring means 100 is main housing 114, containing clips 37 and clip 37' in the key position 125.
  • clip applicating device 2 of the present invention provides an automatic feeding and crimping of hemostatic clips 37.
  • a clip is moved from an external magazine 102, and disposed in jaw portions 32 and 34 where it is deformed around a blood vessel or the like.
  • This process of inward and outward movement of finger loops 4 and 6 may be repeated rapidly, so that one vessel after another is closed by hemostatic clips 37, until the supply of clips in magazine 102 is depleted.
  • the clip applicating device 2 of the present invention provides the further advantage of high visibility to the user. Because the device 2 is of an extremely thin design, essentially the width of currently used hemostats and because jaw portions 32 and 34 are curved away from the main body 20, a surgeon using clip applying device 2 will have a clear view of the vessel he is closing and, in addition, will be able to reach remote and obscure regions for further vessel closure. In addition, clip applying device 2 is constructed so as to prevent a clip 37 from accidentally dropping from the device, thereby obviating a great deal of inconvenience and lost time. Furthermore, due to the extensive use of stamped parts, as opposed to machined parts, and due to the few number of moving parts, the clip applicating device 2 can be manufactured and sold relatively inexpensively. This inexpensive cost, in turn, allows the device to be pre- sterilized by the manufacturer so that it can be used once and then discarded.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Reproductive Health (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
EP78100548A 1977-08-05 1978-07-29 Hemostatic clip applicator Expired EP0000875B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US82207677A 1977-08-05 1977-08-05
US822076 1986-01-24

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0000875A1 EP0000875A1 (en) 1979-03-07
EP0000875B1 true EP0000875B1 (en) 1981-09-16

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EP78100548A Expired EP0000875B1 (en) 1977-08-05 1978-07-29 Hemostatic clip applicator

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US (1) US4325376A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP0000875B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5441587A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA1082552A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2861079D1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (7)

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FR2480593A1 (fr) * 1980-04-22 1981-10-23 Senco Products Instrument a ligaturer
FR2494108A1 (fr) * 1980-11-19 1982-05-21 Ethicon Inc Applicateur de pinces hemostatiques a repetition
EP0089737A1 (en) * 1982-02-05 1983-09-28 Ethicon, Inc. Ligating clip cartridge
EP0090484A1 (en) * 1982-02-05 1983-10-05 Ethicon, Inc. Multiple ligating clip applier instrument
EP0086721A3 (en) * 1982-02-17 1984-03-28 United States Surgical Corporation Apparatus for applying surgical clips
FR2534802A1 (fr) * 1982-10-20 1984-04-27 Senco Products Instrument de ligature chirurgical
EP0112980A3 (en) * 1982-10-06 1986-03-26 Charles H. Klieman Improved spring activated hemostatic clip applicator

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0000875A1 (en) 1979-03-07
JPS5441587A (en) 1979-04-02
JPH0257935B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1990-12-06
DE2861079D1 (en) 1981-12-03
US4325376A (en) 1982-04-20
CA1082552A (en) 1980-07-29

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