EP0000460B1 - Katalysatoren auf der Basis von Silber und ihre Verwendung zur Herstellung von Olefinoxiden - Google Patents
Katalysatoren auf der Basis von Silber und ihre Verwendung zur Herstellung von Olefinoxiden Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0000460B1 EP0000460B1 EP78400048A EP78400048A EP0000460B1 EP 0000460 B1 EP0000460 B1 EP 0000460B1 EP 78400048 A EP78400048 A EP 78400048A EP 78400048 A EP78400048 A EP 78400048A EP 0000460 B1 EP0000460 B1 EP 0000460B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- silver
- catalyst
- graphite
- ethylene
- oxygen
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 52
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 16
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 16
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 title claims description 16
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 title description 3
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000008246 gaseous mixture Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 150000002924 oxiranes Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 9
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- CQLFBEKRDQMJLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver acetate Chemical compound [Ag+].CC([O-])=O CQLFBEKRDQMJLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 229940071536 silver acetate Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052776 Thorium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006735 epoxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- -1 silicylate Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 229940100890 silver compound Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000003379 silver compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Formate Chemical compound [O-]C=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Glycolate Chemical compound OCC([O-])=O AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lactate Chemical compound CC(O)C([O-])=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-L Malonate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC([O-])=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OLBVUFHMDRJKTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[O] Chemical compound [N].[O] OLBVUFHMDRJKTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N acetaldehyde Chemical compound [14CH]([14CH3])=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- VWWMOACCGFHMEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicarbide(2-) Chemical compound [C-]#[C-] VWWMOACCGFHMEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001033 granulometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940049920 malate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L phthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008262 pumice Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003378 silver Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L succinate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCC([O-])=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940095064 tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002470 thermal conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D301/00—Preparation of oxiranes
- C07D301/02—Synthesis of the oxirane ring
- C07D301/03—Synthesis of the oxirane ring by oxidation of unsaturated compounds, or of mixtures of unsaturated and saturated compounds
- C07D301/04—Synthesis of the oxirane ring by oxidation of unsaturated compounds, or of mixtures of unsaturated and saturated compounds with air or molecular oxygen
- C07D301/08—Synthesis of the oxirane ring by oxidation of unsaturated compounds, or of mixtures of unsaturated and saturated compounds with air or molecular oxygen in the gaseous phase
- C07D301/10—Synthesis of the oxirane ring by oxidation of unsaturated compounds, or of mixtures of unsaturated and saturated compounds with air or molecular oxygen in the gaseous phase with catalysts containing silver or gold
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/48—Silver or gold
- B01J23/50—Silver
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/18—Carbon
-
- B01J35/40—
-
- B01J35/612—
-
- B01J35/633—
-
- B01J35/66—
Definitions
- the present invention relates to silver-based catalysts on a graphite support for the vapor phase epoxidation of olefins and more particularly for the production, by this technique, of ethylene oxide from ethylene and oxygen. molecular.
- ethylene oxide is carried out in the vapor phase, in tubular reactors with a fixed bed, by reaction of oxygen and ethylene on catalytic phases based on silver deposited on refractory supports. and inert formed mainly of alumina, silica-alumina, magnesia, pumice, zirconia, clay, ceramic, asbestos, natural or artificial zeolite or silicon carbide.
- the prior art generally prefers supports based on ⁇ alumina having a specific surface of less than a few m2 / g. This specific surface is determined by the nitrogen adsorption method, known as B.E.T. described by BRUNAUER, EMMET and TELLER in "The journal of the american chemical Society" vol.
- porous artificial graphites can be obtained in very different forms such as spheres, pellets, rings, cassons or extruded shapes.
- French patent n ° 1.079.601 does not specify any textural characteristic: granulometry, porosity, specific surface of the graphite used and in addition to a good absorption capacity the only quality required is limited to a perfect deburring of the solid.
- the catalysts of this patent were tested on loads of 1,100 to 1,200 kg and under these conditions the productivities obtained are low, less than 15 g of ethylene oxide per liter of catalyst per hour for tests at atmospheric pressure and of the order of 115 g for tests under 10 bars. The selectivities announced in the latter case are poor: 60 to 68%.
- German Patent No. 1,066,559 very briefly describes a single test in a reactor 3 m long and 25 mm in diameter.
- the artificial graphite used is not defined and the authors report low productivity accompanying poor selectivity not exceeding 55%.
- the silver compounds used can be either salts: nitrate, formate, lactate, citrate, carbonate, oxalate, silicylate, acetate, sulfate, propionate, maleate, malate, malonate, phthalate, tartrate, glycolate, succinate, oxide, hydroxide, acetylide or ketenide, either complexes of silver salts with nitrogenous molecules, ammonia, acrylonitrile, pyridine, ethanolamine, ethylene diamine, or with P-diketones.
- the main solvents or suspension liquids used are water, acetone, light alcohols, ether, pyridine, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol or chlorinated solvents.
- All the techniques which allow the passage of these compounds to the metal or to the oxide can be applied in the presence of graphite or of graphitized materials, for example precipitation, thermal decomposition in an inert, oxidizing or reducing atmosphere and chemical reduction.
- a particularly suitable treatment is thermal decomposition on the supports of silver acetate under the following conditions: thermal rise from 20 to 280 ° C at a rate of 20 ° C / hour followed by a plateau of 10 to 30 hours at 280-300 ° C, the entire operation being carried out with nitrogen sweeping with the possible addition of oxygen or hydrogen.
- the temperature of the oil bath of the evaporator is brought to 120 ° C. and the support is left to degas for one hour under a partial pressure of 100 mm of mercury. Under the same conditions of temperature and pressure, 200 ml of a pyridine solution at 5% by weight of silver acetate are then introduced dropwise over 3 hours. Under these conditions the evaporation of the solvent is instantaneous. After introduction of all of the solution, the impregnated and dried support is transferred to a tubular reactor to decompose, in a stream of nitrogen, the silver acetate according to the known reaction:
- this treatment is carried out with a temperature rise of 20 ° C / h up to a plateau of 18 hours at 270 ° C. Analysis indicates that the catalyst thus prepared contains 10% by weight of silver.
- the reactor Charged into a laboratory reactor working at atmospheric pressure 30 ml of catalyst prepared in Example No. 1.
- the reactor consists of a stainless steel tube 600 mm long and 16 mm inside diameter.
- the reagents are admitted from below and are preheated on a bed of 200 mm high porcelain rings, which also supports the catalyst charge.
- the whole is heated by an oil circulation in a double jacket.
- the gases entering and leaving the reactor are analyzed online using a double detection chromatograph: a flame ionization detector for ethylene oxide, methane, formaldehyde, propylene, propane, methanol and acetaldehyde, and a thermal conductivity detector for oxygen-nitrogen, carbon dioxide, ethylene and water.
- the two columns, 1/8 inch in diameter and 2.5 meters long, mounted in series, are filled one with chromosorb 101, the other with porapak Q.
- Example No. 3 a charge of 30 ml of catalyst prepared in Example No. 2 is introduced. After an activation treatment of 30 hours consisting in passing an air-mixture over the catalyst. ethylene 50% -50% at a temperature below 200 ° C, a gas stream of 14 liters / hour is introduced into the reactor consisting of a mixture of 14% ethylene, 4.6% oxygen, 81, 4 nitrogen and 200 ppb of 1,2-dichloroethane. After 60 hours under reagents, a conversion rate of ethylene of 7% is obtained at 230 ° C. with a selectivity to ethylene oxide of 70%.
- Example 2 30 ml of the catalyst prepared in Example 2 are loaded into a laboratory reactor operating under pressure and consisting essentially of a stainless steel tube 355 mm long and 16 mm in internal diameter, heated by a bath of molten nitrates .
- the reagents admitted from the bottom of the reactor are preheated on a 42 mm high porcelain filling.
- the analytical device is identical to that described in Example 3.
- a gas stream containing 13% ethylene, 5% oxygen and 82% nitrogen is passed over the catalyst, at a pressure of 20 bars, at a specific hourly flow rate of 9000 liters / hour normal per liter of catalyst.
- an ethylene conversion rate of 8.5% and a selectivity to ethylene oxide of 71% an ethylene oxide productivity of 139 g per hour and per liter of catalyst is obtained at 221 ° C.
- a catalyst is prepared with an artificial graphite of Le Carbone Lorraine origin, the characteristics of which are collated in Table No. 5 . Analysis indicates that the catalyst thus prepared contains 13% by weight of silver.
- a comparative example was carried out on a catalyst prepared according to the procedure described in Example 1, with an artificial graphite with a particle size of 4 to 5 mm and a total volume of low porosity formed only of pores with radii less than 6.6 microns.
- the characteristics of the graphite used are collated in Table No. 7. Analysis indicates a silver content of the catalyst of 11% by weight. 30 ml of this catalyst are loaded into the reactor described in Example No. 3. After activation treatment identical to that of Example No. 5, a gas flow rate of 14 liters / hour is formed at atmospheric pressure. of a mixture of 13% ethylene, 4.7% oxygen, 82.3% nitrogen and 600 ppb of 1,2-dichloroethane.
- a comparative example was carried out on a catalyst prepared, according to the procedure described in Example 1, with an artificial graphite with a particle size of 200 to 700 microns and a low volume of porosity.
- the characteristics of the graphite used are collated in Table No. 8. Analysis indicates a silver content of the catalyst of 11% by weight. 30 ml of this catalyst are loaded into the reactor described in Example No. 3. After an activation treatment of 50 hours with a 50% -50% air-ethylene mixture at a temperature of 175 to 215 ° C., introduced into the reactor a gas stream of 14 liters / hour formed of a mixture of 14% ethylene, 4.8% oxygen, 81.2% nitrogen and 200 ppb of 1,2-dichloroethane. The best results obtained are shown in Table 9.
- Example 8 30 ml of the catalyst prepared in Example 8 are loaded into the reactor described in Example 3.
- a selectivity to propylene oxide of 25.7% is obtained for an overall conversion of propylene of 1.1%.
- a comparative example was carried out on a catalyst with a silver content of 12.4%, prepared according to the procedure described in Example 1, with an artificial graphite in grains of diameter 400 to 500 millimicrons, with a specific surface of 10 m2 / g and total volume of porosity 0.085 cm3 / g.
- the specific surface of this catalyst is 7 m2 / g.
- a gas stream containing 5% ethylene, 5% oxygen and 90% nitrogen is passed over the catalyst at a pressure of 20 bars and at a temperature of 276 ° C. at a specific hourly flow rate of 9,000 1 / h / normal per liter of catalyst.
- the ethylene conversion rate is 4.7% and the selectivity for ethylene oxide is 36%, which shows that a specific surface area of the catalyst of less than 10 m2 / g is not a sufficient characteristic for that graphite is a good support for silver.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Epoxy Compounds (AREA)
Claims (6)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR7721118A FR2396588A1 (fr) | 1977-07-08 | 1977-07-08 | Catalyseurs a base d'argent pour la production d'oxyde d'olefines |
FR7721118 | 1977-07-08 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0000460A1 EP0000460A1 (de) | 1979-01-24 |
EP0000460B1 true EP0000460B1 (de) | 1981-11-04 |
Family
ID=9193164
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP78400048A Expired EP0000460B1 (de) | 1977-07-08 | 1978-07-03 | Katalysatoren auf der Basis von Silber und ihre Verwendung zur Herstellung von Olefinoxiden |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0000460B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPS5418493A (de) |
AT (1) | AT363098B (de) |
CA (1) | CA1110610A (de) |
DE (1) | DE2861279D1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK158774C (de) |
ES (1) | ES471577A1 (de) |
FR (1) | FR2396588A1 (de) |
IT (1) | IT1107804B (de) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1009437B (zh) * | 1988-02-03 | 1990-09-05 | 中国石油化工总公司 | 乙烯氧化制环氧乙烷高效银催化剂 |
WO1995014529A1 (fr) * | 1993-11-23 | 1995-06-01 | Institut Kataliza Imeni G.K.Boreskova Sibirskogo Otdelenia Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk | Compose poreux |
JP4665448B2 (ja) * | 2004-07-27 | 2011-04-06 | 戸田工業株式会社 | 脱塩素剤 |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3899445A (en) * | 1972-06-01 | 1975-08-12 | Toray Industries | Catalyst for oxidation of ethylene to ethylene oxide |
-
1977
- 1977-07-08 FR FR7721118A patent/FR2396588A1/fr active Granted
-
1978
- 1978-06-09 IT IT68356/78A patent/IT1107804B/it active
- 1978-07-03 EP EP78400048A patent/EP0000460B1/de not_active Expired
- 1978-07-03 DE DE7878400048T patent/DE2861279D1/de not_active Expired
- 1978-07-07 ES ES471577A patent/ES471577A1/es not_active Expired
- 1978-07-07 AT AT0494478A patent/AT363098B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-07-07 JP JP8214978A patent/JPS5418493A/ja active Granted
- 1978-07-07 DK DK306078A patent/DK158774C/da not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-07-07 CA CA307,018A patent/CA1110610A/fr not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES471577A1 (es) | 1979-10-01 |
JPS6136978B2 (de) | 1986-08-21 |
AT363098B (de) | 1981-07-10 |
JPS5418493A (en) | 1979-02-10 |
EP0000460A1 (de) | 1979-01-24 |
ATA494478A (de) | 1980-12-15 |
DK158774C (da) | 1990-12-24 |
FR2396588A1 (fr) | 1979-02-02 |
DK158774B (da) | 1990-07-16 |
FR2396588B1 (de) | 1983-01-28 |
DK306078A (da) | 1979-01-09 |
IT7868356A0 (it) | 1978-06-09 |
CA1110610A (fr) | 1981-10-13 |
DE2861279D1 (en) | 1982-01-14 |
IT1107804B (it) | 1985-12-02 |
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