EA023450B1 - Waste recycling facility for processing bitumen-containing wastes of soft roofing materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to civil engineering, in particular, to utilization of roofing materials the components of which can be used in roof repairing, road repairing, and in production of new bitumen-containing materials. The waste recycling facility for processing of bitumen-containing wastes of soft roofing materials includes a unit for preliminary, mechanised (to a possible level) crushing of pieces of ruberoid-bitumen roof claddings to produce smaller pieces, a grinder of small pieces of ruberoid-bitumen roof claddings, a belt conveyor for linking of the preliminary crushing unit with the grinder, a ground material sorting unit comprising an inlet pipe fixed on its front end wall and a multi-facet rotatable drum with perforated walls mounted inside the unit, a tubular duct for connection of the discharge casing of the grinder with the inlet pipe of the sorting unit, a dust-like bitumen collecting unit with air deflectors and a purified air discharge device, an air duct connecting the cavities of the sorting unit and the duct-like bitumen collecting unit, storage bins for bitumen powder, dust-like bitumen and ground bitumen cardboard. The novel features are that the inlet pipe is additionally fitted with an agitator mounted on the rotatable drum, and the tubular duct is made of elastic material and is additionally fitted with a shaker mounted on a support platform cantilevered on the front end wall of the sorting unit, and is also additionally equipped with a detector for detecting maximum allowable blocking but excluding complete stopping of the ground materials flow, and with a system for automatic deblocking, the agitator is L-shaped and includes a scraper located inside the inlet pipe over its entire length, in parallel to its inner surface, with a minimum possible gap, and a vertical bracket rigidly connected at the bottom in a cantilever manner with the free end of the scraper and fixed at the top on the front end wall of the rotatable drum by means of bolts and one common washer with individual respective holes and bendable locking lugs; the shaker comprises a vibrator with an electric drive and a working tool contained in a housing mounted on the support platform, a pusher connected at the bottom with the working tool interacting with the vibrator and connected at the top with a contact plate whose back side contacts snugly the elastic tubular duct in front of the inlet pipe in case of accumulation of ground material in its inside cavity, at the place of the sharp bend, a support spring fitted over the pusher and located between the contact plate and the support platform, rods extending perpendicularly and fixed in a cantilever manner on the edges of the contact plate at the bottom, their free ends fit the guide sleeves on the support platform; the maximum allowable blocking detector with a sensor element is located on a bracket mounted on the support platform so that its height h can be adjusted in accordance with the level of sagging of the elastic tubular duct under weight of milled material accumulated therein, and the acting element is fixed on the free end of one of the rods and is able to interact, through the air gap, with the sensor element of the detector in case of their maximum approaching due to development of the named blocking; the system for automatic removal of blocking in the elastic tubular duct includes a program-command unit, START and STOP buttons connected respectively to the first and second inputs of the named unit, the maximum allowable blocking detector connected to the third input of the named unit, a system operating condition signaller connected to the first output of the named unit, and the electric drive of the vibrator connected to the second output of the named unit. The improvements provided make it possible to improve attendance conditions, to reduce labour intensity, to decrease forced downtimes and time losses, to increase productivity, improve reliability of operation and efficiency of the facility.

Description

The complex relates to the field of construction, and more specifically to the disposal of used roofing. Processing products can find application in repair and construction work on roofs, as well as in road repairs and the production of new bitumen-containing materials.

A known complex for processing bitumen roofing materials, including the installation of preliminary slightly mechanized crushing of large pieces of ruberoid-bitumen roofing coatings into smaller ones (machine for cutting seams), a shredder of small pieces of ruberoid-bitumen roofing coatings, a conveyor belt for connecting the preliminary crushing plant to the grinder, means for eliminating the sticking of bitumen on the working elements of the grinder, installation (sieve) for sorting the crushed material, tubular the first box (casing) for connecting the grinder to the sorting installation, the dust collecting (crushed) bitumen collecting unit with the device (pipe) for outputting purified air to the outside, the air duct (casing) for connecting the sorting unit cavities and the dust collecting bitumen collecting unit, bitumen powder storage (bins) , dusty (crushed) bitumen and bituminized cardboard [1].

In this complex, the installation of preliminary slightly mechanized crushing is performed in the form of smaller pieces placed at the discretion of a maintenance worker, protective casing, receiving and base plates from the cleaned pieces of ruberoid-bitumen roofing coatings placed near the conveyor belt on the bed of the working shaft with a drive and a circular knife .

However, this complex has the following disadvantages:

firstly, there are a lot of manual operations in the entrance control zone and conditions are not convenient enough for inspecting pieces of bitumen-bitumen roofing, removing unnecessary items and unnecessary small materials, as well as moving to the preliminary crushing unit the cleaned mentioned pieces, which significantly increases the complexity and increases loss of time, slows down the technological process of the complex and reduces its productivity;

secondly, after laying the cleaned pieces of ruberoid-bitumen roofing coatings on the receiving plate of the preliminary crushing plant, manual operations are additionally required to turn these pieces in a horizontal plane and feed them to a circular knife, as well as to dump smaller ones cut at his discretion on a conveyor belt pieces, which also worsens the conditions of service, increases the complexity, increases the loss of time, slows down the technological process of the complex and reduces its productivity;

thirdly, the participation of the service worker in arbitrary cutting of smaller pieces from large pieces of bituminous-bitumen roofing bitumen roofing does not guarantee that their sizes are kept within the acceptable limits, therefore, when exceeding small pieces of acceptable sizes, congestion in the grinder, breakdowns and emergency situations are possible, which reduces reliability complex work.

Also known is a complex for processing bitumen-containing wastes of soft roofing materials, including the installation of preliminary maximally mechanized crushing of large pieces of roofing-bitumen roofing coatings into smaller ones, a grinder of small pieces of roofing-bitumen roofing coatings, a conveyor belt for connecting a preliminary crushing plant with a grinder, a crushing plant for sorting crushed material with an inlet pipe fixed to its front end wall and placed inside a faceted rotating drum with hole walls on it, a tubular box for connecting the discharge casing of the chopper with the inlet of the sorting installation, a dust-collecting bitumen collection unit with air deflectors and a purged air outlet device, an air duct for connecting the cavities of the sorting installation and dust-collecting bitumen collection installation, bitumen powder storage devices , dusty bitumen and shredded bituminized cardboard [2].

In this complex, the installation of preliminary maximally mechanized crushing is made in the form of protective protective layers of roofing-bitumen roofing coatings smaller than the permissible sizes, mechanically tearing or chopping off previously cleaned pieces of roofing bitumen roofing coatings located above a belt conveyor on a bed of a working shaft with a drive and chopping knives a casing with loading and unloading windows, a receiving and supporting plates, as well as a restrictive bar in the area of the loading window, with The volume of the preliminary crushing plant is additionally equipped with an attached receiving table located in the inspection and entrance control zone, a flyover with a guard rail and a ladder located along it, as well as mechanized delivery of pieces of ruberoid-bitumen roofing coatings directly to the receiving table and stores of sorted objects and small materials, and the receiving the table is made obliquely directed towards the loading window of the pre-crushing plant and with grooves for pouring out unnecessary small materials, as well as a tray located under it, inclined toward the drive to collect unnecessary small materials.

This complex is the closest to the claimed facility in terms of technical nature and the achieved result.

However, in it, as well as in other known similar complexes, there are the following disadvantages: 1,023,450:

firstly, the vertical arrangement of the discharge casing of the chopper and the inclined location of the connecting pipe and the sorting unit at a slight angle relative to the horizontal plane determines the curved design of the tubular box connecting them and creating inside it in the place of a sharp bend in front of the inlet pipe an obstacle and considerable resistance to the flow of crushed materials , as well as creating conditions there for its accumulation and the formation of a focus of blockage, and when reaching the maximum complete clogging, the termination of full throughput, resulting in frequent forced downtime and large losses of time for dismantling the tubular duct, eliminating clogging and re-installing it, which worsens service conditions, increases labor costs, significantly reduces productivity, reduces the reliability and efficiency of the complex;

secondly, the curved shape of the tubular box complicates and increases the cost of its manufacture, which reduces the efficiency of the complex;

thirdly, the manufacture of a tubular duct from a metal sheet increases its mass, complicates the design of the connecting nodes, complicates its installation and dismantling, which also reduces the efficiency of the complex.

The objective of the invention is to improve service conditions, reduce the complexity, reduce downtime and reduce time losses, increase productivity, increase the reliability and efficiency of the complex.

This problem is solved due to the fact that in the complex for the processing of bitumen-containing wastes of soft roofing materials, which includes the installation of preliminary maximally mechanized crushing of pieces of roofing-bitumen roofing coatings into smaller ones, a grinder of small pieces of roofing-bitumen roofing coatings, a conveyor belt for connecting the preliminary crushing installation with a grinder, a plant for sorting crushed material with an inlet pipe fixed to its front end wall and once with a multifaceted rotating drum with holes on it, a tubular box for connecting the discharge casing of the chopper with the inlet of the sorting plant, a dust collector for collecting bitumen with air deflectors and a device for outputting purified air to the outside, an air duct for connecting the cavities of the sorting plant and a dust collector for collecting dust bitumen powder, dusty bitumen and shredded bitumen cardboard, in accordance with the invention, the input pipe it is additionally equipped with a agitator, and the tubular box is made of elastic material for the first time and is additionally equipped with a shaker mounted on a supporting platform, cantilever mounted on the front end wall of the sorting unit, and is also equipped with a sensor for detecting the maximum allowable clogging in it, but not allowing complete termination the flow of crushed material, and an automatic elimination system for this blockage, while the agitator is L-shaped and contains a scraper, located inside the inlet pipe along the entire length parallel to its inner surface with the smallest possible clearance, and a vertical bracket, rigidly connected below the cantilever with the free end of the scraper and fixed at the top on the front end wall of the rotating drum by means of bolts and one common washer with individual corresponding holes and unbending stopping antennae; the shaker contains a vibrator with an electric drive and a working body, placed in a housing mounted on a supporting platform, a pusher connected at the bottom with a working body that interacts with the vibrator, and at the top with a contact plate tightly in contact with the back side in front of the inlet pipe with an elastic tube box at the bottom accumulation in its internal cavity in the place of sharp bending of the crushed material, supporting a spring, dressed on a pusher and located between the contact plate and the supporting platform, terzhni perpendicular cantilever and enshrined at the edges on the bottom of the contact plate and placed with their free ends into the guide sleeve on the supporting platform; the maximum allowable clogging detection sensor with a sensing element is mounted on an intermediate bracket mounted on a supporting platform with the possibility of adjusting the height and location of this sensor in accordance with the amount of elastic tubing sagging down under the weight of the aforementioned clogging, and the acting element is fixed on the free end of one of the rods with the possibility of interaction through the air gap with the sensor element of the sensor at their maximum approximation in Performan achieve the above blockage; the automatic blockage elimination system in an elastic tubular duct includes a program-command block, START and STOP buttons connected respectively to the first and second inputs of this block, a maximum blockage detection sensor connected to the third input of the block, an operating status indicator of this system connected to the first output of the block, and an electric vibrator connected to the second output of the block.

An elastic tubular box is made, for example, from a flexible, relatively light and sufficiently durable canvas canvas.

The supporting spring is made with a force sufficient for lifting and stable holding in the upper extreme position of the contact plate together with the rods, the acting element, the pusher and the working body of the vibrator, in the absence of extraneous influences on this plate.

The sensor for detecting the maximum allowable clogging is fixed by screws placed in a longitudinal groove made on the intermediate bracket parallel to the contact plate rods and equipped with a common washer with an indication of the height of this sensor and the possibility of their joint movement, and in parallel with the specified groove, a ruler is fixedly fixed on this bracket with measuring scale of the specified height.

The program-command unit includes three logical elements AND, three logical elements OR, three logical elements NOT, an element of an adjustable time delay AND sufficient to eliminate blockage in an elastic tubular duct, and an element of an adjustable time delay! 2, sufficient for complete vibration attenuation by shaker, while the first input of the block is connected to the first input of the first OR element, the output of which is connected to the first input of the first AND element, the second input of the block is connected through the first element NOT to the second input the first AND element, the output of which is connected to the first output of the block, the first inputs of the second and third AND elements and the second input of the first OR element, the third input of the block is connected to the first input of the second OR element, the output of which is connected to the second input of the second AND element, the second output of the block connected to the output of the second AND element, the second input of the second OR element, and through the time delay element AND to the first input of the third OR element, in the third AND element, the second input is connected to the output of the third OR element, the third input - to the output its element is NOT, and the output is with the second input of the third OR element, through the second element NOT with the third input of the second AND element, and through the time delay element! 2 with the input of the third element NOT.

Based on the above data and comparison of the claimed object with analogues and prototype, it can be seen that the proposed technical solutions in this complex meet the criterion of inventive step and are new, and their industrial applicability is confirmed by the following detailed description of the structural design of the proposed complex and the principle of its operation.

In FIG. 1 shows a functional diagram of the proposed complex for the processing of bitumen-containing waste soft roofing; in FIG. 2 - pre-crushing plant, view A in FIG. one; in FIG. 3 - location and mounting on a sorting plant of agitator, shaker, detection sensor in an elastic tubular duct of the maximum allowable plugging and its automatic elimination system, tearing B - B in FIG. one; in FIG. 4 - agitator, general view; in FIG. 5 - also, side view; in FIG. 6 - also, a top view; in FIG. 7 - a washer common for the agitator mounting bolts with individual holes for them and unbending fixing antennae; in FIG. 8 - placement of the sensor mounting screws, common for the sensor mounting screws placed in a longitudinal groove on the intermediate bracket, with an indicator of its height relative to a ruler with a measuring scale of the indicated height also fixed on this bracket, view B in FIG. 3; in FIG. 9 is a connection diagram of the signal, command and executive devices of the automatic system for eliminating clogging in a tubular duct; in FIG. 10 is a functional logic diagram of a program-command unit.

The proposed complex for processing bitumen-containing wastes of soft roofing materials includes installation of 1 preliminary maximally mechanized crushing of pieces of roofing-bitumen roofing coatings into smaller ones, a grinder 2 small pieces of roofing-bitumen roofing coatings, a belt conveyor 3 for connecting the unit 1 of preliminary crushing with a grinder 2, installation 4 sorting crushed material with an inlet pipe 6 fixed on its front end wall 5 and placed inside many granular rotating drum 7 with hole walls 8 on it, a tubular duct 9 for connecting the discharge casing 10 of the grinder 2 with the inlet pipe 6 of the sorting unit 4, a dust collecting bitumen collecting unit 11 with air deflectors 12 and a cleaned air outlet device 13, an air duct 14 for connecting the cavities sorting plants 4 and plants 11 collecting dusty bitumen, accumulators 15 bitumen powder, 16 dusty bitumen and 17 crushed bituminous cardboard.

Installation 1 of the preliminary maximum mechanized crushing is made in the form of a working shaft 19 located above the conveyor belt 3 on a bed 18 with a drive 20 and chopping knives 21 with the possibility of providing mechanized tearing or chopping off pre-cleaned pieces of roofing bitumen roofing coatings of smaller, not exceeding permissible sizes , a protective casing 22 with loading 23 and unloading 24 windows, a receiving 25 and a supporting plate 26, as well as a restrictive bar 27 in the area of the loading window 23, while Pre-crushing plant 1 is additionally equipped with an attached receiving table 28 located in the inspection and input control zone, an overhead deck 29 along with a guard 30 and a ladder 31, as well as a means of mechanized delivery 32 to the receiving table 28 pieces of roofing bitumen roofing coatings and drives 33, 34 sorted respectively 3,023,450 items and small materials, moreover, the receiving table 28 is made obliquely directed towards the loading window 23 of the installation of 1 preliminary crushing and with grooves 35 for spilling unnecessary small materials, as well as a tray 36 located underneath, inclined toward the storage 34 to collect unnecessary small materials, while means 32 for mechanized delivery of large pieces of roofing-bitumen roofing coatings to the reception table 28 made, for example, in the form of a bucket forklift.

Installation of 1 preliminary maximally mechanized crushing of large pieces of ruberoid-bitumen roofing coatings into smaller ones can significantly reduce the number of manual operations and significantly reduce the complexity, as well as increase the efficiency of this complex.

In this case, the tubular box 9 is made for the first time of an elastic material, for example, of a flexible, relatively light and sufficiently strong canvas canvas.

The proposed implementation of the tubular duct 9 from an elastic material made it possible by external manifestation (shape change, sagging) to not only judge the processes of formation of blockage in its internal cavity, but also made it possible by technical means to fix and inform about the formation of this blockage in a timely manner, as well as immediately automatically carry out its liquidation;

In addition, this proposed implementation of the tubular duct 9 significantly reduces its weight, simplifies the design of the connecting nodes, facilitates its installation and dismantling, significantly reduces the cost of its manufacture, which further increases the efficiency of this complex.

The inlet pipe 6 of the sorting unit 4 is additionally equipped with an agitator 37, made L-shaped and containing a scraper 38, located inside the inlet pipe 6 along the entire length parallel to its inner surface with the smallest possible clearance, and a vertical bracket 39, rigidly connected below the cantilever with the free end of the scraper 38 and fixed at the top on the front end wall 40 of the rotating drum 7 by means of bolts 41 and one washer 42 common to them with individual corresponding holes 43 and folding legs mustache 44.

The proposed use of such a tedder 37 eliminates the formation of blockages in the inlet pipe 6, which helps to reduce downtime and loss of time for restoration work, increase productivity, increase the reliability of work and the effectiveness of this complex.

The proposed mounting of the agitator 37 on the front end wall 40 of the rotating drum 7 made it possible to get rid of the use of a separate drive for it, which greatly simplifies the design and reduces the cost of its manufacture.

The proposed implementation of one common washer 42 for mounting bolts 42 with corresponding holes 43 and folding tabs 44, made it possible by simpler means to provide a sufficiently strong fixation on the drum 7 of the agitator 37 and ensure its stable and reliable operation.

The tubular box 9 is additionally equipped with a shaker 45 mounted on a supporting platform 46, cantileverly mounted on the front end wall 5 of the sorting unit 4, and also equipped with a sensor 47 for detecting the maximum permissible clogging in it, but not allowing the complete termination of the flow of crushed material, and the system 48 to automatically eliminate this blockage.

The shaking unit 45 contains a vibrator 49 with an electric actuator 50 and a working body 51, placed in a housing 52 mounted on a supporting platform 46, a pusher 53 connected at the bottom with a working body 51 interacting with a vibrator 49, and at the top connected to a contact plate 54, which is in close contact the reverse side in front of the inlet pipe 6 with an elastic tubular duct 9 below, when crushed material is accumulated in its internal cavity in the place of a sharp bend 55, supporting a spring 56, mounted on a pusher 53 and located between the contact the plate 54 and the supporting platform 46, the rods 57, perpendicularly and cantileverly fixed at the edges on the contact plate 54 below and placed with their free ends in the guide bushings 58 on the supporting platform 46.

The supporting spring 56 is made with a force sufficient to lift and hold the contact plate 54 in the upper extreme position together with the rods 57, the pusher 53 and the working body 51 of the vibrator 49, in the absence of extraneous influences on this plate.

The proposed implementation of the shaker 45 made it possible by mechanical means to destroy and eliminate the resulting blockage, completely eliminating downtime, dismantling and installation of the box 9, manual labor, as well as large losses of time for restoration measures, which contributes to a significant increase in productivity, a significant increase in the reliability of work and the effectiveness of this complex.

The sensor 47 for detecting the maximum allowable blockage (for example, contactless inductive, manufactured by the industry) is placed on the intermediate bracket 59, mounted on

- 4 023450 to the supporting platform 46 with the possibility of adjusting the height B of the location of this sensor in accordance with the depth of subsidence of the elastic tubular duct 9 under the weight of the aforementioned blockage, and the acting element 60 is fixed to the free end of one of the rods 57 with the possibility of interaction through an air gap with a sensitive element 61 of the sensor 47 at their maximum approximation as a result of achieving the above blockage.

Moreover, the sensor 47 is fixed with screws 62 placed in the longitudinal groove 63 made in the intermediate bracket 59 parallel to the terminals 57 of the contact plate 54 and provided with a common washer 64 with a pointer 65 for the height of this sensor and the possibility of their joint movement, and parallel to the specified groove 63 on this bracket is also placed and permanently fixed ruler 66 with a measuring scale 67 of the specified height.

The proposed implementation of the sensor 47 and its supporting structures allows it to provide a stable kinematic connection and interaction with the most sensitive section of the elastic tubular duct 9 in the place of its sharp bend 55, and also allows you to automatically respond and promptly alert service personnel about a critical condition and taking immediate measures to eliminate the maximum permissible blockage formed inside, which significantly improves service conditions and increases the effect vnost application that complex.

The proposed placement of the sensor 47 and its mounting using the pointer 65 of the height of the sensor and the measuring line 66, made it possible to easily and quickly set the required height in accordance with the amount of subsidence of the elastic tubular duct 9, which significantly speeds up commissioning, improves service conditions, reduces loss of time and increases the effectiveness of this complex.

The automatic blockage elimination system 48 in an elastic tubular duct includes a program-command block 68, START and 70 STOP buttons, respectively connected to the first and second inputs of this block 68, the maximum allowable blockage detection sensor 47, connected to the third input of block 68, a signaling device 71 of the operational state of this system, connected to the first output of block 68, and an electric actuator 50 of vibrator 49, connected to the second output of block 68.

The program-command block 68 includes three logic elements 72, 73, 74 AND, three logic elements 75, 76, 77 OR, three logic elements 78, 79, 80 NOT, element 81 of the adjustable time delay 11, sufficient to eliminate the blockage in an elastic tubular box, and an element 82 of an adjustable time delay 12, sufficient for complete attenuation of vibrations on the shaker, while the first input of block 68 is connected to the first input of the first element 75 OR, the output of which is connected to the first input of the first element 72 AND, the second input of block 68 connected through the first element 78 NOT with the second input of the first element 72 AND, the output of which is connected to the first output of block 68, the first inputs of the second and third elements 73, 74 AND and the second input of the first element 75 OR, the third input of block 68 is connected to the first input of the second element 76 OR the output of which is connected to the second input of the second element 73 AND, the second output of block 68 is connected to the output of the second element 73 AND, the second input of the second element 76 OR and through the element 81 delay time 11 with the first input of the third element 77 OR, in the third element 74 AND the second input is connected to the output by the third element 77 OR, the third input - with the output of the third element 80 NOT, and the output - with the second input of the third element 77 OR, through the second element 79 NOT with the third input of the second element 73 AND, and through the element 82 time delay 12 with the input of the third element 80 is NOT.

The use of system 48 with the proposed composition of operational, command and executive devices, as well as the proposed composition of logic elements in the program-command unit 68 and the proposed functional-logical diagram of their interconnections, made it possible immediately after the formation of the maximum allowable blockage in an elastic tubular duct 9 instantly start automatically controlling the mechanized process of destruction and elimination of this blockage, not leading to the complete cessation of the flow of crushed material and downtime, completely eliminating the dismantling and installation of the box 9, manual labor, as well as large losses of time for restoration measures, which significantly increases productivity, significantly increases the reliability and efficiency of this complex.

The use of element 81 in the program-command unit 68 with the proposed adjustable time delay 11 made it possible, depending on various circumstances, to easily and quickly set the necessary optimal duration for eliminating the blockage in the elastic tubular duct 9, which increases the efficiency of this complex.

The use of element 82 in the program-command unit 68 with the proposed adjustable time delay 12 made it possible, depending on the features of the auxiliary construction of the sensor 47, to quickly and easily set the necessary optimal duration for vibration attenuation on the shaker, which also increases the efficiency of this complex.

The proposed complex for the processing of bitumen-containing waste soft roofing materials works as follows.

After making sure that the complex is ready for operation, first turn on the system by controlling all the equipment (not shown), and then turn on the system 48 by acting on button 69

- 5,023,450

START, as a result of which a signal appears at its output, the first input of the program-command block 68, the first input and output of the first logical element 75 OR, the first input of the first element 72 I.

The presence of signals simultaneously at all inputs of the element 72 AND causes the appearance of a signal at its output, the second input of the element 75 OR (remembered), the first inputs of the second and third elements 73, 74 And, the first output of block 68 and the input of the signaling device 71, informing about readiness for work system 41 for the automatic elimination of blockage and finding it in continuous monitoring and process control in the inner cavity of the duct 9.

After that, using the means of mechanized delivery 32, for example, a bucket forklift truck, they start unloading 28 large pieces of bitumen-bitumen roofing coatings directly to the receiving table, while manual operations are completely eliminated, which significantly reduces the complexity and time loss, improves service conditions, and accelerates the process in general, increase productivity and increase the efficiency of this complex.

The worker inspects the unloaded pieces one by one, cleans them and removes unnecessary sorted items in the corresponding drive 33, then moves the cleaned pieces 83 along the receiving table 28 to the loading window 23 of the pre-crushing unit 1 and dumps it onto its receiving plate 25.

Since the receiving table 28 is made obliquely directed towards the loading window 23, the movement of the cleaned pieces 83 is much easier, the labor input and time losses are reduced, the service conditions are improved, which also helps to speed up the process as a whole, increase productivity and increase the efficiency of this complex.

During cleaning of the unloaded pieces of roofing-bitumen roofing coatings, unnecessary small materials wake up through specially made grooves 35 on the receiving table 28 and enter the tray 36 located below it.

Since the tray 36 is made obliquely directed toward the location of the drive 34 of unnecessary small materials, these materials arrive at their destination spontaneously under their own weight, which further reduces the number of manual operations and loss of time, improves service conditions, helps to accelerate the process as a whole, increase productivity and increase the efficiency of the use of this complex.

The peeled piece 83 of bitumen-bitumen roofing received on the receiving plate 25 automatically moves under its own weight down to the stop with the working shaft 19, and each chopping knife 21 alternately tears off (cuts) smaller pieces from this piece, no larger than 150x150 mm in size.

The inclined arrangement of the receiving plate 25 completely eliminates the use of manual operations when crushing the cleaned pieces of roofing bitumen-bitumen roofing, which further reduces the complexity and loss of time, improves service conditions, helps to accelerate the process as a whole, increase productivity and increase the efficiency of this complex.

Chopping knives 21 on the working shaft 19 of the pre-crushing unit 1 exclude tearing small pieces larger than the permissible sizes from the peeled pieces 83 of bitumen-bitumen roofing coatings larger sizes 150x150 mm, which prevents congestion and breakdowns in the grinder 2, guarantees the stability of the process as a whole, increasing the reliability and efficiency of the complex.

The restrictive strip 27 in the area of the loading window 23 prevents the peeled pieces 83 of roofing-bitumen roofing coatings from tipping over on its receiving plate 25 and ensures that the pieces are properly organized in order to move these pieces in order under their own weight, which ensures the stability of the preliminary crushing process and the technological process as a whole, improving the reliability and efficiency of the use of this complex.

Small pieces torn off from peeled pieces of 83 roofing-bitumen roofing coatings with dimensions of no more than 150x150 mm under their own weight are fed to the conveyor belt 3, and then to the grinder 2.

At installation 1 of the preliminary crushing, manual operations for loading the conveyor belt 3 are completely excluded, which significantly reduces the complexity and time loss, improves the service conditions and the process as a whole, increases productivity and increases the efficiency of this complex.

Since 2 pieces entering the grinder are of relatively small sizes, the coating mass of bitumen is separated from the cardboard base in a significantly short time, bitumen is converted into bitumen powder (fine-grained material) and dusty bitumen, and the cardboard base breaks into small pieces.

Further crushed material (bitumen and cardboard) passes through a calibrated grid 84 due to

- 6 023450 created by the grinder 2 centrifugal forces and air flow, and then comes through its discharge casing 10, an elastic tube box 9 and the inlet pipe 6 into the rotating drum 7 of the installation 4 sorting.

In a rotating drum 7, powdered bitumen pours out through its perforated walls 8 and enters the drive 15, and the crushed cardboard is separated and fed into the drive 17.

Dusty bitumen enters with the air stream through the air line 14 from the sorting unit 4 into the collecting unit 11, where it meets the air deflectors 12 along the way and enters the accumulator 16, and the air stream at the outlet meets the outgoing device 13 in a cleaned form.

To facilitate reloading operations and improve service conditions, drives of 15 - bitumen powder, 16 - dusty bitumen, 17 - shredded cardboard, 33 - sorted unnecessary items and 34 - sorted unnecessary small materials are made in the form of a container on wheels with a device for convenient capture by mechanized means moving, for example, garbage trucks.

Since during the operation of the proposed complex, the drum 7 of the sorting installation constantly rotates, the agitator 37 also rotates with it, the scraper 38 of which is continuously moving along the inner surface of the inlet pipe 6 of the sorting installation 4, completely preventing the grinding of material there and the formation of blockage, which contributes to increased reliability and efficiency of the use of this complex.

But if during the operation of the proposed complex there will be an excessive accumulation of crushed material in the internal cavity of the elastic tubular duct 9 in the place of its sharp bend 55 and the formation of the maximum permissible clogging there, then under the weight of this material this duct begins to sag, which overcomes the force of the supporting spring 56 and moves down the contact plate 54 together with the rods 57, the actuating element 60 and the pusher 53 with the working body 51 of the vibrator 49.

With the maximum approximation of the acting element 60 to the sensing element 61 of the sensor 47, a signal appears at its output, which is fed to the third input of block 68, the first input and output of the second OR element 76, and the second input of the second element 73 I.

The presence of signals simultaneously at all inputs of the second element 73 AND causes a signal to appear at its output, the second input of the second element 76 OR (remembered), the input of element 81 (the countdown of the time delay AND starts), the second output of block 68 and the input of the drive 50, resulting in the vibrator 49 is switched on and vibrates through the working body 51 and the pusher 53 to the contact plate 54, which acts on the most sensitive section of the elastic tubular duct 9 and gradually destroys the blockage in its inner strips tee, and the tearing away small parts are picked up by the pumped chopper 2 by the air flow and transferred to the sorting unit 4.

After breaking up the resulting blockage and completing the countdown for this operation, the time delay P appears, a signal appears at the output of element 81, the first input and output of the third element 77 OR, the second input of the third element 74 I.

The presence of signals at the same time at all inputs of the third element 74 AND causes a signal to appear at its output, the second input of the third element 77 OR (remembered), the input of the time delay element 12 and the input of the second element 79 NOT.

The presence of a signal at the input of the second element 79 DOES NOT cause the signal to disappear at its output, the third input and output of the second element 73 AND, the second input and output of the second element 76 OR (memory reset), the second output of block 68, the input of the drive 50 (shut off the vibrator 49) , the input and output of the element 81 time delay P (return to its original position).

After the final destruction of the resulting blockage in the elastic tubular duct 9, its shape changes, sagging disappears and the lower part spontaneously rises to its original upper position, as well as the contact plate 54 is released, as a result of which it also returns to the upper extreme position under the influence of the supporting spring 56. together with the rods 57, the acting element 60 and the pusher 53 with the working body 51 of the vibrator 49, after which the signal at the output of the sensor 47, the third input of the block 68 and the first m OR element inlet 76.

The appearance of the signal at the input of the element 82 after turning off the drive 50 of the vibrator 49 leads to a countdown of the time delay 12, and when it reaches sufficient vibration to be completely attenuated on the shaker 45, a signal appears at the output of the element 82, which is supplied to the input of the third element 80 NOT.

The presence of a signal at the input of the third element 80 does NOT cause the signal to disappear at its output, the third input and output of the third element 74 AND, the input of the second element 79 NOT, the second input and output of the third element 77 OR (memory reset), the input and output of the time delay element 82 12 (return to the initial position), after which the system 48 again switches to the continuous monitoring and process control mode in the internal cavity of the elastic tubular duct 9, and when a blockage is detected, it automatically returns to the instant response mode and does not its slow elimination that

- 7 023450 guarantees an uninterrupted technological rhythm, high productivity, reliable operation and efficient use of this complex.

Based on the foregoing, it can be seen that the proposed complex compares favorably with known similar complexes and has the following advantages:

firstly, the proposed implementation of a tubular duct made of an elastic material, made it possible to judge the occurring processes of formation of blockage in its internal cavity by its external manifestation (shape change, sagging), and also made it possible by technical means not only to automatically fix and inform about the formation of this blockages, but also immediately to automatically eliminate it;

secondly, the proposed implementation of an elastic tubular duct from a flexible and sufficiently strong tarpaulin canvas made it possible to significantly reduce its weight, simplify the design of the connecting nodes, facilitate assembly and disassembly, significantly simplify and reduce the cost of its manufacture, which increases the efficiency of this complex;

thirdly, the proposed use of the agitator made it possible to exclude the formation of blockages in the inlet pipe of the sorting plant, which helps to reduce downtime and loss of time during restoration measures, increase productivity, increase the reliability of work and the efficiency of this complex;

fourthly, the proposed mounting of the agitator on the front end wall of the rotating drum, made it possible to get rid of the use of a separate drive for it, which greatly simplifies the design, reduces the cost of its manufacture and increases the efficiency of this complex;

fifthly, the proposed implementation of one common washer for fixing bolts with an unbent retaining tendrils made it possible with simpler means to provide a sufficiently strong fixation of the agitator on the drum and ensure its stable position, which increases the reliability and efficiency of this complex;

sixth, the proposed implementation of the shaker made it possible by mechanical means to destroy and eliminate the obstruction formed inside it, completely eliminating downtime, dismantling and installation of the box, manual labor, as well as large losses of time for restoration measures, which contributes to a significant increase in productivity, a significant increase in the reliability of work and the effectiveness of the use of this complex;

seventh, the proposed implementation of the supporting spring with a force sufficient to lift and hold in the upper extreme position of the contact plate together with the rods, the acting element and the pusher with the working body of the vibrator, in the absence of extraneous influences on this plate, made it possible to use automatic detection the maximum allowable blockage in an elastic tubular duct and means of notification about this, which contributes to a significant improvement in the conditions of service and ciency application of this complex;

eighth, the use of the proposed detection sensor for the maximum allowable blockage and auxiliary structures for it made it possible to immediately automatically respond and timely notify maintenance personnel about a critical condition and immediate adoption of measures to eliminate this blockage, which significantly improves service conditions and increases the efficiency of this complex ;

ninthly, the proposed implementation of the detection sensor for the maximum allowable blockage with an indicator of the height of its movement, made it possible to easily and quickly set the required height in accordance with the amount of subsidence of the elastic tubular duct under the weight formed inside its blockage, which significantly improves service conditions and reduces time losses during commissioning and increases the efficiency of this complex;

tenth, the proposed implementation of the automatic blockage elimination system made it possible immediately immediately after the formation of the maximum allowable blockage in an elastic tubular duct to automatically begin to automatically control the mechanized process of its destruction and elimination, without leading to a complete cessation of the flow of crushed material and downtime, completely eliminating dismantling and installation of the box 9, manual labor, as well as large losses of time for restoration measures, which significantly increases the manufacturer NOSTA, significantly improves the reliability and operation efficiency of this complex;

eleventh, the proposed implementation of the program-command unit and the use of an element with the proposed adjustable time delay H made it possible, depending on various circumstances, to quickly and easily establish the necessary optimal duration of time for the destruction and elimination of blockage in the elastic tubular duct 9, which improves service conditions and increases the efficiency of the use of this housing;

twelfth, the use of an element in the program-command unit with the proposed adjustable time delay of 12 made it possible to quickly and easily set the necessary optimal length of time for vibration damping on the shaker, which also improves the service conditions and increases the efficiency of this complex.

The proposed complex can be widely used in waste-free processing of old ruberoid-bitumen roofing coatings and the manufacture of various ground bitumen-containing materials from the resulting crushed components (bituminous powder, dust-like bitumen and crushed bituminized cardboard) and the creation of mixtures using these materials for waterproofing building structures, foundations roofing and paving, as well as for the repair of old and new roofing and roads GOVERNMENTAL coatings.

Information sources:

1. Patent for inventions of the Russian Federation No. 2251456, MKI V02C 9/12, 10.20.2002

2. Eurasian patent for invention No. 016163, MKI C10C 3/00, BO3B 9/02, B09B 3/00, 08/12/2010

Claims (5)

CLAIM 1. Complex for processing of bitumen-containing wastes of soft roofing materials, including the installation of pre-maximally mechanized crushing of pieces of ruberoid-bitumen roofing coatings into smaller ones, a shredder of small pieces of ruberoid-bitumen roofing coatings, a belt conveyor for connecting the pre-crushing unit with a shredder, the installation of sorting crushed material with a fixed on its front end wall of the inlet pipe and placed inside a multi-faceted rotating a drum with perforated walls on it, a tubular box for connecting the discharge casing of the shredder with the inlet fitting of the sorting plant, a dust bitumen collection unit with air deflectors and a clean air output device, a pipe for connecting the sorting cavities and a dust bitumen collection unit, accumulators of bitumen powder, Dusty bitumen and crushed bituminized cardboard, characterized in that the inlet pipe is additionally equipped with a agitator, installed The tubular box is made of elastic material for the first time and additionally equipped with a shaker mounted on a carrier platform mounted on the front end wall of the sorting unit and additionally equipped with a detection sensor in it for the maximum allowable blockage, but not allowing full stopping the flow of crushed materials, and a system for the automatic elimination of this blockage, while the agitator is L-shaped and contains a scraper located in dry the entire length of the inlet nozzle parallel to its inner surface with the smallest possible gap, and a vertical bracket rigidly connected at the bottom console with the free end of the scraper and fixed at the top of the front end wall of the rotating drum by means of bolts and a common washer for them with individual corresponding holes and bent down stop mustache; The shake-up device contains a motor-driven vibrator with a working body, placed in a housing mounted on a carrier platform, a pusher connected below with a working body that interacts with the vibrator, and at the top - with a contact plate, tightly touching the back side in front of the inlet nozzle with an elastic tubular duct at the bottom a cluster in its internal cavity at a place of sharp bending of the crushed material, supporting a spring, mounted on a pusher and located between the contact plate and the carrier platform, rods perpendicular and cantilevered at the edges on the contact plate from the bottom and placed with their free ends in the guide bushings on the carrier platform; The sensor for detecting the maximum allowable occlusion with a sensitive element is placed on a bracket mounted on a carrier platform with the possibility of height adjustment AND the location of this sensor in accordance with the amount of sinking down the elastic tubular box under the weight of the above obstruction, and the acting element is fixed on the free end of one of the rods the possibility of interaction through the air gap with a sensitive element of the sensor at their maximum convergence as a result of dos izheniya aforementioned clogging; the system of automatic elimination of blockage in an elastic tubular box includes a program-command block, START and STOP buttons connected respectively to the first and second inputs of this block, a maximum allowable blocking detection sensor connected to the third block input, an indicator of the operating state of this system, connected with the first output of the block, and an electric vibrator connected to the second output of the block. 2. The complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the tubular box is made, for example, from a flexible, relatively lightweight and fairly durable canvas canvas. 3. The complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the supporting spring is made with a force sufficient to lift and firmly hold the contact plate in the upper extreme position together with the rods, the acting element, the pusher and the vibrator working body, in the absence of extraneous influences on this plate . 4. The complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the detection sensor of the maximum allowable occlusion is fixed with screws placed in parallel with the mounting bracket - 9 023450 rod contact plate longitudinal groove and equipped with a common washer with an indicator of the height of the sensor and the possibility of their joint movement, and parallel to the specified groove on this bracket is also fixed a ruler with a measuring scale of the specified height. 5. The complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the program-command block includes three AND logical elements, three OR logical elements, three NOT logical elements, an AND adjustable time delay element sufficient to eliminate the blockage in the elastic tubular box, and an element of adjustable time delay 12, sufficient for complete attenuation of vibrations on the shaker, while the first input of the block is connected to the first input of the first OR element, the output of which is connected to the first input of the first And element, the second input of the block is connected by black the first element is NOT with the second input of the first element AND, the output of which is connected to the first output of the block, the first inputs of the second and third elements AND and the second input of the first OR element, the third input of the block is connected to the first input of the second OR element, the output of which is connected to the second input The second element is AND, the second output of the block is connected to the output of the second element AND, the second input of the second element OR and the time delay element 11 to the first input of the third element OR, in the third element AND the second input is connected to the output of the third el OR ment, the third input - with the output of the third NOT element, and an output - to a second input of the third OR gate, through a second NOT element - the third input of the second AND gate and via the delay element 12 - to the input of the third element is not. Komilaskh on perera5 () gpke5shtmlos.oEet1a.irm opsoSa8 soft KryaZeljatsh matershmeb