EA006990B1 - Street grid for surface drainage - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a street grid (1) for surface drainage. Said grid consists of a frame (10) and a grating (11), which are adapted to the contours of a paved gully in order to be integrated into the latter, for draining water that flows towards the street grid in a pre-defined direction. The aim of the invention is to ensure permanent drainage. To achieve this, recessed inlet openings (13) are provided in the upper edge of at least one lateral wall of the frame that guides the water in the flow direction.

Description

The invention relates to a street grate for surface drainage, consisting of a frame and a grate, which are shaped to the gutter in which they must be installed, to drain the water flowing towards the street grate in a predetermined direction.

Such street grills for surface drainage are known and are usually installed in such a way that the surface of the frame and the surface of the grill are flush with the upper edge of the gutter. Water generated, for example, from rain or melting snow, flows and is transported through the gutter to the street grate, and subsequently flows into the street drainage system, passing through the frame and through the grate. Another embodiment of the street grate is that the water flowing to the street grate falls into the street drainage system, passing initially between the frame and the grate, and is additionally sent to the grate only if there is an increase in water flow.

In the case of existing street grates in the form of runoff, in practice it may happen that after the manufacture of the inlet runoff, for example, bridge runoff or runoff from a stone channel, is completed, it can settle to a different degree with respect to the street grill. Due to unpredictable features of the structure of the earth, overload, or design flaws, such differences are to some extent inevitable. If, as a result, the upper edge of the grating frame becomes higher than the base of the channel, the water flowing through the channel is no longer completely discharged, as a result, it accumulates at the upper edge of the grating frame, and residual puddles form in the channel and adjacent surfaces.

Mentioned residual puddles are a problem and a danger, both for pedestrians and for traffic. In addition, they also damage the drainage system itself. If the water in the puddles freezes, this leads to very high pressures, especially in the connected joints between the canal and the adjacent surface, such as, for example, the sidewalk; the forces mentioned can increase the gaps in the connected joints and, thus, weaken the foundation of the entire drainage channel, so that, ultimately, the structure will collapse. Due to the depressions caused by sediment, solid materials contained in the water, such as leaves, pollen, or small gravel, can no longer be completely carried away and settle to the edge of the street grille frame. Especially in the case of gratings in which water primarily flows between the frame and the grate, said suspended masses quickly lead to clogging, which in this case can be cleaned only by hand or with high pressure due to their complex locations. At the same time, one can hardly count on the self-cleaning process.

The aim of the present invention is to develop a street grille of the type indicated in the introduction, which would provide guaranteed long-term drainage.

This goal is achieved in the case of a street grate for surface drainage of the type indicated in the introduction, due to the implementation of the frame, which has at least one side wall facing towards the stream, the frame inlets made in the upper edge of the frame in the form of recesses.

An outdoor grill for surface drainage in accordance with the present invention has significant advantages. For the functions performed by the drainage system, the location of the upper edge of the frame exactly flush or lower than the height of the base of the inlet channel is no longer critical, since water also escapes through inlets made in the upper edge of the frame. According to the present invention, water can continue to flow into the drainage system even if the channel level is below the upper edge of the street grate. Therefore, in the event of differences in levels between the supply and the street grill, drainage in this way is no longer limited. Consequently, the problem of the formation of residual puddles no longer poses any danger, since water does not accumulate on the edge of the street grate, and in any recesses that were formed by subsidence, but instead can be removed through recesses in the upper edge of the frame of the street grate. As a result, not only the drainage channel service life is increased; in addition, this design principle also leads to significant savings in respect of the costs of maintenance, cleaning, and sanitation or reconstruction. Unpleasant, in some cases even dangerous, water-covered areas in front of the street grill are avoided due to efficient water drainage, despite the subsidence of the inlet channel.

An embodiment in which suitable water flows into the street grate through the upper edges of the frame and the grate further reduces the risk of clogging of the grate, since no solid materials are stuck between the frame and the grate so that they can block the drainage system; thus, functional reliability is significantly increased.

Inlets may be arbitrarily selected with respect to their type and design. However, it is particularly preferable to make the inlets both on the frame and on the grill, if necessary, in the form of recesses. This embodiment in a particularly large degree reduces the risk of clogging of the drainage device with solid materials or sticky particles in water intended for diversion; precipitated solid materials are washed out during the next relatively large spillway. Cleaning inlets that have been clogged with external, mechanical influences, such as stones wedged by pedestrians, is also greatly simplified.

- 1 006990

Due to the availability mentioned above, it is guaranteed that normal street cleaning work will make clogged inlets again passable.

For the inlet openings of the grate and frame, it is also preferable to perform them with a slope downward inward, which guarantees a particularly efficient entrance, since water, sometimes flowing to the grate very slowly, is accelerated at the entrance, thereby preventing the deposition of solid materials.

Another preferred embodiment of the invention is achieved by arranging the inlet openings of the grill and frame located off-center in the region of the base of the channel. An advantage in this case is that the locking elements present on the grill, which are usually located in the middle, are protected from contamination. In addition, the statically necessary internal partition is often located along the middle axis of the gratings. In this case, when the inlet openings are located away from the middle axis, there is no need for expensive reconstruction of the gratings of known design, which significantly reduces production costs and contributes to a wide range of applications.

A particular option is to make the street grille in relation to its main surface oval or round. In this case, the side openings for the entry of water are generally uniformly distributed around the circumference. This embodiment of a street grill is used at points where two or more input channels converge. In the area of inflow to the street grate, these channels usually expand with the formation of a kind of gutter, and they determine exactly the place where soil sediment is observed due to the large gutter area and partially unilateral load, due to the fact that various amounts of water pass through the channels. In addition, the problem of leveling several channels, one in relation to the other, is of secondary importance. Small differences in the level of approach have now become acceptable. In addition, the street grill, of course, can have any other shape. Due to the location of the inlet openings on the sides of the frame, drainage of residual puddles is also possible in the case of, for example, a rectangular street grate having an inclined shape.

As a special feature, it is also possible to make the depths of the inlet openings of the frame and grill so that they correspond to the maximum subsidence expected for the inlet channels. The amount of subsidence, as a rule, varies significantly depending on external factors, such as soil structure, weather influences or loads applied as a result of traffic. The specialist can sometimes make an approximate calculation of the expected subsidence. An exact adjustment is then carried out in accordance with local environmental conditions by adjusting the depth of the inlet openings of the grill and frame. In particular, when using flat stone slabs for laying out channels, too deep inlet openings can lead to the fact that the material under the supporting layers of the channel will be subject to leaching. This problem can be countered by using the ability to control the depth of the inlets.

Preferred further embodiments of the invention are presented in the dependent claims.

The invention is further described on the basis of exemplary embodiments, which are explained in more detail with reference to the attached figures, where in FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the invention in an isometric view;

in FIG. 2 is a top view of the embodiment of FIG. one;

in FIG. 3 is a front view of the embodiment of FIG. one;

in FIG. 4 is a detailed image along the section line 1U-1U shown in FIG. 2, in accordance with FIG. one;

in FIG. 5 is a second embodiment of the present invention with a circular base area;

in FIG. 6 is a plan view of the embodiment of FIG. 5, and in FIG. 7 is a front view of the embodiment of FIG. 5.

In the following description, the same reference numbers are used for the same parts or parts with the same functions.

In FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a street grill 1, consisting of a frame 10 and a grill 11, which is installed in the frame 10. The upper edge 12 of the frame and the upper edge of the grill 11 are at the same level, as is clearly shown in FIG. 1. On the side wall 10 of the frame, facing in the direction of flow, on its upper edge 12, the inlet holes 13 of the frame are made in the form of recesses. The grating 11 has correspondingly made inlet openings 14 of the grating. In the first embodiment of the invention, the inlet openings 14 of the grate are located in the end surface of the street grate 1, to which the drainage channel 2 adjoins. Water flowing towards the grate normally enters the street grate through the upper edge 12 of the frame and the upper edge of the grate 11. If, however, subsidence of the inlet channel 2 occurs, for example, due to mechanical overload or unexpected subsidence in the supporting structure, inflowing water can nevertheless be diverted into the street grate through the inlet 13 of the frame and the inlet 14 Verstov lattice. As a result, drainage is guaranteed even in the event of a recess from subsidence. This eliminates the risk of stagnation of water with the formation of so-called residual puddles in front of the upper edge 12 of the frame. Besides

- 2 006990, since the incoming water flows into the interior of the street grate through the frame 13 and grating 14, no solid materials are held so as to clog the passage.

In FIG. 2 is a plan view of a first embodiment in accordance with FIG. 1. The figure clearly shows that the inlet 13 of the frame and the inlet 14 of the lattice are located in the region of the base 3 of the channel. It makes sense to place the inlet openings away from the center, because usually (as can be seen from Fig. 2) the grill 11 includes a centrally located partition 15 necessary for static purposes. As a result of the location of the inlet openings 13, 14 outside the center, on the one hand, there is no need to change the supporting structure of the grating 11, and on the other hand, the holding mechanisms that are present in many gratings 11 are protected from dirt.

In FIG. 3 is a front view of a first embodiment according to FIG. 1. The figure shows the implementation of the inlet 13 of the frame and the inlet 14 of the lattice open up. This embodiment greatly reduces the risk of clogging of the drainage system in relation to residual puddles. As a result of the present hydraulically suitable shape, the solids brought by the drainage water are difficult to get stuck in the inlets 13, 14. However, this not only reduces the risk of clogging of the drainage system associated with residual puddles; this also contributes generally to greater functional reliability and ease of maintenance of the drainage system, since no solid materials can be deposited in the upstream openings 13 of the frame and the inlet openings 14 of the grate. As you know, the accumulation of initially a small amount of solid deposits very soon leads to complete clogging of the system, since the solid particles brought by the stream represent new surfaces available for sedimentation.

In addition, drainage systems may also become clogged as a result of external factors. For example, stones or lumps of dirt being pushed into street bars 1 by passing vehicles or pedestrians are often the cause of this clogging. An advantage of the presented embodiment is that during normal street cleaning, the inlets 13, 14 can be easily cleaned if clogged. It would be possible to clean them manually, because they are easily accessible, but usually this is not necessary.

In FIG. 4 shows a detailed image of the section along the line 1U-1U. It is evident from the figure that the frame inlets 13 and the grill inlets 14, respectively, are sloped downward inward, which leads to a particularly effective removal of water, since the flowing water is additionally accelerated when moving to a street grill, which prevents the deposition of solid materials .

In FIG. 5-7 show a second embodiment of a street grill 1 in accordance with the present invention. Presented street grille 1 in relation to its main surface is made round. The inlet openings 23 of the frame and the inlet openings 24 of the grill in this case are arranged substantially uniformly around the circumference. And in this embodiment, inflowing water is discharged into the street grate 1 through the upper edge 22 of the frame and the upper edge 21 of the grate. This street grate 1 is used when water must come from two or more channels 2. This embodiment ensures that even if, due to subsidence of the soil or production errors, the various supply channels 2 differ in their levels, drainage into the street grate 1 will still be provided. The use of such a street grate 1 thus simplifies the implementation of construction and installation works and significantly reduces the risk of residual puddles, which as a result leads to all the advantages listed in relation to the first embodiment.

Claims (6)

FORMULAS OF THE INVENTION 1. An outdoor grate for surface drainage, consisting of a frame (10) and a grate (11), which are designed to be installed in the channel (2) of the bridge, to the contours of which they are fitted, to drain water flowing in the direction of the street grate (1) into a predetermined direction, characterized in that at least one side wall facing toward the flow of the frame (10, 20) has inlet holes (13, 23) of the frame in the form of recesses in the upper edge (12, 22) of the frame, and the lattice (11, 21) has inlet openings (14, 24), made corresponding in shape to the input from Erste frame. 2. Street grill according to claim 1, characterized in that the inlet openings (13, 23) of the frame and the inlet openings (14, 24) of the grill are made in the form of grooves. 3. Street grill according to one of paragraphs. 1 or 2, characterized in that the inlets (14, 24; 13, 23) of the grill and frame are made with a slope downward inward. 4. Street grill according to one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that the inlet openings (14, 24; 13, 23) of the grill and frame are located outside the center, in the base area (3) of the channel. 5. A street grate according to one of the preceding paragraphs, made with respect to its main surface round or oval, characterized in that the inlet openings (13, 23) of the frame and the inlet openings (14, 24) of the grating are arranged substantially uniformly around the circumference of the grating. - 3 006990 6. Street grille according to one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that the inlet holes (14, 24; 13, 23) of the grill and frame are made relative to their depth in accordance with the maximum expected subsidence of the channels (2).