DK153022B

DK153022B - CABLE WINNING APPLIANCE

Info

Publication number: DK153022B
Application number: DK155786A
Authority: DK
Inventors: Colin Peter John Dickenson; Philip Sydney Dixon
Original assignee: Lebus Int Eng Ltd
Priority date: 1984-08-06
Filing date: 1986-04-04
Publication date: 1988-06-06
Also published as: EP0190248B1; NO163482B; NO861327L; ATE35805T1; DK155786D0; DE3563842D1; EP0190248A1; GB2162811A; NO163482C; DK153022C; FI861116A0; WO1986001189A1; DK155786A; FI861116A; FI79822C; GB8419964D0; FI79822B; GB2162811B

Abstract

Cable winding apparatus comprises a cylindrical drum (1) adapted to hold a plurality of layers of cable wound thereon. The drum has circumferential primary grooves (2) around at least parts of its periphery for accommodating the innermost layer of cable. The cable is arranged to unwind progressively from a first end of the drum to the opposite second end. Secondary grooves (5) are formed in the base of the primary grooves. The secondary grooves are of smaller diameter than the primary grooves and are adapted to accommodate a tail line attached to the innermost end of the cable but of correspondingly smaller diameter. After unwinding of the cable, the tail line will unwind progressively from the second end to the first end of the drum.

Description

DK 153022 BDK 153022 B

Denne opfindelse vedrører et kabelviklingsapparat som angivet i krav 1‘s indledning.This invention relates to a cable winding apparatus as set out in the preamble of claim 1.

Apparatet er egnet til at modtage og afgive i alt væsentligt en vilkårlig type trådkabel, elektrisk ledning, reb, reb- eller kabelkorer eller -kerner og lignende (herefter under ét _ benævnt "kabel").The apparatus is suitable for receiving and discharging substantially any type of wire cable, electric wire, rope, rope or cable cores or cores and the like (hereinafter collectively referred to as "cable").

55

Der kendes forskellige typer kabelviklingsapparater, der er almindeligt brugte. Sådanne apparater benyttes inden for olieboringsindustrien, både offshore og på land og er endvidere almindeligt benyttet som maritimt udstyr. Andre anvendelser er til kraner, spil og køretøjsmonterede anlæg. Apparatet ifølge opfindelsen er egnet til brug inden for alle disse områder.Different types of cable winding devices are commonly used. Such devices are used in the oil drilling industry, both offshore and onshore, and are also commonly used as maritime equipment. Other applications are for cranes, winches and vehicle-mounted systems. The apparatus according to the invention is suitable for use in all these areas.

Der er lagt speciel vægt på opnåelse af en styring af den måde, hvorpå kablerne op-vikles på tromler eller spoler, specielt når kablet ofte strækkes og spændes ud. Et apparat af denne type findes beskrevet i britisk patentskrift nr. 737352 og 776007.Special emphasis has been placed on achieving control of the way in which the cables are wound on drums or spools, especially when the cable is often stretched and stretched. An apparatus of this type is described in British Patent Nos. 737352 and 776007.

1515

Hidtil er der opstået problemer i forbindelse med hejsekabler på kraner til offshorebrug og bygningskraner, når kablerne griber fat i eller utilsigtet fastgøres til andre genstande, fx offshoreboreplatforme, køretøjer etc. Sådanne hejsekabler har ensartet diameter, og hvis de sætter sig fast ved tromlen eller filtres sammen i føringskonstruktionen eller i 2Q maskinkonstruktionen, kan løftemaskinen, fx kranen eller spillet, blive trukket af sin understøtning eller monteringsbasis. Dette har resulteret i overordentlig store beskadigelser og i visse tilfælde tab af menneskeliv.So far, problems have arisen in connection with hoisting cables on cranes for offshore use and construction cranes, when the cables grip or are inadvertently attached to other objects, eg offshore drilling platforms, vehicles, etc. Such hoisting cables have a uniform diameter and if they get stuck to the drum or are filtered together in the guide structure or in the 2Q machine structure, the lifting machine, eg the crane or the winch, can be pulled by its support or mounting base. This has resulted in enormous damage and in some cases loss of human life.

Formålet med den foreliggende opfindelse er at eliminere de ovenfor beskrevne ulemper. Dette opnås ved det i krav 1‘s kendetegnende del angivne. Den inderste ende 25 af kablet er således fastgjort til en afslutningsline, der har mindre diameter end kablet og en forholdsvis lille belastningsunderstøtningsevne. Hovedhejserebet eller -kablet kan herefter frit passere gennem maskinens overbygningskonstruktion, idet dette kabel efterfølges af det til kablet fastgjorte andet reb eller den til kablet fastgjorte afslutningsline, som til sidst kan frigøres fra forankringen til tromlen, når der først er løbet tilstrækkeligt kabel og afslutningsline fri af maskinen. Afslutningslinen styrer kablets passage ved opretholdelse af en spænding i kablet, når det passerer gennem rigstilladset, og afslutningslinen har en betydeligt lavere brudstyrke end belastningsunderstøtningskapaciteten for den maskine, til hvilken linen er monteret. Et fartøj, som hænger fast, eller en last, som styrter ned, og som er fastgjort til kablets frie ende, kan 35 således ikke trække hejsemaskinen fra sin understøtning. Når denne teknik benyttes modsat, kan den lille afslutningsline yderligere benyttes til på simplere måde at føre 2The object of the present invention is to eliminate the disadvantages described above. This is achieved by the characterizing part of claim 1. The inner end 25 of the cable is thus attached to a termination line which has a smaller diameter than the cable and a relatively small load supporting capacity. The main hoisting rope or cable can then pass freely through the machine superstructure, this cable being followed by the second rope attached to the cable or the termination line attached to the cable, which can eventually be released from the anchorage to the drum once sufficient cable and termination line have run free. of the machine. The termination line controls the passage of the cable by maintaining a tension in the cable as it passes through the rig scaffold, and the termination line has a significantly lower breaking strength than the load support capacity of the machine to which the line is mounted. Thus, a vessel which is stuck or a load which is collapsing and which is attached to the free end of the cable cannot pull the hoisting machine from its support. When this technique is used in reverse, the small finish line can be further used to lead 2 in a simpler way

DK 153022BDK 153022B

kablet gennem kabelstyreorganerne i den maskine, på hvilken tromlen benyttes. Opfindelsen simplificerer endvidere tilpasningen af afslutningslinen eller -kablet, når denne afslutningsline opvikles på eller vikles af en tromle, der er indrettet til ét eller flere lag kabel.the cable through the cable guides in the machine on which the drum is used. The invention further simplifies the alignment of the termination line or cable when this termination line is wound on or wound by a drum arranged for one or more layers of cable.

55

Hvis hejsemaskinen arbejder forkert som følge af fejl ved motoren eller bremserne eller mekanisk brud, hvorved lasten får lov til at falde eller løbe frit, vil kablet blive afgivet i fuld udstrækning fra opviklingstromlen uden problemer med genopvikling af kablet i den modsatte retning på tromlen.If the hoisting machine works incorrectly due to failure of the motor or brakes or mechanical breakage, allowing the load to fall or run freely, the cable will be fully discharged from the winding drum without problems with rewinding the cable in the opposite direction on the drum.

10 Når der opvikles ét eller flere lag reb eller kabel på en tromle, er det vigtigt at sikre, at der opretholdes en regelmæssig opspoling eller opvikling af alle lag. Specielle udformninger af en tromle til opnåelse af en sådan kontrolleret opspoling findes fx beskrevet i britisk patentskrift nr. 737.352 og 776.007.10 When winding one or more layers of rope or cable on a drum, it is important to ensure that a regular winding or winding of all layers is maintained. Special designs of a drum for obtaining such a controlled winding are described, for example, in British Patent Nos. 737,352 and 776,007.

15 Tilvejebringelsen af de ovenfor beskrevne sekundære render til afslutningslinen kan benyttes i forbindelse med forskellige udformninger af periferiske primære render. I en specielt foretrukken udførelsesform er der på tromlens periferi tilvejebragt to sæt diametralt modsat rettede periferiske primære render, placeret parallelt med tromlens ender. Renderne i det ene sæt er placeret ved siden af men forskudt i forhold til ren-20 derne i det andet sæt. Disse to sæt hovedrender eller primære render har hver en længde, som er mindre end tromlens halve periferi. Herved tilvejebringes der to aksiait rettede, diametralt modsatte kabelstyringszoner på tromlens periferi. De sekundære, mindre render er udformet i bunden af de ovenfor beskrevne hovedrender, idet de sekundære render er udformet i den modsatte retning på tværs af tromlen i forhold til 25 hovedrenderne, dvs. hvis hovedrenden er viklet i en højreskrue, så er den sekundære rende viklet i en venstreskrue og vice versa. Denne relation forbliver den samme, hvadenten tromlen har for meget eller for lidt kabel opviklet, eller tromlen har kablet strammet for meget eller for lidt. Afslutningslinehs rende løber fra en udgangsposition, som bestemmes af længden af den nødvendige afslutningsline, der følger en vej gennem 30 bunden af den primære rende, men i modsat retning med krydsningssektioner i renden sammenfaldende ved to radialt modstående områder omkring tromlen. Den sekundære rende løber ind i hovedrenden ved en bestemt position grænsende op til en flange.The provision of the secondary gutters for the termination line described above can be used in connection with various designs of peripheral primary gutters. In a particularly preferred embodiment, on the periphery of the drum, two sets of diametrically opposed peripheral primary grooves are provided, located parallel to the ends of the drum. The gutters in one set are located next to each other but offset from the gutters in the other set. These two sets of main gutters or primary gutters each have a length which is less than half the periphery of the drum. This provides two axially oriented, diametrically opposed cable control zones on the periphery of the drum. The secondary, smaller grooves are formed at the bottom of the main grooves described above, the secondary grooves being formed in the opposite direction across the drum relative to the main grooves, i.e. if the main groove is wound in a right-hand screw, then the secondary groove is wound in a left-hand screw and vice versa. This relationship remains the same whether the drum has too much or too little cable wound or the drum has the cable tightened too much or too little. The groove of the termination line runs from a starting position determined by the length of the required termination line following a path through the bottom of the primary groove, but in the opposite direction with crossing sections in the groove coinciding at two radially opposite areas around the drum. The secondary groove runs into the main groove at a certain position adjacent to a flange.

Den ovenfor beskrevne konstruktion af render kan udformes integreret i en tromles 35 kerne eller cylinder. Renderne kan i stedet udformes ved at en glat tromle forsynes med en ekstra delingsbevikling, som undertiden bensevnes en beklædning eller en bøsning, omkring hovedtromlen.The construction of gutters described above can be designed integrated in the core or cylinder of a drum 35. The gutters can instead be designed by providing a smooth drum with an extra dividing winding, which is sometimes boneed in a casing or a sleeve, around the main drum.

33

DK 153022BDK 153022B

Opfindelsen vil i det følgende blive nærmere forklaret under henvisning til tegningen på hvilken fig. 1 viser en tromle i et kabelviklingsapparat, der udgør en foretrukken udførelsesform for apparatet ifølge opfindelsen, set fra siden, 5 fig· 2 en udfoldet overflade af det i fig. 1 viste apparat, fig. 3 en del af et snit efter linjen 3-3 i fig. 2 og fig. 4 den i fig. 1 viste tromle, set fra den ene ende.The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing in which fig. Fig. 1 shows a drum in a cable winding apparatus which constitutes a preferred embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention, seen from the side, Fig. 2 shows a unfolded surface of the one shown in fig. 1, FIG. 3 is a fragmentary sectional view taken along line 3-3 of FIG. 2 and fig. 4 the one in fig. 1, seen from one end.

På tegningen er vist en tromle 1 med periferiske primære render 2, der er konstrueret til 10 styring af kabelopvikling. Denne udformning af de primære render er i sig selv kendt og findes beskrevet fx i britisk patentskrift nr. 776007. De primære render er udformet som to diametralt modsatte sæt, hvor renderne i hvert sæt forløber over omtrent halvdelen af tromlens periferi og er parallelle med tromlens endeflader, men af hvilke det ene sæt er forskudt aksialt i forhold til det andet med en halv bredde af renderne. Hvert sæt af 15 render har en længde, der er lidt mindre end halvdelen af tromlens periferi, så at der tilvejebringes et par aksialt rettede, diametralt modstående kabelstyringszoner 3 på tromlens periferi. Sådanne styringszoner kan være plane eller, som det fremgår af tegningen, have et sæt skruelinjeformede render, der etablerer forbindelse mellem tilgrænsende ender af to sæt hovedrender. På konventionel måde er der ved hver ende af 20 tromlen tilvejebragt endeudfyldningsdele 4 til at lede kablet mellem de to sæt primære render og dermed til opnåelse af kontrolleret vikling. I hvert af områderne af de skruelinjeformede render skiftes kablet således aksialt en halv stigningshøjde.The drawing shows a drum 1 with peripheral primary grooves 2 designed for 10 control of cable winding. This design of the primary grooves is known per se and is described, for example, in British Patent Specification No. 776007. The primary grooves are designed as two diametrically opposite sets, the grooves in each set extending over approximately half of the periphery of the drum and are parallel to the drum. end faces, but of which one set is offset axially relative to the other by half the width of the grooves. Each set of 15 grooves has a length that is slightly less than half of the periphery of the drum so as to provide a pair of axially directed, diametrically opposed cable guide zones 3 on the periphery of the drum. Such control zones may be planar or, as shown in the drawing, have a set of helical grooves establishing connection between adjacent ends of two sets of main grooves. In a conventional manner, end filling parts 4 are provided at each end of the drum to guide the cable between the two sets of primary grooves and thus to obtain controlled winding. In each of the areas of the helical grooves, the cable is thus axially shifted by half a pitch height.

I overensstemmelse med opfindelsen er der i bunden af de primære render tilvejebragt sekundære render 5. Disse har mindre diameter end de primære render og svarer til 25 diameteren af en afslutningsline for kablet, der tilsvarende har mindre diameter end kablet. Udformningen af de sekundære render er modsat udformningen af de primære render. Dette opnås ved tilvejebringelse af de sekundære render på en sådan måde, at de krydser de primære ender i zonen 3 med de to sæt skruelinjeformede render. To sæt krydsningspunkter falder således sammen på diametralt modsatte sider af tromlen.In accordance with the invention, secondary grooves 5 are provided at the bottom of the primary grooves. These have a smaller diameter than the primary grooves and correspond to the diameter of a termination line for the cable, which correspondingly has a smaller diameter than the cable. The design of the secondary gutters is the opposite of the design of the primary gutters. This is achieved by providing the secondary grooves in such a way that they cross the primary ends in the zone 3 with the two sets of helical grooves. Thus, two sets of intersection points coincide on diametrically opposite sides of the drum.

3030

Kablet er forbundet til afslutningslinen i det område, hvor den sekundære rende 5 begynder, tæt ved ende af kablet, som begynder ved endeudfyldningsdelen. Forbindelserne mellem kablet og afslutningslinen er fortrinsvis så korte som muligt for at minimere det uunderstøttede stykke af det andet lag kabel. Som det fremgår af tegningen, 35 leder den anden rende 5, i modsat retning af hovedrenden, til den modsatte ende af tromlen, hvor afslutningslinen fører gennem tromlens cylinder og er fastgjort på kendtThe cable is connected to the termination line in the area where the secondary groove 5 begins, near the end of the cable, which begins at the end filling part. The connections between the cable and the termination line are preferably as short as possible to minimize the unsupported piece of the second layer of cable. As can be seen from the drawing, the second groove 5, in the opposite direction of the main groove, leads to the opposite end of the drum, where the termination line leads through the cylinder of the drum and is attached to known

Claims

Cable winding apparatus with a cylindrical drum arranged to hold several layers of cable wound on the drum, the drum having peripheral primary grooves extending around at least a part of the periphery of the drum, for receiving an inner layer cable so that this layer can be unwound from a first end of the drum to the opposite end, characterized in that secondary grooves are formed at the bottom of the primary grooves, which have a smaller diameter than the primary grooves, and which are designed so that they can receive a termination line attached to the inner end of the cable and having a correspondingly smaller diameter, and that the termination line, after the cable has been unwound, will be wound by the drum from the other end to the first end of the drum. 30

Cable winding apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the termination line is attached to the drum at one end and has a lower load capacity than the cable and is arranged to break under load or to be pulled free of the drum when the line is wound out in full length. 35

Cable winding apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the primary grooves are located in two diametrically opposite sets DK 153022B and placed parallel to the ends of the drum, the grooves of one set being located next to each other but offset axially relative to , the grooves in the second set, and that each of the two sets has a length that is less than half of the periphery of the drum to provide a pair of axially directed, diametrically opposed cable guide zones on the periphery of the drum.

Cable winding apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that helical primary transition grooves are formed in the cable guide zones for establishing a connection between adjacent ends of the two sets of parallel primary grooves and for displacing the cable axially one half pitch height.

Cable winding apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the secondary grooves cross the primary grooves in the areas of the helical transition grooves. 15 20 25 30 35