EA026169B1 - Method for producing a finished-part track for an inclined conveyor system for mining trucks and finished-part track for an inclined conveyor system for mining trucks - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a finished-part track for an inclined conveyor system having a conveying platform and a counterweight in opencast mining, the method comprising the following steps: providing a foundation; placing at least one base element, which comprises base members and cross members, onto the foundation; fastening the base element to the foundation; placing track elements onto the base element, while adjustable spacer elements, at least one respective shear cleat, and a support are arranged between the base element and track element; and orienting the track elements relative to one another, with respect to the respective base elements, by means of the spacer elements.

Description

The present invention relates to the final section of the path and the method of its creation. In particular, the invention relates to the final section of the track of an inclined system for transporting mining trucks in open pits.

The invention relates to open pits, in particular for extracting minerals and for removing dumps accumulated during horizontal mining in stepped sections, in which a funnel is formed with an increase in the depth of excavation, which expands upward.

Mining operations on the surface of the earth require that the dumps located in the upper part of the deposit, and therefore the deposits and dumps, be removed, for which the so-called faces, that is, stepped structures, form from the deposits and dumps. The height of the faces, determined by the hardness of the earth, the equipment used and economic considerations, averages about 15 m. Transport routes in the form of inclined planes were made between the faces to remove loose rock. The deeper the excavation, the larger the opening of the mining funnel, expanding upward at an angle from 40 to 60 °. As a rule, material loosened by drilling or blasting (hard rock, dense ores), as well as waste, is transported from the place of extraction to the surface of the earth using dump trucks, in the form of heavy self-unloading cargo vehicles, along transport routes arranged between faces. As production increases, the length of the serpentine increases and the speed up is about 10 km / h, and down about 35 km / h, which requires extremely high concentration from drivers and always carries the risk of serious accidents.

In order to get around this problem, inclined transportation systems are proposed, with the help of which mining trucks are transported empty to the mining site, and then transported from the mining funnel in a loaded state. Essentially inclined conveying systems is a mobile platform that can be moved up and down on an inclined path through appropriate devices.

The transport path going down the slope of the mining funnel makes the serpentine optional, which, on the one hand, greatly simplifies working conditions, and on the other hand, simultaneously reduces the load on mining trucks. A mining dump truck loaded at the bottom of the funnel is located on the bottom mobile platform equipped with means for locking the wheels of the car, after which the dump truck is automatically transported to the top, where the driver gets into the dump truck for its further transportation. Thus, a very flexible, cost-effective interaction is achieved, in which one staff acts at the bottom of the funnel and the other on the ground.

However, the problem with these inclined transportation systems is that, as a rule, inclined paths should be installed using concrete prepared at the construction site, which is expensive, on the one hand, and, on the other hand, makes it practically impossible to extend or change the inclined path in the course of production.

Summary of the invention

The aim of the present invention is to provide a transportation system of a certain class, which can be manufactured and installed directly on the job in a simple and cost-effective manner.

According to the present invention, this goal is achieved using the method and the final section of the path, as defined in the claims.

Thus, the inclined transportation system is installed from the edge of the mining funnel, that is, the quarry on the surface of the earth, to the bottom of the mining funnel, starting from the upper edge of the quarry.

In accordance with the present invention, the transport path of the inclined transportation system is made of prefabricated elements. The inclined transportation system also includes a transport platform, which may be accessible to mining trucks, and a counterweight, which passes under the transport platform along the transport path. Thus, the transport platform and the counterweight move within the transport path along different paths superimposed on each other, while the paths are provided with rails.

In a method of manufacturing a track system from prefabricated elements, a foundation is created at the initial stage. Thus, the track system can be assembled starting from the bottom of the quarry, or from the top edge of the quarry to the bottom. In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, this foundation is constructed from excavated soil, that is, directly from the walls of the quarry. At least one base element is placed on the constructed foundation. This base element is made of at least two base plates, wherein the base plates are separated from each other by at least one transverse beam, and the base plates are connected to the transverse beam. This connection of the base plate with the transverse beam is overlapped (Gogt-Gy) and / or end-to-end (Gogse-P1). An overlap joint, which is carried out by a bolted joint, is considered to be preferable. In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention for this purpose, in

- 1 026169 corresponding places of both the base plate and the transverse beam, metal structures are provided, which, in particular, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, are molded as a unit. In addition, the space provided in the supports for bolting (jacks, recesses, etc.) may be filled with concrete or other suitable material.

To increase stability, it is proposed to create an adhesive layer, that is, an adhesion-enhancing intermediate layer, of appropriate materials between the base element and the foundation.

The base element is fixed in its place in the foundation by means of anchor fasteners, which can also pass through the foundation into the natural subsurface layer. At least in this way, some of the anchor fasteners can be installed in the overlap area of two adjacent base elements, so that the anchors are used to fasten both base elements.

When anchoring, anchors can be installed in structures previously prepared in the corresponding elements of the base, or these structures are created only at the time of installation at the installation site. In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, these structures are holes through which anchors are introduced into the subsurface layer. However, other structures are possible with which anchors can be connected. The number of anchors primarily depends on the mass of the assembly to be anchored and the state of the subsurface layer.

After performing anchor fastening, at least one path element, and in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least two path elements are placed on and connected to the base element. On the other hand, the base element can be installed together with the path elements, in which structures for anchors can already be made, or these structures can be prepared at the installation site, while these structures can pass through the corresponding path element or through base element. Preferably, the path elements are identical for the two paths, which eliminates the need to manufacture, store, and install different elements.

The individual elements of the path are aligned with respect to each other with the help of spacing elements that are located between the base element and the path element. In addition, individual irregularities, or possible gaps, that have formed both between adjacent supporting sections and between adjacent sections of the track and adjacent rails laid on these sections of the track can be filled, and these sections can be connected in this way. This is particularly preferable with respect to rails, since the vibrations of the transport platform, i.e. the counterweight, can be reduced.

In addition, the corresponding boundary elements of the base and the elements of the path can be connected by means of such connecting structures as tension anchors, threaded joints, or any other joints overlap, butt or by adhesion. The same connections are possible for connecting the transverse beam and the base plate.

An assembly track element comprises at least one base beam, at least one track element and a plurality of spacing elements that are located between the base beam and the track elements to align them with each other. In addition, at least one shear lock is provided, which is also located between the base beam and the path element, and which transfers static and dynamic loads acting on the path element, to the base beam / base element and, thus, to the foundation by anchor fasteners. In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shear locks are centered and aligned with each other both in the path element and in the base beam. There can be no interlayer between the shear contact surface of the lock and the material of the base / track beam or, for example, metal plates can be inserted between them. In addition, consoles that receive shear forces (not in the direction of platform / counterweight movement) are provided on the base beam. They absorb potential shear forces and transmit them to the foundation through anchor fasteners.

The base beam may also be provided with at least one structure at both ends, pointing to the next base beam during installation, which allows the base beams to be connected to each other, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, such a joint is an overlap connection, which allows the beam the foundation, being fixed to the foundation, is no longer held by an additional structure. The bottom of the base elements, facing the foundation, can be used, roughly speaking, as an insert, that is, fastened with fixing strips or similar structures made on the base element, and can be connected to the foundation, that is, with the subsurface layer, by pouring liquid solution. In addition, for the purpose of reinforcing, shelves can be placed in the gaps formed between the transverse beams and the base plates. In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, these shelves are geometrically designed to be held between the base beams and the transverse overlapping beams.

- 2 026169

Elements of the path comprise two levels at different heights of each base beam, and together with another base beam of the base element, form two paths, which, as a result of different height levels, are superimposed on each other and consist of two rails each. These rails can be connected to the track element either directly or through plug-in structures. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rails are composed of two parts, so that the upper part of the rail is connected to the lower part of the rail using a removable connection. Said lower part is removable or rigidly connected to the path element. For example, the lower part of the rail - or with a non-separable structure, one rail, can be cast directly with the track element. This has the advantage that the worn top of the rail can be replaced without the need for complex welding. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rails for the two tracks are of the same size and therefore there is no need for different types of rails at the construction site. Between the base element and the path elements are spacing elements that can change the distance between the two elements. In addition, the spacing elements can be placed in such a way as to ensure the transfer of dynamic and static loads, perceived by the track section, on the base element. Thus, you can do without a lock from the shift. In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the spacer element is made in the form of a spindle with a trapezoidal thread and a mounting nut, that is, with a threaded sleeve. Then, such a spacing element is inserted into the base beam, that is, into the path element in such a way that it is subject to adjustment, and the corresponding screw part can mate with the nut when assembling both elements. In general, any kind of spacing element (wedges, hydraulic presses, etc.) can be used. The distance elements ensure precise alignment of transport paths relative to each other for the platform and the counterweight, even with lower accuracy of installation of the base elements. In addition, after adjusting the intermediate distance, it may be preferable to unload the spacing elements, at least in part, by means of a support between the path element and the base beam.

In addition, the path element can be provided with spacers that receive shear forces, which, in turn, are equipped with guide pulleys for the cable. In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each path is provided with a special strut, perceiving shear forces, and guide pulleys. However, a central strut is also possible. Separate guide pulleys not designed to transmit shear are also possible. Struts receiving shear forces, together with consoles that receive shear forces, reinforce the prefabricated elements in the most preferred way.

As possible materials for prefabricated elements are concrete and steel, however, in their manufacture it is possible to use composite materials, as well as secondary, if appropriate.

On the outer sides of the base plates, devices can be provided for fastening the handrails and stair segments so that a passage can be provided next to the tracks.

The above features of the invention can be used in any combination without deviating from the essence of the invention. Furthermore, it is not necessary that all functions are provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

The following description provides additional features, characteristics, and advantages in accordance with the preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, which should be considered solely as illustrative and in no way limiting.

Brief Description of the Figures

In FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an inclined mining truck transportation system consisting of prefabricated elements in accordance with the present invention.

In FIG. 2 is a cutaway perspective view of the prefabricated elements of an embodiment of the present invention according to FIG. one.

In FIG. 3 is a side view of the prefabricated elements of an embodiment of the present invention according to FIG. one.

In FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a prefabricated member according to an embodiment of the present invention according to FIG. one.

Detailed Description of an Embodiment of the Present Invention

In FIG. 1 shows an inclined system for transporting mining trucks 1, the transport path of which according to the present invention consists of prefabricated elements 5. Along the transport path 2, both the transport platform 4, on which the mining dump truck 3 can be placed, and the counterweight 6. Transport platform 4 and counterweight 6 moves along paths A and / or B that are superimposed on each other. The slope of the transport path 2 is determined by the angle a, which is usually from 40 to 60 °.

In FIG. 2 shows a prefabricated element 5, the main elements of which are the base element 51, consisting of two base beams 510 (only one is shown), and three transverse beams 520

- 3 026169 (only one is represented), as well as four elements of path 52 (only two are shown). The base element 51 is connected to the elements of the path 52 by means of locks from the shift 53 and a plurality of distance elements 54, as well as supports 60. The distance elements 54 are secured by anchors in the beam of the base 510 and in the elements of the path 52, forming an adjustable connection of elements 510 and 52. The distance elements 54 are made in the form of lifting blocks based on spindles with trapezoidal thread. After adjusting the spacing elements 54, the supports 60 unload the spacing elements 54, at least in part.

The prefabricated element 5 is provided with two paths A and B, which is also shown in FIG. 2. The aforementioned paths A and B are located one above the other so that when they meet, the counterweight 6 can move under the transport platform 4. Paths of different levels pass alongside due to the shape of the base beams 510, where the connecting elements (shear locks, distance elements, base elements and etc.) for elements of the path 52 are located at different levels. The width of the inner and lower paths for the counterweight 6 is less than the width of the path of the transport platform 4.

Each of the paths A and B consists of a pair of rails 55 (shown schematically). In this embodiment of the present invention, crane rails of 150 536 A 150 type are used.

As seen in FIG. 3, the assembly member 5 is provided with a shear lock, however, only a shear lock 53 is shown between the base beam 510 and the path element 52. Each of the locks from the shear 53 of the assembly 5 consists of an upper part 53a and a lower part 53b. The upper part 53a is located in relation to the lower part 53b from above and overlaps the lower part 53b. In this way, static and dynamic stresses can be transmitted to the corresponding beam of the base 510 of the base member 51 by friction engagement of the two parts 53a and 53b. Each of the locks from the shift is centered in the beam of the base 510. The overlap of the two parts 53a and 53b of the lock from the shift should be so large that a sufficiently large overlap surface is provided to transmit static and dynamic stresses even at the maximum distance between the base beam 510 and the path element 52 .

The path element 52 is further provided with a plurality of holes 59 into which anchors are inserted for subsequent connection of the base element with the foundation. The number of holes 59, and hence the anchors used in the prefabricated element 2, primarily depends on the load that needs to be transferred, such as the anchors and the subsurface layer. Holes 59 can already be made in the manufacture of the prefabricated element, or they can be made at the installation site in the quarry, depending on the number of anchors required for a particular section.

In FIG. 3 shows overlapping zones, that is, the engagement zones C and соответственно, respectively, by which adjacent prefabricated elements are engaged with each other. In addition, consoles 511 that receive shear forces, base beams 510, which support the path element 52 on the sides, and together with struts 56 that accept shear, reinforce the assembly member 5. A handrail 512 is attached to the consoles 511 that receive shear forces. Together with a flight of stairs 513, the handrails 512 form a staircase next to the platform transport path. On a longitudinal section E shows the use of inserted plates in the lock from shear.

In FIG. 4 shows a section through a substantially symmetrical construction of the prefabricated member 5. The prefabricated member 5 is further provided with two struts 56 and 57 that accept shear forces that support the respective paths A and B. These spacers 56 and 57 that receive shear forces prevent deformation of the prefabricated element 5. In this embodiment of the present invention, the struts 56 and 57, which receive shear forces, also carry a plurality of guide pulleys for cables 58, with which the cables are guided crawled for oblique transport system 1. Shown side passages on the base beam 510, console 511, sensing the shear forces. Spacers 56 and 57, which accept shear forces, and consoles 511, which receive shear forces, reinforce the elements of the path 52. Anchor fastenings are made through holes 59, both in the base beams 510 and in the transverse beams 520. The interface area of the base beam 510 with transverse beam 520. In the areas of the allocation of E and P (dotted line) shows the locks from the shift 53 between the corresponding elements of the path 52 and the base beams 510.

Claims (19)

CLAIM 1. The method of creating the final section of the path of the inclined transportation system for mining trucks containing a transport platform and a counterweight, in the openings, which create the foundation; place at least one base element (51) on the foundation; fasten the base element (51) to the foundation; at least one path element (52) is placed on the base element (51) using adjustable spacing elements (54) and at least one support (60) located between 4,026,169 between the base element (51) and the path element (52) ), after which the path element (52) and the base element (51) are connected by means of adjustable adjustable spacing elements (54) and at least one lock (53) against displacement; then align the elements of the path (52) with respect to each other and with respect to the corresponding elements of the base (51) with the help of distance elements. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that when placing the base element (51) perform the following actions: place at least two base plates on the foundation; then the base plates are spaced by means of at least two transverse beams, after which the base plates with transverse beams are attached to the base element (51). 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the insert is installed between the transverse beams of the base element. 4. The method according to one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that after aligning the elements of the path (52) relative to each other, the corresponding distance is fixed in place by the supports (60). 5. The method according to one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that the adjacent elements of the base (51) are connected to each other. 6. The method according to one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that in the zone of connection of two adjacent base elements, the base element is fixed to the foundation. 7. The method according to one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that they create the final section of the path from the upper edge of the quarry. 8. The final part of the track for the inclined transportation system for mining trucks, containing a transport platform and a counterweight, including a foundation; at least one base element (51), placed and fixed on the foundation; at least one path element (52) for placement on the base element (51); a plurality of spacing elements (54) located between the base element (51) and the path element (52) for aligning them with respect to each other, and at least one lock (53) against shear and at least one support (60) located between the base element (51) and the path element (52). 9. The final part of the path according to claim 8, characterized in that the base element (51) contains at least two base plates placed on the foundation, and at least two transverse beams spacing the base plates, while the base plates and transverse beams equipped with appropriate connecting structures. 10. The final part of the path according to claim 8, characterized in that the base beam is equipped with consoles, perceiving shear forces. 11. The final part of the path according to one of paragraphs.8, 9, characterized in that the base beam is equipped with rails and steps. 12. The final part of the path according to one of claims 8, 9, characterized in that at least one insert is installed between the transverse beams of the base element (51). 13. The final part of the track according to one of claims 8, 9, characterized in that the elements of the track (52) are provided with at least one rail, forming a rail track for the transport platform or counterweight (s). 14. The final part of the track according to one of claims 8-12, characterized in that the rail is rigidly connected to the track element (52). 15. The final part of the track according to one of claims 8 to 14, characterized in that the rails are made up of several parts, while the assembled rail and the track element (52) are provided with respectively defined fastening elements. 16. The final part of the track according to one of claims 8-14, characterized in that the base element (51) is provided with fixing holes for ground anchors for fastening to the foundation. 17. The final part of the path according to one of claims 8 to 14, characterized in that the base element (51) is provided with connecting elements at both ends for overlapping with the corresponding connecting elements on adjacent base elements (51) and / or the path element (52 ) is equipped with connecting elements at both ends for overlapping connection with the corresponding connecting elements of adjacent track elements (52). 18. The final part of the path in accordance with 17, characterized in that the connecting elements of the adjacent elements of the path (52) are connected by bolts. 19. The final part of the path according to one of paragraphs.8-14, characterized in that it contains guide pulleys.