DK153750B - STABILIZATION ELEMENT - Google Patents
STABILIZATION ELEMENT Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DK153750B DK153750B DK431581A DK431581A DK153750B DK 153750 B DK153750 B DK 153750B DK 431581 A DK431581 A DK 431581A DK 431581 A DK431581 A DK 431581A DK 153750 B DK153750 B DK 153750B
- Authority
- DK
- Denmark
- Prior art keywords
- stabilizing element
- buoyancy
- stabilizing
- platform
- element according
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B43/00—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for
- B63B43/02—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking
- B63B43/10—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking by improving buoyancy
- B63B43/14—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking by improving buoyancy using outboard floating members
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
- B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
- B63B1/107—Semi-submersibles; Small waterline area multiple hull vessels and the like, e.g. SWATH
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
- B63B35/4413—Floating drilling platforms, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Furan Compounds (AREA)
- Luminescent Compositions (AREA)
- Oscillators With Electromechanical Resonators (AREA)
Description
DK 153750 BDK 153750 B
iin
Opfindelsen angår et stabiliseringselement for en delvis nedsænkelig platformskonstruktion med vandrette opdriftslegemer og med fra disse opadragende søjler, som bærer konstruktionens dæk, hvilket stabiliseringselement 5 er langstrakt og fastgjort i oprejst stilling til et af konstruktionens opdriftslegemer med afstand til søjlerne.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a stabilizing element for a partially submerged platform structure having horizontal buoyancy bodies and from these upright columns supporting the deck of the structure, said stabilizing element 5 being elongated and fixed in an upright position to one of the buoyancy bodies spaced from the columns.
Sådanne platformskonstruktioner benyttes ved boringer efter naturforekomster i pelagiske områder. Platformene er typisk forsynet med diverse faste udrustninger, 10 såsom boretårn, boremaskineri, ankerspil, bekvemmeligheder for mandskabet etc. Den resterende del~af platformens lastekapacitet benyttes til variabel udrustning, såsom borerør, foringsrør, boreslam, cement, brændstof etc.Such platform structures are used in drilling for natural occurrences in pelagic areas. The platforms are typically provided with various fixed equipments, such as drilling towers, drilling machinery, anchorage, crew comforts etc. The remaining part of the platform's load capacity is used for variable equipment such as drill pipe, casing, drilling mud, cement, fuel etc.
Det har imidlertid ofte vist sig, at platformen 15 forsynes med mere fast udstyr end oprindeligt forudsat, og desuden bliver dette ekstra udstyr som regel placeret i dæksniveau. Dette fører ikke alene til en reduktion af platformens variable nyttelast, men giver også reduceret stabilitet. Det er derfor ikke ualmindeligt at modificere 20 allerede eksisterende platforme af denne art til forøgelse af deres stabilitet. Dette gøres ved en forøgelse af vandlinietværsnittets inertimoment, hvilket i praksis sædvanligt sker ved, at man forsyner i det mindste nogle af platformens søjler med udbygninger i form af lukkede 25 tanke eller lignende elementer i vandlinieområdet. Sådanne udbygninger på søjlerne kræver imidlertid relativ lang installationstid, og kræver at platformen må tages ud af drift i en tilsvarende lang periode med deraf følgende omkostninger. Det har desuden vist sig, at sådanne udbyg-30 ninger på søjlerne kræver relativt meget stål i forhold til det areal, tilskuddet giver.However, it has often been found that platform 15 is provided with more solid equipment than originally provided for, and in addition, this additional equipment is usually placed at tire level. This not only leads to a reduction in the platform's variable payload, but also provides reduced stability. It is therefore not uncommon to modify 20 existing platforms of this kind to increase their stability. This is done by increasing the moment of inertia of the waterline cross section, which in practice is usually done by providing at least some of the platform's columns with extensions in the form of closed tanks or similar elements in the waterline area. However, such developments on the pillars require relatively long installation time and require the platform to be taken out of operation for a correspondingly long period of time with consequent costs. In addition, it has been found that such extensions on the columns require relatively much steel relative to the area provided by the supplement.
Der kendes også stabiliseringselementer i form af bøjelignende hullegemer, som er fastgjort i vandlinieområdet ved hjælp af stag, som går imellem platformens dæk 35 og opdriftslegemer eller pontoner. Sådanne bøjer kan ydermere være til at svinge ud til opnåelse af maksimal virkning under brug uden at være i vejen ved bugsering. Det 2Stabilizing elements are also known in the form of bend-like hollow bodies, which are fixed in the waterline area by means of stays which pass between the deck 35 of the platform and buoyancy bodies or pontoons. Furthermore, such buoys can swing out to achieve maximum impact during use without being obstructed by towing. It 2
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er desuden kendt at anbringe sådanne bøjelignende stabiliseringselementer udragende fra de forreste hjørner af platformskonstruktionen, idet elementerne fastgøres ved hjælp af stag, som går på skrå til de forreste søjlers 5 øverste og nederste ender. Sådanne stabiliseringselementer er imidlertid meget stærkt udsatte for skader ved kollision med forsyningsskib eller lignende, og ved mere uheldige stødvinkler kan der desuden anrettes skader på søjlerne ved dragernes fastgørelsespunkter. Det vides, at 10 det har været nødvendigt at fjerne sådanne stabiliseringselementer .is additionally known to place such bend-like stabilizing members protruding from the front corners of the platform structure, the members being secured by means of bars which are inclined to the upper and lower ends of the front pillars 5. However, such stabilizing elements are very strongly susceptible to damage in the event of a collision with a supply ship or the like, and in case of more unfortunate angles of damage, the columns may also be damaged at the points of attachment of the towers. It is known that it has been necessary to remove such stabilizing elements.
Det er hensigten med opfindelsen at tilvejebringe et stabiliseringselement af den i indledningen omtalte art, som ikke har ovennævnte mangler og ulemper. Det er 15 endvidere hensigten med opfindelsen at tilvejebringe et stabiliseringselement, som har en stødabsorberende virkning uden at anrette skader på platformen, og som desuden kan give reserveopdrift i tilfælde af, at en del af platformens normale opdrift skulle gå tabt.It is an object of the invention to provide a stabilizing element of the kind mentioned in the introduction which does not have the above disadvantages and disadvantages. It is further the object of the invention to provide a stabilizing element which has a shock-absorbing effect without causing damage to the platform, and which can further provide reserve buoyancy in the event that part of the normal buoyancy of the platform is lost.
20 Dette opnås ifølge opfindelsen ved, at stabilise ringselementet er ført med stort set vandlinietværsnit hovedsagelig helt op i højde med konstruktionens dæk, og at der mellem den nederste ende af stabiliseringselementet og det tilhørende opdriftslegeme er anbragt en for-25 bindelse med et parti, som har mindre mekanisk styrke end forbindelsens fastgørelser til opdriftslegemet.This is achieved according to the invention in that the stabilizing element is guided with a substantially waterline cross section, substantially up to the construction's tire, and that a connection is provided between the lower end of the stabilizing element and the associated buoyant body. have less mechanical strength than the attachments of the buoyancy to the buoyancy body.
Ved at stabiliseringselementet har relativt stort tværsnit helt op i højde med konstruktionens dæk vil det give en betydelig ekstra opdrift i tilfælde af stærk 30 krængning af dækket og således bidrage til at forhindre, at konstruktionen går rundt ved skade på dens normale opdriftslegemer. Det store tværsnit giver også lige netop så stor stivhed i stabiliseringselementet, at det kan modstå relativt store stødkræfter uden at bryde sammen.The relatively large cross-section of the stabilizing element at the height of the tire of the structure will provide a considerable additional buoyancy in the event of a strong tipping of the tire and thus help prevent the structure from going around in the event of damage to its normal buoyancy bodies. The large cross section also provides just as much rigidity in the stabilizing element that it can withstand relatively large impact forces without collapsing.
35 Kollisionskræfter over en vis grænse vil imidlertid føre til deformation og eventuelt til udbøjning af stabiliseringselementet, men da dette er anbragt med afstand til platformens søjler, vil en sådan deformation ikke skadeHowever, collision forces over a certain limit will lead to deformation and possibly to deflection of the stabilizing element, but since this is spaced apart from the platform columns, such deformation will not damage
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3 søjlerne. Det svagere parti ved stabiliseringselementets nederste ende sikrer, at dette kan rives løs fra opdriftslegemet eller pontonen uden at beskadige denne ved særlige kraftige kollisioner.3 pillars. The weaker portion at the lower end of the stabilizing element ensures that it can be detached from the buoyant body or pontoon without damaging it in the event of particularly severe collisions.
5 I en foretrukken udførelsesform ifølge opfindelsen har stabiliseringselementet forneden en nedad tilspidsende del, som ender nær ved partiet med den mindre mekaniske styrke. Dette gør det lettere at fremstille et parti med evne til at overføre kræfter i tre ortogonale retnin-10 ger, men ikke nævneværdige store momenter. Endvidere vil den tilspidsende del af stabiliseringselementet give mindre opdrift og således reducere behovet for en kompenserende ballast.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the stabilizing element below has a downwardly tapered portion which terminates near the portion of the less mechanical strength. This makes it easier to produce a batch capable of transferring forces in three orthogonal directions, but not appreciable large moments. Furthermore, the tapered portion of the stabilizing element will provide less buoyancy and thus reduce the need for a compensating ballast.
Stabiliseringselementet kan foroven med fordel være 15 forbundet med platformskonstruktionens dæk ved hjælp af et forbindelsesled, som er indrettet til kun at overføre hovedsagelig vandrette kræfter. Dermed vil elementets øverste ende kunne foretage en vis drejning og således give bedre fjedrende virkning ved eventuelle kollisioner.The stabilizer element can advantageously be connected to the deck of the platform structure at the top by means of a connecting link arranged to transmit only substantially horizontal forces. Thus, the upper end of the element will be able to make some turning and thus give better springing effect in the event of collisions.
20 Ved at forbindelsesleddet er stort set pladeformet, opnår man en relativt enkel, økonomisk og hurtigt udførlig forbindelse mellem platformskonstruktionen og stabiliseringselementets øverste ende.20 By the fact that the connecting link is largely plate-shaped, a relatively simple, economical and rapidly elaborate connection is obtained between the platform structure and the upper end of the stabilizing element.
I en foretrukken udførelsesform ifølge opfindelsen 25 har forbindelsen mellem opdriftslegemet og stabiliseringselementets nederste ende en sokkel, som er indrettet til fastsvejsning til både vandrette og lodrette dele på opdriftslegemet. Herved opnås der relativt stor sikkerhed mod udmattelse og lagdelt oprivning af opdriftslegemets 30 plademateriale efter længere tids brug, og samtidigt vil man være mere rolig for, at stabiliseringselementet brydes, hvor det skal, ved en eventuel kraftig kollision uden at påføre opdriftslegemet skader.In a preferred embodiment of the invention 25, the connection between the buoyancy body and the lower end of the stabilizing element has a socket which is adapted for welding to both horizontal and vertical parts of the buoyancy body. This provides relatively high security against fatigue and layered tearing of the buoyant's sheet material after prolonged use, and at the same time you will be more at ease of breaking the stabilizing element where it should, in the event of a strong collision without causing buoyancy.
Ved anbringelsen af stabiliseringselementet agten 35 for den agterste af de opadragende søjler på de tilhørende opdriftslegemer vil man i mange tilfælde opnå, at platformskonstruktionen får maksimal langskibsstabilitet. Videre vil stabiliseringselementets reserveopdrift komme 4By applying the stabilizing element to the rear 35 of the stern of the upright columns on the associated buoyancy bodies, in many cases, the platform construction will achieve maximum long-ship stability. Furthermore, the stabilizer element's reserve buoyancy will come 4
DK 153750 BDK 153750 B
mest muligt til sin ret, fordi opdriftslegemernes agterpartier normalt indeholder maskin- og pumperum, som nødvendigvis er store og luftfyldte, og som, hvis de fyldes med vand, ville kunne føre til en faretruende reduktion 5 af platformens opdrift og stabilitet.as far as possible, because the rear parts of the buoyancy bodies usually contain machine and pump compartments, which are necessarily large and air-filled and which, if filled with water, could lead to a dangerous reduction of the buoyancy and stability of the platform.
Opfindelsen forklares nærmere med henvisning til et udførelseseksempel, som er vist på tegningen.The invention will be further explained with reference to an exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing.
Fig. 1 viser et sidebillede af en del af en delvis nedsænkelig platformskonstruktion med et stabiliserings-10 element ifølge opfindelsen, fig. 2 en del af platformskonstruktionen i fig. 1 set oppefra, og fig. 3 et partielt snit i en forbindelse mellem det nederste endeparti af stabiliseringselementet ifølge op-15 findelsen og platformskonstruktionen, i perspektivisk afbildning og i større målestok.FIG. 1 is a side view of a portion of a partially submerged platform structure with a stabilizing element according to the invention; FIG. 2 shows part of the platform structure of FIG. 1 is a top view, and FIG. 3 is a partial sectional view of a connection between the lower end portion of the stabilizing element according to the invention and the platform structure, in perspective view and on a larger scale.
Platformskonstruktionen på tegningen har to langsgående, parallelle opdriftslegemer i form af pontoner 1, hvoraf kun én er vist i fig. 2. Søjler 2, 3 rager op 20 fra pontonen 1 og bærer platformens dæk 4. Kun den agterste del af platformen er vist i figurerne.The platform structure of the drawing has two longitudinal, parallel buoyancy bodies in the form of pontoons 1, only one of which is shown in FIG. 2. Columns 2, 3 protrude 20 from the pontoon 1 and carry the deck of the platform 4. Only the rear of the platform is shown in the figures.
En kileformet del 5 af pontonen 1 ligger agten for søjlen 2 og indeholder platformens maskinrum. Et stabiliseringselement ifølge opfindelsen rager op fra 25 maskinrummets overside og er generelt betegnet med 6.A wedge-shaped part 5 of the pontoon 1 is at the rear of the column 2 and contains the platform's engine room. A stabilizing element according to the invention protrudes from the upper side of the engine compartment and is generally designated by 6.
Stabiliseringselementet har en cylindrisk del 7, som udgør 4/5 af dets længde og strækker sig op i højde med platformens dæk 4 og er her fastgjort til dækket ved hjælp af et pladeformet, vandret anbragt forbindelsesled 30 8. Den nederste femtedel af stabiliseringselementet be står af et konisk tilspidsende parti 9, som forneden er fastsvejst til en basis eller en sokkel 10, som igen er fastsvejst til maskinrummet.The stabilizer has a cylindrical portion 7, which is 4/5 of its length and extends up to the tire of the platform 4 and is attached to the tire by means of a plate-shaped, horizontally arranged connecting link 30 8. The lower fifth of the stabilizer of a tapered tapered portion 9, which is welded to a base or base 10, which in turn is welded to the engine room.
De nærmere detaljer ved udformningen af soklen 10 35 og forbindelsen mellem denne og den koniske del 9 af elementet 6 fremgår bedst af fig. 3. Det ses, at soklen har ribber 11, 12, som er fastsvejst både til vandrette og lodrette dele af maskinrummet 5, hvilket giverThe details of the configuration of the base 10 35 and the connection between the latter and the conical part 9 of the element 6 are best seen in FIG. 3. It is seen that the base has ribs 11, 12 which are welded to both horizontal and vertical parts of the engine compartment 5, giving
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5 en stærk og stabil forankring for soklen.5 a strong and stable anchorage for the base.
Den nederste ende af den koniske del på stabiliseringselementet har betydelig mindre diameter end elementets cylindriske del 7. En forbindelse 13 mellem den-5 ne ende og soklen 10 vil således ikke have særlig evne til at modstå bøjningspåvirkninger i forhold til den øvrige del af elementet, men er primært konstrueret til overførsel af kræfter i de tre ortogonale akseretninger.Thus, the lower end of the tapered portion of the stabilizing member has a substantially smaller diameter than the cylindrical portion of the member 7. A connection 13 between this end and the socket 10 will thus not be particularly capable of withstanding bending stresses relative to the other portion of the member. but is primarily designed for the transfer of forces in the three orthogonal axes.
Derfor kan opdriftskræfter og begrænsede kollisionskræf-10 ter, som måtte virke på elementet 6, overføres til soklen 10. Skulle elementet imidlertid udsættes for kollisionskræfter over en forudbestemt størrelse, vil forbindelsen 13 brydes, uden at soklen 10's fastgørelse til maskinrummet 5 beskadiges.Therefore, buoyancy forces and limited collision forces 10 acting on the element 6 can be transferred to the base 10. However, if the element is subjected to a collision force above a predetermined size, the connection 13 will be broken without damaging the base 10 of the base to the engine room 5.
15 Det pladeformede forbindelses- eller båndled 8 ved elementet 6's øverste ende har ikke særlig evne til at overføre lodrette kræfter og heller ikke momenter om vandrette akser. Styrken i det vandrette plan er imidlertid stor, og forbindelsesleddet vil derfor effektivt 20 holde den øverste ende af elementet 6 fri af søjlen 2 ved en eventuel kollision med elementet, medens en fjedrende drejning af enden tillades. I og med at stabiliseringselementet 6 er anbragt i en vis afstand fra søjlen 2, kan elementet udsættes for en udbøjning på mid-25 ten uden at komme i skadevoldende kontakt med søjlen.15 The plate-shaped connecting or banding link 8 at the upper end of the element 6 has no special ability to transmit vertical forces, nor do horizontal axes. However, the strength of the horizontal plane is large, and the connecting link will therefore effectively keep the upper end of the element 6 clear of the column 2 in the event of a collision with the element, while allowing a resilient rotation of the end. Since the stabilizing element 6 is located at a certain distance from the column 2, the element can be exposed to a deflection in the middle 25 without coming into contact with the column.
Stabiliseringselementet er forøvrigt forsynet med tilhørende puffere 14 på den nederste del af det cylindriske parti, dvs. i det normale vandlinieområde, for at hindre skader ved lettere kollisioner.The stabilizing element is furthermore provided with associated buffers 14 on the lower part of the cylindrical portion, ie. in the normal waterline area, to prevent damage in light of collisions.
30 Det kan ses, at stabiliseringselementet ifølge op findelsen, inklusive forbindelsesleddet 8 og soklen 10, kan præfabrikeres. Derved kan monteringen udføres relativt hurtigt med tilsvarende reduktion i platformens dødtid. Det kan også ses, at stabiliseringselementets form 35 kan varieres inden for patentkravenes rammer. Navnligvil faconen af stabiliseringselementets øverste del være et resultat af en vægtning mellem den ønskede reserveopdrift og den tilladelige stålvægt.It can be seen that the stabilizing element according to the invention, including the connecting link 8 and the socket 10, can be prefabricated. Thereby the assembly can be performed relatively quickly with a corresponding reduction in platform dead time. It can also be seen that the shape 35 of the stabilizing element can be varied within the scope of the claims. In particular, the shape of the upper part of the stabilizer element results from a weighting between the desired reserve buoyancy and the permissible steel weight.
Claims (6)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO802912 | 1980-10-01 | ||
| NO802912A NO147176C (en) | 1980-10-01 | 1980-10-01 | STABILIZATION ELEMENT. |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DK431581A DK431581A (en) | 1982-04-02 |
| DK153750B true DK153750B (en) | 1988-08-29 |
| DK153750C DK153750C (en) | 1989-01-30 |
Family
ID=19885682
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK431581A DK153750C (en) | 1980-10-01 | 1981-09-29 | STABILIZATION ELEMENT |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DK (1) | DK153750C (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2084529B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL190546C (en) |
| NO (1) | NO147176C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE442736B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE438300B (en) * | 1983-09-07 | 1985-04-15 | Goetaverken Arendal Ab | DEVICE AT SEMISUBMERSIBLE OFFSHORE DRIVING DEVICE DEVICE AT SEMISUBMERSIBLE OFFSHORE DRIVING COST |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3610193A (en) * | 1969-07-29 | 1971-10-05 | Bethelehem Steel Corp | Offshore drilling structure |
| USRE29478E (en) * | 1971-05-03 | 1977-11-22 | Santa Fe International Corporation | Single column semisubmersible drilling vessel |
| US3837309A (en) * | 1971-06-17 | 1974-09-24 | Offshore Technology Corp | Stably buoyed floating offshore device |
| US3880102A (en) * | 1974-02-19 | 1975-04-29 | Offshore Technology Corp | Method and apparatus for offshore submersible oil storage and drilling |
-
1980
- 1980-10-01 NO NO802912A patent/NO147176C/en unknown
-
1981
- 1981-09-29 DK DK431581A patent/DK153750C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-09-30 GB GB8129480A patent/GB2084529B/en not_active Expired
- 1981-09-30 SE SE8105780A patent/SE442736B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-09-30 NL NLAANVRAGE8104472,A patent/NL190546C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SE8105780L (en) | 1982-04-02 |
| NL190546B (en) | 1993-11-16 |
| GB2084529A (en) | 1982-04-15 |
| GB2084529B (en) | 1984-06-27 |
| DK153750C (en) | 1989-01-30 |
| NO147176C (en) | 1983-02-16 |
| NO147176B (en) | 1982-11-08 |
| DK431581A (en) | 1982-04-02 |
| NL190546C (en) | 1994-04-18 |
| NO802912L (en) | 1982-04-02 |
| NL8104472A (en) | 1982-05-03 |
| SE442736B (en) | 1986-01-27 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PBP | Patent lapsed |