DK167633B1 - DEVICE FOR ROOM TEMPERATURE CONTROL USING THERMOSTATS AND PROCEDURE FOR THEIR OPERATIONS - Google Patents

Description

in DK 167633 B1

The invention relates to a room temperature control device by means of thermostats, in particular thermostatic valves in a hot water heating system, as defined in the preamble of claim 1, and a method of operating a device 5 according to claim 6.

A device according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from DE-OS 33 10 402. There, upon receiving an instruction through its address, the receiver adjusts a setting device. When additional instructions fail, for example, because the main control device is defective, the adjusting device remains at least in the occupied position if the adjusting device is self-sustaining. However, this is usually the case only with mechanical adjusting devices. The coding is done using two in frequency discrete voltages, which are superimposed by a DC voltage that serves the receiver's power supply.

In a known device of similar nature (DE-OS 30 45 753) 20, an impulse train is transmitted over supply lines which are formed by a ring line and frame. Each impulse is assigned to a zone; its position in the impulse train is the address code which is decoded using a counter in each zone. The single pulses are zone-correctly transferred to the heat resistors and determine their heat output.

Therefore, for the power supply to a zone, only a fraction of the total time of an impulse series is always available. This means that the heat resistors and control elements must be dimensioned for relatively large currents, in order that the necessary thermal power to the thermostats can also be obtained in the short time. In any case, the number of zones controlled by the main microprocessor is very limited because for larger zone numbers, the time available for each 35 zone is too short to provide a sufficient heat effect.

Wolf IQ / OOO D I

2

In order to better take into account the wall temperature, it is known (DE-PS 33 10 367) to regulate the heat effect in a non-stationary heating phase in dependence of a constant air temperature reference value and in the subsequent 5 quasi-stationary control phase in response to a constant wall temperature. reference value, whereby the current value of the air temperature and the wall temperature increases continuously.

The object of the invention is to provide a device of the kind mentioned in the preamble, by which the thermostats can be supplied with a sufficient heat effect irrespective of the number of zones.

This problem is solved according to the invention as set forth in the characterizing part of claim 1.

In this device, each subcontroller takes it and stores it on the basis of the address assigned to instruction 20. The associated control element is therefore activated independently of the output data of the main microprocessor in the meantime output to other controllers. At the same time, any heat resistance coupled over the associated control element can be applied over the control lines to the heating power. Regardless of the number of zones, the maximum power can be applied to each heat resistance distributed over 100% of a predetermined clock time. Corresponding rings are the heat flow and the load of the heat resistance.

The digital output data, ie address plus control instructions, can be easily printed on the supply line voltage.

These individual bits can follow very quickly in succession. Therefore, many control devices can be connected to the common supply lines both in terms of data and power.

35 DK 167633 B1 3

The voltage gaps can be easily generated, for example by means of a contact means, and easily recorded. Since they are in the region of the zero locations, they hardly affect the applied electrical power.

5

All in all, there is therefore a device with great flexibility, which is particularly suitable in practice.

Since the output data, which in addition to the address and instruction may also contain several other information, is continuously calculated and read by the main microprocessor, the current reference value of each thermostat can be changed at any time, both jumpy and continuous. The main microprocessor primarily takes into account the reference value program stored for each zone. Since this program overlays the thermostat's own reference value, when setting this self-reference value, the user can change this program's baseline as desired. The additional cost for each zone is relatively small, since the control device and the associated control element can be simply constructed.

The sub-microprocessors can easily translate simple instruction data to the corresponding switching times or the like.

In the further embodiment according to claim 2, the control device only needs to control the variable switch-off time. As a control device, a simple contact transistor is suitable.

The two-conductor system of claim 3 requires an extremely low wiring and installation cost.

In the embodiment according to claim 4, pumps, fans and other working devices can also be switched on and off in a timely manner by the main microprocessor, whereby the control is carried out with a similar data structure as with the thermostats.

Wolf 10 / 0.3.5 B I

4

With the further configuration according to claim 5, a short circuit or interruption in the region of the heat resistance can be detected in a timely manner.

A method of operating the device is characterized in claim 6. The sliding change of the electrical power can be done continuously or in small steps. Thereby the consumer does not experience any unpleasant temperature jumps. Furthermore, a good flow distribution is obtained.

10 During the heating phase, the precaution according to claim 7. The ramp slope is selected with respect to the inertia characteristics of the space to be heated and the associated radiator.

When the current reference value is increased sliding simultaneously with several thermostatic valves, there is no danger that these valves will immediately open completely and thereby disturb the necessary distribution of the hot water. This is especially important in a district heating system, whereby the settlement is done according to cubic meters.

20

In the further embodiment of claim 8, a temporary reference value increase pre-heats the room and provides sufficient heat energy so that the cold radiation from the still cold walls which has cooled during the night does not become uncomfortable. The gradual lowering of the current reference value occurs almost imperceptibly to the user.

A special comfort control is obtained according to claim 9. When the user of the room no longer does any work in the evening hours, but only sits calm and relaxed, this temperature increase feels particularly comfortable.

Claim 10 describes an important control option for correcting the proportional band error. The lower the outdoor temperature and the greater the flow rate, the greater the deviation of a proportional valve is also greater. This error can thus be corrected automatically for the first time.

The invention is explained in more detail below by means of preferred embodiments shown in the drawing which are illustrated in FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a device according to the invention; FIG. 2 shows a valve thermostat set and the associated control device; FIG. 3 shows in a diagram the intermittent supply of the electrical power; FIG. 4 in a time diagram, the change of the current reference value relative to the day reference value TS 20 by rapid heating; FIG. 5 in a time diagram, the change of the current reference value relative to the day reference value TS at a comfort heating in the evening; 6 as a function of the outdoor temperature TQ the change of the current reference value relative to the day reference value TS for the correction of the proportional error; 7 in a day diagram is a curve for a reference value program sequence, in which the deviation of the current reference value from the thermostat's own reference value ES is shown, 35

UK 10/0 ^ 0 D I

6 FIG. 8 shows in a timing diagram the electrical voltage U1 with embossed voltage spaces and FIG. 9 shows a varied embodiment of the device of FIG. First

FIG. 1 shows a main microprocessor 1 located in a central Z, which is provided with a reference value program memory 2. By means of the setting buttons 3, zones for zones 10, I and II of a hot water heating system can be stored, in particular times , sizes and inclination angles for the changes. Furthermore, an outside temperature sensor 4 is connected to the main microprocessor 1. The inputs 5 are arranged for the supply of additional values, for example indoor temperatures, wind speed, position of the sun and the like. The main microprocessor 1 has several outputs 6 over which various plant parts can be controlled, eg circulation pumps, a hot water priority circuit, a boiler rapid heating, the night light and the like.

20

For the regulation that is interesting here, the output 7 is important. Above it, output data D is given to a coding device 8. The output data comprises at least one address for the individual zones I, II and III and an instruction which identifies the magnitude of an electrical power. As a rule, however, the output data also includes additional information, such as synchronization signals, temperature information and the like. These are digital output data embedded in the coding device 8. At a U voltage source 30, a dual rectifier 12 is connected so that in the two-conductor system 11 with two cables 9 and 10, a unidirectional alternating current flowing to FIG. 8. The coding device 8 has a contact means which either (a) does not affect the zero locations of the voltage half-waves at all or 35 (b) provides them with a wide voltage gap or (c) with a narrow voltage gap. For example, the wide voltage gap may correspond to the value 1, and the narrow voltage gap may correspond to the value 0.

The hot water heater has several thermostatic valves 13, 5 which are arranged in several zones I, II and III of a housing to be heated. As a rule, there are more than the zone number shown, eg eight zones. In the embodiment, each zone corresponds to one compartment and therefore contains only one thermostatic valve.

However, several spaces in which the current reference value is to be uniformly affected can also be summarized in a zone with multiple thermostatic valves. The thermostat valve 13 has a housing 14 and a thermostat set 15. The working element in the interior of this set is connected over a capillary tube 16 to a temperature sensor 17 which is in a housing 18. When the sensor 17 has a liquid-vapor filling , the temperature-dependent vapor pressure acts in the work element of the set and the valve assumes an equilibrium position because a reference value spring acts in the opposite direction of the work element. The arrangement has a rotating lever 19, by means of which the thermostat valve's own reference value ES can be changed, ie the reference value spring can be adjusted. When the sensor 17 has a fluid filling, the position of the working element in the set-up can be changed by the rotary lever 19.

25 At the sensor 17, an electric heat resistor 20 is provided, which can be supplied by one of the half-wave voltages in FIG. 8, when a control element in the form of a contact member 21, for example a contact transistor, is controlled to the conductive state. The control is effected by means of a control device in the form of a sub-microprocessor 22 to which a decoding device 23, which forms part of this microprocessor 22, is connected. The decoding device 23 senses the zero-wave voltage zero points, generates the bits and stores 35 the values associated with the address of the associated zone. Due to an information received for this section 8 UK Tb / bdd b lion, the contactor 21 is brought into conductive state. The shutdown time is controlled time-dependent due to the stored instruction data as shown in FIG. 3. The individual blocks correspond to several half-waves. The switch-on time-5 point is determined by the clock time of fifteen seconds. It is seen that the switch-on duration decreases in the block order d, e, f and g, so that the heating of the sensor 17 can in this way be changed by the heat resistance 20.

The housing 18 accommodates said parts 17, 20, 21, 22 and 23.

The thermostat valve's own reference value ES, which is set when the heat resistance is not working, has a higher value than desired by a user during normal daytime hours. In the dials gram of FIG. 7, it is shown that the self-reference value is, for example. 23 ° C, while the day reference value should only be 21 ° C. This lowering of 2 ° C is achieved by the heat resistance 20. The day reference value TS is therefore composed of two components, the self-reference value ES and the electrical power supplied to the heat resistance 20. If you change the electrical power, the decrease is changed in relation to the self-reference value. If you change the self-reference value, the total reference value program is shifted.

25 Because it is already necessary to add a heat effect to obtain the day reference value, the current reference value can not only be lowered relative to the day reference value, but also increased. When a heating effect corresponding to block e in FIG. 3 is necessary for example to obtain the 30 day reference value, by reducing the heat effect corresponding to blocks f and g the current reference value can be raised.

A control characteristic operating at such an elevation is seen in FIG. 4. On the basis of the day reference value TS, it is shown that the current reference value is raised spring-wise by 1.5 o., 0, 0 ° C and later is returned to the day reference value over a ramp function. The reference value increase occurs half an hour before the time of the expected start-up (hour 0) and the pre-5 remains unchanged an additional hour after the start-up. Then the reference value is returned linearly over an additional hour. An arriving user finds the room pleasantly warm. The cold potential of the walls cooled during the night is reduced as quickly as possible. The gradual return of the temperature is practically unnoticed by the user.

In FIG. 5 is a comfort control shown in a time diagram. In the evening, the current reference value is gradually raised over 15 out of three hours, ie here between 10:00 and 15:00. 19 and 22, with 1.5 ° C above the day reference value TS. Thereafter, this elevated reference value remains unchanged, e.g. 24. On the rise, it is taken into account that a quiet seated person feels a somewhat higher temperature more comfortable than 20 a human who moves and works. This temperature rise is abolished when the user retires to go to rest.

In FIG. 6, as a function of the outdoor temperature TQ, it is shown that the temperature can be varied by 1 ° C. During an outdoor temperature of -9 ° C, the correction is obtained 0. Above + 9 ° C the correction is obtained 1 ° C. Between these two outside temperatures, the correction temperature rises evenly. In this way, the thermostat valves' p-band failure is compensated.

In FIG. 7, a curve P is shown with the program run from 1 p.m. 0 to 24. The day reference value is 2 ° C below the thermostat's own reference value. This takes into account a basic lowering of 1.5 ° C and a p-band error correction of 35 0.5 ° C. At night, between 7 p.m. 24 and 4 a night lowering of 9 ° C in relation to the self-reference value, ie e.g.

Wolf 10/000 D I

This is achieved by heating the sensor 17 strongly.

Kl. 4, an increase is made to the day reference value and at 6.30 a further rise of 1.5 ° C because at. 7 the first users of the room are expected. Therefore, section h of the curve P corresponds to FIG. 4. From 4 p.m. 9 to 19, the normal day reference value TS is set. Then a gradual increase of l; 5 ° c occurs to increase the comfort feeling. Therefore, part g of curve P corresponds to FIG. 5. Therefore, a cold phase A1, a heating phase A2, a hot phase A3 and a cooling phase A4 are obtained. The duration of the heating phase A2 depends on how much the room in question has already been cooled and what heat accumulating properties the room and the heating system have, respectively.

In FIG. 7, a curve branch P1 is shown dashed at which the reference value increases evenly along a ramp function in the heating phase A2.

All ramp functions are admittedly drawn as straight lines. However, they can also be composed of small steps.

The entire system is appropriately operated with mains frequency and a reduced voltage of eg 24V. In an embodiment example 25, the main microprocessor 1 operates such that it transmits new output data to the individual sub-microprocessors 22. Every three seconds, this data is stored and deleted upon the occurrence of new data; however, only the data transmitted as the last ones before the expiry of the 30 seconds cycle is used.

The main microprocessor can also detect the mains voltage and, depending on any mains voltage fluctuations, change the length of the power blocks (Fig. 3). For example, the voltage U of the voltage is measured and supplied to the main microprocessor 1 over an input 5.

11 DK 167633 B1 In fig. 1 is also schematically shown how a monitoring device 24 measures the voltage drop across a resistor 25 in series series 25 during the power supply and, when the measurement value is deviated from a predetermined range, gives an error signal for activating a light emitter 26. the room can therefore detect the fault if the heat resistance should be shorted or there is a power failure.

FIG. 9 shows that not only the control devices 22 for the thermostatic valves 15 of the radiators 27 are connected to the two-conductor system 11, but also additional control devices 28 - 34 for additional working units having an in-and-out function. For example, these auxiliary controls have the following function: The auxiliary controller 28 engages a frost protection. The auxiliary controller 29 engages the fuel and / or air supply for a boiler 35. The auxiliary controller 30 engages a circulation pump 36 for heating a utility water heater 37. The auxiliary controller 31 causes such actuation of mixing valve in the tank. 39, the boiler temperature increases rapidly. The auxiliary controller 32 engages a circulation pump 40 in the flow. The auxiliary controller 33 may serve to switch on the lighting. The auxiliary control device 34 serves for switching on a fuse. Also, the auxiliary controllers are controlled by an address in the output data D and switched by an instruction contained in the output data as well. In a specific heating system it is only necessary to place the additional controls required for this. Admittedly, the main microprocessor 1 in the central Z has the ability to control all the additional controls except the controls 22 for the thermostat valves 13; however, these options do not need to be fully exploited.

35 12 DK 167633 B1

On the outside, one should not be able to see that the thermostat is set to a higher self-reference value than the day reference value. You only need to adjust the scale of the thermostat corresponding to the 2 ° C lowering caused by the heating.

Claims (10)

13 DK 167633 B1 Device for room temperature control by means of 5 thermostats (13), in particular thermostatic valves in a hot water heating system, whose sensors (17) are each connected to a heat resistance (20) and which have an adjustable self-reference value, with the supply of electrical power to the heating resistors (20) controlling control elements 10 (21), wherein a central control device (1), provided with a reference value program memory (2), is arranged in a central (Z), which, depending on the reference value program ( P) and, where appropriate, additional input values give the control instructions which characterize the electrical power to be supplied to the thermostats (13), whereby zones (I, II, III) with different adjustable reference value temperatures are provided with a thermostat (13) or a plurality of thermostats to be uniformly actuated and each zone (I, II, III) connected to a control element actuator (22), thereby providing the common supply link for all heat resistors (20) devices (9, 10) supplying the electrical power also connect the main control device (1) with the sub-control means (22) for transmitting the control instructions, thereby leaving the output of the main control device (1) 7) is provided with a coding device (8) which incorporates a series of digital output data (D) comprising the address of a zone and a control instruction on the supply line voltage, and the 30 subcontrollers (22) each have a decoding device (23) and storing a control instruction corresponding to its own address and, as a result, activating at least one control element (21), characterized in that the main control device (1) is formed by a main microprocessor and the sub-controller (22) by a subcontractor (22). microprocessor, that the supply lines (9, 14 DK 167633 B1 10. over a dual rectifier (12) are connected to an AC voltage source (U), that the coding device (8) bit by bit beats the output data (D) of the main microprocessor (1) at the unidirectional growth voltage in the region of its zero locations as voltage gaps (b, c) of two different widths, and that the decoding device (23) detects the voltage gaps and their width and derives the bit in question. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the control element (21) is a contact means which can be intermittently switched by the control device (22) at a predetermined switching frequency, but variable switching duration to the conductive state. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the supply lines (9, 10) form a two-conductor system. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that additional control devices (28 - 34) for working units having an in-out function over the two-wire system (11) are connected to the main microprocessor. (1) and may also be activated by its output data containing an address and an instruction. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by a measuring resistor (25) in series with the heat resistance (20) and by a monitoring device (24) which measures the voltage drop across the measuring resistor and gives an error signal when the voltage drop falls below a lower limit or rises above an upper limit. Method for operating the device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the electrical power is changed sliding along a ramp function by changing the current reference value from a first to a second value. Method according to claim 6, characterized in that during the heating phase of the room, the current reference value is raised slidingly. Method according to one of Claims 6 or 7, characterized in that the actual reference value is raised for a while before a time during which the use of the space can be expected, and for a while after that time it is gradually returned to the day. GDP reference value. 15 Method according to one of claims 6-8, characterized in that the current reference value in the evening hours is raised sliding to a constant permanently elevated reference value. 20 Method according to one of claims 6-9, characterized in that for the correction of the thermostat's proportional band error 1, the reference value is changed depending on the outside temperature. 25