DK159518B

DK159518B - MACHINE FOR THE DISTRIBUTION OF CORN SHAPED MATERIAL

Info

Publication number: DK159518B
Application number: DK356982A
Authority: DK
Inventors: Stig Goete Andersson; Yngve Berntmund Andersson; Sven Linderoth
Original assignee: Oeverums Bruk Ab
Priority date: 1981-08-27
Filing date: 1982-08-09
Publication date: 1990-10-29
Also published as: SE8105067L; SE445006B; DE3229149A1; DK159518C; DK356982A; FR2511833B1; FR2511833A1; SE445006C; GB2104363A; GB2104363B

Description

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DK 159518 BDK 159518 B

Den foreliggende opfindelse angår en maskine til spredning af kornformet materiale, såsom såsæd, handelsgødning og lignende materialer, og ved hvilke det kornformede materiale fra en forrådsbeholder ved hjælp af et doseringsorgan overføres til 5 ejektorer for pneumatisk transport gennem rørledninger til spredeorganer, og hvor det kornformede materiale efter dosering fra doseringsorganet uden at distribueres til spredningsorganerne kan opsamles i en opsamlingsskuffe til kontrol af, at den rigtige materialemængde er doseret.The present invention relates to a machine for spreading granular material, such as seed, commercial fertilizers and similar materials, in which the granular material from a supply container is transferred by means of a metering means to 5 ejectors for pneumatic transport through pipelines to spreading means, and wherein the granular material after dosing from the dosing means without being distributed to the spreading means can be collected in a collection drawer to check that the correct amount of material has been dosed.

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Maskiner af ovennævnte art er allerede kendte og indbefatter foruden de nævnte dele bl.a. en blæser, der frembringer den til den pneumatiske transport krævede luftstrøm. Desuden findes almindeligvis en mulighed for at regulere den til ejekto-15 rene doserede materialemængde, ved at doseringsorganets ha stighed varieres. Imidlertid har det vist sig, at der opstår store variationer i den doserede materialemængde ved forskellige spredningssituationer, selv om det samme materiale og den samme indstilling på doseringsorganet benyttes. Dette turde 20 bero på, at luftfugtighed og materialeegenskaber varierer fra én spredningssituation til en anden. Af hensyn til, at det er ønskeligt at sprede en given forudbestemt materialemængde pr. arealenhed, bør der forud for hver spredning foretages en doseri ngsprøve.Machines of the aforementioned kind are already known and include, in addition to said parts, i. a blower which produces the air flow required for the pneumatic transport. In addition, it is generally possible to adjust the amount of material dispensed to the ejector by varying the speed of the metering device. However, it has been found that large variations in the amount of dosed material occur in different dispersal situations, although the same material and the same setting on the dosing means are used. This was due to the fact that humidity and material properties vary from one scattering situation to another. In view of the desirability of spreading a given predetermined amount of material per per unit area, a dosage test should be performed prior to each spread.

25 På kendte maskiner, hvor materialet ved tyndekraftens påvirkning falder direkte ned på marken eller i spredningsorganer i form af såskær, er en sådan doseringsprøve enkel at udføre, medens derimod samme prøve er vanskelig at udføre ved de oven-30 nævnte pneumatiske maskiner. I disse doseres materialet nemlig fra doseringsorganet ind i luftstrømmen via en lodret tragt, der munder ud i et vandret rør, der igen forbinder ejektorens indløbsdel med dens diffusordel.25 In known machines, where the material, by the influence of gravity, falls directly onto the field or in spreading means in the form of seeds, such a dosing test is simple to carry out, while the same test is difficult to perform with the above-mentioned pneumatic machines. Namely, the material is dispensed from the metering device into the air stream via a vertical funnel which opens into a horizontal tube which in turn connects the inlet portion of the ejector to its diffuser portion.

35 vec| kendte pneumatiske maskiner af den indledningsvist nævnte art til udbringning af kornet materiale foretages under doseringsprøven opsamling af det kornede materiale, der skal ud35 vec | known pneumatic machines of the kind mentioned above for applying granular material are collected during the dosing test collecting the granular material to be extracted.

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2 bringes,i en opsamlingsbeholder efter to forskellige principper .2 is brought into a collection container according to two different principles.

Ved det første princip opsamles materialet umiddelbart efter 5 det har forladt forrådsbeholderens doseringsorgan, dvs. oven over den pneumatiske transportledning med ejektoren. Ifølge tysk offentliggørelsesskrift nr. 3.026.745 er en tragt, som under drift er indrettet til at føre det af doseringsorganet doserede materiale til en transportør anbragt drejeligt såle-10 des, at den kan drejes bort fra sin driftsstilling, hvorved der på det pneumatiske rør kan anbringes en opsamlingsbeholder til opsamling af materiale under doseringsprøven. Ifølge tysk fremlæggelsesskrift nr. 2.521.619 er der umiddelbart under doseringsorganet drejeligt anbragt en klap, som fra en drifts-15 stilling kan drejes ind i en doseringsprøvesti 11ing, hvor den blokerer materialets normale transportvej og frigiver en åbning, hvorigennem materialet via en skråplade kan strømme frem til en opsamlingsbeholder anbragt oven over den pneumatiske transportledning. Ulempen ved ovennævnte princip eller arran-20 gement er pladsmanglen. Ved moderne maskiner søger man at placere doseringsorganet så nært forrådsbeholderens bund som muligt og begrænse forrådsbeholderens højde for herved at opnå en acceptabel højde for ifyldning af materiale, ligesom man stræber efter at opnå et lavtliggende tyngdepunkt. Dette med-25 fører, at forrådsbeholderen ønskes placeret så lavt som muligt, hvilket på sin side bevirker, at afstanden mellem doseringsorganet og den pneumatiske transportledning sædvanligvis bliver alt for lille til, at der er plads til en opsamlingsbeholder.By the first principle, the material is collected immediately after it has left the dispensing means of the storage container, ie. above the pneumatic conveyor line with the ejector. According to German Patent Specification No. 3,026,745, a hopper which is in operation adapted to convey the material dosed by the metering means to a conveyor is rotatably arranged so that it can be turned away from its operating position, whereby on the pneumatic tube can be placed a collection container for collecting material during the dosing test. According to German Patent Specification No. 2,521,619, a flap is immediately pivotable below the metering means which can be rotated from an operating position into a metering test path 11 where it blocks the normal transport path of the material and releases an opening through which the material can be inserted through an inclined plate. flows to a collection vessel located above the pneumatic conveyor line. The disadvantage of the above principle or arrangement is the lack of space. In modern machines, one seeks to place the metering device as close to the bottom of the storage container as possible and limit the height of the storage container to thereby achieve an acceptable height for loading material, and also strive to achieve a low center of gravity. This means that the supply container is desired to be positioned as low as possible, which in turn causes the distance between the metering device and the pneumatic conveyor line to become usually too small to allow for a collection container.

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Ved det andet princip, som kendes fra tysk offentliggørelsesskrift nr. 2.238.329, tysk fremlæggelsesskrift nr. 2.432.737 og tysk fremlæggelsesskrift nr. 2.521.619, blokeres materialets normale transportvej ved hjælp af en skyder, som ved gen-35 nemførelsen af doseringsprøven skydes hen foran åbningen af en tragt, som under drift er indrettet til at materiale fra doseringsorganet til den pneumatiske ledning. Skyderen leder her-By the second principle, known from German Publication No. 2,238,329, German Publication No. 2,432,737 and German Publication No. 2,521,619, the normal transport path of the material is blocked by means of a slider, as in the passing of the dosing test. is pushed forward in front of the opening of a hopper which during operation is adapted to material from the metering means to the pneumatic conduit. The slider heads here

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3 ved materialet til en opsamlingsbeholder/ der er anbragt under den pneumatiske transportledning. Ved dette andet princip eller arrangement er det svært at opnå en god transport af materialet fra doseringsorganet til opsamlingsbeholdere, idet sky-5 deren, som fører materialet ned i beholderen, har en relativ lille hældning. Der er således risiko for, at materialet forbliver på skyderen og forhindrer det doserede materiale i at nå beholderen, hvorved den gennemførte doseringsprøve ikke vil være repræsentativ for den faktisk udbragte materialemængde 10 under drift.3 by the material for a collection vessel / located under the pneumatic conveyor line. By this second principle or arrangement, it is difficult to obtain a good transport of the material from the metering means to collection containers, since the shutter which carries the material into the container has a relatively small slope. Thus, there is a risk that the material remains on the slider and prevents the dosed material from reaching the container, whereby the dosing test conducted will not be representative of the actual amount of material released during operation.

Det er den foreliggende opfindelses formål at muliggøre en enkel og pålidelig prøveudtagning af den doserede materialemængde ved pneumatiske maskiner af den omhandlede art.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to enable simple and reliable sampling of the metered amount of material by pneumatic machines of the kind in question.

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Dette formål tilgodeses ifølge den foreliggende opfindelse ved, at hver ejektor består af to eller flere dele, hvoraf i det mindste den ene del kan bevæges i forhold til den eller de andre dele til at danne en åbning under doseringsorganet og i 20 den del af ejektoren, hvor materialet doseres ind i denne, og at opsamlingsskuffen er placeret under åbningen.This object is met in accordance with the present invention in that each ejector consists of two or more parts, at least one part of which can be moved relative to the other part (s) to form an opening under the metering means and in that part of the ejector. , where the material is dosed into it and that the collecting drawer is located below the opening.

Opfindelsen bliver beskrevet nedenfor under henvisning til tegningen, hvori 25 fig. 1 i lodret projektion viser et snit gennem en udførelsesform for maskinen ifølge opfindelsen, hvor maskinen er klar til spredning af materialet, og 30 fig. 2 viser et tilsvarende billede af maskinen under doseringsprøven.The invention is described below with reference to the drawing, in which FIG. 1 is a sectional elevational view of an embodiment of the machine according to the invention in which the machine is ready for spreading the material; and FIG. 2 shows a similar view of the machine during the dosing test.

Den i figurerne viste maskine har en tragtformet forrådsbeholder 10, der er placeret på maskinens ramme. Beholderens øvre 35 del er åben for påfyldning af det materiale, der skal spredes.The machine shown in the figures has a hopper-shaped storage container 10 located on the frame of the machine. The upper portion of the container is open for filling the material to be dispersed.

Den nedre del har en åbning 11, hvorigennem materialet doseres ved hjælp af en knastvalse 12 og et tungeformet organ 13, der 4The lower part has an opening 11 through which the material is dosed by means of a cam roll 12 and a tongue-shaped member 13 which 4

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omkring en akse 14 er bevægeligt henimod henholdsvis væk fra knastvalsen 12 ved hjælp af en manøvrestang 15. Det tungeformede organ indstilles i hensigtsmæssig stilling i forhold til kornstørrelsen på det materiale, der skal spredes. Knastvalsen 5 drives med kæde eller tilsvarende midler ved hjælp af en ikke nærmere beskrevet variator 16, hvis hastighed kan indstilles på en gradinddelt skala, så at en ønsket mængde bliver doseret fra forrådsbeholderen. Som nævnt ovenfor i indledningen er denne indstilling dog meget tilnærmelsesvis og afhænger i den 10 aktuelle situation af materialets egenskaber.about an axis 14 is movable towards, respectively, away from the cam roll 12 by means of a maneuvering rod 15. The tongue-shaped member is adjusted in a suitable position relative to the grain size of the material to be spread. The cam roll 5 is driven by chain or similar means by means of an unspecified variator 16, the speed of which can be adjusted on a graded scale so that a desired amount is dosed from the storage container. However, as mentioned above in the introduction, this setting is very approximate and in the current situation depends on the properties of the material.

Fra knastvalsen 12 ledes materialet direkte ned i et antal vinkelret på maskinens forskydningsretning beliggende ejekto-rer 17, der hver enkelt har en tragt 18 til at opfange mate-15 rialet. Under spredningen vil materialet ved tyngdekraftens påvirkning falde ned i et rør 19, der udgør forbindelsen mellem en indløbsdel 20 og en diffusordel 21 af hver ejektor.From the cam roll 12, the material is guided directly into a plurality of ejectors 17 located perpendicular to the machine's shear direction, each having a hopper 18 for intercepting the material. During dispersion, the material will, by gravity, fall into a tube 19 which forms the connection between an inlet portion 20 and a diffuser portion 21 of each ejector.

Diffusordelen 21 og tragten 18 er sammenbygget med og fikseret til maskinens ramme 22, medens indløbsdelen 20 og røret 19 er 20 forenet med hinanden og fastgjort på en bom 23, der er parallel med knastvalsen 12. Bommen med derpå hængende indløbsdel 20 og rør 19 kan forskydes vandret til venstre i fig. 1 ved hjælp af for bommens ender anbragte trækarme 24, 25 og en dre-jearm 26. Indløbsenden for hver ejektor er ved hjælp af et 25 fleksibelt rør 27 koblet til en ikke vist blæser, medens udløbet for hver diffusordel via en slange 28 er tilsluttet til et ikke vist spredningsorgan. Det har vist sig fordelagtigt for den pneumatiske transport at anbringe ejektorernes mindste tværsnit 29 under de tilsluttende rørsektioners centerlinie 30 30 og samtidig udforme diffusordelen 21 med gradvis voksende tværsn i t.The diffuser member 21 and the hopper 18 are assembled with and fixed to the frame 22 of the machine, while the inlet portion 20 and the tube 19 are joined together and secured to a boom 23 parallel to the cam roll 12. The boom with the inlet portion 20 and tube 19 then suspended is shifted horizontally to the left in FIG. 1 by means of pull arms 24, 25 and a pivot arm arranged at the ends of the boom, the inlet end of each ejector is connected to a fan not shown by means of a flexible tube 27, while the outlet of each diffuser part is connected via a hose 28 to a spreading member not shown. It has been found advantageous for the pneumatic conveyor to place the smallest cross-section 29 of the ejectors below the center line 30 of the connecting pipe sections and at the same time design the diffuser part 21 with progressively increasing cross-sections in t.

Under røret 19 er der placeret en opsamlingsskuffe 31 på skinner 32, der igen er anbragt på rammen 22.Underneath the tube 19 is a collecting drawer 31 located on rails 32 which are again mounted on the frame 22.

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Maskinen fungerer på følgende måde.The machine works as follows.

Claims

15 Patent claims.

A machine for spreading granular material, such as seed, commercial fertilizers and similar materials, in which the grain-shaped material is transferred from a storage container (10) by means of a metering means (12) to ejectors (17) for pneumatic transport through pipelines ( 28) for spreading means, and wherein the granular material after dosing from the dosing means (12) without being distributed to the spreading means can be collected in a collection drawer (31) for checking that the correct amount of material is dosed, characterized in that: each ejector (17) consists of two or more portions, at least one portion (19, 20) of which can be moved relative to the other portion (s) (21) to form an aperture below the metering means and in that portion of the ejector, where the material is dosed into it, and the collecting tray (31) is located below the opening.

Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that each ejector consists of two parts, one of which is the ejector air inlet part (20) movable on the machine, while the other part of the ejector, which is its diffuser part (21), is fixed to the machine. DK 159518 B

Machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the ejector (17) includes a hopper (18) adapted to spread the material from the metering means (12) to the ejector and which is permanently connected to the ejector. non-moving part (21).

Machine according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the smallest cross-section (29) of the ejectors is located below the center line (30) of the connected pipeline.

Machine according to claim 4, characterized in that the hopper (18) opens at the smallest cross-section of the ejector.

Machine according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the movable part (19, 20) of the ejector is arranged to be displaced rectilinear in the longitudinal direction of the ejector (17).