DK148992B - ANTIBIOTIC AND ENZYMOUS ANIMAL FEED MIXTURE - Google Patents

Description

168992 ti * · t

Animal feed, as it is usually used today in intensive animal husbandry, contains a number of additives with pro-rylactic and / or nutritional effects. These include antibiotics and enzymes. While the use of antibiotics has already been demonstrated in compound feed of all types, in practice, enzymes are not yet widely used /

The feed mixtures used in modern intensive animal husbandry are generally so far optimized with regard to all nutritional components that further improvement does not seem possible. Surprisingly, however, it has been found that also optimally composed high performance feed can be further improved in terms of feed utilization 2 148992 and / or the consequent growth if certain antibiotics are combined with proteolytic enzymes for these feeders.

From US Patent No. 2,809,892, it is known that zinc bacitracin promotes growth when animals are fed with feed containing this antibiotic.

Furthermore, it is well known that proteolytic enzymes improve the utilization of the proteins, carbohydrates and fats present in animals in vegetable and animal feed, and lead to a faster growth with a decrease in feed intake per day. kg of growth, cf. Patent Nos. 101,397, German Patent Nos. 1,084,123 and 1,212,826, and U.S. Patent Nos. 2,878,123.

However, it could not be inferred from these publications that a combination of zinc bacitracin and acidic proteases from Aspergillus niger results in an improvement in growth and feed utilization as a result of the combined addition having a synergistic effect. The invention relates to an animal feed mixture based on carbohydrates, egg whites, fats and optionally usual additives which is characterized by a content of 5-20 ppm of the antibiotic zinc bacitracin and such amount of acidic protease from Aspergillus niger with an operating spectrum 25 between pH 2 , 5 and 6.5 have an enzymatic activity of 0.05-2.5 mTU / g.

Zinc bacitracin belongs to the group of polypeptide antibiotics. In the case of the commercial preparations, they are mixtures of 30 different polypeptides with a zinc content of up to 10% zinc.

The initial form of bacitracin is prepared in a known manner from strains of Bacillus licheniformis.

Suitable proteolytic enzymes are particularly obtained by growing microorganisms and separating them from the nutrient solution. The methods for this are known. Eg. proteolytic enzymes from Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus natta, are used. Bacillus subtilis, etc. Especially preferred are acidic proteases, e.g. from Aspergillus niger in accordance with 148992 3 German patent no .: P 25 28,490.-6. such proteases have a particularly wide spectrum of action in the weakly acidic range between pH 2.5 and 6.5.

5 Commercial compound feedingstuffs are optimally formulated for the special requirements of the individual animal species. The basis forms carbohydrates, especially of cereals, maize and the like. As an egg white carrier, first of all, serve soybeans, fish meal, flour of animal carcasses, bran and the like. Missing amino acids, for example, methionine, may be added further.

10 Fats are added in the form of vegetable or animal fats or waste fats. In addition, salts such as dicalcium phosphate, calcium carbonate and boiling salt are added to the body structure. Optionally, the feed mix is rounded off by the addition of trace elements, vitamins, ballast substances, etc. Also, fermentatively prepared substances such as single cell proteins from petroleum fractions or alcohols, various yeasts, algae egg whites or other, possibly derived from waste substances, may be part of the feed recipe "in considerable scope.

In addition to the usual constituents of a particular animal species, the animal feed compositions of the invention contain an additional 5-20 ppm, preferably 10-15 ppm of said antibiotic and proteolytic enzymes in such an amount that the enzymatic activity is 0.05 2.5 mTU / g, preferably 0.2 - 0.5 mTU / g. In particular, a combination of zinc bactracin and an acidic fungal protease or protease mixture is used. The growth thus obtained or the improvement of feed utilization respectively is up to k% compared with the corresponding control mixtures containing only antibiotic.

The effective combination of zinc bacitracin and enzymes is particularly suitable in feeds for male chickens for fattening. However, it can also be useful for all other animal species, for which the use of zinc bacitracin alone is already an advantage, for example, in pig feed and in laying chicken feed.

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Zinc bacitracin is conveniently added to the feed in the form of a premix, for example, bound to soy extraction slant. When using milky feed compositions, the enzyme component is also used as a premix. As a carrier, any feed component, e.g. likewise soybean. When using vaporized feed, the mixing of the enzymes must be in a suitable stabilized form to prevent deactivation due to humidity and heat during the pelletizing. Such a process is described in German Patent No. P 26 02 260.6.

To determine the enzyme unit (TU), the proteolytic activity of the protease according to the known Anson principle is ascertained: A suitable dilute amount of enzyme solution is incubated at +0 ° 0 for 20 minutes with an equal volume of a 1.2 wt% casein solution, containing 0.6 lactic acid, 6 moles of urea and 0.1 moles of citric or acetic acid. The pH of the casein solution is adjusted to 0.5 by the addition of 2N sodium hydroxide. After the incubation, Ο, Ν trichloroacetic acid is added in the volume ratio of 1: 1, the precipitate formed is filtered from undigested casein and in the filtrate the protein cleavage pieces produced by decomposition are determined according to some egg whitening method. Suitable for this are e.g. the method described by Layne in Method of Enzymology 3 (1957), page Mf8 et seq.

For each test sample, a blank value must be prepared to which trichloroacetic acid is added first and then casein solution. This blank value, in addition to the blank value of the reagents, provides the amount of low molecular weight peptides present in the enzyme solution even before digestion. The difference between main value and blind value is then compared by the method mentioned with the extinction given by a certain amount of tyrosine in this determination. This amount of tyrosine is then a measure of the proteolytic activity of the present enzyme: The enzyme unit (TIT) is the amount of enzyme which, by a 1 minute casein solution, releases cleavage products having the same extinction as a 3,3q 1 M tyrosine solution. is usually given in mTU = 10 J TU Example 1.

160 day-old male chickens for fattening the breed Lohmann were fed in 35 cages for 6 weeks with uniform compound feedingstuffs, with (a) without the addition of antibiotic or enzyme; (b) with the addition of 10 ppm of zinc bacitracin; ppm zinc bacitracin and 0.3 mTU / g acid proteases from Aspergillus niger 5 d) with the addition of 0.3 mTU / g acid proteases from Aspergillus niger.

and upon completion of the experiment, the final weight and feed utilization were determined. Feed utilization is understood as the ratio of feed consumption: growth.

Feed composition (%): 10

Corn, crushed 50

Soybean, extr, 18.5

Rough wheat flour ij>

Feed fat (soybean oil / lard 15 i.v. 1: 1) 6

Feed blood flour 3.5

Flour of meat and bone 3

Fishmeal 1

Mineral mixture 1 20 Vitamin premix 1

Carbonated forage lime 0.89

Tracer premix 0.1

Antibiotic premix 0.01 100.00 25

Result a) b) c) d) without addition m.Zn-Bac m.Zn-Bac + E m.E.

Final weight (g) 1518 1515 1557 1502

Feed utilization 1.86 1.86 1.80 1.85

Zn-Bac = zinc-bacitracin E = proteolytic enzymes from said microorganism.

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