EP0000456B1 - Giessform zum metallothermischen Schweissen von Werkstücken aus Metall - Google Patents

Giessform zum metallothermischen Schweissen von Werkstücken aus Metall Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0000456B1
EP0000456B1 EP78400034A EP78400034A EP0000456B1 EP 0000456 B1 EP0000456 B1 EP 0000456B1 EP 78400034 A EP78400034 A EP 78400034A EP 78400034 A EP78400034 A EP 78400034A EP 0000456 B1 EP0000456 B1 EP 0000456B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mould
mold
groove
projection
ridge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP78400034A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0000456A1 (de
Inventor
Patrick Bommart
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
C Delachaux SA
Original Assignee
C Delachaux SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR7721158A external-priority patent/FR2396620A1/fr
Priority claimed from FR7817030A external-priority patent/FR2427869A1/fr
Application filed by C Delachaux SA filed Critical C Delachaux SA
Publication of EP0000456A1 publication Critical patent/EP0000456A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0000456B1 publication Critical patent/EP0000456B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B11/00—Rail joints
    • E01B11/44—Non-dismountable rail joints; Welded joints
    • E01B11/52—Joints made by alumino-thermal welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/26—Railway- or like rails

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a mold for metallothermic, in particular aluminothermic, welding of metal parts.
  • This type of welding consists in assembling two metal parts of identical or relatively similar shapes by pouring a certain quantity of hot welding fluid around the butt ends to be welded.
  • a mold is used, generally in several parts, intended to surround the parts to be welded and provided with a casting cavity allowing the hot welding fluid to come into contact with the ends to be welded.
  • This type of welding is most often applied to the welding of metal profiles and in particular of railway rails.
  • the preparation of the hot welding fluid which is most often molten steel, is carried out by the reduction of iron oxides by aluminum.
  • This sealing is conventionally achieved by luting by means of a paste which is sufficiently refractory so as not to be destroyed by contact with the hot welding fluid.
  • This paste generally formed from silica sand and an agglomerating agent, for example clay and water or other additives, is deposited on the mold before or after its installation on the parts to be welded and before the pouring of hot welding fluid.
  • the invention aims to avoid the aforementioned drawbacks by providing a ready-to-use mold and automatically ensuring the desired tightness as soon as it is placed on the parts to be welded.
  • the invention relates more particularly to a multi-part mold intended for the metallothermic welding of two metal parts by providing around the ends of the parts to be welded a casting cavity intended to receive a certain quantity of hot welding fluid, in which one at least surfaces of the mold, intended to come into contact with a part to be welded or possibly with another part of the mold, comprises a projection having a side inclined towards the outside with respect to the casting cavity, said projection being provided with '' a sealing material, the essential characteristic of which resides in the fact that the sealing material is a seal formed by a ribbon of a compressible material with low loss on fire, one of the faces of which is bonded to said projection.
  • a material meeting these characteristics will advantageously be a felt of mineral origin, for example consisting of silicates such as alumina silicates optionally containing chromium oxides, magnesia silicates, double silicates, such as sodium silicates and iron of the chrosidolite type at 3% water of crystallization and silicates of magnesia and iron of the amosite type at 3% water of crystallization, etc.
  • silicates such as alumina silicates optionally containing chromium oxides, magnesia silicates, double silicates, such as sodium silicates and iron of the chrosidolite type at 3% water of crystallization and silicates of magnesia and iron of the amosite type at 3% water of crystallization, etc.
  • Such mineral felts release at high temperature only about 2 to 5% of their weight, while asbestos of the chrysolite type releases about 10 to 20%.
  • Felts of this type are commercially available and can be obtained from manufacturers such as Johns Manville, FERLAM, SEPR (European Society of Refractory Products).
  • the felts used in the molds of the invention must have a density of approximately 50 to 200 kg / m 3 and preferably approximately 100 to 200 kg / m 3 .
  • the tape is glued to the projection, either using organic glue or using mineral glue.
  • organic glue there is a glue ring on a portion of the projection located clearly outside 1 relative to the mold cavity, so as to prevent the glue from giving off gases in the casting cavity.
  • mineral glue a layer of glue can be deposited over the entire projection.
  • the face of the strip which is opposite to the face glued to the projection, is coated with a malleable metal sheet, for example an aluminum sheet.
  • a malleable metal sheet for example an aluminum sheet.
  • This sheet is preferably bonded to the opposite face of the ribbon, either by means of a layer of organic adhesive placed on a clearly external part of the opposite face with respect to the casting cavity, for the same reasons as above, either by means of a layer of mineral glue placed on the entire face of the ribbon.
  • mineral glue it is possible, for example, to use an adhesive for foundry cores such as the "CORSY 9A” adhesive from the company FOSECO * or the "K 3" adhesive from the company Boniface.
  • This metal sheet offers the triple advantage of ensuring the protection of the felt, of imparting rigidity to the joint and consequently of being able to preform it, and finally to prevent stuffing of the felt during the positioning of the mold, especially in the portions of parts to be welded parallel or slightly inclined with respect to the direction in which the mold is placed on the parts, which is important in the case of rails.
  • the present invention proposes in another embodiment a mold in which the parts of the mold are shaped so sealing between them, in the region above the casting cavity, without requiring the addition of sealing material.
  • This embodiment also offers the advantage of ensuring at the same time the positioning of the mold parts between them, while creating a vent for the evacuation of air at the time of casting.
  • the invention provides that the mold parts comprise, in their portions in contact with each other above the casting cavity, nestable surfaces ensuring the positioning and sealing of these portions therebetween.
  • each of the surfaces. nestable comprises a flat contact surface provided with a bead and a groove capable of cooperating respectively with a groove and a bead of the flat contact surface of another mold part.
  • the bead and the groove of a planar contact surface are preferably arranged symmetrically with respect to a central recess opening into the planar contact surface so that two identical mold parts can be associated by bead cooperation of the one with the groove on the other, and vice versa, the respective recesses together constituting a casting basin capable of directing the hot welding fluid into the casting cavity.
  • the mold of the invention can be used in the welding of any metal parts, it finds a particularly interesting application in the welding of railroad tracks.
  • FIG. 1 shows a mold 10 whose surface 12 intended to come into contact with the surface 14 of a metal piece to be welded (or of another part of the mold) 16 includes a projection 18 forming an integral part of the mold .
  • This projection 18 has a side 20 inclined at an angle a with respect to the surface 12.
  • the side 20 is inclined outwards relative to the casting cavity 22 (located to the right of the projection 18 in FIG. 1 ).
  • the angle a is an acute angle which may for example have a value of 10 °, although this value is not decisive.
  • a compressible felt tape with low fire loss 24 is glued by its face 26 to the inclined flank 20 of the projection 18 by means of a glue rod 28 disposed on a part of the flank 20 located clearly outside relative to to the cavity 22 of the mold.
  • a glue rod 28 disposed on a part of the flank 20 located clearly outside relative to to the cavity 22 of the mold.
  • an aluminum sheet 32 is glued on the face 30 of the tape opposite to the face 26 glued an aluminum sheet 32, of the same width as the felt tape, by means of a layer of adhesive 34 deposited clearly on the outside of the face 30 relative to to the casting cavity 22.
  • Figure 2 shows the partially compressed seal after clamping the mold 10 against the metal part (or the mold part) 16 and Figure 3 shows the same fully compressed seal after fully clamping the mold.
  • the strip 24 Due to the inclination of the side 20 of the projection 18, the strip 24 is more compressed on the side closest to the casting cavity 22 than on the side furthest from the casting cavity. Under such conditions, the force applied to the clamping acts essentially on a very small surface and therefore has a considerable clamping efficiency. In addition, the inclination of the flank 20 of the projection 18 contributes to preventing any evolution of gas in the casting cavity.
  • the felt tape it is not necessary for the felt tape to be compressed as much as possible, as shown in FIG. 3, to ensure sealing when a mold according to the invention is applied to parts whose profile does not have exactly the nominal dimensions for which the mold is intended. Indeed, certain zones of the felt tape will be very compressed and others less compressed, but, unless the profile of the parts to be welded does not largely go beyond the range of commercial tolerance of the type of profiles for which the mold is intended, these less compressed areas will still be compressed enough to ensure the required seal.
  • the mold of the invention finds a particularly advantageous application in the welding of railway rails as shown in FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 4 shows, in exploded perspective, two railway rails 36 and 38 intended to be welded by their respective ends by means of a casting mold comprising two identical side parts 40 and 42 and a sole 44.
  • the lateral parts 40 and 42 are intended to be applied on either side of the rails 36 and 38 by covering the ends to be welded.
  • the sole 44 is intended to be applied under the rails 36 and 38 and under the lateral parts 40 and 42 of the mold.
  • the mold parts 40 and 42 have a profile corresponding to that of the rails so as to follow its shape.
  • the mold parts 40 and 42 have respective recesses 46 and 48 able to form, once the mold parts 40 and 42 joined, a funnel capable of bringing the hot welding fluid into the intermediate space between the two rails.
  • the recess 46 is extended by a recess 50 facilitating access to the hot welding fluid at the bottom of the mold.
  • the recess 48 of the mold part 42 is extended by a similar recess (not visible in FIG. 4).
  • the sole 44 has a recess 52 promoting the arrival of the hot welding fluid under the two rails at the junction of their ends.
  • the mold parts 40 and 42 are moreover provided with ascent pipes 54 and 56, respectively, making it possible to expel outward the air which is trapped in the mold as the hot welding fluid is poured.
  • the aforementioned recesses of the mold parts 40 and 42 and of the sole 44 constitute the casting cavity which has been referred to above.
  • seals such as that described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3, that is to say a seal formed from a felt tape. coated with aluminum foil and glued to a projection on the side inclined towards the outside with respect to the casting cavity.
  • the mold part 40 is provided, on its surface intended to come into contact with the two rails 36 and 38 and with the mold part 42, with a seal 58 and a seal 60 arranged respectively on either side of the casting cavity.
  • the seal 58 is bonded to a projection having a side inclined towards the outside with respect to the recesses 46 and 50, along the entire height of the side of the abovementioned contact surface which appears on the left in FIG. 4.
  • the seal 60 is bonded , on a projection having a side inclined towards the outside with respect to the recess 50, along a height on the side of the aforementioned contact surface, appearing on the right in FIG. 4, which corresponds to the portion of said surface coming to be applied on the rail 38.
  • the upper end of the seal 60 is ends with an extension 62 protruding from the projection on which it is glued and having for example a length of 5 to 10 mm, which is intended to prevent any risk of leakage of the welding fluid at the junction of the two mold parts 40 and 42 above the rail 38.
  • the lower ends of the seals 58 and 60 end in similar extensions (not visible in FIG. 4) intended to prevent any risk of leakage of the welding fluid at the junction of the mold part 40 with sole 44.
  • the seal 60 of the mold part 40 ends at its upper end by the above-mentioned extension 62 and at its lower end by an extension 66.
  • the mold part 42 is equipped with two similar seals of which only the upper end of the seal 64 (which is the counterpart of the seal 58 of the mold part 40) is visible in FIG. 4.
  • the upper ends of the seals 58 and 64 do not have any extensions since sealing at this point in the mold is not essential.
  • the upper part of the seal 64 seals with the upper part of the contact surface of the mold part 40 which is not provided with joint and that it is the same for the upper part of the joint 58 of the mold part 40.
  • the sole 44 is coated with a seal 66 ′ affecting the shape of a rectangular frame, obtainable for example by die cutting, surrounding the recess 52.
  • the seal 66 ′ is glued to a rectangular perimeter projection which has a side inclined towards the outside with respect to the recess 52.
  • seals bonded to the various parts of the molds according to the invention will advantageously be installed in the factory after manufacture of the molds so as to avoid having to glue the seals on the site immediately before the welding operation.
  • the mold shown in FIG. 6 consists of two identical side half-molds 110 and 110 ′ and a sole 112 and is intended to be used in the metallothermic welding of two end pieces of railway rails.
  • the half-molds 110 and 110 ′ are intended to be applied on either side of the rails by covering the butt ends to be welded and have an internal profile corresponding to a half rail profile.
  • the sole 112 is intended to be applied under the rails and under the half-molds 110 and 110 '.
  • the seal around the butt ends to be welded, in the region of the casting cavity, is ensured by bonding a seal formed by a ribbon of a compressible material with low fire loss, as described above.
  • the half-mold 110 (see FIG. 7) has on its face intended to come into contact with the half-profiles of the rails to be welded two projections 114 and 116 respectively disposed on either side of a recess 118, intended to constitute the casting cavity with the corresponding recess of the half-mold 110 '.
  • the two projections 114 and 116 each have a side inclined at an angle a towards the outside with respect to the recess 118 and are intended to receive by bonding a seal.
  • a seal is also bonded to the floor 112 around the casting cavity.
  • the half-molds 110 and 110 ' are in contact with each other by respective planar surfaces 120 and 120' which are provided with reliefs allowing their nesting to ensure both the positioning of the two half-molds 110 and 110 'and their sealing in the region of the contact surfaces 120 and 120'.
  • the reliefs of the surface 120 include a bead 122 and a groove 124 able to cooperate respectively with the groove 124 'and the bead 122' corresponding to the surface 120 'of the half-mold 110'.
  • the bead 122 and the groove 124 are arranged symmetrically with respect to a recess 126 so that when the two half-molds are joined, the recess 126 forms with the recess 126 'corresponding a pouring basin communicating with the cavity casting through a chamber formed by two recesses 128 and 128 '.
  • This pouring basin can be provided with a central orifice provided with a removable pouring plug which can be removed to allow the passage of a torch in the case where a welding is carried out with preheating.
  • the bead 122 and the groove 124 have a general shape consisting of two linear segments forming an angle between them.
  • the groove 124 opens on the one hand into the recess 128 and on the other hand into the upper face 182 of the half-mold 110.
  • the depth of the groove 124 is greater than the height of the bead 122 to allow forming , when the half-molds are combined, a vent 132 and a vent 132 '(see FIG. 8) allowing the evacuation of air at the time of the pouring of the welding fluid.
  • the half-mold 110 further comprises a riser pipe formed by a cylindrical duct of small diameter 132 opening into a cylindrical duct of larger diameter 136 which serves as a receptacle for the excess of the welding fluid which previously heated the two end of rails.
  • the half-molds 110 and 110 ' are wider at the contact surfaces 120 and 120' to allow better contact between these two half-molds.
  • FIG. 9 shows the inner face of a half-mold 138, the upper part of which is similar to that of the half-mold 110 of FIG. 7 and the lower part of which is shaped so as to provide sealing by luting.
  • the inner face of the half-mold 138 has a flat surface 140 provided with a bead 142 and a groove 144 produced as indicated above with reference to FIGS. 6 to 8.
  • this inner face has two protrusions 146 and 148 arranged on either side of a recess 150 intended to constitute the casting cavity with the corresponding recess of an identical half-mold.
  • These two protrusions 146 and 148 have a contour corresponding to that of a half-profile of the rail and are provided with grooves 152 and 154 respectively intended for the application of lute paste.
  • the various parts of the molds of the invention are produced conventionally from a mixture based on agglomerated and hardened sand.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
  • Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)
  • Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Gasket Seals (AREA)

Claims (5)

1. Mehrteilige Form, die zum Metallthermitschmelzschweißen zweier Metallstücke bestimmt ist, indem man um die Enden der zu verschweißenden Stücke einen Gußhohlraum vorsieht, der dazu bestimmt ist, eine gewisse Menge an heißem Schweißmittel aufzunehmen und bei der wenigstens eine der Formflächen, die in Berührung mit einem zu schweißenden Stück oder eventuell in Berührung mit einem anderen Teil der Form kommen sollen, eine Erhebung (18) trägt, die eine hinsichtlich des Gußhohlraums (22) nach außen geneigte Flanke (20) hat, wobei diese Erhebung 18 mit einer Dichtungsmasse versehen ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Dichtungsmasse ein Dichtungsring (24) ist, der aus einem Streifen eines kompressiblen, glühve'rlustarmen Materials, insbesondere aus einem Filz anorganischen Ursprungs besteht, dessen eine Fläche (26) auf dieser Erhebung (18) aufgebracht ist.
2. Form nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fläche (30) des Streifens, die der auf der Erhebung (18) aufgebrachten Fläche (26) gegenüberliegt, mit einer formbaren Metallfolie (32), insbesondere einer Aluminiumfolie, überzogen ist, die auf dieser gegenüberliegenden Fläche (30) des Streifens aufgebracht ist.
3. Form nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Teile (110, 110') der Form an ihren miteinander in Berührung stehenden Abschnitten über dem Gußhohlraum zusammenlegbare Flächen tragen, die das Aufsetzen und die Dichtung dieser Abschnitte untereinander sicherstellen, und daß jede zusammenlegbare Fläche eine ebene Berührungsfläche (120, 120') aufweist, die mit einer Wulst (122, 122') und einer Kehle (124, 124') versehen ist, die jeweils mit einer Kehle (124', 124) und einer Wulst (122', 122) der ebenen Berührungsfläche (120', 120) eines anderen Teils (110', 110) der Form zusammenarbeiten können.
4. Form nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wulst (122, 122') und die Kehle (124, 124') einer ebenen Berührungsfläche (120, 120') bezüglich einer Mittelaussparung (126, 126') symmetrisch angeordnet sind, die in die ebene Berührungsfläche derart mündet, daß zwei identische Formteile (110, 110') durch das Zusammenarbeiten von der Wulst (122, 122') an dem einen Teil mit der Kehle (124, 124') am anderen Teil und umgekehrt verbunden werden können, und daß die jeweiligen Aussparungen (126, 126') zusammen eine Gußmulde bilden, die das heiße Schweißmittel in den Gußhohlraum lenken kann.
5. Form nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eines der Enden der Kehle (124, 124') in die Mittelaussparung (126, 126') mündet, und daß das andere Ende der Kehle (124, 124') an der Außenseite der Form mündet, daß die Teile der Kehle (124, 124') größer als die Höhe der Wulst (122, 122') ist, um einen Abzugsspalt (132, 132') zu bilden, wenn die Kehle (124, 124') eines Formteils (110, 110') eine Wulst (122', 122) eines anderen Formteils (110', 110) aufnimmt, wobei der Abzugsspalt (132, 132') beim Eingießen des Schweißmittels den Luftabzug gestattet.
EP78400034A 1977-07-08 1978-06-23 Giessform zum metallothermischen Schweissen von Werkstücken aus Metall Expired EP0000456B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7721158A FR2396620A1 (fr) 1977-07-08 1977-07-08 Moule pour la soudure metallothermique de pieces metalliques
FR7817030 1978-06-07
FR7721158 1978-06-07
FR7817030A FR2427869A1 (fr) 1978-06-07 1978-06-07 Moules a surfaces emboitables pour la soudure metallothermique de pieces metalliques

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0000456A1 EP0000456A1 (de) 1979-01-24
EP0000456B1 true EP0000456B1 (de) 1980-10-29

Family

ID=26220120

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP78400034A Expired EP0000456B1 (de) 1977-07-08 1978-06-23 Giessform zum metallothermischen Schweissen von Werkstücken aus Metall

Country Status (10)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0000456B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS6054145B2 (de)
AU (1) AU515470B2 (de)
BR (1) BR7804401A (de)
CA (1) CA1117727A (de)
DE (1) DE2860254D1 (de)
ES (1) ES471516A1 (de)
MX (1) MX150536A (de)
OA (1) OA08229A (de)
TR (1) TR20302A (de)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS56161279A (en) * 1980-05-08 1981-12-11 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Safety device for elevator
JPS6138661U (ja) * 1984-08-10 1986-03-11 京セラミタ株式会社 コロナ放電器の清掃装置
JPH0631143B2 (ja) * 1986-04-04 1994-04-27 三菱電機株式会社 エレベ−タの安全装置
DE4135066C1 (de) * 1991-10-24 1993-04-01 Gns Gesellschaft Fuer Nuklear-Service Mbh, 4300 Essen, De
FR2843551B1 (fr) * 2002-08-14 2005-04-22 Railtech Int Couvercle de creuset de reaction aluminothermique
WO2011013078A1 (en) * 2009-07-30 2011-02-03 Donald Roderick Macrae Process and mould assembly for aluminothermic welding of rails with mould having two side moulds, a base and receiving means
FR3038920B1 (fr) * 2015-07-17 2017-07-28 Railtech Int Piece de fond d'un moule de soudure de rails metalliques, moule correspondant et procede de soudure aluminothermique
FR3050742B1 (fr) * 2016-04-29 2018-05-04 Railtech International Moule de soudure aluminothermique d'un rail metallique et procede de reparation qui en fait usage
FR3072041B1 (fr) * 2017-10-09 2019-11-29 Railtech International Ensemble de moulage pour la soudure aluminothermique de rails et procede de soudure aluminothermique de rails
DE102018006415A1 (de) * 2018-08-15 2020-02-20 Goldschmidt Thermit Gmbh Verfahren zum Abdichten einer Gießform für aluminothermische Schienenschweißungen

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE572591C (de) * 1933-03-18 Aluminothermische Und Elek Sch Selbstdichtende Sandform fuer aluminothermische Schienenschweissungen
US3022554A (en) * 1959-12-07 1962-02-27 Continental Ind Inc Exothermic mold having detachable lower portions
US3113359A (en) * 1961-01-09 1963-12-10 Continental Ind Inc Molds for composite casting
FR1327977A (fr) * 1962-05-10 1963-05-24 Erico Prod Inc Assemblage bout à bout de barres d'acier et de pièces analogues

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU3774278A (en) 1980-01-10
JPS5418448A (en) 1979-02-10
AU515470B2 (en) 1981-04-02
CA1117727A (fr) 1982-02-09
EP0000456A1 (de) 1979-01-24
MX150536A (es) 1984-05-23
ES471516A1 (es) 1979-02-01
JPS6054145B2 (ja) 1985-11-28
BR7804401A (pt) 1979-05-08
DE2860254D1 (en) 1981-01-29
OA08229A (fr) 1987-10-30
TR20302A (tr) 1981-01-07

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