EA012818B1 - Rotor for rotary machine and a rotary machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a rotor (2) for a rotary machine and to a rotary machine equipped with said rotor, wherein the rotor (2) revolves in a gaseous or liquid medium and has, at least on one of its lateral surfaces (4), a profile (3) with at least one convex elevation (19) for producing a pressure difference. This rotor (2) is characterized by the fact that the convex elevation (19) is formed as an airfoil profile (3) of an aircraft, and the rotor (2) has an axial cavity (6) on the inside. In this case, the rotor (2) is connected to at least one chamber (12, 21) for guiding the medium provided in or away, wherein at least one passage opening (5) is provided between the cavity (6) and the outer lateral surface (4) in the region of the airfoil profile (3). Such a rotor (2) within different housing formations (7) forms a rotary machine, which can be used as a pump, a compressor, a condenser, a blower, a turbomachine, a turbine or as a pressure neutralizer.

Description

The invention relates to a rotor blade machine according to the restrictive part of claim 1 of the claims and to the blade machine according to the restrictive part of claim 11 of the claims.

Blade machines are distinguished by the fact that they create a pressure drop in a gaseous or liquid medium or are driven by a pressure drop in an environment of this kind. To do this, such bladed machines, as a rule, have a rotor that is installed in a gaseous or liquid medium with the possibility of rotation relative to the stator and due to its shape or layout creates a pressure drop or converts the pressure drop in the medium into rotational motion. Machines of this kind primarily include most of the pumps, compressors, turbomachines, turbines or wind energy converters that have rotors of various designs and, in most cases, are installed rotatably in the housing as a stator.

From ΌΌ 293181 A5, a vane machine in the shape of a pump is known, having a cylindrical or cone-shaped rotor mounted eccentrically rotatably in the pump casing. This rotor is connected to the drive and, during rotation, forms a sickle-shaped rotating working chamber of the pump, by means of which mainly oil is transported as a liquid from the inlet to the outlet. This hydrodynamically operating pump creates an oil wedge when rotating in a rotating housing, which leads to an increase in pressure in the pump working chamber and thus transports the oil from the inlet to the outlet. In this case, the rotor has a relatively smooth circular outer surface, by means of which an increased pressure is created in the fluid solely due to its eccentric trajectory of rotation. Of course, this kind of eccentric rotating rotor in a cylindrical housing, due to its unstructured surface, is hardly suitable if there is a gaseous medium in the pump chamber.

From ΌΕ 10319003 A1, a wind energy converter rotor is known, through which wind energy is converted into electrical energy. In this case, the rotors consist of a shaft installed in the stator, on which the rotor blades are deflected outward at equal-angle intervals. In this case, the rotor blades have the form of a symmetrical wing of the aircraft bearing surface, which is provided with a cylindrical lateral surface in the direction of flow and due to this, has a convex expansion, tapering at an acute angle back. The blades of the rotor in the direction of the wind are arranged so that the air flowing around them, like a gaseous medium, according to the Bernoulli equation creates a pressure differential, as a result of which a rotor is attached to the rotor installed in the stator. Since the blade of the type under consideration causes a disturbing eddy formation at its narrowing angle at an acute angle, depressions are provided transversely to the wind direction on the blade profile. As a result, pressure is established on the upper side less than on the lower side, which leads to an increase in the driving head, due to which the vortex formation decreases and energy conversion can be carried out with a higher efficiency. A rotor of this kind is provided, however, solely for use in air or gaseous media and, due to its long blades and the diameter of the body required for this reason, for working with liquid media is hardly applicable.

From ΌΕ 4223965 A1, a turbomachine rotor is known, in which at least one faceplate is mounted on a shaft fixed in bearings, on the outer cylindrical surface of which protruding short blades are mounted, rotating in a gaseous medium. This rotor is located in the stator and rotates with a large number of revolutions through the shaft. When this gaseous medium from the inlet with a high degree of compaction is fed into the outlet. This kind of turbomachine rotor, however, is generally not suitable for liquid media, since they are not compressed and therefore light vanes can be easily damaged.

From ΌΕ 19719692 A1 a rotary pump is known with an inner-rotor rotor inside the rotor, characterized by a very durable rotor-rotor-internal rotor. In this case, the pump includes a housing with a rotating eccentric ring installed in it, in which the outer and inner impellers are rotatably mounted. In this case, the inner impeller is an internal rotor with a large number of teeth located on its external surface, which is located with the possibility of rotation in the external rotor. The outer rotor covers the inner rotor with its inner surface, on which the inward-facing teeth are also mounted. At the same time, both internal and external teeth are located along the entire length of the surface and are essentially a convex symmetrical elevation, with six convex elevations on the outer surface of the inner rotor, and seven convex elevations on the inner surface of the external rotor. The internal cavity of the outer rotor is connected to one inlet and one outlet, located opposite each other. As a result of the rotational motion of the inner rotor, the rotational motion of the outer rotor in the eccentric ring is also carried out, therefore, a certain number of chambers with a variable volume between the teeth of the inner and outer rotors are formed. As a result, the fluid in the chambers is sucked into the expanding chambers and pushed out of the decreasing chambers. A hydraulic fluid is provided as a fluid, which as a result of

- 1 012818 thus the pressure differential is injected from the inlet to the outlet. Since this type of rotor consists of at least two coaxially tooth-equipped parts, which must also have a different number of teeth and fit well together only with very precise manufacturing, this kind of rotor design requires very large manufacturing costs and is equipped with some rubbing, wearing parts.

The task of the invention is to create a universal rotor for a variety of designs of blade machines, durable, almost maintenance-free and, in addition, easy to manufacture.

This problem is solved using the invention described in PP.1 and 11 of the claims. Improvements and preferred embodiments of the invention are presented in the dependent claims.

The advantage of the invention is that due to the wing profile on one of the rotor surfaces, as a result of the Bernoulli effect caused by the rotor movement or the flow of a gaseous or liquid medium, a reduced pressure effect is manifested above the wing profile, therefore this kind of rotor is applicable to both liquid and gaseous n Since the influence of pressure or the effect of suction does not manifest itself due to the formation of rotating sealable chambers, it is possible, which is an advantage, to transport the medium containing solids, therefore, rotors of this kind are well suited for continuous movement of granular products or dispersions.

In addition, the advantage of the invention is that due to the streamlined wing profile in the medium used and outside there is only a slight vortex formation and, apart from the bearings, there is no contact with the stator or other parts of the rotor, therefore the bladed machines equipped with such a rotor create the runtime is very little noise and has virtually no friction losses and losses in the flow. Since the rotor according to the invention is hollow inside and creates a pressure drop only due to the gentle profile of the wing on one of the side surfaces, it can be made with a very small weight so that only small masses can be accelerated, as a result of which it is possible to create a blade machine not only with little friction and small flow turbulence, but also with high efficiency.

Due to the small mass of the rotor and the largely symmetrical design, as well as the central rotation, a very small centrifugal action is also created, so this kind of rotor can be mainly operated with a large number of revolutions. Due to this, large pressure drops are also achievable at high flow rates, which makes it possible to achieve at the same time high performance when transporting the provided gaseous or liquid medium or the solids contained in it.

Since the pressure drop created with the rotor surface so profiled in accordance with the invention is practically proportional to the number of revolutions, at a constant rotational speed, there is practically no pressure or volume fluctuation. Due to the wing profile on the lateral surface, as the rotor rotates, a pressure drop is constantly created, which does not depend on the external pressure of the medium, therefore it is preferable to pump high-density gaseous media or liquids from a great depth at static pressure on the surface.

The rotor corresponding to the invention and the blade machine equipped with it can be used not only for transporting or creating pressure when there is a drive, but also for creating a rotational motion when a certain medium is supplied under pressure in the form of a flow, in order to produce mainly energy in the form of, for example, electric current kinetic energy of water or wind.

In the case of a multi-stage construction of a rotor according to the invention and a blade machine equipped with it, with higher axial steps and no changing amount of the flowing substance, higher pressures are achievable or with coaxial steps, due to an increase in the profile surface, more flowing substances can preferably be transported.

Details of the invention is disclosed on the example of one of the variants of its implementation, which is displayed on the drawing. The figures show the following:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a pump with a single-stage rotor for a pump;

FIG. 2 is a front view of a pump with a rotor for the pump;

FIG. 3 is a top view of a pump with a rotor for the pump;

FIG. 4 - impeller plate for the pump rotor;

FIG. 5 - the location of the plate elements of the impeller for the rotor of the pump;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a pump with a multistage rotor; and FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the drive turbine.

FIG. 1 as a vane machine is shown in perspective a pump 1, which as a roto

- 2 012818 ra pump includes a single-stage hollow rotor 2, having on the side surface of 4 nine elements 3 with a wing profile, between which are the through holes 5 in the internal cavity 6.

The depicted pump 2 is a structure that is driven mainly by water as a liquid medium. The pump 2 consists mainly of a stationary housing 7 as a stator, in which the rotor 2 of the pump is located. The rotor is mounted in the housing 7 for rotation in two bearings 8 and has in its center a shaft 9 connected to a drive motor 9 not shown in the figure. The housing 7 has an essentially cylindrical shape and on its outer side surface has an outlet 11 for removal of pumped water. On the left end or side surface of the housing 7 there is provided an inlet 10 for admitting pumped water into the cavity 6, which is connected to the supply line that is not shown in the figure. The inlet 10 is connected to the cavity 6 of the rotor 2 and together with it forms the inlet chamber 12. With the help of such a pump 1, in principle, any liquid media, such as water, oil, etc., as well as all mixed with solids liquids, such as dispersions.

FIG. 2 shows a front view of the above-described pump 1, which, in particular, also shows the location and design of the rotor 2. In this case, the rotor 2 consists mainly of a impeller 20 of cylindrical shape, having a cavity 6 inside, which in the depicted pump 1 has an inlet chamber

12. On the outer side surface 4 of the rotor 2 with equal angular intervals are nine convex elevations 3, which form an axially passing wing profile on the outer tangential side surface 4 of the rotor 2. Since the rotor 2 has several wing elements 3 on its outer tangential side surface 4 which, when rotated, in accordance with the Bernoulli effect, can create a zone of reduced pressure and in a gaseous medium, such as, for example, in air, it is possible to move, compact or suck all the gas a variety of media and gaseous media mixed with bulk materials.

In the end zone of the element 3 of the wing profile are provided through holes 5 in the internal cavity 6 or in the inlet chamber 12 of the pump 1, in which the pumped medium, such as water, is located. A top view of the axial design of the pump 1 is depicted, in particular, in FIG. 3. In FIG. 3 that the rotor 2 in the axial direction is made in the form of a plate. These plates, due to the elements of the 3 wing profiles, are cut from flat sheet metal predominantly with a laser or stamped. While the rotor 2 consists mainly of lamellar disks 13 and a system of lamellar elements 14, forming the impeller 20.

Shown in more detail in FIG. 4 plate discs 13 and in FIG. 5, the plate elements 14 in the form of an axial block of plates form an impeller with tangential side surfaces 4. As depicted in FIG. 3, the rotor 1 consists of three blocks of lamellar elements 14, to the outer side surfaces of which are attached along a lamellar disk 13. In this case, the lamellar disk 13 consists mainly of a flat steel plate which, for operation in water-containing liquid media, is anticorrosive or made of stainless special become. The lamellar disk 13, as well as lamellar elements 14, are usually made of the same material, which, depending on the medium used, may consist of other metals, hard plastics, composite materials with artificial fibers or ceramics. Each lamellar disk 13 has a circular hole 23 with a diameter of, for example, 250 mm and the smallest external diameter of approximately 360 mm. At the same time, the lamellar disk 13 has predominantly nine identical angular zones, each 40 ° each, on the outer tangential side surface 4 of which there is one convex elevation 19, which in the opposite direction of the rotation 18 of the hollow goes down into the output zone 24 and forms the profile element 3 wing. The convex elevation 19 has, with respect to the end of the descending part of the profile, an elevation of 19 approximately 45 mm and a radius of approximately 20 mm. The output of the profile zone 24 which decreases in the direction opposite to the rotation 18 has a concave rounding with a radius of 167 mm and extends over a distance of approximately 70 mm. A convex elevation 19 with a lowering concave exit zone 24 thus forms on the side surface 4 a wing profile. Element 3 of the wing profile ends with a somewhat elevated tip 25, which acts as a spoiler and substantially weakens the turbulence at the tear-off edge.

After weakening the turbulence of the tip 25 in the direction opposite to the rotation 18, there follows a tangential flat surface, whose minimum distance from the axis of rotation 26 and which at a distance of about 5 mm passes tangentially to this axis. This flat surface limits the passage openings 5 in the axial direction and finishes each individual element 3 of the wing profile on the tangential outer side surface 4 of the rotor 2. Moreover, each lamellar disk 13 is formed with preferably identical elements 3 of the wing profile located in the same angular zones and at the same distance from the axis of rotation 26.

Between the two outer plate disks 13 are installed for the execution of the depicted rotor 2 pump three layers of plates, each of the nine plate elements 14, which on their outer radial edges have the same element 3 of the surface profile as the plate discs

- 3 012818 KI 13. For the execution of the impeller 20 of the rotor 2, the individual lamellar elements 14 are connected congruently in one line with the element 3 of the wing profile plate 13 or other blocks of plates and form as a result of this axial impeller or part of the impeller, which on its outer tangential side surface 4 forms a uniform axially oriented element 3 of the wing profile. The lamellar elements 14 are then installed tangentially distant from each other and are all connected to lamellar disks 13, and the gap between the lamellar elements forms a through-hole 5 through which the provided medium under the effect of reduced pressure is sucked out of the cylindrical cavity 6 located inside outward along the lowering element 3 of the wing profile.

For a streamlined design of these openings 5, separate lamellar elements 14 are provided with a convex bend 15 in their rear zone and with a concave bend 16 in their front zone, allowing the flow to flow mostly without turbulence. In this case, the convex bend 15 passes on the inner edge also into a concave bend, which corresponds to the radius of the hole 23 of the lamellar disk 13, for example 125 mm. Thus, the rotor 2 forms inside the axially passing cylindrical cavity 6 as the inlet chamber 12.

For fastening the impeller 20 with the drive shaft 9, not shown star-shaped connecting elements are preferably provided, which are rigidly connected to the drive shaft 9 and preferably at least one of the lamellar discs 13. In another embodiment of the invention, the wing profile element 3 can also be mounted on internal tangential side surface, and the rotor 2 in this case, the outside has a circular side surface 4, resulting in the direction of flow is reversed and arr The outlet chamber 21 is formed in the cavity 6 of the impeller 20 or the rotor 2.

For operation of pump 1, the rotor 2 is driven to rotate with a predetermined number of revolutions and a direction of rotation 18, so that on the outer side surface 4 in the direction of rotation 18 behind convex elevation 19 is created, according to the Bernoulli effect, a reduced pressure or pressure drop relative to the surrounding gaseous or liquid medium, as a result, the medium is sucked in from the inner cavity 6 with a higher pressure to the outside. In this case, the pressure drop depends mainly on the rotational speed or the peripheral speed of the impeller 20. The pressure drop increases approximately linearly until the vortex formation at the separation edge or other vortexing elements becomes so high that it leads to substantial backpressure. This, however, can be counteracted by the preferred design, in particular, the tearing edges and the creation of circular inlet 12 and outlet 21 chambers, while a linear increase in pressure occurs at a rotational speed of at least 10,000 rpm.

A higher pressure drop also allows you to simultaneously increase the amount of the flowing substance per unit of time, which, however, is limited by the cross-sectional area of the through-holes 5. Of course, the amount of flowing substance or the volume of the flowing substance can be increased in a simple way by increasing the external surface of the profile element 3 wing. In principle, the pressure drop can already be created only by the element 3 of the wing profile on the periphery of the rotor 2 or impeller 20. Of course, it is preferable to circle nine elements 3 wing profiles on the tangential outer side surface to increase the amount of flowing substance and to improve flow conditions. 4 rotors, however, it is possible to install both smaller and larger number of profile elements. A rotor 2 of this kind with at least one element 3 of the wing profile should not be cylindrical, but may also have a circular or conical outer side surface 4, on the basis of which a pressure drop can also be created. At the same time, a rotor of this kind also does not need closed inlet chambers 12 and exhaust chambers 21, since already due to rotation inside a gaseous or liquid medium without a part of the body, a pressure drop is created, which is realized only by means of a bypass or underwater pipeline, which only has to be connected to the inlet chamber 12 or the exhaust chamber 21. In this case, the design of the blade machine mainly determines the possibility of using the process of pressure equalization. For example, a paddle machine with a closed inlet chamber connected to a pipeline can be designed as a suction machine and for gaseous media, otherwise as a vacuum cleaner. On the contrary, the rotor 2 with an insulated exhaust chamber 21 is preferred as a compressor or a fan for a gaseous medium or as a pump for transporting or for equalizing the pressure of liquid media. The rotor 2 of this kind can also be used to create a rotational motion with the available pressure drop of the environment, as well as to generate energy with the existing pressure drops of water or air.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 of a particular embodiment of the invention, several impellers 20 are mounted axially near each other and are separated from each other by separate exhaust chambers 21. In this case, the four impellers 20 shown are mounted on a common drive shaft 9, which is mounted on two bearings 8 in the stator and the body part. All impellers 20 are surrounded by a multisection housing 7, having three partitions 22, and as a result of this forms four exhaust chambers 21, each of which is mounted with the possibility of rotation of one identical impeller 20.

- 4 012818

Each impeller has the same construction as described with reference to FIG. 15 impeller 20, and consists mainly of nine 4 wing profiles 3 located on the outer side surface, between which passage openings 5 are provided to the internal cavity 6. The first impeller 20 has a first inlet 10 in the outer area of the housing 7 in the form of a circular cutout , which provides a connection with the cavity 6 of the first impeller 20 as the inlet chamber 12. The provided gaseous or liquid medium is supplied to this first inlet 10 so that it enters the floor as a design The first inlet chamber 12 of the first impeller 20 is shank 6. If the rotor 2 rotates at a predetermined number of revolutions, a differential pressure is created in the element 3 of the wing profile in the area of the through passage 5, causing the medium to be sucked out of the first exhaust chamber 21 into the surrounding impeller 20. This is an increased pressure in this outlet chamber 21, whose action is manifested through the second inlet 27 in the cavity or inlet chamber of the second impeller 28. This second rotating impeller 28 is again created pressure drop, so the medium with increased pressure enters the second outlet chamber 29. Since the second outlet chamber 29 also has an inlet to the third impeller, each of the following two outlet chambers is provided with the same increase in pressure, so that a four-stage pump of this kind provides a fourfold increase in pressure compared with a single-stage pump 1 with only one impeller 20. A multistage pump of this kind as a vane machine can to be performed with a large number of pressure increase stages, therefore, in this way, depending on the number of turns provided, almost any pressure increase can be achieved.

A multistage pump of this kind as a vane machine can also be performed with radial stages. To do this, several impellers 20 with different outer diameters are installed coaxially into each other and are rotated by a common drive shaft 9. With the help of this kind of coaxially designed vane machine, it is possible not only to create very high pressure, but also to transport with large volumes of substance per unit of time.

FIG. 9 depicts another particular embodiment of the invention representing a drive turbine preferably for a liquid medium. For this purpose, a single-stage cylindrical rotor 2 with elements of the profile of the bearing surfaces located on its outer side surface and through-holes 5 in its cavity, which is of a cylindrical body 7, is provided. The housing 7 has at its one axial end an inlet 10 and at its other axial end an outlet 11 made in the form of a bottleneck. The rotor 2 located in the housing 7 is rotated by a shaft 9 passing through its inlet 10, through which also a predominantly liquid medium, such as water, is also supplied. As a result of the rotation, water is sucked into the surrounding chamber by the outlet chamber 21, therefore, high pressure is created in it, which is discharged through the streamlined narrow outlet 11 in the form of a bottleneck into the environment. Depending on the number of revolutions of the drive and the cross-sectional area of the outlet 11, water flows out at a certain flow rate into the surrounding standing water, resulting in a similar recoil turbine force. With its help, predominantly water vehicles can be set in motion or supplied under high pressure in any direction of the liquid to the same or other media.

Claims (20)

1. The rotor of a blade machine, rotating in a gaseous or liquid medium and having at least one of its side surfaces (4) a profile element (3) with at least one convex elevation (9) to create a pressure drop, characterized in that said convex elevation (9) is in the form of a wing profile element (3), and said rotor (2) has an axial cavity (6) inside and is connected to at least one chamber (12, 21) for supplying or discharging said medium, between the cavity (6) and the outer lateral surface (4) of the rotor in not the wing profile element (3), at least one passage opening (5) is provided. 2. The rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains at least one impeller (20) and a shaft (9) connected to it with the possibility of hard torsion, which is mounted rotatably in the stator (7). 3. The rotor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the impeller (20) is made essentially in the form of a cylinder and has a cavity inside (6) of cylindrical shape, with the wing profile element (3) mounted either on the outer side surface ( 4), or on the inner side surface. 4. A rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least one wing profile element (3) is axially and tangentially mounted on one of the side surfaces (4) of the impeller (20), said profile element (3) wing has at least one radial convex elevation (19), which in the opposite direction of rotation (18) passes an elongated pony - 5 012818 the desired exit zone (24), the removal of which from the axis (26) of rotation decreases with the outer side surface (4), and increases with the inner side surface, and at least one passage opening is located on the final zone or in the final zone (5) into the internal cavity (6). 5. The rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the impeller (20) is made of metal, plastic, including fiberglass composite material or ceramics. 6. The rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the impeller (20) is lamellar and consists of at least one lamellar disk (13) with at least one element (3) of the wing profile and the device of at least one plate element (14) with the wing profile element (3) connected axially coaxially with each other, and the plate elements (14) being tangentially so distant from each other that at least one passage opening (5) is formed. 7. The rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the convex elevation (19), representing the surface of the part of the circle described with a given radius, passing in the opposite direction of the rotor rotation (18) to the lowering exit zone (24), passing rectilinearly, somewhat convexly or somewhat concave, and in its zone or at its end there is a passage opening (5). 8. The rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the lowering exit zone (24) is made somewhat concave and at its end there is a spoiler radially outwardly directed tip (25) in the form of a tearing edge. 9. The rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the impeller (29) is made axially multi-stage, and several spaced apart parts (20, 28) of the impeller, each spaced apart from each other, are installed one after the other, each of which acts as a separate impeller (20, 28), and these parts are still connected to each other or to the shaft (9) with torsional rigidity. 10. The rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the impeller (20) is made radially multi-stage, with several impellers (20) of different diameters mounted coaxially in each other and symmetrically with respect to the axis of rotation (26) and connected to each other with a friend and / or shaft (9) with torsional stiffness. 11. A rotary vane machine according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it has, as a stator, in which the rotor is installed, a housing (7) that, together with or with the outer side surface (4) and / or with the inner surface the rotor (2) forms at least one chamber (12, 21), which, when rotated, has a different pressure compared to the surrounding gaseous or liquid medium. 12. The blade machine according to claim 11, characterized in that the housing (7) as a chamber (12, 21) in which the medium is supplied forms an inlet chamber (12), and as a chamber in which the medium is discharged forms an outlet camera (21). 13. The blade machine according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that it includes at least one rotor (2), the outer side surface (4) of which is surrounded by part (7) of the housing, and that this part of the housing forms at the rotor (2), an inlet chamber (12) or an outlet chamber (21) and has at least one inlet (10) and / or an outlet (11). 14. The blade machine according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that it includes at least one rotor (2), the inner cavity (6) of which is closed by at least one part of the housing (7) and forms a cavity (6) an inlet chamber (12) or an outlet chamber (21), and also has at least one inlet (10) and / or an outlet (11). 15. The blade machine according to any one of paragraphs.11-14, characterized in that it includes at least one inlet chamber (12) and one outlet chamber (21), each of the chambers (12, 21) has an inlet (10) or outlet (11). 16. The blade machine according to any one of the preceding claims 11-15, characterized in that it includes at least one rotor (2) with an axially multi-stage impeller (20, 28), and the fact that the outer side surfaces (4) the impellers are each surrounded by a separate part (7, 22) of the housing, which accordingly has an inlet (27) in the next stage with another part (28) of the impeller or an inlet (10) or outlet (11). 17. The blade machine according to any one of paragraphs.11-15, characterized in that it includes at least one rotor (2) with a radially multi-stage impeller, which is surrounded by a common part (7) of the housing and / or its cavity (6) closed by at least one part (7) of the housing, and at least one part (7) of the housing has an inlet (10) or outlet (11). 18. The blade machine according to any one of paragraphs.11-17, characterized in that it is made in the form of a drive turbine and has at least one rotor (2) with an impeller (20), surrounded by a part (7) of the cylindrical body, surrounds said the rotor (2) and includes an axial inlet (10) for supplying a gaseous or liquid medium and for introducing a shaft (9) and at the opposite axial end has an outlet (11) in the form of a bottleneck. 19. A blade machine according to any one of paragraphs.11-17, characterized in that it is made in the form of a pump, compressor, seal, turbine, turbomachine or pressure converter. - 6 012818 20. The blade machine according to any one of paragraphs.11-17, characterized in that it is made to create a rotational movement using a gaseous or liquid medium and includes at least one inlet chamber (12) for imparting a direction of supply to the pressurized gaseous or a liquid medium, which is designed so that the flow is directed to a convex elevation (19) mounted with the possibility of rotation of the rotor (2).