DK156023B

DK156023B - Vacuum pulsator for milking machines

Info

Publication number: DK156023B
Application number: DK218482A
Authority: DK
Inventors: Thomas Leslie Seaborne
Original assignee: Thomas Leslie Seaborne
Priority date: 1982-05-14
Filing date: 1982-05-14
Publication date: 1989-06-19
Also published as: DK218482A; DK156023C

Description

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Opfindelsen angår vakuumpulsatorer til anvendelse i malkemaskiner og af den i indledningen til krav 1 nævnte art.The invention relates to vacuum pulsators for use in milking machines and of the kind mentioned in the preamble of claim 1.

Malkemaskinepulsatorenheder tjener til at lede en række impulser til pattekopper, der er forbundet med et dyr, 5 der skal malkes, og hver impuls omfatter en vakuumfase og en atmosfæreluft- eller trykluftfase.Milking machine pulse units serve to direct a series of pulses to teat cups associated with an animal to be milked, each pulse comprising a vacuum phase and an atmospheric or compressed air phase.

Automatiske pulsatorer er separate pulsatorer, som er konstrueret til at frembringe en defineret impuls indeholdende en luft- og en vakuumfase, hvis hastighed enten 10 er konstant eller kan justeres ved styring af volumen vekslingen til et taktkammer. Konventionelle automatiske pulsatorer fungerer mere eller mindre vilkårligt i forhold til hinanden, fordi de ikke har en styrende masterenhed. Endvidere er det normalt ikke muligt at 15 styre forholdet mellem vakuum og luft i de til patte kopperne leverede impulser på justerbar måde.Automatic pulsators are separate pulsators which are designed to produce a defined pulse containing an air and a vacuum phase, the speed of which is either constant or adjustable by controlling the volume change to a clock chamber. Conventional automatic pulsators operate more or less arbitrarily in relation to each other because they do not have a controlling master unit. Furthermore, it is usually not possible to control the ratio of vacuum to air in the impulses supplied to the teat cups in an adjustable manner.

Relæpulsering i malkemaskiner er defineret ved, at den første pulsatorenhed modtager sin aktiveringsimpuls direkte fra en masterpulsator og derpå overfører den 20 modtagne impuls til den næste pulsator osv.Relay pulse in milking machines is defined by the first pulse unit receiving its activation pulse directly from a master pulse and then transmitting the received pulse to the next pulse and so on.

I alle kendte pneumatiske relæpulsatorer, der styres af en masterenhed, er overføringen af pulseringsfaserne fra den ene til den anden kun effektiv, når de overførte impulser har samme forhold mellem luft og vakuum dvs.In all known pneumatic relay pulsators controlled by a master unit, the transmission of the pulsation phases from one to the other is only effective when the transmitted pulses have the same ratio of air to vacuum ie.

25 50:50. I det tilfælde hvor en master- eller en relæ- pulsator frembringer en driftsimpuls, hvor vakuumfasen er større end atmosfæretrykfasen, såsom ved et forhold mellem vakuum og luft på 60:40, ville denne impuls, hvis den overførtes direkte til den næste pulsators 30 aktiveringskammer, frembringe det omvendte vakuum/ luftforhold på 40:60 til en pulsators tilsluttede pattekopper. Dette er naturligvis en yderst uønsket virkning.25 50:50. In the case where a master or a relay pulse generates an operating pulse where the vacuum phase is greater than the atmospheric pressure phase, such as at a vacuum to air ratio of 60:40, this pulse would, if transferred directly to the activation chamber of the next pulse 30 , produce the inverted vacuum / air ratio of 40:60 to a pulsator connected teat cups. This is of course a highly undesirable effect.

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Der findes ingen kendt malkemaskineventil, der er i stand til at korrigere denne virkning og ved en sådan pulsering at overføre et ønsket konstant forhold fra 5 den ene til den anden mellem vakuum og luft i impulser ne, som tilføres pattekopperne.There is no known milking machine valve capable of correcting this effect and by transmitting such a desired constant ratio from one to the other between vacuum and air in the pulses supplied to the teat cups.

Formålet for opfindelsen er at afhjælpe de ovennævnte ulemper ved den kendte teknik ved en vakuumpulsator, der enten arbejder som en automatisk enhed eller i et 10 relæsystem. Dette formål opnås ifølge opfindelsen ved, at vakuumpulsatoren, der som nævnt er af den i indledningen til krav 1 nævnte art, er udformet som angivet i den kendetegnende del af dette krav, idet man herved opnår, at en malkemaskine nemt kan justeres til et hvil-15 ket som helst forhold mellem vakuum og atmosfærisk luft- /trykluft i de til pattekopperne leverede impulser.The object of the invention is to overcome the aforementioned disadvantages of the prior art by a vacuum pulse either operating as an automatic unit or in a relay system. This object is achieved according to the invention in that the vacuum pulse, as mentioned in the preamble of claim 1, is designed as stated in the characterizing part of this claim, thereby obtaining that a milking machine can be easily adjusted to a rest. -15 kc any ratio of vacuum to atmospheric air / compressed air in the impulses supplied to the teat cups.

I denne beskrivelse med krav skal der ved udtrykket "luft" forstås enten atmosfærisk luft eller trykluft ved et tryk over atmosfæretrykket.In this description of claims, the term "air" means either atmospheric air or compressed air at a pressure above atmospheric pressure.

20 Opfindelsen forklares nærmere i det følgende under hen visning til tegningen, hvor fig. 1 viser et tværsnit af en masterpulsator ifølge opfindelsen langs linien II—II i fig. 2, fig. 2 er et planbillede af fig. 1, 25 fig. 3 viser et snit af en relæpulsator ifølge opfindelsen langs linien 111 -111 i fig. 7, 1 4 viser et snit langs linien IV-IV i fig. 2,BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing, in which: FIG. 1 shows a cross-section of a master pulsator according to the invention along the line II-II in FIG. 2, FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 shows a section of a relay pulse according to the invention along the line 111 -111 of FIG. 7, 14 show a section along line IV-IV of FIG. 2

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3 fig. 5 viser et snit langs linien V-V i fig. 2, fig. 6 viser et snit af en forholdsjusterende mekanisme ifølge opfindelsen langs linien VII-VII i fig. 7, fig. 7 er et planbillede af en relæpulsator ifølge op-5 findelsen, fig. 8 viser et snit af relæpulsatoren langs linien VIII-VIII i fig. 7, fig. 9 viser et snit af et første ventilelement langs linien IX—IX i fig. 10, 10 fig. 10 er et planbillede af et første ventilelement og fig. 11a, 11b og 11c er grafer over forskellige impuls-cykler, der kan opnås med pulsatoren ifølge opfindelsen.3 FIG. 5 shows a section along the line V-V in FIG. 2, FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a ratio adjusting mechanism according to the invention along line VII-VII of FIG. 7, FIG. 7 is a plan view of a relay pulse according to the invention; FIG. 8 is a sectional view of the relay pulse along line VIII-VIII of FIG. 7, FIG. 9 is a sectional view of a first valve member along line IX-IX of FIG. 10, 10 FIG. 10 is a plan view of a first valve member and FIG. 11a, 11b and 11c are graphs of various pulse cycles obtainable with the pulsator of the invention.

Taktkammeret 1 er cylindrisk og har en udvendig dyse 15 29, der danner forbindelse til vakuum/luftfaserne, som styres af en hastighedsjusterende nåleventil 19 og den forholdsjusterende nåleventil 21.The stroke chamber 1 is cylindrical and has an outer nozzle 15 29 which connects to the vacuum / air phases which are controlled by a speed adjusting needle valve 19 and the ratio adjusting needle valve 21.

Aggregatet omfattende taktkammeret 1, et legeme 2 og en underdel 3 er permanent forbundet med en forbindelse 20 4 til en permanent vakuumkilde og en ledning 5 til malke maskinens pattekopper.The assembly comprising the timing chamber 1, a body 2 and a lower part 3 is permanently connected to a connection 20 4 to a permanent vacuum source and a conduit 5 to milking the teat cups of the machine.

En membran 6 er anbragt i sektionen mellem kammeret 1 og legemet 2 og er tætnende forbundet med taktkammeret 1. Et rundtgående sæde 7 og et første ventilelement 25 8 er anbragt i kammeret mellem vakuumforbindelsen 4 og ledningen 5 til pattekopperne og er forskydeligt i et styr 9. Det første ventilelement 8 er indrettet 4A diaphragm 6 is disposed in the section between the chamber 1 and the body 2 and is sealingly connected to the timing chamber 1. A circumferential seat 7 and a first valve member 25 8 are disposed in the chamber between the vacuum connection 4 and the conduit 5 for the teat cups and are slidable in a guide 9. The first valve element 8 is arranged 4

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til kontakt med både membranen 6 og det centrale sæde 7.for contact with both the diaphragm 6 and the central seat 7.

Den nedre del af det første ventilelement 8 tjener endvidere til at samvirke med en ventilmembran 10, som ^ findes i pulsatorens underdel 3, der går i funktion i det øjeblik det første ventilelement 8 under atmosfærisk tryk på membranen 6 bevæges ned for at forhindre direkte passage af atmosfærisk luft til vakuumforbindelsen under pulsatorens faseveksling fra luft eller fra vakuum til pattekopperne. Ventilmembranen 10 samvirker også med et sæde 11 i underdelen 3 for at tillade fremføring af atmosfærisk luft til pattekopperne gennem ledningen 5.Further, the lower portion of the first valve member 8 serves to cooperate with a valve membrane 10, which is located in the lower part 3 of the pulsator, which operates at the moment the first valve member 8 is moved down to atmospheric pressure on the membrane 6 to prevent direct passage. of atmospheric air to the vacuum compound during the phase exchange of the pulsator from air or from vacuum to the teat cups. The valve diaphragm 10 also interacts with a seat 11 in the lower part 3 to allow the supply of atmospheric air to the teat cups through the conduit 5.

Underdelen 3 er cirkelformet og har fire huller 12, 1·* der er centralt beliggende til at tillade fremføring af atmosfærisk luft til pulsatoren. Ved 13 er der tilvejebragt mulighed for fastgørelse af et passende luft-filter. Alternativt kan lufttilgangshullerne 12 være lukket eller udeladt og erstattet af en passende for-A bindelse, der giver pulsatoren adgang til trykluft.The lower part 3 is circular and has four holes 12, 1 · centrally located to allow the supply of atmospheric air to the pulsator. At 13, the possibility of attaching a suitable air filter is provided. Alternatively, the air inlet holes 12 may be closed or omitted and replaced by a suitable connection A which gives the pulsator access to compressed air.

Omkring hullerne 12 findes en ring eller et sæde 11, og ved dette findes doseringshuller 14, hvorigennem atmosfærisk luft kan passere til pattekopperne via ledningen 5. Over sædet 11 findes en ventilmembran 10, o c LD som holdes på plads af en passende fastgjort holdeplade 15, der har en central åbning 16, der strækker sig lige uden for sædets 11 ydre periferi og giver adgang til det første ventilelements 8 ventilhoved. Ved åbningen 16 har holdepladen en cirkelformet udsparing 17. Formålet med denne udsparing 17 er, at ventilmembranen har et minimalt eller intet spillerum med sædet 11, således at tilgangen af atmosfærisk luft til pulsatoren under pulseringen kun kan finde sted ved luftfasen til kopperne, hvilket resulterer i en positiv og tæt pulsator underAround the holes 12 there is a ring or seat 11, and therein there are metering holes 14 through which atmospheric air can pass to the teat cups via the conduit 5. Above the seat 11 is a valve diaphragm 10 and LD held in place by a suitably secured holding plate 15. having a central opening 16 extending just beyond the outer periphery of the seat 11 and providing access to the valve head of the first valve element 8. At the aperture 16, the retaining plate has a circular recess 17. The purpose of this recess 17 is that the valve diaphragm has minimal or no clearance with the seat 11, so that the supply of atmospheric air to the pulsator during pulsation can take place only at the air phase of the cups. in a positive and dense pulsator below

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5 alle driftsforhold.5 all operating conditions.

Ved pulsatorens vakuumfase samvirker udsparingen 17 med det første ventilelements 8 fremspring 8b og udsparing 8c, så at der ved sædet 11 dannes et mellemrum, hvorved 5 atmosfærisk luft kan passere til pattekopperne.At the vacuum phase of the pulsator, the recess 17 interacts with the protrusions 8b of the first valve element 8 and recess 8c, so that a space is formed at the seat 11 whereby 5 atmospheric air can pass to the teat cups.

Det første ventilelement 8 har en særlig form. Styreskaftet 8a er rillet med henblik på at reducere friktionen og tillade fri passage af atmosfærisk luft via de rillede luftpassager 8d fra pattekopperne til permanent vakuum.The first valve member 8 has a special shape. The control shaft 8a is grooved to reduce friction and allow free passage of atmospheric air via the grooved air passages 8d from the teat cups to permanent vacuum.

10 Den nedre del, som arbejder i permanent kontakt med ventilmembranen 10, er trappeformet og har et cirkel-formet fremspring 8d og en cirkelformet udsparing 8c og virker på følgende måde: 1. Når der hersker atmosfærisk tryk over membranen 15 6 bevirker den resulterende, indledningsvise ned adgående bevægelse af det første ventilelement 8, at det lille fremspring 8b, der virker centralt på ventilmembranen 10, øjeblikkeligt spærrer for atmosfærisk luft ved sædet 11. Den videre nedadgående 20 bevægelse fortsætter, indtil den bremses af udspa ringen 8c, der virker mod sædet 11 og resulterer i nøjagtig åbning af sædet 7 til permanent vakuum.The lower part, which operates in permanent contact with the valve diaphragm 10, is stair-shaped and has a circular projection 8d and a circular recess 8c and acts as follows: 1. When atmospheric pressure prevails over the diaphragm 15 6, the resulting initial downward movement of the first valve element 8 that the small projection 8b acting centrally on the valve diaphragm 10 immediately blocks atmospheric air at the seat 11. The further downward movement 20 continues until it is slowed by the recess 8c which acts against the seat 11 and results in accurate opening of the seat 7 for permanent vacuum.

2. Når der hersker vakuum på membranen 6, tvinger den atmosfæriske luft, der kommer ind gennem hullerne 25 12 mod ventilmembranen 10, det første ventilelement 8 opad, hvorved permanent vakuum ved sædet 7 øjeblikkeligt afbrydes, og tvinger og forvrider samtidig ventilmembranen 10 omkring fremspringet 8b ind i udsparingen 8c og over i udsparingen 17 i holdepladen 30 15, hvilket medfører fuldt spillerum over sædet 11 og at atmosfæreluft eller trykluft kan passere 62. When there is a vacuum on the diaphragm 6, the atmospheric air entering through the holes 25 12 against the valve diaphragm 10 forces the first valve member 8 upwards, thereby permanently interrupting permanent vacuum at the seat 7 and simultaneously forcing and distorting the diaphragm 10 around the projection. 8b into the recess 8c and into the recess 17 in the holding plate 30 15, which results in full clearance over the seat 11 and that atmospheric or compressed air can pass 6

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til pattekopperne via doseringshullerne 14 og ledningen 5 til pattekopperne.to the teat cups via the dosing holes 14 and the wire 5 to the teat cups.

Grafen i fig. 11a viser en standard impulskurve, hvor kurven 50a viser vakuumfasen og kurven 51a trykfasen.The graph of FIG. 11a shows a standard impulse curve where curve 50a shows the vacuum phase and curve 51a the pressure phase.

5 Som vist i fig. 5 er et hus 18 udvendigt og lodret fast gjort til legemet 2 og har fortrinsvis en hastighedsjusterende nåleventil 19 med sæde 20 og en forholdsjusterende nåleventil 21 med sæde 22.5 As shown in FIG. 5, a housing 18 is externally and vertically fixed to the body 2 and preferably has a speed adjusting needle valve 19 with seat 20 and a ratio adjusting needle valve 21 with seat 22.

Den hastighedsjusterende nåleventil 19 er via en led-10 ning 23, en kanal 24 og en ledning 25 forbundet med pulsatorens vakuum/luftfaser og derfra via nåleventilen 19, det fælles kammer 26, dysen 27, og et bøjeligt rør 28 med dysen 29 der er direkte forbundet med taktkammeret 1.The speed adjusting needle valve 19 is connected via a conduit 23, a duct 24 and a conduit 25 to the vacuum / air phases of the pulsator and thence via the needle valve 19, the common chamber 26, the nozzle 27, and a flexible tube 28 with the nozzle 29 which is directly connected to the timing chamber 1.

15 Den hastighedsjusterende nåleventil tjener til at styre den hasti gh ed, hvormed luft passerer til og fra takt-kammeret. Jo større åbningen er, desto hurtigere er pulseringshastigheden. Jo mindre åbningen er, desto langsommere er pulseringshastigheden.15 The speed adjusting needle valve serves to control the speed with which air passes to and from the beat chamber. The larger the opening, the faster the pulse rate. The smaller the opening, the slower the pulse rate.

20 Den forholdsjusterende nåleventil 21 (fig. 5) er via et kammer 30, en rørledning 31, det fælles kammer 26 og derfra via dyserne 27 og 29 forbundet med taktkammeret 1. Den har også forbindelse til permanent vakuum ved rørledningen 34 via rørledningen 32 og kanalen 33 25 eller til atmosfæren via porten 35, idet enten rørled ningen 34 eller porten 35 alternativt kan være lukket af den aftagelige prop 36 ifølge det særlige forhold som ønskes. Hvis en lang vakuumfase er nødvendig, fjernes proppen 36, der hindrer tilgang af atmosfæreluft gennem 30 porten 35, og indsættes i kanalen 34, der via den forholdsjusterende nåleventil 21 forbinder permanent va-The ratio adjusting needle valve 21 (Fig. 5) is connected to the timing chamber 1. Via a chamber 30, a pipeline 31, the common chamber 26 and thence through the nozzles 27 and 29, it also connects to permanent vacuum at the pipeline 34 via the pipeline 32 channel 33 25 or to the atmosphere via port 35, either pipeline 34 or port 35 being alternatively closed by removable plug 36 according to the particular relationship desired. If a long vacuum phase is required, the stopper 36, which prevents the entry of atmospheric air through the port 35, is removed and inserted into the duct 34 which, via the ratio adjusting needle valve 21, permanently connects

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7 kuum med taktkammeret 1. Herved forlænges vakuumcyklen, medens forbindelse til permanent vakuum forlænger pul-satorens trykcyklus.7 vacuum with the timing chamber 1. This extends the vacuum cycle while connection to permanent vacuum extends the pulse pressure cycle.

Den forholdsjusterende nåleventil åbnes nu for at give 5 adgang af tilstrækkelig atmosfæreluft til taktkammeret 1 til opnåelse af den ønskede lange vakuumfase til pattekopperne .The ratio adjusting needle valve is now opened to provide sufficient atmospheric air access to the timing chamber 1 to obtain the desired long vacuum phase for the teat cups.

Fig. 11c viser den lange vakuumfase 50c i modsætning til trykfasen 51c.FIG. 11c shows the long vacuum phase 50c as opposed to the pressure phase 51c.

10 Dette fremkaldes ved den ekstra tid, som det ved vakuum udluftningen via den hastighedsjusterende nåleventil 19, dyserne 27 og 29 til taktkammeret 1 tager at fjerne tilstrækkelig luft, således at det nødvendige vakuum kan herske i taktkammeret, hvorved den efterfølgende 15 luftfase til pattekopperne lettes.This is induced by the extra time taken by the vacuum venting via the speed adjusting needle valve 19, the nozzles 27 and 29 of the timing chamber 1 to remove sufficient air so that the necessary vacuum can prevail in the timing chamber, thereby relieving the subsequent air phase of the teat cups. .

Til forkortelse af vakuumfasen til pattekopperne lukkes der for atmosfæreluft ved omskiftning af proppen 36.To shorten the vacuum phase of the teat cups, atmospheric air is closed by changing the plug 36.

Den åbne rørledning 34 giver nu en større vakuumudluftning via kanalen 33, rørledningen 32, den forholdsju-20 sterende nåleventil 21, kammeret 30, rørledningen 31, det fælles kammer 26, dyserne 27 og 29 til taktkammeret 1. Dette i forbindelse med vakuet gennem den hastigheds-justerende nåleventil 19 til taktkammeret 1 bevirker, at der hurtigt opstår vakuum i taktkammeret med deraf 25 følgende længere luftfase til pattekopperne.The open pipeline 34 now provides greater vacuum venting through the channel 33, the pipeline 32, the relative adjusting needle valve 21, the chamber 30, the pipeline 31, the common chamber 26, the nozzles 27 and 29 to the timing chamber 1. This in connection with the vacuum through the speed adjusting needle valve 19 to the timing chamber 1 causes a rapid rise of vacuum in the timing chamber, with the resultant longer air phase to the teat cups.

Fig. 11b viser den korte vakuumfase 50b og den lange vakuumfase 51b.FIG. 11b shows the short vacuum phase 50b and the long vacuum phase 51b.

Når proppen 36 er indskudt i porten 35 og den forholds-justerende nåleventil 21 er lukket, er pulsatoren ind-30 stillet til standardforhold.When the plug 36 is inserted into the port 35 and the ratio adjusting needle valve 21 is closed, the pulsator 30 is set to standard conditions.

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8 Når den beskrevne pulsator også eller uafhængigt skal fungere som masterpulsator til overføring af et specifikt pulseringsforhold, er det følgende, i fig. 6 viste ventilorgan til justering af overføringsforholdet pas-5 sende fastgjort på legemet 2.8 When the described pulsator also has to function independently or independently as a master pulsator for transmitting a specific pulsation ratio, the following is shown in FIG. 6 to adjust the transfer ratio suitably attached to the body 2.

Ventilhuset 37 er fortrinsvis aflangt og er udformet med to hovedluftpassager 38 og 39. I passagen 38 findes fortrinsvis en kugleventil 40 med sæde 41. Kuglens opadgående bevægelse begrænses og reguleres af en justerbar, 10 konusformet holdeskrue 42.The valve body 37 is preferably elongated and is formed with two main air passages 38 and 39. In the passage 38, there is preferably a ball valve 40 with a seat 41. The upward movement of the ball is limited and controlled by an adjustable, tapered holding screw 42.

Passagen 39 indbefatter og er styret fortrinsvis af en nåleventil 43 og dens sæde 44. Begge passager er indbyrdes forbundet via kanaler 45 og 46 til vakuum-og atmosfæreluftfaserne til den tilknyttede pulsators 15 pattekopper gennem forbindelsen 47 og til forbindelses- dysen 48, der har forbindelse med aktiveringskammeret ti-1 den næste og drevne pulsator.The passage 39 includes and is preferably controlled by a needle valve 43 and its seat 44. Both passages are interconnected via passageways 45 and 46 to the vacuum and atmospheric air phases of the teat cups of the associated pulsator 15 through the connector 47 and to the connector nozzle 48 having connection. with the activation chamber ti-1 the next and powered pulsator.

Ventilens funktion, når den anvendes som master eller som et fast element i en relæpulsatorventil, er at kor-20 rigere forholdet mellem vakuum og atmosfæreluft til det forhold, der er påkrævet for relæ- eller slavepul-- satorerne.The function of the valve, when used as a master or as a fixed element in a relay pulse valve, is to correct the ratio of vacuum to atmospheric air to the ratio required for the relay or slave pulsators.

Når ventilen anvendes som relæpulsator styret af en masterpulsator, kan den endvidere anvendes fortrinsvis 25 som en drivenhed til overføring af en korrigeret impuls .til den næste pulsator eller som en dreven enhed, der korrigerer og påvirker den modtagne impuls. Ved sidstnævnte anvendelse har ventilen ingen forbindelse med vakuum- og atmosfæreluftfaserne for den pulsator, som 30 den er tilknyttet. Disse modtages fra en passende for bindelse på den foregående relæpulsator og er forbundet direkte med en ydre dyse på ventilhuset 37 med adgangFurther, when the valve is used as a relay pulse controlled by a master pulse, it can preferably be used as a drive for transmitting a corrected pulse to the next pulse or as a driven unit which corrects and affects the received pulse. In the latter application, the valve has no connection with the vacuum and atmospheric air phases of the pulsator to which it is connected. These are received from a suitable for connection on the previous relay pulse and are connected directly to an outer nozzle of the valve housing 37 with access

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9 til passagen 38. Impulsen, der korrigeres af ventilen, ledes via dysen 48 til den tilknyttede pulsators aktiveringskammer .9 to passage 38. The pulse corrected by the valve is passed through the nozzle 48 to the actuating chamber of the associated pulsator.

I det følgende beskrives en relæpulsatorventil under 5 henvisning til fig. 3, 4, 6, 7 og 8.In the following, a relay pulse valve is described with reference to FIG. 3, 4, 6, 7 and 8.

Relæventilen har samme konstruktion som den automatiske ventil, med undtagelse af at hastigheds- og forholds-ventilen er udeladt, at taktkammeret 1 er erstattet af en pulsatorhætte 30, som fortrinsvis har en dysefor-10 bindelse 49, der giver adgang til aktiveringskammeret 51, og at relæ- og forholdsjusteringsventilen 37a er tilføjet som en kombineret enhed.The relay valve has the same construction as the automatic valve, except that the speed and ratio valve is omitted, that the timing chamber 1 is replaced by a pulsator cap 30, which preferably has a nozzle connection 49 which provides access to the activation chamber 51, and that the relay and ratio adjustment valve 37a is added as a combined unit.

Man vil forstå, at ventilen 37a kan monteres på en hvilken som helst pulsator af samme generelle type.It will be appreciated that valve 37a can be mounted on any pulsator of the same general type.

15 Som det fremgår af fig. 3 og 4, strømmer luft, når ven tilen er tilsluttet atmosfæreluften via forbindelsen 47, gennem passagen 38 og via den af luften løftede kugleventil 40, den fælles kanal 46 og via kanalen 43, nåleventilen 43, passagen 39, kammeret 46, gennem dysen 20 48 til dysen 49 og gennem pulsatorhætten 50 til den drevne pulsators aktiveringskammer 51, hvorved man opnår fri og hurtig virkning af membranen 6. Den således fremførte luftstrøm eller impuls resulterer i en øjeblikkelig vakuumimpuls til den drevne pulsators pattekop-25 per.15 As can be seen from FIG. 3 and 4, air flows when the friend is connected to the atmospheric air via the connection 47, through the passage 38 and via the air-lifted ball valve 40, the common channel 46 and via the channel 43, the needle valve 43, the passage 39, the chamber 46, through the nozzle 20 48 to the nozzle 49 and through the pulsator cap 50 to the actuated chamber 51 of the driven pulsator, thereby obtaining free and rapid action of the membrane 6. The air flow or impulse thus produced results in an immediate vacuum impulse to the teat cups of the driven pulsator.

Omvendt, når ventilen er tilsluttet vakuum, suges luften ud, og derved lukkes øjeblikkeligt kugleventilen, således at al luften tvinges til at strømme via passagen 39, justeringsventilen 43, kanalen 45 og passagen 38 30 til forbindelsen 47 til vakuum. Det vakuum, som nu frem bringes i den drevne pulsators aktiveringskammer, bevir-Conversely, when the valve is connected to a vacuum, the air is sucked out, thereby immediately closing the ball valve so that all the air is forced to flow through the passage 39, the adjustment valve 43, the channel 45 and the passage 38 30 to the connection 47 to the vacuum. The vacuum which is now produced in the actuating chamber of the driven pulse causes

DK 156023 BDK 156023 B

10 ker, at luft drives til de tilsluttede pattekopper.10 cores that air is driven to the connected teat cups.

Til forlængelse af vakuumpattekopfasen standses udsugningen af luft ved, at nåleventilen 43 lukkes, hvorved luftfasen til aktiveringskammeret forlænges til det 5 ønskede forhold.To prolong the vacuum cup head phase, the suction of air is stopped by closing the needle valve 43, thereby extending the air phase to the actuation chamber to the desired ratio.

Til afkortning af vakuumpattekopfasen åbnes nåleventilen, hvorved udsugning af luft fra aktiveringskammeret accelereres .To shorten the vacuum pump cup phase, the needle valve is opened, thereby accelerating the extraction of air from the activation chamber.

I det følgende beskrives en slavepulsator, som har samme 10 konstruktion som relæpulsatoren, med undtagelse af at nåleventilen til justering af overføringsforholdet er udeladt.The following describes a slave pulse having the same construction as the relay pulse, except that the needle valve for adjusting the transfer ratio is omitted.

Ved tendensen mod hurtigere pulseringshastigheder kombineret med stigende forhold mellem vakuum og atmosfære-15 luft for at fremme hurtigere malkning af et stort antal køer er tidsfaktoren ved pulseringen til indføring af· atmosfæreluft, som sætter pattekopperne under tryk, blevet stadig kortere, hvilket har en negativ virkning på køernes velvære.With the trend toward faster pulsation rates combined with increasing vacuum-atmosphere ratios to promote faster milking of a large number of cows, the time factor of the pulsation for introducing atmospheric air which pressurizes the teat cups has become shorter, which has a negative effect. effect on the well-being of cows.

20 Anvendelse af trykluft til pulsatorerne kræver, skønt trykcyklen i så fald ville blive accelereret og forøget, en pulsator, hvor pulseringsforholdet kan justeres til både det anvendte lufttryk og den påkrævede pulseringshastighed, idet de opnåede fordele ellers i stort omfang 25 ville blive ophævet af en trykinduceret forholdsulige vægt .The use of compressed air for the pulsators requires that, although the pressure cycle would then be accelerated and increased, a pulsator where the pulsation ratio can be adjusted to both the air pressure used and the required pulsation speed, the benefits obtained would otherwise be largely abolished by a pressure-induced proportional weight.

Claims

A vacuum pulsator for milking machines, arranged to alternately supply vacuum pulses and air pulses and comprising a body (2) with a means (4) for connecting a first zone (4a) in the body with a permanent vacuum source and a diaphragm valve (6, 8) comprising a first valve element (8) adapted to cooperate with a first valve opening (11) adapted to connect a second zone (5a) in the body with an air source, the body (2) furthermore has a second valve opening (7) adapted to be opened or closed to establish or obstruct connection between the first (4a) and the second (5a) zone, and a first deformable membrane (6) with a first (6a) 15 and a second (6b) opposing surface, the second surface (6b) being alternately exposed to vacuum and air during use, while the first surface (6a) is arranged to expose to the first zone (4a) of the body (2) , which first deformable membrane (6) is further adapted to k cooperate with the first valve element (8) in such a way that it is movable during at least a major part of an operating cycle such that the first valve opening (11) is closed by closing the second valve opening (7) open, thereby supplying air to the second zone (5a) and the first valve opening (11) upon opening the second valve opening (7) is closed, thereby exposing the second zone (5a) to the vacuum, characterized in that the first deformable the movement of the diaphragm (6) and the first valve element (8) is controlled 30 by an adjustable ratio regulating valve (18, 21, 22) having adjustable elements (21, 22) for varying the degree of limited connection between air or vacuum and the the second surface (6b) of the first deformable membrane (6) for controlling the ratio of vacuum to air on time basis in the pulses occurring in the second zone (5a).

Vacuum pulse according to claim 1, characterized in that the adjustable ratio regulating valve (18, 21, 22) is arranged to be able to establish a limited connection between the first zone (4a) and the second surface (6b) of the first deformable membrane (6). ).

Vacuum pulsator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first valve element (8) has a movable valve body disposed between and arranged to be able to cooperate with a second deformable membrane (10) and the first deformable diaphragm (6), and that the first valve member (8) has a first sealing surface adapted for abutment against a valve seat surrounding a second valve opening (7) for closing the second valve opening (7).

Vacuum pulsator according to claim 3, characterized in that the valve element (8) has a projection (8b) adapted to engage and press the second deformable membrane (10) against a valve seat surrounding the first valve opening (11) before the abutment against a second portion (8c) of the valve member (8) pressing against the second deformable membrane (10) on the valve seat surrounding the first valve opening (11).

Vacuum pulsator according to claim 4, characterized in that at the abutment between the valve element (8) and the valve seat surrounding the second valve opening (7) is a clearance zone (17) formed above a distance from the second diaphragm (17). 30 (10) and into which the second diaphragm (10) can be deformed under the action of vacuum in the second zone (5a) to open the first valve opening (11), whereby DK 156023 B can flow into the second zone (5a).

Vacuum pulse according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that the adjustable ratio regulating valve (18, 21, 22) has a first passage (32, 33, 34) extending from the first zone (4a), and a second passage (35) exiting from the air source, and there are locking means (33) for selectively closing the first or second passage, and these passages leading to a common passage (22, 30, 31, 26, 27, 28, 10 29), which are connected to the second surface (6b) of the first deformable membrane (6).

Vacuum pulse according to claim 6, characterized in that an adjustable flow limiting means (21, 22) is provided in the common passage.