EP2535558B1 - Method and device for generating drive power by causing pressure differentials in a closed gas/fluid system - Google Patents

Description

Method and apparatus for generating motive power by inducing pressure differentials in a closed gas / liquid system.

DESCRIPTION

The invention relates to a method for generating a continuous driving force by providing kinetic energy of a liquid by inducing pressure differences in a closed gas / liquid system, in particular in an air / water system, as well as an apparatus for implementing the method.

Machines are known which can convert an available kinetic energy of a fluid into power in the form of a rotating shaft. They are commonly referred to as turbocharged engines. Very high power yields with good efficiency can reach such machines with water as the working fluid, in particular Pelton turbines (eg DE 10133547A1 ) for water under high pressure and rather low volume flow. This type of turbine is also referred to as a constant pressure turbine, since the conversion of energy in the impeller takes place at a constant ambient pressure. In technical application, these turbines are commonly used in hydroelectric power plants with large available fall heights. The applicability of this type of turbine is therefore limited to geographical areas which offer very large height differences at close range. In addition, water from the natural cycle, preferably from high-altitude reservoirs, is usually used as the working medium. Energy production is therefore not unlimited and permanently possible.

Also known are turbomachinery. In principle, such machines generate a pressure or enthalpy increase of the working fluid by introducing mechanical power in the form of a rotating shaft. To increase the pressure of water as a working fluid, pumps or reciprocating compressors are used in the art. In both types, the energy transfer takes place directly to the working medium water. Combining the turbo machine pump and the turbo engine radial turbine, which are both operated in a closed circuit with the working fluid water, so you have the technical application of the hydrodynamic converter (eg DE 102006023017A1 ). This translates torque and speed of the two shafts and provides lower output than input power due to friction losses and entropy increase in the system.

Are also known in many technical applications flow around profiles for generating pressure differences. In mostly axial flow turbomachinery these are used as part of the impeller or in aerospace applications as a wing profile. Here, the task of these profiles is always the generation of a force which is to act perpendicular to the main direction of the profile running along the profile flow of a most compressible fluid. As a result, for example, in aeronautical applications buoyancy and on the blades of axial gas turbine wheels torque is generated on the shaft.

The object of the invention is to provide a method for providing continuous kinetic energy by suitable combination of various described above and other technical principles of action and their targeted application with compressible and incompressible medium and to provide a device for implementing and applying the method for the purpose of continuous power output.

This object is achieved essentially by a method having the features of patent claim 1 and by an apparatus for implementing the method having the features of claim 4. Advantageous modifications or additions to the device are the subject of the other claims.

Fig. 1 :

die Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung einer Antriebskraft in der Frontalansicht mit aufgeschnittener Seitenwand des Behältnisses (1);

Fig. 2 :

die Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 1, jedoch mit zusätzlich aufgeschnittener Wand des glockenförmigen Einsatzes (2) mit darin befindlichem Rotor (8) und mit abschnittsweise aufgeschnittenem Hohlkörper (3);

Fig. 3:

die Vorrichtung wie in Fig. 2, jedoch ohne Seitenwand und obere Wand/Deckel des Behältnisses (1), an der Schnittstelle A-A der Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 :

die Vorrichtung wie in Fig. 3 in perspektivischer Aufsicht von vom oben;

Fig. 5 :

die Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 1 ohne Seitenwand und Boden des Behältnisses (1) an der Schnittstelle A-A nach Fig. 2, mit Turbinenrad (12) und dessen Lagerschale (11), in perspektivischer Ansicht von vorn unten;

Fig. 6 :

als Details der Vorrichtung den Rotor (8) nebst Welle (7) sowie das Turbinenrad (12) mit Welle (13) und einem schematisch dargestellten angetriebenen Rad (24);

Fig. 7 :

als Details der Vorrichtung die in Fig. 6 dargestellten sowie zusätzlich zwei Steigrohre (10) und Düsen (22);

Fig. 8 :

einen Längsschnitt durch die Vorrichtung am Mittelpunkt des oberen und unteren Bodens;

Fig. 9 :

als weiteres Detail der Vorrichtung den Rotor (8), ohne Welle (7), mit in Durchsicht dargestellten Kanälen (6);

Fig. 10 :

eine schematische Darstellung des Verfahrens in Form eines Längsschnitts wie bei Fig. 8;

Fig. 11 :

als Detail einen fest an der Innenwand des Einsatzes (2) angebrachten Ring (25) mit Gitterblech (26) und den darin laufenden Rotor (8) ohne Welle (7), in perspektivischer Ansicht von vorn unten;

Fig. 12 :

den Ring (25) mit Gitterblech (26) und den Rotor (8) gemäß Fig. 11, jedoch in perspektivischer Ansicht von vorn oben;

Fig. 13 :

als Details den Ring (25) mit Gitterblech (26), angesetzt an der Innenwand des Einsatzes (2), sowie den Rotor (8) bei aufgeschnittenem Einsatz (2) und aufgeschnittenem Ring (25) mit Gitterblech (26), in perspektivischer Ansicht von vorn oben.

The inventive method and an apparatus for its implementation in a preferred embodiment will be described below with reference to drawings. Show it:

Fig. 1:

the device for generating a driving force in the front view with cut side wall of the container (1);

Fig. 2:

the device according to Fig. 1 , but with additionally cut wall of the bell-shaped insert (2) with therein rotor (8) and with sections cut open hollow body (3);

3:

the device as in Fig. 2 , but without side wall and top wall / lid of the container (1), at the interface AA of Fig. 2 ;

4:

the device as in Fig. 3 in perspective view from above;

Fig. 5:

the device according to Fig. 1 without side wall and bottom of the container (1) at the interface AA after Fig. 2 with turbine wheel (12) and its bearing shell (11), in a perspective view from the front below;

Fig. 6:

as details of the device, the rotor (8) together with shaft (7) and the turbine wheel (12) with shaft (13) and a driven wheel (24) shown schematically;

Fig. 7:

as details of the device in the Fig. 6 and additionally two riser pipes (10) and nozzles (22);

Fig. 8:

a longitudinal section through the device at the midpoint of the upper and lower soil;

Fig. 9:

as a further detail of the device, the rotor (8), without shaft (7), with channels (6) shown in phantom;

Fig. 10:

a schematic representation of the method in the form of a longitudinal section as in Fig. 8 ;

Fig. 11:

as a detail of a fixed to the inner wall of the insert (2) mounted ring (25) with grid plate (26) and the rotor (8) running therein without shaft (7), in a perspective view from the bottom front;

Fig. 12:

the ring (25) with grid plate (26) and the rotor (8) according to Fig. 11 but in a perspective view from the top front;

Fig. 13:

as details the ring (25) with grid plate (26), attached to the inner wall of the insert (2), and the rotor (8) with cut insert (2) and cut ring (25) with grid plate (26), in a perspective view from the front up.

The invention is both and primarily the method which generates two continuous forms of water, namely pressure increase and power in the form of a rotating shaft, a continuous water cycle and thus kinetic energy within the machine, as well as the device for implementation and application this method for the purpose of using the permanently available form of energy and its conversion into mechanical energy in the form of a rotating shaft.

According to the method, in a container enclosed on all sides, which is partly filled with liquid medium and partly with gaseous medium, preferably with water and air, causes a circulation of the liquid medium and thereby generates kinetic energy. In this case, the gaseous medium is in an open on the bottom, preferably bell-shaped insert, within an at least partially arranged above the insert and connected with him firmly and sealed connected hollow body and before commissioning of the system in one or more risers, at least partially, preferably completely, within the enclosed container, but outside of the insert and preferably perpendicular and at its bottom End open and connected with its upper end to the hollow body. The hollow body is in a preferred embodiment, but not indispensable, completely within the enclosed container. The liquid medium enters when filling the container from below in the bell-shaped insert and the risers and rises in this and the risers until the onset of pressure equalization. Thereafter, the container is first closed pressure-tight and then the potential energy of the two media within the device by applying compressed air additionally increased. In the gaseous medium then a specially designed, horizontally arranged and provided with a vertical axis of rotation rotor is motorized in rotary motion. In the previously set, ready state of the system, the level of the liquid medium is within the bell-shaped insert between the lower end and below the bottom of the rotating rotor. This rotor in the form of a disc with a lateral surface of special shape generates at this a negative pressure relative to the pressure of the enclosed gas. This negative pressure leads via tubular open channels within the rotor disk in the hollow body to a corresponding negative pressure. Due to the negative pressure in the hollow body in conjunction with the gas pressure in use, liquid medium is conveyed out of the container into the hollow body by the riser (s) and a kinetic energy is generated and made available in the form of the liquid medium entering the hollow body ,

As a result of the conveying process, a liquid level of low height is formed within the hollow body, whereby the gas pressure in the hollow body relative to the negative pressure generated by the rotor increases, but even lower than the gas pressure remains in use. The flowing into the hollow body liquid medium is made of it aspirated through channels within the rotor disc due to the effective pressure differences and travels back to the liquid level in use, so that during the rotation of the rotor there is a cycle with continuous provision of kinetic energy.

The applied gas pressure and the rotational speed of the rotor in use determine the flow rate and rate of the liquid medium and thus the kinetic energy generated. The ratio between flow rate and speed can also be controlled via nozzles at the outlet of the riser pipes.

The generated and available in this form kinetic energy of the liquid medium can be removed via suitable devices, such as. B. a constant pressure turbine, the turbine wheel is offset from the jet of impinging water or other liquid medium in motion, generate drive power for stationary or mobile use.

The device according to the invention consists in the illustrated embodiment of a container closed on all sides (1) in the form of a barrel, a ball, a cube or a cuboid or in another form, in this container (1) on its underside open, preferably bell-shaped insert (2) is used. A preferably spherical hollow body (3) is arranged on the upper side of the insert (2). In a preferred embodiment, the hollow body (3) extends with part of its height into the insert (2), wherein in the region of the connection of insert (2) and hollow body (3) sealing against the container (1). However, the hollow body (3) does not have to reach into the insert (2).

At its lower end, the hollow body (3) has an outlet opening (4) and an extension piece (5). The insert (2) and the hollow body (3) are arranged in the illustrated embodiment completely within the container (1), so that in In this case, the top of the container (1) is formed according to the executed geometric shape. However, it is also within the scope of the invention that the top of the container (1) from an annular cover, the upper part of the insert (2) and the upwardly projecting part of the hollow body (3) is formed. In addition, it is possible according to the invention for the upper side to be formed from an annular cover and the upper part of the hollow body (3).

On a vertical shaft (7), which is arranged within the container (1) in a shaft housing rotatably and pressure-tight against gaseous and liquid media and preferably from outside the container (1) is driven by a motor, a rotor (8) is attached in turn, within the insert (2) with a certain distance from the inner wall of the insert (2) is arranged. The rotor (8) has an extension piece (23) by which it is in operative connection with the outlet opening (4) of the hollow body (3) by the extension piece (23) of the rotor (8) rotatably and sealed, but without a fixed connection, into the outlet opening (4) of the hollow body (3) protrudes and over this over a part of its height.

The rotor (8) is designed as a cylindrical disc, preferably flat or even with slightly bent at the edge lateral surface. The outer surface of this disc is similar to one or more wing profiles (16) DE patent 10 2005 049 938 educated. The on the circumference of the lateral surface of the rotor (8) in preferably periodic pitch arranged airfoils (16) each consist in the direction of rotation of the rotor (8) from a convex elevation (17), followed by a flat outlet region (18). In this outlet region (18) at the location of the circumferential in the circumferential direction of the rotor shell surface with rotation at nominal operating speed minimally effective static pressure are the outlet openings (21) of the rotor (8).

The endpiece (23) of the rotor (8) has one or more, preferably three, tubular open channels (6) extending from the upper end of the endpiece (23) through the inner portion (20) of the rotor (8) to the outer surface thereof run and end in the outlet openings (21). As a result, a liquid or gaseous medium introduced from the hollow body (3) through the outlet opening (4) can run into the channels (6) of the rotor (8) and can be introduced into the insert (2) via the channels (6) and the outlet openings (21) ) reach.

Furthermore, within the container (1), but outside of the insert (2), one or more - in the illustrated embodiment two - risers (10) are mounted, which are open at its lower end and preferably perpendicular and down at least to the Lower edge of the insert (2) are enough. With their upper ends, they are inserted via arc above the insert (2) sealed in the hollow body (3). In an advantageous embodiment, the risers (10), as shown in the figures, at their ends within the hollow body (3) horizontally extending, via inner nozzle needles adjustable nozzles (22).

On the inner wall of the insert (2) relative to the lateral surface of the rotor (8), a fixed ring (25) is arranged in an advantageous embodiment, but not indispensable, which carries a slightly away from the inner wall grid plate (26) on which the the outlet openings (21) of the rotor (8) emerging water impinges. The grid plate (26) amplified by suitable choice of the distance to the convex projections (17) of the airfoils (16) on the one hand, the generation of negative pressure and on the other hand allows the discharge of the outlet openings (21) leaking water away from the rotor towards the inner wall of the insert (2) while minimizing friction loss. The water then drains down the inner wall of the insert (2) down to the liquid level.

Likewise, in an advantageous embodiment, but not essential, located on both the top and on the underside of the lateral surface of the rotor (8) in the region of the airfoils (16) cover plates (27) which project radially beyond the rotor (8) and extend to near the inner wall of the insert (2) and when attaching a ring (25) with grid plate (26) project beyond this, but without touching them.

The rotor (8) is rotated via the shaft (7) either by means of an outside of the container (1) arranged motor (9) in rotation, wherein the shaft (7) is guided under sealing through the bottom of the container (1), or the shaft (7) is part of an enclosed inside the container (1) arranged encapsulated electric motor.

Further, a supply pipe (14) is provided for compressed air, which is guided from the outside of the container (1) in the insert (2) and opens into this above the lower boundary, preferably at about half height between the bottom of the rotor (8). and the lower edge of the insert (2).

Finally, in the upper wall / the lid of the container (1) has a closable opening (15) for filling a liquid medium attached.

The kinetic energy of a liquid medium provided by the device described above can be used to generate drive energy by, as shown in the illustrated embodiment, within the hollow body (3) at the level of entry of the riser tubes (10) on a vertical shaft (13) a turbine wheel (12) of a constant pressure turbine with blades arranged thereon (19) is mounted. The turbine wheel (12) is mounted in a shell (11) located below. The nozzles (22) are directed to the blade inner sides of the turbine wheel (12), and the blades (19) adjoin the inner wall of the hollow body (3), without touching them. The vertical shaft (13) of the turbine wheel (12) is extended upward and penetrates the wall of the hollow body (3) and the upper wall (the lid) of the container (1) for connection to driven devices and devices (24), in particular generators , Machinery or vehicles. The shaft (13) is in the container (1) tightly mounted relative to the gaseous medium in the hollow body (3) and the liquid medium in the container (1).

To carry out the method and start-up of the device is in normal ambient atmosphere in the container (1) via the opening (15) an incompressible, liquid medium, preferably water, filled until it reaches the top of the container (1). The liquid medium also penetrates into the bell-shaped insert (2) and the riser tubes (10) from their lower openings until the air enclosed in them and the hollow body (3) which is in communication with them is trapped by the penetrating liquid medium is compressed, that a pressure equalization occurs. Thereafter, the opening (15) of the container (1) is closed.

Then compressed air is introduced from outside the container (1) into the insert (2) via the feed tube (14), whereby the pressure in the entire container (1) increases accordingly until the desired operating state is reached. In this state of increased potential energy of the enclosed media, the rotor (8) via the shaft (7) by the motor (9) is rotated, in the direction of rotation (in the embodiment illustrated with the drawings in left rotation), that according to the DE patent 10 2005 049 938 on the airfoil profiles (16) following the convex elevations (17) in their sloping elongated outlet regions (18) creates a negative pressure effect. The negative pressure is dependent in its size on the selected speed of the rotor and the gas pressure within the insert (2). To change the operating state, both the gas pressure and the rotational speed of the rotor (8) can be changed at any time during operation.

The negative pressure in the outlet region (18) of the airfoil profile (16) continues via the channels (6) in the hollow body (3) and from this into the riser tubes (10). The then in the hollow body (3) effective vacuum and the same time in use (2) existing gas pressure cause the water or other liquid medium from the container (1) and the insert (2) via the risers (10) and the nozzles ( 22) flows into the hollow body (3) as a jet of high kinetic energy.

Also as a result of the current from the rotor (8) caused negative pressure at the outlet openings (21) and within the hollow body (3) effective gas pressure the water or other liquid medium from the hollow body (3) through the channels (6) of the rotor (8) and through the outlet openings (21) in the outlet region (18) of the airfoils (16) in the insert (2) to the liquid level , During operation, the liquid level is always above the lower edge of the insert (2).

For the purposes of the invention, the hollow body (3) instead of the spherical shape in the illustrated embodiment, the shape of a cube, a cuboid, a barrel or any other form.

By the described method and the device for its execution is on the rotational movement of the rotor (8) for a mechanical energy introduced into the system and on the other hand increases the potential energy of the media in the system by means of external pressurization. The consequently acting on the airfoils (16) along the rotor shell surface negative pressure generates a continuous circulation of water or other liquid medium and thus continuously available kinetic energy. This energy form can, as described in the illustrated embodiment, be used for time constant power output and thus, in contrast to the usual conditions of use of the turbo-engine technically known regardless of geographical conditions or natural conditions.

It is for the required mechanical energy from the rotational movement of the drive shaft (7) only a relatively low drive power of the motor (9) for driving the Rotor (8) is required because the rotor (8) in stationary operation exclusively, at least primarily, in the gaseous compressible medium very low density and low friction. Therefore, a high speed of the rotor (8) can be selected. This is achieved according to a technically new principle by the energy transfer from the rotor (8) to the incompressible medium - mechanically too kinetically - not directly by an impeller conventional design, but indirectly by the generation of a. In the inventive method and apparatus relative negative pressure takes place in the compressible medium. To increase the efficiency of this process, the pressure of the compressible medium is increased previously compared to the ambient state. The generation of the effective negative pressure takes place on the lateral surface of the rotor (8), which in the above-described and on the operating principle of DE patent 10 2005 049 938 based profile shape is executed.

The requirement of the plant on liquid medium, preferably water, is limited to the one-time filling process before the first start-up. Likewise, the supply of external compressed air is required only for initial adjustment of the working internal pressure. Throughout the operation of the plant, only the provision of the power to drive the shaft (7) is required, and there are no emissions that affect the environment. If the operation of the system should be interrupted or terminated, then only the drive power of the shaft (7) is switched off. The initial state of the system then restarts automatically.

Claims (12)

1. A method for producing a continuous driving force by providing kinetic energy of a liquid medium by bringing about differences in pressure in a closed system that is filled with liquid medium, in particular water, and gaseous medium, in particular air, characterized in that, in a device according to claim 4 or according to claim 4 in combination with one or more of the claims 5 to 11, circulation of the liquid medium is induced, wherein the vessel, which is closed on all sides, is filled with the liquid medium, and this liquid medium thereby encloses the gaseous medium, which is present before the filling and which is under atmospheric pressure, in the insert, which is open on the underside, in the hollow body connected to this insert, and the ascending pipes, which are connected to the hollow body and are open at the bottom, and rises therein until pressure equilibrium is reached, and then the potential energy of the two media is further increased via external application of pressure, further characterized in that, by means of the rotor, which is then set into rotational motion within the insert in the gaseous medium by a motor, a negative pressure relative to the pressure of the enclosed gas is produced at the surface of the rotor jacket, said negative pressure inducing a corresponding negative pressure in the hollow body, and wherein, by means of the negative pressure in the hollow body, in combination with the gas pressure in the insert, liquid medium is conveyed through the ascending pipes, out of the vessel and into the hollow body, and kinetic energy is generated and made available, and, finally, characterized in that the liquid medium that has flowed into the hollow body is suctioned out of said hollow body and returns to the liquid level in the insert due to an increase in the gas pressure in the hollow body relative to the negative pressure produced by the rotor, brought about by a liquid level having a lower height formed within the hollow body in the conveying process, wherein the gas pressure in the hollow body remains lower than the gas pressure in the insert.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the amount of kinetic energy generated is determined by the volumetric flow rate and conveyance speed of the liquid medium, which depend on the external application of pressure and the rotational speed of the rotor in the insert.
3. The method according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the ratio of the volumetric flow rate and the conveyance speed of the liquid medium is additionally controlled via nozzles at the outlet of the ascending pipes in the hollow body.
4. A device for implementing the method according to claim 1, comprising a vessel (1), which is closed on all sides, having the form of a barrel, a sphere, a cube, a cuboid, or another form, characterized in that an insert (2), which is open on the underside thereof and is preferably bell-shaped, is inserted in this vessel (1), and a preferably spherical hollow body (3) having an outlet opening (4) and an attachment (5) is located on the top side of this insert, wherein this hollow body itself is disposed entirely or partially within the vessel (1) and preferably extends, by a portion of the height thereof, into the insert (2) and is pressure-sealed, except for the outlet opening (4), relative to the vessel (1) and relative to the insert (2), furthermore characterized in that a rotor (8) is disposed within the insert (2), having a certain separation from the inner wall thereof, wherein this rotor is disposed, as a cylindrical disk, on a vertical shaft (7) in a shaft housing so as to be rotatable and pressure-sealed, and has, on the top side thereof, an attachment (23), via which said rotor extends, in a rotatable and sealed manner, although without a fixed connection, into the outlet opening (4) via the attachment (5) of the hollow body (3), and extends over this outlet opening over a portion of the height thereof, wherein the rotor (8), with the attachment (23), comprises one or more, preferably three, tubular channels (6), which are open at the ends thereof and extend from the upper end of the attachment (23) through the inner region (20) of the rotor (8) to the outer circumference thereof and, there, lead into in the outlet openings (21), further characterized in that the jacket surface of the rotor (8) is provided with one or more wing profile units (16), which are disposed with preferably periodic spacing and each comprise a convex raised area (17) followed, in the direction of rotation of the rotor (8), by a flat runout region (18), and the outlet openings (21) of the channels (6) disposed in this runout region, characterized in that the rotor (8) is driven by a motor (9), preferably from outside the vessel (1), and characterized in that one or more ascending pipes (10) are disposed in the vessel (1), but outside of the insert (2), which are open at the ends thereof and preferably extend vertically, extend downwardly at least to the lower edge of the insert (2) and are inserted, via the upper ends thereof, into the hollow body (3) in a sealed manner via bends above the insert (2) and terminate horizontally within the hollow body (3), further characterized in that a closable opening (15) for filling with liquid medium is formed in the upper wall (the cover) of the vessel (1), and in that a feed pipe (14) for compressed air extends from outside the vessel (1) into the insert (2) and leads therein, above the lower edge thereof.
5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the upper closure of the vessel (1) is formed by an annular cover, the upper part of the insert (2), and the part of the hollow body (3) protruding upwardly out of this insert.
6. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the upper closure of the vessel (1) is formed by an annular cover and the upper part of the hollow body (3).
7. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the rotor (8) is designed as a cylindrical disk and is flat or has a jacket surface bending slightly downward at the edge.
8. The device according to claim 4 or one or more of the claims 5 to 7, characterized in that a ring (25) is fixedly disposed on the inner wall of the insert (2) and opposite the jacket surface of the rotor (8), wherein said ring supports a mesh sheet (26), which is separated slightly from the inner wall, and on which the water emerging from the outlet openings (21) of the rotor (8) appears.
9. The device according to claim 4 and claim 7 or according to claims 4, 7 and 8, characterized in that the wing profile units (16) comprise cover plates (27) on the top side and on the underside of the rotor (8), which extend radially outwardly and extend to the vicinity of the inner wall of the insert (2) and, provided a ring (25) with mesh sheet (26) is installed thereon, extend over these without having contact therewith.
10. The device according to claim 4 or one or more of the claims 5 to 9, characterized in that the ascending pipes (10) comprise, on the horizontally extending ends thereof, nozzles (22) that can be controlled in the hollow body (3).
11. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the shaft (7) of the rotor (8) is a component of an encapsulated electric motor disposed within the vessel (1).
12. The device according to claim 4 or one or more of the claims 5 to 11, characterized in that a turbine wheel (12) of a constant-pressure turbine having vanes (19) disposed thereon is installed, on a vertical shaft (13), within the hollow body (3) at the level of the entry of the ascending pipes (10), and is supported in a bushing (11) located underneath the turbine wheel (12), wherein the vanes (19) verge on the inner wall of the hollow body (3) without having contact therewith, and in that the nozzles (22) on the ends of the ascending pipes (10) are directed toward the inner sides of the vanes (19), further characterized in that the shaft (13) of the turbine wheel (12) extends through the wall of the hollow body (3) and .the upper wall of the vessel (1) - supported so as to be sealed with respect to the gaseous medium in the hollow body (3) and the liquid medium in the vessel (1) - and terminates at devices and implements (24) to be driven.

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