Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/18—Hydrocarbons
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
  • C11D3/0026—Low foaming or foam regulating compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
  • C11D3/12—Water-insoluble compounds
  • C11D3/124—Silicon containing, e.g. silica, silex, quartz or glass beads
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C11D3/2093—Esters; Carbonates

Definitions

• This invention pertains to detergent compositions having enhanced suds regulating activity over a broad range of usage and temperature conditions comprising a surface-active agent and a suds regulating system.
• the suds regulating system contains a liquid hydrocarbon, an adjunct material selected from solid hydrocarbons, fatty esters and mixtures thereof and a hydrophobic silica.
• the solid hydrocarbon adjunct material can be represented by species having a melting point in the range from about 45°C to about 60°C.
• Preferred fatty esters can be fatty acid esters of mono- or polyhydric alcohols having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain.
• the defoaming compositions are particularly well-suited for preventing and/or abating foam in aqueous system such as in concentrated and/or diluted black liquor systems produced during the alkaline pulping process, in latex paint systems and in acidic white water systems of the paper making process.
• German patent application DOS 23 35 468 discloses detergent compositions wherein a silicone/silica suds controlling agent is releasably incorporated into a water-soluble or water-dispersable, substantially non-surface-active, detergent- impermeable carrier.
• French patent 1.465.407 discloses detergent compositions haviag regulated suds wherein the regulating function is provided through the use of a hydrocarbon having a boiling point above about 90°C in conjunction with a fatty acid having from 12 to 31 carbon atoms.
• the hydrocarbon can be represented by a 1:1 mixture of a liquid paraffin and a waxy paraffin.
• the suds regulant is incorporated into the detergent composition through slurrying with the other ingredients and spray-drying the slurry so obtained in a conventional manner.
• French patent 1.489.395 relates to detergent compositions having controlled suds through the use of a system containing essentially a fatty acid having from 12 to . 18 carbon atoms in conjunction with a waxy hydrocarbon having a melting point below 100°C.
• the compesitions according to the '395 patent are prepared by separately agglomerating the suds regulating mixture or by spraying the suds regulating agents onto the detergent base-powder.
• German patent application DOS 25 09 508 discloses detergent compositions capable of providing effective suds control through the combined use of a system comprising a micro-crystalline wax having a melting point of from 35°C to 125°C in combination with a suds suppressing amount of a silicone suds controlling agent releasably incorporated into a water-soluble or water-dispersable, substantially non-surface-active detergent impermeable carrier.
• the present invention is based on the discovery that the suds regulating acitivity of detergent compositions containing an organic surface-active agent can be effectively and uniformly controlled with the aid of a multi-component suds regulating system. Significantly improved suds control over a wide range of laundry conditions can be obtained through the use of the subject cmmpositions. In addition to avoiding the direct inconveniences of over-sudsing during the laundry operation, these compositions are capable of providing superior textile cleaning and other textile benefits.
• compositions of this invention comprise an organic surface-active agent and a multi-component suds regulating system. More specifically, the compositions herein comprise from about 2% to about 70% by weight of an organic surface-active agent; and from 0.01% to about 5% by weight of a suds regulating system comprising:
• the detergent compositions additionally can comprise from about 3% to about 5% by weight of a detergent builder component.
• compositions of the present invention comprise an organic surface-active agent and a multi-component suds regulating system.
• the suds regulating system is comprised of a liquid hydrocarbon, a n adjunct material selected from a solid hydrocarbon and a fatty ester and a hydrophobic silica suds regulating agent.
• a first essential component herein is an organic surface-active agent - which can be used in an amount from about 2% to about 70%, preferably from 3% to about 50%.
• Suitable organic surface-active agents herein can be represented by active ingredients which are known to meet the requirements for use in and/or have already been used in detergent compositions.
• Exemplifying species for use herein can be selected from the group of anionic, nonionic, ampholytic, zwitterionic, and cationic surfactants and mixtures thereof.
• Suitable nonionic surfactants include:
• ampholytic synthetic detergents are sodium 3-(dodecyl- amino)propionate, and sodium 3-(dodecylamino)propane-1-sulfonate.
• Zwitterionic surfactants for use herein include 3-(N,N-dimethyl-N-hexadecyl- ammonio)-2-hydroxypropane-l-sulfonate, 3-(N,N-dimethyl-N-alkylammonio)-2-hydroxypropane-l-sulfonate, the alkyl group being derived from tallow fatty alcohol; 3-(N,N-dimethyl-N-hexadecylammonio)propane-1-sulfonate; 3-(N,N-dimethyl-N-tetradecylammonio)propane-l-sulfonate; and 3-(N,N-dimethyldodecyl- ammonio)-2-hydroxypropane-1-sulfonate.
• Suitable anionic detergents include ordinary alkali metal soaps of higher fatty acids containing from about eight to about 24 carbon atoms and preferably from about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms.
• 2,220,099 and 2,477,383 (especially valuable are linear straight chain alkyl benzene sulfonates in which the average of the alkyl groups is about 11.8 carbon atoms and commonly abbreviated as C 11.8 LAS); sodium alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonates, especially those ethers of higher alcohols derived from tallow and coconut oil; sodium coconut oil fatty acid monoglyceride sulfonates and sulfates.
• Useful in this invention are also salts of 2-acyloxyalkane-l-sulfonic acids.
• Typical examples of the 2-anyloxy-alkanesulfonate3 are described in Belgium Patent No. 650.323 issued July 9, 1963, U.S. Patent Nos. 2.094.451 issued September 28, 1937, to Guenther et al, and 2.086.215 issued July 6, 1937 to DeGroote; these references are hereby incorporated by reference.
• ⁇ -alkyloxy alkane sulfonates can also be used.
• Specific examples of ⁇ -alkyloxy alkane sulfonates having low hardness (calcium ion) sensivity useful herein to provide superior cleaning levels under household washing conditions include : potassium- ⁇ -methoxydecanesulfonate, sodium 2-methoxytridecanesul- fonate, potassium 2-ethoxytetradecylsulfonate, and sodium 2-isopropoxyhexa- decylsulfonate.
• Paraffin sulfonates containing a straight or branched chain, saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from 8 to 24, preferably 12 to 18, carbon atoms can also be used.
• alkyl ether sulfates are alkyl ether sulfates. These materials have the formula RO(C 2 H 4 O) x SO 3 M wherein R is alkyl or alkenyl of about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms, x is 1 to 30, and M is a water-soluble cation.
• alkyl ether sulfates are those comprising a mixture of individual compounds, said mixture having an average alkyl chain length of from about 12 to 16 carbon atoms and an average degree of ethoxylation of from about 1 to 4 moles of ethylene oxide.
• Such a mixture also comprises from about 0 to 20% by weight C 12-13 compounds; from 60 to 100% by weight of C 14-15-16 compounds; from about 0 to 20% by weight of C 17-18-19 compounds; from about 3 to 30% by weight of compounds having a degree of ethoxylation of 0; from about 45 to 90% by weight of compounds having a degree of ethoxylation of from 1 to 4; from about 10 to 25% by weight of compounds having a degree of ethoxylation of from 4 to 8; and from about 0.1 to 15% by weight of compounds having a degree of ethoxylation greater than 8.
• Cationic surface-active agents inclusive of di(C C 12 -C 20 )alkyl, di(C 1-4 )alkyl ammonium halides, and imidazolinium derivatives can also be used in the compositions herein.
• the ternary suds regulating system herein is particularly effective in presence of anionic and/or nonionic surfactants. Frequently, these anionic and/or nonionic surfactants are present in the compositions of this invention in a level from about 5% to about 20%.
• a second essential component herein is represented by a suds regulating system which is used in an amount from 0.01% to about 5%.
• the suds regulating system comprises a liquid hydrocarbon, an adjunct material selected from a solid hydrocarbon having a melting point from about 35°C to about 110°C; a fatty ester of mono- or polyhydric alcohols having from 1 to about 40 carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon chain, and mono- or polycarboxylic acids having from 1 to about 40 carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon chain, and mixtures thereof: and a hydrophobic silica suds regulating agent.
• From 99.9% to about 75%, preferably from about 99.5% to about 90% of the suds regulating system is represented by the mixture of the liquid hydrocarbon and the adjunct material.
• the liquid hydrocarbon represents from about 30% to about 98% of the liquid hydrocarbon/adjunct material mixture, while the adjunct material represents from about 70% to about 2% of said mixture of liquid hydrocarbon/adjunct material.
• the hydrocarbon components sutiable for une in the practice of this invention may be any aliphatic, allcylic, aromatic or heterocyclic saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbons having generally from about 12 to about 70 carbon atoms.
• Paraffins are preferred hydrocarbons herein. Paraffins are generally obtained from petroleum by various methods inclusive of fractionation distillation, solvent extraction, cracking, reforming or polymerization of lower olefines or diolefines. Paraffin can also be synthesized from coal thereby using the Fischer-Tropsch process, or by hydrogenation of unsaturated hydrocarbons. Paraffins are preferably obtained by distillation or solvent extracting the solid residus of petroleum distillation.
• the liquid, at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, hydrocarbon herein has normally a pour point in the range of -40°C to 5°C and usually contains from 12 to 40 carbon atoms.
• the liquid hydrocarbon should normally have a minimum boiling point of not less than 110°C (at atmospheric pressure).
• Liquid paraffins, preferably of the naphthenic or paraffinic type, also known as mineral white oil are preferred.
• the adjunct material hydrocarbon has a melting point in the range from about 35°C to about 110°C and comprises generally from 12 to 70 carbon atoms.
• Preferred solid hydrocarbon species have a melting point . from about 45°C to about 60°C.
• Other preferred solid hydrocarbon species herein have a melting point from 80°C to 95°C.
• Preferred hydrocarbon adjunct materials are petroleum waxes of the paraffin and microcrystalline type which are composed of long-chain saturated hydrocarbon compounds.
• the hydrocarbon adjunct material is preferably used in an amount from about 40% to about 2% of the mixture of liquid hydrocarbon and hydrocarbon adjunct material.
• the liquid hydrocarbon component represents preferably from about 60% to about 98% of the mixture of liquid hydrocarbon and hydrocarbon adjunct material.
• the adjunct material ran also he represented by a fatty ester of mono-or polyhydric alcohols having from 1 to about 40 carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon chain, and mono- or polycarboxylic acids having from 1 to about 40 carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon chain with the provisos that the total number of carbon atoms in the ester is equal to or greater than 16 and that at least one of the alkyl radicals in the ester has 12 or more carbon atoms.
• the fatty ester is preferably used in an amount from about 10% to about 70% of the mixture of liquid hydrocarbon and fatty ester adjunct material.
• the liquid hydrocarbon component represents preferably from about 30% to about 90% of the mixture of liquid hydrocarbon and fatty ester adjunct material.
• the fatty ester adjunct material can be of natural or synthetic origin.
• suitable natural fatty esters herein include : beeswax from honeycombs which consists chiefly of the esters CH 3 (CH 2 ) 24 COO(CH 2 ) 27 CH 3 and CH 3 (CH 2 ) 26 COO(CH 2 ) 25 CH 3 ; carnauba wax from the Brazilian palm which is a mixed ester containing principally C 31 H 63 COOC 32 H 65 and C 33 H 67 COOC 34 H 69 ; and spermaceti (wax) from the sperm whale which is mainly C 15 H 31 COOC 16 H 33 .
• the fatty acid portion of the fatty ester can be obtained from mono- or poly-carboxylic acids having from 1 to about 40 carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon chain.
• monocarboxylic fatty acids include behenic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, myristic acid, lauric acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, isobutyric acid, valeric acid, lactic acid, glycolic acid and ⁇ , ⁇ -dihydroxy- isobutyric acid.
• suitable polycarboxylic acids include : n-butyl-malonic acid, isocitric acid, citric acid, maleic acid, malic acid, and succinic acid.
• the fatty alcohol radical in the fatty ester can be represented by mono- or polyhydric alcohols having from 1 to 40 carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon chain.
• suitable fatty alcohols include : behenyl. arachidyl, cocoyl, oleyl and lauryl alcohol, ethylene glycol, glycerol, ethanol, isopropanol, vinyl alcohol, diglycerol, xylitol, sucrose, erythritol, pentaerythritol, sorbitol or sorbitan.
• the fatty acid and/or fatty alcohol group of the fatty ester adjunct material have from 1 to 24 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain.
• Preferred fatty esters herein are ethylene glycol, glycerol and sorbitan esters wherein the fatty acid portion of the ester normally comprises a species selected from behenic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid or myristic acid.
• Sorbitol prepared by catalyst hydrogenation of glucose, can be dehydrated in well-known fashion to form mixture of 1,4 and 1,5-sorbitol anhydrides and small amounts of isosorbides. (See Brown, U.S. Patent 2,322,821, issued June 29, 1943). This mixture of sorbitol anhydrides is collectively referred to as sorbitan. The sorbitan mixture will also contain some free, uncyclized sorbitol.
• Sorbitan esters useful herein can be prepared by esterifying the "sorbitan" mixture with a fatty acyl group in standard fashion, e.g., by reaction with a fatty acid halide or fatty acid.
• the esterification reaction can occur at any of the available hydroxyl groups, and various mono-, di-, etc., esters can be prepared. In fact, mixtures of mono-, di-, tri-, etc., esters almost always result from such reactions.
• Esterified hydroxyl groups can, of course, be either in terminal or internal positions within the sorbitan molecule.
• the sorbitan esters employed herein can contain up to about 15% by weight of esters of the C 20 -C 26 , and higher, fatty acids, as well as minor amounts of C 8 , and lower, fatty esters. The presence or absence of such contaminants is of no consequence - in the present invention.
• glycerol esters are also highly preferred. These are the mono-, di-or tri-esters of glycerol and the fatty acids as defined above.
• fatty alcohol esters for use herein include : stearyl acetate, palmityl di-lactate, cocoyl isobutyrate, oleyl maleate, oleyl di-maleate, and tallowyl proprionate.
• Fatty acid esters useful in the present invention include : xylitol monopalmitate, pentaerythritol monostearate, sucrose monostearate, glycerol monostearate, ethylene glycol monostearate and sorbitan esters.
• Suitable sorbitan esters include sorbitan monostearate, sorbitan palmitate, sorbitan monolaurate, sorbitan monomyristate, sorbitan monobehenate, sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan dilaurate, sorbitan disterate, sorbitan dibehenate, sorbitan dioleate, and also mixed tallowalkyl sorbitan mono- and di-esters.
• Glycerol esters are equally highly preferred in the composition herein. These are the mono-, di-, or tri-esters of glycerol and the fatty acids of the class described above.
• Glycerol monostearate glycerol mono-oleate, glycerol monopalmitate, glycerol monobehenaLe, and glycerol distearate are specific examples of these preferred glycerol esters.
• the fatty esters in the suds regulating system herein must contain a number of carbon atoms equal to or greater than 16; normally, suitable fatty esters contain at least one alkyl radical having 12 or more carbon atoms.
• the adjunct material can also be represented by a mixture of the adjunct solid hydrocarbon and the adjunct fatty ester.
• Such adjunct material mixtures preferably contain the adjunct hydrocarbon to adjunct fatty ester in a weight ratio of hydrocarbon : ester from 1:20 to 1:1, morepreferably from 1:2 to 1:10.
• Another essential component herein is a hydrophobic silica suds regulating agent which is used in an amount from 0.1% to about 25%, preferably from 0.5% to about 10% of the suds regulating system i.e. containing the liquid hydrocarbon, the adjunct material and the silica.
• Suitable silica suds regulating agents herein are microfine, hydrophobic, particulate silicas. These silicas usually have an average primary particle diameter from about 5 millimicrons (m ⁇ ) to about 100 m ⁇ , preferably from 10 m ⁇ to 30 m ⁇ . The primary particles can form aggregates --frequently termed secondary particles-- having frequently an average particle diameter in the range from about 0.3 ⁇ to about 3 ⁇ .
• Suitable silica components can additionally be characterized by a specific surface area from about 50 m 2 /g to about 400 m 2 /g, preferably from 100 m 2 /g to 200 m 2 /g. The specific surface area can be determined with the aid of the N 2 -adsorption method.
• the preferred silica component herein can additionally be defined in having a pH in the range from 8 to 12, to thus be better compatible with the usually alkaline laundry solution.
• preciptated hydrophobic microfine silicas with pr p- ferred species are commerrially available under the trade names QUSO WR8: and QUSO WR50 from Philadelphia QUARZ Company.
• Additional examples of suitable silicas herein can include pyrogenic silica and aerogel and xerogel silicas provided their general physical properties are as set forth above.
• the silica can be rendered hydrophobic through one of the well-known treatments such as e.g. disclosed in U.S. Patent 3.207.698, or UK Patent Application no. 10734/74 of March 11, 1974.
• the silica component can be used as such or in conjunction with other compounds such as silicones.
• Suitable silica/silicone mixtures are commercially available from DOW CORNING Comp.; the silica can be physically or chemically bond to part or all of the silicone fluid.
• the silica frequently represents up to about 50%, preferably from 5% to 20% of the mixture of silica and silicone.
• the detergent composition of the instant invention frequently contains as an optional ingredient a detergent builder in a level from about 3% to about 50%.
• a detergent builder in a level from about 3% to about 50%.
• Useful builders herein include any of the conventional inorganic and organic water-soluble builder salts as well as various water-insoluble and so-called "seeded" builders.
• Detergency builder salts useful herein can be of the polyvalent inorganic and polyvalent organic types, or mixtures thereof.
• suitable water-soluble, inorganic alkaline detergency builder salts include the alkali metal carbonates, borates, phosphates, polyphosphates, tripolyphosphates, bicarbonates, silicates, and sulfates.
• Specific examples of such salts include the sodium and potassium tetraborates, bicarbonates, carbonates, tripolyphosphates, pyrophosphates, and hexametaphosphates.
• suitable organic alkaline detergency builder salts are : (1) water-soluble amino polyacetates, e.g. sodium and potassium ethylene- diaminetetraacetates, nitrilotriacetates, and N-(2-hydroxyethyl)nitrilo- diacetates; (2) water-soluble salts of phytic acid, e.g. sodium and potassium phytates; (3) water-soluble polyphosphonates, including sodium, potassium and lithium salts of ethane-1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonie acid; sodium, potassium, and lithium salts of methylenediphosphonic aoid and the like.
• water-soluble amino polyacetates e.g. sodium and potassium ethylene- diaminetetraacetates, nitrilotriacetates, and N-(2-hydroxyethyl)nitrilo- diacetates
• phytic acid e.g. sodium and potassium phytates
• water-soluble polyphosphonates
• Additional organic builder salts useful herein include the polycarboxylate materials described in U.S. Patent No. 2,264,103, including the water-soluble alkali metal salts of mellitic acid.
• the water-soluble salts of polycarboxylate polymers and copolymers such as are described in U.S. Patent No. 3,308,067, incorporated herein by reference, are also suitable herein.
• alkali metal salts of the foregoing inorganic and organic polyvalent anionic builder salts are preferred for use herein from an economic standpoint, the ammonium, alkanolammonium (e.g, triethanolammonium, diethanolammonium and monoethanolammonium) and other water-soluble salts of any of the foregoing builder anions can also be used.
• alkanolammonium e.g, triethanolammonium, diethanolammonium and monoethanolammonium
• other water-soluble salts of any of the foregoing builder anions can also be used.
• Mixtures of organic and/or inorganic builders can be used herein.
• One such mixture of builders is disclosed in Canadian Patent No. 755,038, e.g. a ternary mixture of sodium tripolyphosphate, trisodium nitrilotriacetate, and trisodium ethane-1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonate.
• a further class of builder salts is the water-insoluble alumino silicate type which functions by cation exchange to remove polyvalent mineral hardness and heavy metal ions from solution.
• a preferred builder of this type has the formulation Na z (AlO 2 ) z (SiO 2 ) y . xH 2 0 wherein z and y are integers of at least 6, the molar ratio of z to y is in the range from 1.0 to about 0.5 and x is an integer from about 15 to about 264.
• Compo- sitions incorporating builder salts of this type form the subject of British Patent Specification No. 1,429,143 published March 24, 1976, German Patent Application No. OLS 24 33 485 published February 6, 1975, and OLS 25 25 778 published January 2, 1976, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.
• detergency builder material useful in the present invention comprises a water-soluble material capable: of forming a water-insoluble reaction product with water hardness cations, preferably in combination with a crystallization seed which is capable of providing growth sites for said reaction product.
• materials capable of forming the water-insoluble reaction product include the water-soluble salts of carbonates, bicarbonates, sesquicarbonates, silicates, aluminates and oxalates.
• the alkali metal, especially sodium, salts of the foregoing materials are preferred for convenience and economy.
• Preferred crystallization seed materials are calcium carbonate, calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide. Such "seeded builder" compositions are fully disclosed in British Patent Specification No. 1,424,406, incorporated herein by reference.
• Non-seeded precipitating builder systems employing pyrophosphates or mixtures thereof with orthophosphates are also useful herein.
• Precipitating pyrophosphate and ortho-pyrophosphatesbuilder systems are disclosed in German Patent Applications OLS No. 25 42 704 and 26 05 052 published April 15 and August 16, 1976, respectively and British Patent Application No. 76-33786 filed August 13, 1976, which are specifically incorporated herein by reference.
• compositions of this invention can comprise a series of supplementary components to perfect and complement the performance advantages derivable from the combination of essential components.
• additional components include brighteners, dyes, perfumes, bactericides, processing aids, anti-oxidants, corrosion inhibitors, enzymes and so on. .
• the copolymeric vinyl ingredient is normally used in an amount from about 0.1% to about 6%, preferably from 0.25% to 4%.
• Specific examples of these copolymeric ingredients include a water-soluble acid, an alkali-metal salt of that acid, an ester, or a C 1-2 alkyl- or alkylolamide of a maleic anhydride-vinyl C 1-4 alkyl ether copolymer.
• the specific viscosity of, for example, the maleic anhydride-vinyl C 1-4 alkyl ether, preferably methylether, copolymer for use herein normally varies between 0.1 and 6, most preferably between 0.2 and 5.0.
• The(molecular) monomer ratio (maleic:vinylalkylether) is preferably in the range from 2:1 to 1:2.
• the specific viscosity is defined by measuring the viscosity of the solution of 1 g of the anhydride copolymer in 100 ml methylethylketone at 25°C in a series 100 CANNON-FENSKE viscosity meter.
• the copolymeric component can serve as slurry processing aid to thus provide a detergent product having improved physical properties including flowability.
• Another optional ingredient is a mixture of alkoxylated mono- and diesters of phosphoric acid.
• This mixture which is normally used in an amount from 0.5% to 20% by reference to the sum of the surface-active agents, is particularly useful in detergent compositions containing, in part or solely, nonionic surface-active agents.
• These phosphoric esters are preferably represented by alkoxylated fatty alcohols having from 10 to 22 carbon atoms with 2 to 15 moles ethylene oxide or propylene oxide.
• the weight ratio of monophosphoric esters'to diphospho- ric esters is usually in the range from 6:1 to 3:1, preferably 4:1.
• nonionic surfactants are incorporated by slurrying and subsequent spray-drying, to add to the crutcher from 0.01% to 10%, expressed by reference to the nonionic surfactant of, an anti-oxidant.
• Suitable examples of anti-oxidant materials are disclosed in German patent application DAS 1,617,209.
• a preferred anti-oxidant material is 4,4'-thiobis(6-tert-butyl-m-cresol).
• the detergent composition can additionally contain an enzymatic ingredient.
• Proteases, amylases and lipases can be added in an amount from 0.001% to about 5% to augment and aid in the cleaning activity of the bleaching detergent compositions herein.
• Preferred proteolytic enzymes are disclosed in Belgian Patent 775.854, to EYMERY et al., granted May 26, 1972.
• the granular compositions of this invention can also advantageously contain a peroxy-bleach component in an amount from about 3% to about 50%, preferably from about 8% to about 35%.
• suitable peroxy- bleach components herein include perborates, persulfates, persilicates, perphosphates, percarbonates and more in general all inorganic and organic peroxy-bleaching agents which are known to be adapated for use in the subject compositions.
• Organic oxygen-bleach activators can also advantageously be used in oxygen-bleach detergent compositions. Examples of such activators include phthalic anhydride, tetraacetyl ethylenediamine, tetraacetyl methylenediamine, and tetraacetyl glycouril. These activators produce in the laundry liquor organic peroxy-acids which have enhanced low temperature bleach performance. Activators of this type are normally used with sodium perborate at usage levels from about 0.5% to 15%, preferably from 3% to 7%.
• the multi-component suds regulating mixture of this invention can be added to the additional detergent ingredients by all conventional means known to be satisfactory for that purpose.
• either one of the materials can be incorporated into the slurry and subsequently spray dried to a granular composition or they can be - added separately to the other detergent composition ingredients which have been granulated separately.
• a melt of the multi-component suds regulating system of this invention is sprayed onto the detergent base-powder granule or the individually prepared detergent granule. This implies that the silica suds regulating agent is pre-mixed with a melt containing the adjunct material and the liquid hydrocarbons of this invention. It is also possible to individually agglomerate the components of the suds regulating system with one or more individual components of the detergent system followed by mixing the agglomerate containing the suds regulant with the detergent base-powder.
• a granular detergent base-powder having the composition listed hereinafter was prepared by conventional spray-drying of a . slurry of the individual ingredients.
• a series of spray-drying sensitive ingredients were added to the above base-powder by dry-mixing, namely :
• the sudsregulating mixture as defined below was added to the above oxygen-bleach containing detergent.
• the levels of the suds regulating components define the quantity of each individual species to be added to 100 parts of the oxygen-bleach containing detergent composition.
• compositions according to this invention I thru VII exhibited excellent suds-control under various usage conditions inclusive of temperatures from ambient up to the boil and under low soil/high product usage conditions; whereas the reference compositions did not provide effective control over the same wide range of conditions.
• Substantially comparable results can also be obtained in substituting the glycerol monostearate in example VII by an equivalent amount of an adjunct material selected from : beeswax; carnauba wax; spermaceti; stearyl acetate; palmityl di-lactate; cocoyl isobutyrate; oleyl maleate; oleyl di-maleate; tallowylpropionate; xylitol monopalmitate; pentaerythritol monostearate; sucrose monostearate; ethylene glycol monostearate; sorbitan monostearate; sorbitan monomyristate; sorbitan monobehenate; sorbitan di-stearate; sorbitan di-myristate; sorbitan di-behenate and sorbitan di-oleate.
• an adjunct material selected from : beeswax; carnauba wax; spermaceti; stearyl a
• Detergent compositions are prepared in a conventional manner comprising t following ingredients.
• ZEOLITE A having the formula Na 12 (AlO 2 ) 12 (SiO 2 ) 12 ⁇ 27H 2 O having an average particle diameter of 2.2 microns.
• ZEOLITE A having the formula under (4) above and an average particle diameter of 1.8 microns.

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• 1978
  • 1978-06-12 GB GB7922536A patent/GB2040982B/en not_active Expired
  • 1978-06-12 BE BEBTR6A patent/BE6T1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1978-06-12 CH CH290780A patent/CH644629A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1978-06-12 NL NL7815012A patent/NL191087C/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1978-06-12 EP EP78200035A patent/EP0000216A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1978-06-12 DE DE2858807A patent/DE2858807C2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1978-06-20 US US05/917,444 patent/US4192761A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1978-06-20 GR GR56549A patent/GR63821B/el unknown
  • 1978-06-21 CA CA000305937A patent/CA1117394A/en not_active Expired
  • 1978-06-22 MX MX173886A patent/MX148043A/es unknown
  • 1978-06-23 IT IT24933/78A patent/IT1097272B/it active
  • 1978-06-23 JP JP7630978A patent/JPS5439409A/ja active Granted
• 1979
  • 1979-05-02 FR FR7911108A patent/FR2416946A1/fr active Granted
  • 1979-06-26 SE SE7905592A patent/SE440917B/sv not_active IP Right Cessation

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