EA034542B1 - High efficiency herbicidal composition and method for weed control - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to plant protection products and can be used in agriculture to control annual and perennial weeds in crops of cereals, in particular corn. A composition contains nicosulfuron (I), thifensulfuron-methyl (II) and an additional herbicide - florasulam (III) in an antidote effective amount. Weight ratios of the components I:III:II are in the range of (1-25):1:(1-10). The invention provides long-term protection against the extended spectrum of annual and perennial dicot as well as gramineous weeds, does not have a phytotoxic effect on corn, and also increases productivity of corn by 17-90%.

Description

The invention relates to plant protection products, and more particularly, to a highly effective herbicidal composition based on nicosulfuron, tifensulfuron-methyl and florasulam, as well as to a method for controlling weeds using this composition. The present invention can be used in agriculture to control annual and perennial weeds in crops of grain crops, in particular corn.

Weed control is one of the main tasks of agriculture. Weed plants inhibit the growth and development of crops and thereby reduce their productivity and the quality of the products. The period of development and maturation in different species of weeds is different, and the age composition of weeds within the same species is also different, due to the continuous appearance of seedlings. In addition, the weediness of crops is almost always higher in wet years, when up to three waves of emergence of new seedlings of weeds are observed. All this causes great difficulties in the destruction of weeds during the entire growing season of cultivated plants.

Currently, many herbicides have been developed and applied (both single-component and combined), however, there are various weeds that need to be controlled, and their development continues for a long period of time.

Nicosulfuron-based preparations are one of the most well-known and widely used weed control agents in corn crops. Known, in particular, is the drug Milagro, KS (trademark of the SINGENT company) (see List of pesticides and agrochemicals approved for use in the Russian Federation, Appendix to the journal Protection and Plant Quarantine, Moscow, 2016, No. 4, p. 492 ) These drugs are ineffective against annual and perennial dicotyledonous weeds.

To combat annual dicotyledonous weeds in cereal crops, preparations based on tifensulfuron-methyl, for example, Harmony, STS (DUPON trademark) are recommended (see the List of pesticides and agrochemicals approved for use in the Russian Federation, Appendix to the journal Protection and Plant Quarantine, Moscow, 2016, No. 4, p. 514). However, such preparations are not effective enough in relation to cereal and perennial dicotyledonous weeds; a phytotoxic effect may be manifested in relation to grain crops.

Florasulam is a systemic post-emergence herbicide that has a narrow spectrum of action: it is effective against broadleaf (tenacious, common starlet, field asterisk, field bindweed, chamomile) and some cruciferous weeds in crops of grain crops.

Known herbicidal composition for the protection of corn crops, containing florasulam and nicosulfuron in a weight ratio of 2: 1 to 180: 1 (US Pat. RF RU 2574742 C1, class A01N 47/28, publ. 02/10/2016, bull. No. 4). However, this composition is not effective enough against some weeds, in particular, pea, hairy mountaineer, bindweed, mountaineer, grasshopper, common thistle, thistle field, field bindweed, Tatar lettuce and others.

Also, a number of patents and applications describe pesticidal preparations containing nicosulfuron and tifensulfuron-methyl as the main active ingredients. (for example, Pat. RF RU 2351133 C1, Chinese application CN 1337159 A, Pat. Ukraine UA 86926 C2).

Chinese application CN 102318631 A (class A01N 43/90, published January 18, 2012) discloses a herbicidal composition based on tifensulfuron methyl (1-80 wt.%) And florasulam (1-60 wt.%), Which can be made in the form of various preparative forms. However, preparations based on this composition have a phytotoxic effect on the processed crops, are not effective enough against cereal weeds.

Post-emergence combined herbicides, used at low consumption rates and not exerting phytotoxic effects, destroy only those weeds that have sprouted and vegetated by the time of spraying, subsequent waves of weeds do not inhibit, which negatively affects the further development of the crop and, as a result, leads to a decrease the crop. In the case of applying high consumption rates for active substances, cultivated plants are exposed to the phytotoxic effect of herbicides. This causes temporary or long-term damage to crops, which are manifested in the form of various symptoms and have a negative effect on the growth and development of plants, as well as on the crop, nutrient content and taste without manifestation of external signs.

To solve this problem, herbicidal preparations may additionally contain antidotes - compounds that reduce the level of phytotoxicity and do not exhibit herbicidal activity. For example, protective agents such as clocvintocet-mexyl, fenchlorazole-ethyl, mefenpyr-diethyl, isoxadifen-ethyl, furylazole, benoxacor, dichloromide, cyometrinyl, phenclorim, sulfonamides, including cyprosulfamide (US Pat. No. 96, US Pat. A01N 43/80, 03/08/2012; US 2007/0010399 A1, CL A01N 25/32, published January 11, 2007; US 2012/0184435 A1, CL A01N 25/32, A01N 47/36, published 19.07. 2012).

Despite the high effectiveness of herbicidal compositions containing antidotes, they have significant disadvantages. When developing new drugs, each time you have to check the introduced protective agent for the presence of antidote properties. Because currently does not exist

- 1 034542 of a unified theory of the mechanism of their action, and the commonly used antidotes belong to classes of chemical compounds other than classes of herbicides, it is impossible to predict the presence or absence of an antidote effect in advance. In addition, physicochemical incompatibility of the protective agents with herbicides and other excipients in the preparation may be observed. All this complicates and lengthens the process of developing mixed preparations, which, of course, leads to an increase in the cost of the finished product.

The closest analogue of the invention is the herbicidal composition described in RF patent RU 2351133 C1 (class A01N 47/36, publ. 10.04.2009, bull. No. 10), which contains nicosulfuron and tifensulfuron-methyl as active substances. This document also describes a method of controlling weeds in corn crops, which consists in processing the places of their growth with an effective amount of the composition. The disadvantage of this composition is its low efficiency in relation to a number of cruciferous and broad-leaved weeds (bedstraw, bindweed and others), as well as insufficient efficiency in relation to the second and third waves of weeds. Also, this composition exhibits a phytotoxic effect at the level of 10-15% in relation to corn.

Thus, the creation of new combinations of already known biologically active substances, as well as formulations based on them, the use of which contributes to the manifestation of increased biological activity without signs of phytotoxic action, is still an urgent task.

The aim of the present invention is to provide long-term protection of grain crops in relation to an expanded spectrum of weeds, increase yield, reduce development time and reduce the cost of mixed preparations.

The technical result consists in the creation of a highly effective composition with a long period of protective action against annual and perennial dicotyledonous weeds, as well as cereal weeds in crops of grain crops, in particular corn, which does not have phytotoxic side effects of the active ingredients used in relation to the processed crops, without the use of special protective equipment (antidotes).

The object of the present invention is a highly effective herbicidal composition with a long period of protective action, including nicosulfuron (I) and tifensulfuron-methyl (II), which, according to the invention, contains an additional herbicide - Florasulam (III) in an antidotally effective amount, in which the weight ratio of components I : III: II are in the range (125): 1: (1-10).

Active substance combination claimed known - see reference The Pesticide Manual, 14 ^th edition, BCPC, UK, 2006 .: nicosulfuron (751, № 594.), Thifensulfuron-methyl (p 1026, № 815.), Florasulam (s.. 470, No. 370).

The authors unexpectedly found that the florarasulam contained in the composition in the indicated amount, in addition to the herbicidal activity, also manifests itself as an antidote (a protective agent against the phytotoxic effect of nicosulfuron and tifensulfuron methyl), the mechanism of action of which is most likely similar to the mechanism of action of the known the level of technology of cyprosulfamide, belonging to the same chemical class as the flurasulam sulfamides, and exhibiting antidote properties against herbicides from the sulfonyl urine class wines.

In addition, the claimed composition has a wider spectrum of action relative to the prototype of annual and perennial weeds, including cereals, and also has a soil effect on subsequent waves of weeds, resulting in long-term protection of crops.

The composition in accordance with the present invention is a combination of three mutually complementary herbicides from the class of ALS inhibitors, providing improved biocompatibility. The active substances penetrate weeds through leaves and roots, are absorbed by them and move along the xylem and phloem into meristematic tissues. They inhibit the production of the enzyme acetolactate synthase, which is involved in the synthesis of essential amino acids: leucine, isoleucine and valine, which occurs in chloroplasts. Violation of the biosynthesis of amino acids leads to a deficiency of proteins, which causes a violation of the process of cell division, stunting and subsequent death of weeds. Slowing down the growth of weeds occurs within a few hours after their absorption of the combined pesticide. Visible symptoms are noted 5-10 days after treatment (growth retardation, leaf chlorosis, damage). The final death of weeds occurs 10 or more days after treatment (the term depends on weather conditions, the species composition of weeds and the phase of their development). Overgrown or less sensitive to herbicide weeds do not die, but stop further development and do not affect crop productivity.

The claimed composition well destroys those weeds that have already sprouted or germinate at the time of treatment, and also prevents the emergence of seedlings of the second and third wave of weeds (has soil action up to 10 days after treatment with normal moisture). At the same time, the corn remains intact.

The action of the proposed herbicidal composition extends, in particular, to such an annual

- 034542 cereal weed plants, like common bramble (millet chicken), annual bluegrass, bristle (species), blood-red dew, empty oatmeal (empty oats), weed millet (sowing), branched-panicled millet, hairy millet, Eleusis Indian and others; perennial cereals: the perennial chaff, the creeping wheatgrass, the Allep sorghum (humai), the foxtail, the palmate and others; annual dicotyledonous: Ambrosia wormwood, pea hairy, Highlander bindweed, Highlander peppercorns, field mustard, mildew annuals, common gingerbread, yellowness lacfiaola, asterisk middle, morning glory, cabbage field, common godson, white marigold, chickpea, chaffer scavenger of winter barley, black nightshade, common pikulnik, clinging bedstraw, garden purslane, squat mallow, wild radish, chamomile (spp.), annual chistek, thrown backwoods and others; dicotyledonous dicotyledons: Cypress stork, ragweed, blue cornflower, Veronica field, gallows (species), Sophia desukraine, shepherd’s purse ordinary, field violet, field yarrow, purpurea purpurea and others; perennial dicotyledons: Cirsium field (pink sow thistle), field bindweed, Tatar lettuce (blue sow thistle, molokan), medicinal dandelion, field sow thistle (yellow), common wormwood, horse sorrel and others.

Based on the composition, both liquid (eg, oil dispersion) and solid (eg, water-dispersible granules) formulations can be created.

To obtain formulations, the composition additionally contains agrochemically acceptable excipients (target additives), for example, such as fillers, diluents, surface-active substances (surfactants) having high emulsifying, dispersing and wetting properties, thickeners, acidity correctors, disintegrants and / or defoamers.

As fillers, for example, silicon dioxide, kaolin, bentonite, aerosil, lactose, natural sugars, sodium sulfate, trisodium phosphate or mixtures thereof are preferred.

Mineral / vegetable oil, methyl alcohols of oils and / or water can be used as a diluent.

Non-ionic, anionic and / or cationic surfactants commonly used in the preparation technology can be used as surfactants, in particular, ethoxylated or propoxyethylated alkyl phenol, polyoxyethylated alcohol or amine, ethoxypropoxyblock copolymer, polyoxyethylated alcohol sulfate or phosphate or their salts, ethoxylated tristyrylphenol, sulfate or phosphate of ethoxylated or propoxylated tristyrylphenol or their salts, alkyl sulfate or aryl sulfate or their salts, alkyl sulfonate or aryl sulfonate or their salts, lignosulfonate or its salt, condensed alkylnaphthalene sulfonate, polycarboxylate salt, sulfosuccinate derivative or mixtures thereof, polymeric surfactants based on acrylates and their derivatives.

As pH correctors, salts of alkali and alkaline earth metals (in particular carbonates), citric acid can be used.

Carbonates of alkali or alkaline earth metals, calcium stearate can be used as disintegrants.

As an antifoam, polydimethylsiloxane can be used.

As a thickener, xanthan gums, polysaccharides, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, bentonite or silicon dioxide derivatives and synthetic thickeners can be used.

The content of excipients in preparative forms can vary widely.

Solid formulations, for example, water-dispersible granules, can be obtained by a variety of known granulation methods from a mixture consisting of a mixture of active substances with excipients (for example, noted above), the surfactants listed above, optionally adding antifoam, water and other excipients.

Liquid formulations, in particular, an oil dispersion, are prepared by the usual method, for example, by heterogeneous grinding of the active substances with diluents and, if necessary, surface-active and other auxiliary substances.

Another object of the invention is a method of controlling undesirable vegetation, which involves treating the weeds to be destroyed and their places of growth with the above herbicidal composition in agrochemically acceptable application rates.

Plants can be processed in the form of a finished formulation, a tank mixture prepared in a tank immediately before spraying, or as a so-called ready-to-use mixture (factory mixtures, twinpacks, etc.).

The herbicidal composition in accordance with the present invention can be applied immediately after sowing before plant emergence, however, post-emergence application at an early stage of development of weeds and crops is preferred.

The following are examples and results of biological tests.

Example 1. Evaluation of the phytotoxic effect of the composition on seedlings of maize in laboratory conditions.

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Plants were grown in vessels of 2 plants per vessel (each vessel volume of 0.5 l), each variant contained 5 vessels. When laying the experiment, soil was used from high and low peat.

Plants were grown under controlled conditions: temperature 20-24 ° C. air humidity 70-75%, illumination 20,000 Lx, daytime 16 hours, night 8 hours.

For the experiment, aqueous suspensions of the herbicidal composition according to the invention were prepared at various ratios of active ingredients.

The preparation used was Dublon Gold, VDG (600 g / kg of nicosulfuron + 150 g / kg of tifensulfuron-methyl), manufactured by August Firm CJSC.

Vessels with plants were treated in the phase of seedlings BBCH 10-11 using a laboratory spraying unit with a rotating disk sprayer at the following operating parameters: rate of flow of the working fluid 300 l / ha, median-mass diameter of the droplets 250 μm.

The counts were carried out on the 5th and 10th day of the experiment. Phytotoxicity was assessed by inhibition of the growth of aerial parts of plants and roots (in accordance with the Methodological Guide to the study of herbicides used in crop production, Golitsyno 2004).

The average results of assessing the degree of damage to corn are presented in table. 1.

Table 1

Ratio D.V. 1: 111: 11 Consumption rate, g / ha Corn seedlings growth rates Nicosulfuron (I) Florasulam (III) T ifensul furon methyl (P) Coleoptile length, cm Root length, cm 5 days 10 days 5 days 10 days The control - - - 6.4 15.7 3.8 11.6 1: 1: 1 14 14 14 6.4 15.9 3.6 11.7 5: 1: 10 10 2 20 6.2 15.4 3.5 11.4 4: 1: 1 16 4 4 6.6 16.0 4.2 11.9 12: 1: 5 48 4 20 6.3 15.3 3.5 11.3 16.25: 1: 1.5 58.5 3.6 5.4 6.8 16.0 4.0 12.0 25: 1: 1 25 1 1 6.8 15.9 3.9 11.9 25: 1: 10 fifty 2 20 6.2 15.5 3.7 11.4 25: 1: 15 fifty 2 thirty 3.3 10.2 2.9 9.1 30: 1: 5 60 2 10 3.6 10.5 3.0 9.6 Doubloon Gold (4: 1) 42 - 10.5 3.4 10.3 2.9 9.9

The data table. 1 indicate that the claimed herbicidal composition with the ratios of nicosulfuron (I) to florasulam (III) as (1 ^ 25): 1 and the ratios of florasulam (III) to tifensulfuron-methyl (II) as 1: (1-10) not it has a phytotoxic effect on corn: the lengths of coleoptile and corn roots on the 5th and 10th day after treatment are at the control level.

Example 2. Evaluation of the biological effectiveness of the composition and yield.

Tests of the herbicidal activity of the claimed composition was carried out in the field on corn crops (cultivar ROSS 272 АМВ) in three soil and climatic zones (I - zone of sod-podzolic and gray forest soils, II - zone of chernozems of forest-steppe and steppe regions, III - zone of dark chestnut soils of dry-steppe region ) Predecessors: spring barley, sunflower, rapeseed.

For testing, aqueous suspensions of the herbicidal composition according to the invention were prepared at various ratios of active ingredients.

The preparation used was Dublon Gold, VDG (600 g / kg of nicosulfuron + 150 g / kg of tifensulfuron-methyl), manufactured by August Firm CJSC.

Vegetative plants were sprayed once using a sprayer Resistant 3610. The development phase of corn plants at the time of treatment was 3-5 leaves. The flow rate of the working fluid is 250 l / ha.

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Accounting for weeds was carried out before treatment and 45 days after treatment.

Accounting methodology: by the quantitative-weighted method at 4 accounting sites of size

0.25 m ² on each plot of experience; in accordance with the Guidelines for registration tests of herbicides in agriculture (St. Petersburg, 2013).

The weeds studied were dominated by such weeds as white and thrown backlash, white gauze, common colza, common gooseberry, chicken millet, green and bluish bristles, field sow thistle, highlander bindweed, field bindweed, common bedroot, ragweed, wormwood Tatar lettuce, winter barley scavenger and others.

During the spraying period, annual dicotyledonous and cereal weeds had up to 3 leaves, perennial ones had a rosette of leaves up to 8 cm in diameter, stem up to 5 cm.

The averaged results of assessing the sensitivity of various species of weeds to the composition are presented in table. 2.

Table 2. Biological effectiveness of the herbicidal composition (accounting 45 days after treatment)

Ratio D.V. 1: 111: 11 Consumption rate, g / ha The reduction in the number of weeds,% to control Nicosulfuron (I) Florasulam (W) Tifenesulfuronmethyl (P) Dicotyledonous Cereal. One year old. Many years. The control - - 154 pcs / m 85 pcs / m ' 56 pcs / m 1: 1: 1 14 14 14 95.6 99.3 92.4 5: 1: 10 10 2 20 100 94.3 90.3 4: 1: 1 16 4 4 99.8 99.6 98.5 12: 1: 5 48 4 20 100 100 99.9 16.25: 1: 1.5 58.5 3.6 5.4 100 98.5 99.6 25: 1: 1 25 1 1 87.5 85.8 99.3 25: 1: 10 fifty 2 20 95.4 95.3 98.4 Doubloon Gold (4: 1) 42 - 10.5 84.3 80.2 88.1

Additionally, the effectiveness of the patented composition on certain types of weed vegetation was evaluated (Table 3).

From the data presented in tables 2 and 3 it can be seen that the herbicidal composition at weight ratios of components I: III: II equal to (1-25): 1: (1-10) exceeds the standard in biological effectiveness: a decrease in annual and perennial dicotyledonous weeds is observed to the level of 100%, cereal weeds - up to 99.9%.

Table 3. Biological effectiveness of the herbicidal composition (accounting 45 days after treatment)

Ratio D.V. 1: 111: 11 Consumption rate, g / ha The reduction in the number of weeds,% to control Nicosulfuron (I) Florasulam (III) Tifensu lfuron-methyl (P) Ambro-ZIA hollow Bristle green Sow Thistle Cleavers Field bindweed The control - - 25 pcs / m ' 26 pcs \ m ' 30 pcs / m ² 19 pcs / m ² 26 pcs / m ² 1: 1: 1 14 14 14 94.5 89.5 85.6 80.3 90.4 5: 1: 10 10 2 20 99.3 88.2 82.1 84.3 95.3 4: 1: 1 16 4 4 89.9 93.1 96.8 93.6 82.5 12: 1: 5 48 4 20 97.4 98.4 100 95.4 95.9 16.25: 1: 1.5 58.5 3.6 5.4 97.9 96.2 100 98.5 94.6 25: 1: 1 25 1 1 88.5 96.3 95.5 93.8 81.3 25: 1: 10 fifty 2 20 98.9 95.7 99.4 95.3 88.4 Doubloon Gold (4: 1) 42 - 10.5 83.2 66.9 74.3 63.2 62.1

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Productivity was determined by weighing the grain obtained from 1 ha of the treated surface, and comparing the obtained value with the value obtained in the control.

The average results of the assessment of the impact on the crop are given in table. 4.

Table 4

Ratio D.V. 1: 111: 11 Consumption rate, g / ha Productivity, t / ha Increase to control by productivity Nicosulfuron (I) Florasulam (W) T ifensulfuronmethyl (P) c / ha % The control 18.4 - - 1: 1: 1 14 14 14 35.3 16.9 92 5: 1: 10 10 2 20 35.0 16.6 89 4: 1: 1 16 4 4 36.2 17.8 96 12: 1: 5 48 4 20 40.7 22.3 120 16.25: 1: 1.5 58.5 3.6 5.4 48.4 30.0 162 25: 1: 1 25 1 1 47.3 28.9 156 25: 1: 10 fifty 2 20 39.7 21.3 115 25: 1: 15 fifty 2 thirty 29.9 11.5 62 30: 1: 5 60 2 10 32.0 13.6 73 Doubloon Gold (4: 1) 42 - 10.5 31.8 13.4 72

The data in the tables indicate the high efficiency of the herbicidal composition with the stated ratios and its advantages over the reference preparation: long-term protection is provided (biological effectiveness reaches 99% at the time 45 days after treatment) in relation to the extended spectrum of annual and perennial dicotyledonous, as well as cereal weeds; It does not have a phytotoxic effect on corn, and also contributes to an increase in corn productivity by 17-90%.

Claims (7)

CLAIM 1. Highly effective herbicidal composition with a long period of protective action, containing nicosulfuron (I) and tifensulfuron-methyl (II), characterized in that the composition includes an additional herbicide - floraasulam (III) in an antidotally effective amount, in which the weight ratio of components I: III : II are in the range (1-25): 1: (1-10). 2. The highly effective herbicidal composition according to claim 1, characterized in that for the preparation of preparative forms it further comprises agrochemically acceptable excipients, such as fillers, diluents, surfactants, disintegrants, acidity correctors, thickeners and / or antifoam agents. 3. The highly effective herbicidal composition according to claim 2, characterized in that it is a liquid formulation. 4. The highly effective herbicidal composition according to claim 3, characterized in that the liquid formulation can be presented in the form of an oil dispersion. 5. The highly effective herbicidal composition according to claim 2, characterized in that it is a solid preparative form. 6. The highly effective herbicidal composition according to claim 5, characterized in that the solid preparative form can be presented in the form of water-dispersible granules. 7. A method of controlling undesirable vegetation, characterized in that the herbicidal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is applied to the weed plants to be destroyed and the places of their growth in agrochemically acceptable consumption rates.