DK157202B - Bearing plate or supporting plate for railway rails - Google Patents
Bearing plate or supporting plate for railway rails Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DK157202B DK157202B DK484480A DK484480A DK157202B DK 157202 B DK157202 B DK 157202B DK 484480 A DK484480 A DK 484480A DK 484480 A DK484480 A DK 484480A DK 157202 B DK157202 B DK 157202B
- Authority
- DK
- Denmark
- Prior art keywords
- support plate
- plate
- support
- rail
- swelling
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
- E01B9/02—Fastening rails, tie-plates, or chairs directly on sleepers or foundations; Means therefor
- E01B9/28—Fastening on wooden or concrete sleepers or on masonry with clamp members
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
- E01B9/38—Indirect fastening of rails by using tie-plates or chairs; Fastening of rails on the tie-plates or in the chairs
- E01B9/40—Tie-plates for flat-bottom rails
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
- E01B9/38—Indirect fastening of rails by using tie-plates or chairs; Fastening of rails on the tie-plates or in the chairs
- E01B9/40—Tie-plates for flat-bottom rails
- E01B9/42—Tie-plates for flat-bottom rails of two or more parts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
- E01B9/38—Indirect fastening of rails by using tie-plates or chairs; Fastening of rails on the tie-plates or in the chairs
- E01B9/44—Fastening the rail on the tie-plate
- E01B9/46—Fastening the rail on the tie-plate by clamps
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Railway Tracks (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
- Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
Description
DK 157202 BDK 157202 B
Opfindelsen angâr en underlagsplade eller stotteplade af den i hovedkravets indledning angivne art. Sâdanne underlagsplader eller stotteplader overforer kræfter fra skinnen til svellen eller til skinnestattepunktet 5 og tjener desuden til at fiksere de to skinner i de-res korrekte indbyrdes stilling sâledes, at den for koretojernes hjulsæt nodvendige sporvidde sikres og opretholdes pâ et hvilket som helst sted langs med skin-nesporet.The invention relates to a support plate or support plate of the type specified in the preamble of the main claim. Such support plates or support plates transmit forces from the rail to the sleeper or to the rail support point 5 and further serve to fix the two rails in their correct mutual position so that the track width necessary for the wheelset wheelsets is secured and maintained at any location along with skin-nesporet.
10 Underlagspladerne og stottepladerne har fikseringsrib-ber og er sâledes et særlig vigtigt led i skinnernes forankringsorganer, fordi de ogsâ overforer horisonta-le kræfter fra skinnerne til disses understotningspunk-ter. Dette indebærer, at underlagspladernes eller stot-15 tepladernes sikring mod forskydning i forhold til svel-lernes topflade eller i forhold til skinnestottepunkter-nes bæreflade især i retning pâ tværs af sporets læng-deretning kun kan opnâs ved, at underlagspladernes eller stottepladernes samlede nedre flade ved hjælp af 20 svelleskruer eller tilsvarende holdeorganer trykkes ned mod den ovre svelleflade med et sâ stort fladetryk, at de frie horisontale kræfter, der pâvirker pladerne, som friktionskræfter kan overfores til svellerne eller skinnestottepunkterne, uden at pladerne forskydes i 25 forhold til svellerne.The support plates and support plates have fixing ribs and are thus a particularly important link in the anchors of the rails, because they also transmit horizontal forces from the rails to their supporting points. This means that the protection of the substrate plates or supporting plates against shear in relation to the top surface of the sleepers or in relation to the supporting surface of the rails can be achieved, especially in the longitudinal direction of the track, only by the overall lower surface of the substrate plates or supporting plates. by means of 20 swelling screws or similar retaining means, is pressed down against the upper swelling surface with such great surface pressure that the free horizontal forces acting on the plates can be transmitted as frictional forces to the sleepers or rail supports without displacing the plates in relation to the sleepers.
Disse krav har eksisteret siden indforelsen af skinne-fastgorelsesorganer indbefattende de omtalte underlagsplader eller stotteplader, der fastgeres pâ træsveller ved hjælp af svelleskruer. De omtalte krav har til dato 30 imidlertid ikke kunnet opfyldes pâ fuldt tilfredsstil-lende vis. Erfaringen i praksis har nemlig vist, at der i bedste tilfælde kun opnâs en utilstrækkelig frik-tionskontakt mellem de fleste fastspændte underlagsplader s eller stottepladers nedre flade og tværsvellensThese requirements have existed since the introduction of rail fasteners, including the aforementioned backing sheets or support plates, which are fastened to wooden sleepers by swelling screws. However, to date 30, the said requirements could not be fully satisfied. Experience in practice has shown that, in the best case scenario, only an insufficient friction contact is obtained between most of the clamped base plate or support plate's lower surface and that of the transverse swell.
DK 157202 BDK 157202 B
2 topflade henholdsvis skinnestottepunktets bæreflade, og at denne manglende eller i det mindste utilstrække-lige friktionskontakt tilmed bliver mindre med tiden.2, respectively, and the support surface of the rail support point, and that this missing or at least insufficient friction contact even becomes smaller with time.
Man har mâttet konstantere, at der selv ved et nyligt 5 indbygget skinnestottepunkt kun i svelleskruernes nær-meste omgivelser opnâs et kraftoverf0rende friktions-anlæg mellem underlagspladen eller stottepladen pâ den ene side og svellens eller skinnestottepunktets bæreflade pâ den anden side, uanset, om svelleskruerne er 10 tilspændt med eller uden fjederringe.It has been observed that even at a newly built rail support point, only in the immediate vicinity of the swelling screws, a power transfer friction system between the support plate or the support plate on one side and the support surface of the swelling or rail support on the other side is achieved, regardless of whether the swelling 10 tightened with or without spring rings.
Denne til at begynde med endnu ret virksomme sammen-spænding mellem underlagspladen eller stottepladen og svel-l-etopfladen bliver ofte væsentlig svagere allerede efter kort tid, fordi svelletopfladen deformeres pla-15 stisk under indvirkning af de store sammenspændings- kræfter. Dette med£0rer foruden forskydningen af underlagspladen ved horisontale kraftpâvirkninger og den heraf resulterende ændring af sporvidden den yderlige-re mangel, at hulvæggen i underlagspladen eller stotte-20 pladen kommer til anlæg mod den gennem hullet i pladen forte svelleskrue, der pâ grund af den fra det rullen-de materiel hidrorende belastning udsættes for bojnings-pâvirkninger, hvorved svelleskruernes oprindeligt faste forankru ng i svellerne efterhânden bliver losere.This, initially, even more effective tension between the support plate or support plate and the swelling I-ether surface often becomes considerably weaker already after a short time, because the swelling surface is deformed plastically under the influence of the large compressive forces. In addition to the displacement of the substrate plate by horizontal forces, this results in the addition of the additional defect that the hollow wall in the substrate plate or the supporting plate comes into contact with the swelling screw which penetrated through the hole in the plate. from the rolling material due load is subjected to bending effects, whereupon the initially fixed anchoring of the swelling screws in the sleepers gradually loosens.
25 Da underlagspladernes eller stottepladernes losnen med-forer en forringelse af sporets samlede stabilitet, har-man anbragt dobbelt eller tredobbelt spændende fjederringe mellem underlagspladen og svelleskruehoveder-ne- Sâdanne fjederringe har imidlertid ikke blot kun 30 en lille fjedervanding, men desuden en uhensigtsmæssig stærkt progressiv fjederkarakteristik, hvorfor deres effektivitet ofte forringes selv ved en forholdsvis lille plastisk deformation af svelletopfladen. Sâdanne fjederringe brækker desuden hyppigt itu pâ grund af25 As the detachment of the support plates or support plates causes a deterioration of the overall stability of the track, double or triple tensioning spring rings have been placed between the support plate and swivel screw heads. However, such spring rings not only have a small spring irrigation, but also an unduly strong progressive spring characteristic, which is why their efficiency is often impaired even by a relatively small plastic deformation of the swelling surface. Such spring rings also break frequently due to
DK 157202 BDK 157202 B
3 deres ugunstige fjederkarakteristik.3 their unfavorable spring characteristic.
Det har endvidere vist sig, at der ved de kendte skin-neforankringer pâ treesveller fâs en meget stor flade-presning omkring svelleskruerne, pâ grund af hvilken 5 svellernes topflade deformeres plastisk-elastisk. Det te medfarer igen den ulempe, at underlagspladernes el-ler st0ttepladernes midterste omrâde hvælves opad, sâ at pladerne i skinnernes omrâde loftes op fra svelle-topfladen. Nâr en sâdan underlagsplade eller stottepla-10 de pâvirkes af det rullende materiels vægt, trykkes pladens opad hvælvede parti stadagtigt nedad. Der er her taie om den sâkaldte pumpning, som efterhânden me-kanisk beskadiger svelletopfladen. Man har gennemfart forsag til at forhindre underlagspladernes eller stat-15 tepladernes sâkaldte pumpning ved at give især i omrâ- det ved sporskifter monterede underlagsplader eller statteplader en tykkelse pâ 20 mm i stedet for den normale tykkelse pâ 16 mm. Ved denne bekostelige foran-staltning har man imidlertid kun kunnet opnâ en lille 20 mindskelse af den skadelige pumpeeffekt.Furthermore, it has been found that at the known skin anchors on tree sleepers, a very large surface compression is found around the swelling screws, due to which the top surface of the 5 sleepers is deformed plastic-elastically. The tea again causes the disadvantage that the base plate or the support plate's center area is curved upwards, so that the plates in the rail area are raised from the swell top surface. When such a support plate or support plate is affected by the weight of the rolling stock, the upwardly vaulted portion of the plate is pressed downward steadily. There is a lot of talk here about the so-called pumping, which gradually damages the swelling surface. Attempts have been made to prevent the so-called pumping of the substrate plates or the state plates by providing, in particular in the area of track switches, substrate plates or stat plates a thickness of 20 mm instead of the normal thickness of 16 mm. However, by this costly measure, only a slight reduction in the detrimental pump effect has been achieved.
Med den mest udbredte skinnefastgarelse, hvor der til fastgarelsen anvendes en ribbe med en svalehaleudspa-ring til optagelse af hovedet pâ en hageskrue, kan man til at begynde med pâ grund af den kraftige fastspæn-25 ding af skinnefoden ved hjælp af krogskruerne, klem- pladerne og fjederringene opnâ en forholdsvis stiv for-bindelse med underlagspladen. Skinnens sâkaldte bort-loftningsbolge, der uundgâeligt frembringes af det pas-serende rullende materiel, overfores derfor i sporets 30 længderetning udæmpet til underlagspladen. Dette med-forer igen torsionspâvirkninger pâ underlagspladen og svellen i kerselsretningen og dermed plastiske defor-mationer af svellens topflade, hvorved fastgarelsen pâ skinnen tvangsmæssigt losnes.With the most widespread rail fastening, in which a rib with a dovetail recess is used for attaching the head to a chin screw, initially, due to the strong clamping of the rail foot by means of the hook screws, the plates and the spring rings achieve a relatively rigid connection with the support plate. The so-called clearing bolts of the rail, which are inevitably produced by the passing rolling stock, are therefore transmitted in the longitudinal direction of the groove depressed to the support plate. This, in turn, causes torsional effects on the substrate plate and the sleep in the direction of travel, and thus plastic deformations of the top surface of the sleep, thereby forcibly loosening the fastening on the rail.
DK 157202 BDK 157202 B
44
Man har ganske vist fors0gt at undgâ denne mange1 ved anvendelse af spændebojler henholdsvis spændeklemmer i stedet for krogskruer, klemmeplader og fjederringe.Admittedly, attempts have been made to avoid this many1 by using clamps or clamps instead of hook screws, clamping plates and spring rings.
Ved denne foranstaltning har det imidlertid kun været 5 muligt at opnâ en lille reduktion af torsionspâvirk-ningerne. Samtidigt hermed konstateredes imidlertid ogsâ en uonsket mindskelse af den for sporets stabili-tet særlig vigtige modstand mod skinnens forskydning i skinnens længderetning og vridningsmodstanden.By this measure, however, it has only been possible to achieve a slight reduction in the torsional effects. At the same time, however, an undesirable reduction in the resistance of the track, which is particularly important for the stability of the track, was also observed in the longitudinal direction of the rail and the torsional resistance.
10 Det er opfindelsens formai at afhjælpe de ovennævnte mangler ved k0reskinneforankringer pâ sveller eller skinnest0ttepunkter af anden art. I dette 0jemed tager opfindelsen naermere betegnet sigte pà at tilvejebringe en jernbaneskinneforankring, der ikke blot sikrer en 15 permanent fiksering af underlagspladen pâ svellens eller skinnestottepunktets bæreflade ved friktionsanlæg mellem de to samvirkende flader, men hvor desuden underlagspladen eller stottepladen kan hâve mindre di-mensioner end hidtil muligt og til trods herfor uden 20 pasning og uden at odelægges virke tilfredsstillende i et tidsrum, der mindst svarer til træsvellers sæd-vanlige liggetid pâ 40-50 âr. Dette formai opnâs ved det i hovedkravets kendetegnende del ângivne, idet den i sin spændingsfrie tilstand nedad konveks krummede 25 underlagsplade ved svelleskruernes tilspænding deforme-res elastisk og derved i plan form med hele sit nedre fladeareal og i ved tvangsdeformationen spændt tilstand bringes til anlæg mod svellen. Underlagspladen vil der-efter soge at vende tilbage til sin nedadtil konvekse 30 afspændte form. Da dette ikke er muligt, fordi under-lagspladens ender af svelleskruerne hindres i at lofte sig op fra svellen, holdes til gengæld underlagspladens midterzone mellem svelleskruerne trykket ned mod svellen med 0get- kraft og friktion. Derved kompenseres der 35 for en i afspændt tilstand plan eller nedadtil konkavIt is the object of the invention to overcome the aforementioned shortcomings of driver rail anchors on sleepers or rail supports of another kind. In this respect, the invention is more particularly intended to provide a rail track anchoring which not only ensures a permanent fixation of the support plate on the support surface of the sleeve or rail support at friction between the two cooperating surfaces, but in which the support plate or support plate can also be supported. so far possible and despite this without 20 care and without being destroyed seems satisfactory for a period at least corresponding to the usual habitual laying time of 40-50 years of wood sleepers. This shape is achieved by the characteristic part of the main claim, in that in its stress-free state, the convex downwardly-curved substrate plate is elastically deformed and, in flat form, with its entire lower surface area, and in the tensioned state, is brought into contact with the swell tension. . The backing plate then seeks to return to its downwardly convex 30 relaxed shape. However, since this is not possible because the underlay plate ends of the swell screws are prevented from lifting up from the swell, the middle zone of the support plate between the swelling screws is pressed down against the swell with force and friction. This compensates 35 for a relaxed or downward concave plane
DK 157202 BDK 157202 B
5 underlagsplades reducerede tryk mod svellen i ovennaevn-te midterzone. Ved underlagspladen eller stottepladen ifolge opfindelsen er svellens eller skinnestottepunk-tets bæreflade for underlagspladen ganske vist udsat 5 for en lille elastisk deformation, som principielt ik-ke kan undgâs, men der tilvejebringes og opretholdes pâ grund af underlagspladens eller stettepladens egen-elasticitet, der virker som en tilbagefjedringskraft, en friktionsforbindelse mellem underlagspladen og svel-10 lens topflade henholdsvis skinnestettepunktets bærefla de selv i de tilfælde, hvor der findes korrosionsslid mellem underlagspladen henholdsvis stottepladen og svel-leskruens hoved. Efterspænding af svelleskruen er der-for ikke nodvendig praktisk taget i trætværsvellers 15 samlede liggetid.5 underlay plate reduced pressure against the swelling in the above center zone. At the support plate or support plate according to the invention, the support surface of the swelling or rail support point for the support plate is subjected to a small elastic deformation which cannot in principle be avoided, but is provided and maintained due to the elasticity of the support plate or support plate. as a resilient force, a frictional connection between the backing plate and the top surface of the swelling 10 and the supporting surface of the rail support point respectively, even in cases where there is corrosion wear between the backing plate and the supporting plate and the head of the swelling screw. Tensioning of the swelling screw is therefore not practically necessary in the total sleep time of 15 sleepers.
I det folgende forklares opfindelsen nærmere ved hjælp af tegningen, hvor fig. 1 i tværsnit viser en skinne UIC 60 med tilhoren-de fastgorelsesorganer indbefattende to som fastgorel-20 seselementer tjenende krogformede svelleskruer, af hvil-ke svelleskruen til hojre i fig. 1 kun er delvis tilr spændt, medens svelleskruen til venstre er helt tilspændt, fig. 2 skinnen med fastgerelsesorganerne, set fra oven, fig. 3 fastgorelsesorganerne, set vinkelret pâ fig. 1, 25 fig. 4 en til fastgorelsesorganerne horende underlags- plade i en hvælvet, ikke tilspændt tilstand og set i skinnens længderetning, fig. 5 underlagspladen, set fra oven, fig. 6 samme, set vinkelret pâ fig. 4,In the following, the invention is explained in more detail with the aid of the drawing, in which fig. 1 in cross-section shows a rail UIC 60 with associated fastening means including two hook-shaped swelling screws serving as fastening elements, of which the swelling screw to the right of FIG. 1 is only partially tightened, while the swell screw on the left is fully tightened; FIG. 2 is a top view of the rail with the fastening means; FIG. 3 is a perpendicular view of FIG. 1, FIG. 4 shows a support plate belonging to the fastening means in a vaulted, non-tensioned condition and seen in the longitudinal direction of the rail; FIG. 5 is a top view of the support plate; FIG. 6, seen perpendicular to FIG. 4
DK 157202 BDK 157202 B
6 fig. 7 set i skinnens længderetning en anden udforel-sesform for organerne til fastgorelse af skinner pâ tværsveller, med ribbestotteplader, fig. 8 de i fig. 7 viste fastgorelsesorganer, set fra 5 oven, og fig. 9 samme, set vinkelret pâ fig. 7.6 FIG. 7 is another longitudinal view of the rail, another embodiment of the means for fastening rails on transverse sleepers, with rib support plates; FIG. 8 shows those of FIG. 7 from above, and FIG. 9, seen perpendicular to FIG. 7th
Ved lægning af jernbaneskinner anbringes selve skinner-ne sont oftest ved hjælp af tværsveller 1 pâ et skærve-ballastleje. Som tværsveller 1 anvendes vidtgâende im-10 prægnerede træsveller, der anbringes i skærveballasten.When laying rail rails, the rails themselves are most often placed by means of transverse sleepers 1 on a shear-ballast bed. As transverse sleepers 1, extensive im-10 embossed wooden sleepers are used which are placed in the shear ball joint.
Som svelletræ anvendes bog og eg eller fyr og tropiske træsorter sâsom keruing.Book and oak or pine and tropical woods such as keruing are used as starvation.
De i en bestemt indbyrdes afstand fra hinanden anbrag-te tværsveller 1 er ved hjælp af fastspændingsorganer 15 2 forbundet tipningssikret med skinnerne 3 til dannel- se af en forholdsvis stiv sporramme. Skinnernes fast-gorelsesorganer 2 indbefatter en underlagsplade 4 med ribber," et antal, f.eks. fire svelleskruer 5, der for-binder underlagspladen 4 med svellen 1, samt spændeor-20 ganer, der dels er koblet til underlagspladen 4 og dels trykker mod skinnefoden, og som i fig. 1 til 3 indbefatter krogformede skruer 6, klemplader 6' og fjeder-ringe 6". I stedet for krogskruer, klemplader og spæn-deringe kan· der selvfelgelig anvendes spændebojler eller 25 spændeklemmer, som pâvirker skinnefoden.The transverse sleepers 1 spaced apart at a certain distance from each other are connected by means of clamping means 15 2 to be anti-tipping with the rails 3 to form a relatively rigid track frame. The fastening means 2 of the rails include a support plate 4 with ribs, "a number, for example four swelling screws 5, which connect the support plate 4 with the sleeve 1, and clamping means which are partly coupled to the support plate 4 and partly pressurized. 1 to 3, including hook-shaped screws 6, clamping plates 6 'and spring rings 6 ". Instead of hook screws, clamping plates and clamps, of course, clamps or clamps which can act on the rail foot can be used.
Skinnefoden er beliggende mellem to ribber 7 pâ underlagspladen 4 og er indklemt mellem ribberne pâ en sâdan .mâde, at skinnefodens nedre flade ikke hviler direkte pâ underlagspladen 4's topflade, idet der mellem disse to 30 flader er indskudt et mellemlag 8.The rail foot is located between two ribs 7 on the backing plate 4 and is clamped between the ribs in such a way that the lower surface of the rail foot does not rest directly on the top surface of the backing plate 4, between these two 30 surfaces an interlayer 8 is inserted.
DK 157202 BDK 157202 B
77
Den venstre krogformede skrue 6 i fig. 1 er vist i sin endelige monterede tilstand, i hvilken klempladen 6' ligger an mod skinnefoden og trykker denne nedad, idet forspændingen er tilvejebragt ved hjælp af en med skru-5 en 6 samvirkende iruatrik og fjederringen 6".The left hook-shaped screw 6 in FIG. 1 is shown in its final mounted state in which the clamping plate 6 'abuts against the rail foot and pushes it downwardly, the biasing being provided by means of a co-actuating screw with the screw 5 and the spring ring 6 ".
Den hojre halvdel af fig. 1 viser derimod krogskruen 6 med motrikken, klempladen 6' og fjederringen 6" i ikke færdig monteret tilstand.The right half of FIG. 1, on the other hand, shows the hook screw 6 with the counter nut, clamping plate 6 'and the spring ring 6 "in the unfinished condition.
Det er vigtigt for skinnefastgorelsesorganerne 2's ef-10 fektivitet, at den samlede nedre flade 9 pâ underlags-pladen 4 holdes i permanent friktionsanlaeg mod svellens 0vre flade 10. I dette ojemed har underlagspladen 4 som vist i fig. 4 og 6 i sin oprindelige, ikke spænd-te tilstand udgâende fra mindst to modstâende begræns-15 ningskanter, i det foreliggende tilfælde udgâende fra de to langsgâende sidekanter 4 \ en indadtil nedad hvæl-vet form.It is important for the efficiency of the rail fastening means 2 that the total lower surface 9 of the support plate 4 is kept in permanent friction abutment against the upper surface of the sleep 10. In this respect, the support plate 4 as shown in FIG. 4 and 6 in its original, unstressed state, starting from at least two opposing constraint edges, in the present case, starting from the two longitudinal side edges 4 \ inwardly downwardly curved shape.
I den i fig. 4 til 6 viste udforelsesform har underlagspladen 4 i tværretningen en nedadtil konveks hvæl-20 ving 11, hvis lavest beliggende punkt 12 er sammenfal-dende med pladens langsgâende midterlinie 13.In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 to 6, the support plate 4 in the transverse direction has a downwardly convex arch 11, the lowest point of which 12 coincides with the longitudinal centerline of the plate 13.
I andre tilfælde kan hvælvingen 11 dog ogsâ strække sig parallelt med underlagspladen 4's længderetning sâledes, at hvælvingens laveste punkt 12 er sammenfal-25 dende med underlagspladen 4's tværgâende midterlinie 14, fig. 5.In other cases, however, the vault 11 may also extend parallel to the longitudinal direction of the backing plate 4 so that the lowest point 12 of the vault coincides with the transverse center line 14 of the backing plate 4; 5th
Endelig kan hvælvingen 12 forlobe i underlagspladen 4's diagonale retning sâledes, at der fortrinsvis fâs en sfærisk krummet flade, som sâ at sige kun har et 30 i krydsningsomrâdet mellem pladens langsgâende midterlinie 13 og pladens tværgâende midterlinie 14 beliggende laveste punkt.Finally, the vault 12 may extend in the diagonal direction of the backing plate 4 so that a spherical curved surface is preferably provided, which is said to have only a 30 in the intersection area between the longitudinal centerline 13 of the plate and the transverse centerline 14 of the plate.
DK 157202 BDK 157202 B
88
Bundfladen 9's hvælving 11 kan hâve et kurveformet for-10b svarende til en cirkelbue eller en ellipsebue eller en lignende geometrisk kurve. Hvælvingen 11 kan dog ogsâ være sammensat af enkelte efter hinanden folgende 5 retliniede afsnit og/eller flade buer, der danner en vinkel med hinanden.The vault 11 of the bottom surface 9 may have a curved front 10b corresponding to a circular arc or an ellipse arc or a similar geometric curve. However, the vault 11 may also be composed of individual consecutive 5 rectilinear sections and / or flat arcs forming an angle with each other.
ünderlagspladen 4 i den i fig. 4 til 6 viste udforel-sesform kan enten fremstilles af valsede profiler eller som sænksmedede, stobte eller svejste dele. Det 10 kan være særlig hensigtsmæssigt forst at fremstille underlagspladerne som plant valsede eller pressede præ- fabrikata og dernæst at forme hvælvingen. 11 ved koldde- formation i en sænke.The backing plate 4 in the embodiment of FIG. The embodiment shown in Figures 4 to 6 can either be made of rolled profiles or as countersinked, molded or welded parts. It may be particularly convenient to first prepare the backing sheets as flat rolled or pressed prefabricated and then to form the vault. 11 by cold deformation in a sink.
Det er vigtigt, at ünderlagspladen 4 med hvælvingen 15 11 kan spændes elastisk ved hjælp af de fire svelle- skruer 5S der med et forholdsvis stort spil er fort gennem hvert sit hul, især hvert sit ovale hul 15 i ünderlagspladen, pâ en sâdan màde, at underlagspla-dens samlede nedre flade 9 kan spændes ned mod svel-20 lens topflade 10 og derved bringes til friktionsan-læg mod denne. Ved passende tilspænding af. svelle-skrueme 5 kan der pâ denne mâde tilve jebringes et bestemt fladetryk mellem bundfladen 9 pâ underlags-pladen 4 og svellens topflade 10, hvilket tryk bidra-25 ger til at overfore de horisontale kræfter, hvormed skinnen 3 pâvirker ünderlagspladen 4. Jo storre den vertikale elastiske vandring til eliminering af hvælvingen 11 er, des storre er den opnâelige fladepres-ning, som iovrigt er afhængig af materialets kvalitet, 3 q underlagspladens dimensioner og hvælvingens form. Ved forsog har man fundet frem til en hvælving 11 med en optimal kurveform. Til opnâelse af en optimal flade-présning kan der selvfolgelig ogsâ benyttes et bestemt polygontræk med varierende vinkler mellem polygonfla-35 derne eller en geometrisk kurveform med kvadratiskeIt is important that the base plate 4 with the vault 15 11 can be elastically tightened by means of the four swelling screws 5S which, with a relatively large play, are fast through each hole, in particular each oval hole 15 in the base plate, in such a manner. the overall lower surface 9 of the support plate can be tensioned down to the top surface 10 of the swell 20 and thereby brought to friction abutment against it. By appropriate tightening of. in this way, a certain surface pressure can be provided between the bottom surface 9 of the backing plate 4 and the top surface of the sleep 10, which pressure contributes to transfer the horizontal forces by which the rail 3 exerts the backing plate 4. The larger the vertical elastic migration to eliminate the vault 11 is, the greater is the obtainable surface pressing which is otherwise dependent on the quality of the material, the dimensions of the substrate plate and the shape of the vault. By experiment, a vault 11 with an optimal waveform has been found. Of course, to obtain an optimum surface appearance, a certain polygon feature with varying angles between the polygon surfaces or a geometric waveform with square squares can be used.
DK 157202 BDK 157202 B
9 eller. kubiske afsnit eller led af hojere orden. Ende-lig kan hvælvingen 11 være dannet af længere eller kortere retliniede sektioner st0dende op til flade buesektioner eller retliniede mellem afsnit. Ogsâ di-5 vergerende hvælvinger pâ oversiden og undersiden og forskellige hvælvinger pâ det indre og det ydre omrâ-de er tænkelige.9 or. cubic sections or joints of higher order. Finally, the arch 11 may be formed of longer or shorter rectilinear sections adjacent to flat arch sections or rectilinear sections. There are also di-5 guarding vaults on the upper and lower sides and various vaults on the inner and outer areas are conceivable.
Det forventes, at man ved anvendelse af sâdanne un- derlagsplader 4 soin væsentlig funktionsdel i skinner-nés forankringsorganer kan sikre den elastiske sammen- spænding af underlagspladen 4 og svellens topflade 10 og forankringssspæiîdingen i omrâdet ved underlagspla- dens ribber 7 i træsvellers samlede levetid pâ tilnær- melsesvis 40 til 50 âr pâ trods af den udefra virken- 15 de statiske og dynamiske hjulbelastning, uden at de maksimale flade- og kantpresninger overskrider de tilladelige langtidsfladepresninger for de til jernbanesveller anvendte træsorter eller ævrige materialer.It is expected that by using such support plates 4, a substantial functional part of the anchors of the rails can ensure the elastic tension of the support plate 4 and the top surface 10 of the sleeper and the anchorage spreading in the area at the support plate ribs 7 in the overall life of the wood sleepers. approximately 40 to 50 years in spite of the externally acting static and dynamic wheel load, without the maximum surface and edge pressing exceeding the permissible long-term surface pressures for the types of wood or other materials used for railway sleepers.
20 Ved den beskrevne udformning og opspænding af un- derlagspladerne 4 kan de hidtil mellem svelleskruer-ne 5 og underlagspladen· anvendte f jederringe bortfal-de. Ved hjælp af den elastisk spændte underlagsplade 4 sikres den nodvendige friktionsforbindelse mellem 25 denne og svellens topflade vaesentligt bedre end ved hjælp af fjederringe, der har en meget kort progres-siv fjedervandring, som.er ufordelagtig til dette formàl, idet den ved hjælp af fjederringe tilveje-bragt tilspænding aftager kraftigt selv ved smâ ela-30 stiske og plastiske deformationer af svellernes topflade 10. De nedadhvælvede underlagsplader har derimod en væsentlig storre og dermed mere fordelagtig, fla-dere forlobende kraft-fjedervej med en tilnærmelsesvis mere lineær karakteristik.20 In the described design and clamping of the support plates 4, the spring rings used so far between the swelling screws 5 and the support plate · may lapse. By means of the elastic tensioned support plate 4, the necessary frictional connection between the latter and the top surface of the swelling is substantially better than by means of spring rings which have a very short progressive spring migration which is disadvantageous to this purpose, since by means of spring rings The applied tension decreases sharply even with small elastic and plastic deformations of the top surface of the sleepers 10. The downwardly curved backing plates, on the other hand, have a substantially larger and thus more advantageous, more flat, force-spring path with an approximately more linear characteristic.
35 Fig. 7 til 9 viser skinnespændeorganer i en konstruk-FIG. 7 to 9 show rail clamping means in a construction.
DK 157202 BDK 157202 B
10 tivt noget ændret udforelsesform, idet der i stedet for en gennemgâende underlagsplade 4 i et stykke til forankring af skinnerne pà tværsveller 1 anvendes to sâkaldte stotteplader 17 med hver sin ribbe 19, der 5 soin antydet ved 16 i fig. 7 samvirker med hver sin si-dekantflade pâ skinnefoden» De to ribbestotteplader 17 er anbragt side om side i en sâdan afstand fra hin-anden pâ svellens topflade 10, at skinnen 3*s fod kan placeres pâ et mellemlag 18 i mellemrummet mellem de 10 to ribber 19.10 shows a somewhat modified embodiment, in which instead of a continuous support plate 4 in one piece for anchoring the rails on transverse sleepers 1, two so-called support plates 17 are used, each having a rib 19, which is indicated at 16 in FIG. 7 cooperate with each side of the side edge on the rail foot »The two rib support plates 17 are arranged side by side at such a distance from each other on the top surface of the sleeve 10 that the rail 3 * s foot can be placed on an intermediate layer 18 in the space between the 10 two ribs 19.
De to statteplader 17 har samme form og er blot drejet 180° i forhold til hinanden. Hver stotteplade 17*s ribbe 19 samvirker pâ samme mâde som beskrevet i det foregâende i forbindelse med den gennemgâende under-15 lagsplade 4 med spændemidler bestâende af krogskruer 6, klemplader 6’ og fjederringe 6". Som spændemidler kan dog ogsâ her anvendes spændebojler eller spænde-klemmer. Ogsâ ribbest0ttepladerne 17 har som vist pâ venstre halvdel af fig. 9 i ikke spændt tilstand en 20 udgâende fra modstâende begrænsningskanter, nærmere betegnet de tværgâende sidekanter 17* indadtil nedad hvælvet form, hvor hvælvingens laveste punkt 21 er sammenfaldende med hver ribbest0tteplade 17*s tværgâende midterlinie 22.The two state plates 17 are of the same shape and are simply rotated 180 ° relative to each other. The ribs 19 of each support plate 17 * cooperate in the same manner as described above in connection with the through-going support plate 4 with clamping means consisting of hook screws 6, clamping plates 6 'and spring rings 6 ". However, clamping means or clamping means can also be used here. Also, as shown on the left half of Fig. 9, the rib support plates 17 have an unstressed 20 starting from opposing constraint edges, more specifically the transverse side edges 17 * inwardly downwardly curved form, with the lowest point 21 of the vault coinciding with each rib support plate. 17 * transverse centerline 22.
25 Svelleskruerne 5 samvirker med st0ttepladerne 17 ved hjælp af i pladerne udformede slidser 23, der udmun-der i tværgâende' sidekanter 17*, og som skrâner mod skinnelængdeaksen. Slidseme tjener til korrektion af skinnens positionering derved, at en forskydning •7o af pladen 17 i længderetningen i forhold til den pâ-gældende svelleskrue 5 tvangsmæssigt medforer en be-vægelseskomposant i tværretningen. Pâ denne mâde kan ribbeplademe 17 ogsâ i tværretningen spændes mod skinnefoden og ved tilspænding af svelleskruerne 5 35 ved friktion permanent spændes ned mod svelletopfla-The swelling screws 5 cooperate with the support plates 17 by means of slots 23 formed in the plates, which open at transverse 'side edges 17 * and which slope towards the rail length axis. The slots serve to correct the positioning of the rails in that a displacement of the plate 17 in the longitudinal direction relative to the applicable swelling screw 5 forcibly causes a moving component in the transverse direction. In this way, the ribs 17 can also be tensioned in the transverse direction towards the rail foot and, by tightening the swelling screws 5 35, by friction are permanently tensioned down against the swelling surface.
DK 157202 BDK 157202 B
11 den 10 med en fra hvælvingen 20 resulterende forspæn-ding, som det fremgâr af fig. 9*s hojre halvdel.11 on 10 with a bias 20 resulting from the vault 20 as shown in FIG. 9 * s right half.
Til slut skal der peges pâ, at det ofte vil være for-delagtigt med en ru nedre flade 9 pâ underlagspladen 5 4 eller st0ttepladen 17« Fladen kan være gjort ru ved rifling, ved hjælp af bukler eller vorter -eller ved sandblæsning. Herved foroges ikke Ilot friktionskoef- ficienten, men der tilvejebringes pâ denne mâde tilli-ge en mekanisk fortanding mellem pladens nedre flade 1(. og svellens topflade 10.Finally, it should be pointed out that it will often be advantageous to have a rough lower surface 9 on the backing plate 5 4 or the support plate 17 «The surface may be roughened by rifling, by means of bumps or warts or by sand blasting. In this way, the coefficient of friction is not increased, but in this way a mechanical tooth is provided between the lower surface 1 of the plate (1) and the top surface of the sleep 10.
ta tata ta
Underlagspladen 4 henholdsvis st0ttepladen 17 kan des-uden være fastklæbet pâ svellens topflade 10, hvilket især er fordelagtigt i forbindelse med sveller af blodt træ, f.eks. fyrretræ. I sâ tilfælde b0r der 15 imidlertid anvendes underlagsplader 4 henholdsvis stotteplader 17 med et noget 0get bundfladeareal. Fastklæbningen af de elastisk forspændte underlagsplader eller st0tteplader er særlig fordelagtig ved en baneunderbygning uden skærveballast henholdsvis 20 ved anvendelse af betonsveller. Der ber i forbindelse med underlagsplader 4 eller stotteplader 17 af den i det foregâende beskrevne art anvendes svelle-skruer 5, hvor skrueflangens kant mod skruens anlægs-flade mod underlagspladen er afrundet, sâ at skrue-25 flangen ikke kan trænge ind i underlagspladens topflade „In addition, the support plate 4 and the support plate 17 may be adhered to the top surface 10 of the sleeper, which is particularly advantageous in connection with blood wood sleepers, e.g. Pine tree. In that case, however, support plates 4 and support plates 17, respectively, with a somewhat increased bottom surface area, should be used. The adhesion of the elastically prestressed backing sheets or support plates is particularly advantageous for a web support without shear ball load 20, respectively, using concrete sleepers. In connection with support plates 4 or support plates 17 of the kind described above, swelling screws 5 are used, the screw flange edge towards the abutment surface of the screw being rounded so that the screw flange cannot penetrate into the top surface of the support plate "
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (12)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19792919461 DE2919461A1 (en) | 1979-05-15 | 1979-05-15 | Rail fixture to wooden transverse or long sleepers - involves initially arched plates clamped and deformed flat onto surfaces |
| AT0542580A AT372433B (en) | 1979-05-15 | 1980-11-05 | DEVICE FOR RAIL MOUNTING |
| SE8007905A SE420854B (en) | 1979-05-15 | 1980-11-11 | DEVICE FOR FIXING RELATIONSHIPS OF TRANSMISSION AND / OR LONG-RING SLIPERS |
| AU64320/80A AU536352B2 (en) | 1979-05-15 | 1980-11-12 | Rail road tracks |
| DK484480A DK157202C (en) | 1979-05-15 | 1980-11-13 | RAILWAY OR SUPPORT PLATE |
| RO80102582A RO81365A (en) | 1979-05-15 | 1980-11-13 | DEVICE FOR FASTENING RAILS |
| ES1980263218U ES263218Y (en) | 1979-05-15 | 1980-11-13 | "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE DEVICES FOR THE SUBJECTION OF RAILS TO CROSSWAYS". |
| AR283228A AR222107A1 (en) | 1979-05-15 | 1980-11-13 | DEVICE FOR SECURING RAILS IN CROSS-CUTTING OR LONGITUDINAL SLEEVES, ESPECIALLY WOODEN SLEEPERS, AND IN OTHER POINTS OF SUPPORT OF RAILWAYS, IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF RAILWAY SUPERSTRUCTURES |
| ZA00807057A ZA807057B (en) | 1979-05-15 | 1980-11-13 | A device for fastening rails on transverse and longitudinal sleepers,in particular on timber sleepers,and other rail supporting points in permanent ways for railroads |
| PL1980227842A PL131638B1 (en) | 1979-05-15 | 1980-11-14 | Apparatus for securing a rail to lateral or longitudinalsleepers as well as to sleeperless rail supporting surfaces,in particular to wooden sleepers of an railroad track |
| DD80225212A DD154379A5 (en) | 1979-05-15 | 1980-11-14 | ARRANGEMENT FOR RAIL FASTENING IN RAILROAD CONSTRUCTION |
| YU2926/80A YU44320B (en) | 1979-05-15 | 1980-11-17 | Device for fixing rails to sleepers, particularly to wooden sleepers and other supports of rails at forming revetment of a railway |
Applications Claiming Priority (22)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19792919461 DE2919461A1 (en) | 1979-05-15 | 1979-05-15 | Rail fixture to wooden transverse or long sleepers - involves initially arched plates clamped and deformed flat onto surfaces |
| DE2919461 | 1979-05-15 | ||
| AT0542580A AT372433B (en) | 1979-05-15 | 1980-11-05 | DEVICE FOR RAIL MOUNTING |
| AT542580 | 1980-11-05 | ||
| SE8007905 | 1980-11-11 | ||
| SE8007905A SE420854B (en) | 1979-05-15 | 1980-11-11 | DEVICE FOR FIXING RELATIONSHIPS OF TRANSMISSION AND / OR LONG-RING SLIPERS |
| AU6432080 | 1980-11-12 | ||
| AU64320/80A AU536352B2 (en) | 1979-05-15 | 1980-11-12 | Rail road tracks |
| ZA8007057 | 1980-11-13 | ||
| AR283228A AR222107A1 (en) | 1979-05-15 | 1980-11-13 | DEVICE FOR SECURING RAILS IN CROSS-CUTTING OR LONGITUDINAL SLEEVES, ESPECIALLY WOODEN SLEEPERS, AND IN OTHER POINTS OF SUPPORT OF RAILWAYS, IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF RAILWAY SUPERSTRUCTURES |
| DK484480A DK157202C (en) | 1979-05-15 | 1980-11-13 | RAILWAY OR SUPPORT PLATE |
| RO10258280 | 1980-11-13 | ||
| RO80102582A RO81365A (en) | 1979-05-15 | 1980-11-13 | DEVICE FOR FASTENING RAILS |
| DK484480 | 1980-11-13 | ||
| ZA00807057A ZA807057B (en) | 1979-05-15 | 1980-11-13 | A device for fastening rails on transverse and longitudinal sleepers,in particular on timber sleepers,and other rail supporting points in permanent ways for railroads |
| AR28322880 | 1980-11-13 | ||
| PL22784280 | 1980-11-14 | ||
| DD22521280 | 1980-11-14 | ||
| DD80225212A DD154379A5 (en) | 1979-05-15 | 1980-11-14 | ARRANGEMENT FOR RAIL FASTENING IN RAILROAD CONSTRUCTION |
| PL1980227842A PL131638B1 (en) | 1979-05-15 | 1980-11-14 | Apparatus for securing a rail to lateral or longitudinalsleepers as well as to sleeperless rail supporting surfaces,in particular to wooden sleepers of an railroad track |
| YU292680 | 1980-11-17 | ||
| YU2926/80A YU44320B (en) | 1979-05-15 | 1980-11-17 | Device for fixing rails to sleepers, particularly to wooden sleepers and other supports of rails at forming revetment of a railway |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DK484480A DK484480A (en) | 1982-05-14 |
| DK157202B true DK157202B (en) | 1989-11-20 |
| DK157202C DK157202C (en) | 1990-04-30 |
Family
ID=39577795
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK484480A DK157202C (en) | 1979-05-15 | 1980-11-13 | RAILWAY OR SUPPORT PLATE |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AR (1) | AR222107A1 (en) |
| AT (1) | AT372433B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU536352B2 (en) |
| DD (1) | DD154379A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2919461A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK157202C (en) |
| ES (1) | ES263218Y (en) |
| PL (1) | PL131638B1 (en) |
| RO (1) | RO81365A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE420854B (en) |
| YU (1) | YU44320B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA807057B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3503428A1 (en) * | 1985-02-01 | 1986-08-07 | Clouth Gummiwerke AG, 5000 Köln | RAIL BEARING WITH AN ELASTICALLY SUPPORTED RIB PLATE |
| DE3643742A1 (en) * | 1986-12-20 | 1988-06-30 | Schwihag Gmbh | UNDERPLATE FOR FIXING RAILS OF RAILWAY TRACKS AND SWITCHES ON WOODEN SLEEPERS |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE521280C (en) * | 1931-10-19 | Siemens Bauunion G M B H Komm | Rail fastening on wooden sleepers with a base plate | |
| US1059439A (en) * | 1912-01-22 | 1913-04-22 | Edward L Adreon Jr | Tie-plate. |
| US2397023A (en) * | 1945-02-03 | 1946-03-19 | Robert J Lloyd | Tie plate |
| DE962261C (en) * | 1954-10-30 | 1957-04-18 | Deutsche Bundesbahn | Rail fastening using adjustable track plates on the side of the rail foot |
| US2858988A (en) * | 1955-04-13 | 1958-11-04 | Midwest Rubber Reclaiming Comp | Pad |
| DE2527494B2 (en) * | 1975-06-20 | 1978-02-23 | Schienenbefestigung Kracke, Harald, 2870 Delmenhorst | RAIL FASTENING |
-
1979
- 1979-05-15 DE DE19792919461 patent/DE2919461A1/en active Granted
-
1980
- 1980-11-05 AT AT0542580A patent/AT372433B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1980-11-11 SE SE8007905A patent/SE420854B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1980-11-12 AU AU64320/80A patent/AU536352B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1980-11-13 DK DK484480A patent/DK157202C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1980-11-13 ES ES1980263218U patent/ES263218Y/en not_active Expired
- 1980-11-13 RO RO80102582A patent/RO81365A/en unknown
- 1980-11-13 ZA ZA00807057A patent/ZA807057B/en unknown
- 1980-11-13 AR AR283228A patent/AR222107A1/en active
- 1980-11-14 DD DD80225212A patent/DD154379A5/en unknown
- 1980-11-14 PL PL1980227842A patent/PL131638B1/en unknown
- 1980-11-17 YU YU2926/80A patent/YU44320B/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AT372433B (en) | 1983-10-10 |
| SE420854B (en) | 1981-11-02 |
| AU6432080A (en) | 1982-05-20 |
| AU536352B2 (en) | 1984-05-03 |
| ZA807057B (en) | 1981-11-25 |
| PL227842A1 (en) | 1982-05-24 |
| YU44320B (en) | 1990-06-30 |
| AR222107A1 (en) | 1981-04-15 |
| DK157202C (en) | 1990-04-30 |
| ES263218Y (en) | 1983-04-16 |
| ES263218U (en) | 1982-11-01 |
| DK484480A (en) | 1982-05-14 |
| ATA542580A (en) | 1983-02-15 |
| RO81365B (en) | 1983-05-30 |
| RO81365A (en) | 1983-06-01 |
| PL131638B1 (en) | 1984-12-31 |
| YU292680A (en) | 1983-06-30 |
| DE2919461A1 (en) | 1980-11-27 |
| DD154379A5 (en) | 1982-03-17 |
| DE2919461C2 (en) | 1989-12-07 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US3439874A (en) | Rail fastening arrangement | |
| PT2133467E (en) | Laterally adjustable fixing of a rail to a sleeper | |
| JPH0768681B2 (en) | Rail clamp | |
| US3206123A (en) | Rail clip | |
| US2132571A (en) | Tie-plate construction | |
| DK157202B (en) | Bearing plate or supporting plate for railway rails | |
| US3369753A (en) | Pads for supporting rails | |
| US3428253A (en) | Rail attachment | |
| DK163528B (en) | Support plate for fastening railway rails and points to wooden sleepers | |
| PT87459B (en) | CARRIS FIXING DEVICE ON THE TRAYS | |
| RU86955U1 (en) | INTERMEDIATE RAIL BOND (OPTIONS) AND ITS ELEMENTS | |
| CN211340230U (en) | Railway track fixing device | |
| RU2422575C1 (en) | Sleeper | |
| CA1169400A (en) | Arched rail-support plate | |
| US4728031A (en) | Apparatus for fastening rails to railroad ties | |
| CN210766203U (en) | Fastener assembly for ballast track | |
| US1126496A (en) | Rail-chair. | |
| DE47906C (en) | Rail fastening | |
| DK176274B1 (en) | Insulation piece for elastic fastening of rails on sleepers | |
| US3313486A (en) | Railway track support | |
| US3129887A (en) | Rail anchorage | |
| NO754285L (en) | ||
| US32321A (en) | Permanent railway | |
| US1466997A (en) | Rail support and fastening | |
| US331868A (en) | William coetees |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PBP | Patent lapsed |