DK148087B - FASTENING BOILER - Google Patents

FASTENING BOILER Download PDF

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Publication number
DK148087B
DK148087B DK526682A DK526682A DK148087B DK 148087 B DK148087 B DK 148087B DK 526682 A DK526682 A DK 526682A DK 526682 A DK526682 A DK 526682A DK 148087 B DK148087 B DK 148087B
Authority
DK
Denmark
Prior art keywords
combustion
fuel
boiler
flue gas
air
Prior art date
Application number
DK526682A
Other languages
Danish (da)
Other versions
DK148087C (en
DK526682A (en
Inventor
Ole Nielsen
Original Assignee
Kedler Tarm As
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kedler Tarm As filed Critical Kedler Tarm As
Priority to DK526682A priority Critical patent/DK148087C/en
Priority to FR8318213A priority patent/FR2536839A3/en
Publication of DK526682A publication Critical patent/DK526682A/en
Publication of DK148087B publication Critical patent/DK148087B/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DK148087C publication Critical patent/DK148087C/en

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24HFLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/24Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers
    • F24H1/26Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body
    • F24H1/28Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body including one or more furnace or fire tubes
    • F24H1/287Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body including one or more furnace or fire tubes with the fire tubes arranged in line with the combustion chamber
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23BMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B5/00Combustion apparatus with arrangements for burning uncombusted material from primary combustion
    • F23B5/04Combustion apparatus with arrangements for burning uncombusted material from primary combustion in separate combustion chamber; on separate grate
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23LSUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L15/00Heating of air supplied for combustion
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)

Description

148087148087

Opfindelsen angår en kedel til levering af varmt vand til varmeinstallationer i villaer og mindre beboelsesejendomme, og som er konstrueret til forbrænding af fast brændsel. Sådanne kedler er almindeligt kendt og var den gængse type fra den tid, man gik fra kakkelovns-5 fyring over til centralvarmeanlæg, og indtil de i det store og hele blev fortrængt af kedler med oliefyr. De kendte kedler var som regel beregnet til fyring med koks, som var det brændsel, der var lettest for menigmand at anvende, idet det brænder relativt langsomt og derfor 10 kræver færrest indfyringer i døgnet. Der er konstrueret kedler til forbrænding af kul, som f.eks. i indfyringslågen har en roset til indledning af sekundærluft til forbrænding af den gas, der dannes ved den delvise for-koksning af kullene i brandzonen. For at blandingen af 15 gas og sekundærluft skal have antændelsestemperatur, må sekundærluften ledes ind umiddelbart over de glødende kul, hvilket begrænser tykkelsen af brændselslaget væsentligt. Til fyring med træ er de kendte kedeltyper helt uegnet, da der for det første ikke er plads til 20 større mængder træ, og for det andet er røggassen så afkølet ved at strømme op gennem træstykkerne, at en sekundær forbrænding ikke er mulig. En fuldstændig forbrænding kræver derfor rigelig tilførsel af primærluft med en stor forbrændingshastighed til følge.The invention relates to a boiler for supplying hot water to heating installations in villas and smaller residential buildings, and which is designed for the combustion of solid fuel. Such boilers are generally known and were the usual type from the time people went from tiled stove 5 to central heating systems, and until they were largely displaced by boilers with oil burners. The known boilers were usually intended for firing with coke, which was the fuel that was easiest for the average person to use, as it burns relatively slowly and therefore requires the fewest firings per day. Boilers have been designed for the combustion of coal, such as in the firing gate has a rosette for initiating secondary air for combustion of the gas formed by the partial coking of the coals in the fire zone. In order for the mixture of 15 gas and secondary air to have an ignition temperature, the secondary air must be led in immediately above the glowing coals, which significantly limits the thickness of the fuel layer. For firing with wood, the known boiler types are completely unsuitable, as firstly there is no room for 20 larger quantities of wood, and secondly the flue gas is so cooled by flowing up through the pieces of wood that a secondary combustion is not possible. A complete combustion therefore requires an abundant supply of primary air with a high combustion rate as a result.

25 Der er konstrueret fastbrændselskedler, som er mere velegnet til forbrænding af brændsel, som ved forbrænding afgiver brændbare gasser, og med et højt brændselsmagasin, som bl.a. er beskrevet i DE-OS nr. 3202531. Denne fastbrændselskedel har en første forbrændingszone, hvor 30 tørstoffet forbrænder, og en anden forbrændingszone, hvor de brændbare andele af røggassen forbrændes ved hjælp af overskudsluft, der tages fra den forbrændingsluft, der tilføres det første forbrændingskammer gen- 148087 2 nem en skråtstillet rist. Den skråtstillede rist giver imidlertid en uensartet tilførsel af luft til den første forbrændingszone, og luften til den anden forbrændingszone ledes ikke i intim berøring med risten, hvor-5 for den ikke forvarmes så meget som ønskeligt.25 Solid fuel boilers have been designed which are more suitable for the combustion of fuel, which emit combustible gases during combustion, and with a high fuel reservoir, which i.a. is described in DE-OS No. 3202531. This solid fuel boiler has a first combustion zone where the dry matter burns and a second combustion zone where the combustible proportions of the flue gas are combusted by means of excess air taken from the combustion air supplied to the first combustion chamber. through an inclined grate. However, the inclined grate provides a non-uniform supply of air to the first combustion zone, and the air to the second combustion zone is not conducted in intimate contact with the grate, for which reason it is not preheated as much as desired.

Det er opfindelsens formål at anvise en sådan konstruktion af en fastbrændselskedel, at indtaget af sekundær forbrændingsluft til den anden forbrændingszone er uafhængig af indtaget af forbrændingsluft til forbrændin-10 gen i den første forbrændingszone, og hvor der opnås en effektiv opvarmning af denne sekundære forbrændingsluft, således at ikke forbrændte gasarter med sikkerhed antændes og derved nyttiggøres. Dette opnås ifølge opfindelsen ved, at røggassen i den anden forbrændings-15 zone ledes langs en varmeledende skillevæg hen til et antal røgrør, der fører den videre til en røgafgangsstuds, hvilken skillevæg adskiller røggassen fra en strøm af sekundærluft, der ledes langs den i modstrøm med røggassen og indsuges gennem huller i den ende af 20 skillevæggen, der er nærmest den første forbrændingszone.It is the object of the invention to provide such a construction of a solid fuel boiler that the intake of secondary combustion air to the second combustion zone is independent of the intake of combustion air for the combustion in the first combustion zone, and where an efficient heating of this secondary combustion air is obtained. so that unburned gases are safely ignited and thereby recovered. This is achieved according to the invention in that the flue gas in the second combustion zone is led along a heat-conducting partition to a number of flue pipes which lead it on to a flue outlet, which partition separates the flue gas from a flow of secondary air which is passed along it in countercurrent with the flue gas and sucked in through holes in the end of the partition wall closest to the first combustion zone.

På grund af, at sekundærluften strømmer et relativt langt stykke i modstrøm med røggassen langs den stærkt opvarmede skillevæg med en lille strømningshastighed, 25 vil den blive stærkt ophedet, således at den ved indstrømningen gennem hullerne i skillevæggen har en tilstrækkelig høj temperatur til at sikre en fuldstændig forbrænding af de brændbare gasarter i røggassen.Due to the fact that the secondary air flows a relatively long distance in countercurrent with the flue gas along the strongly heated partition with a low flow rate, it will be strongly heated so that when it flows in through the holes in the partition it has a sufficiently high temperature to ensure a complete combustion of the combustible gases in the flue gas.

Opfindelsen forklares i det følgende nærmere under hen-30 visning til tegningen, der viser en udførelsesform for 148087 3 en fastbrændselskedel ifølge opfindelsen. Kun de dele af kedelen, som er nødvendige for forståelsen af opfindelsen, er vist og f. eks. ikke sådanne velkendte detaljer som indfyringslåge, askefaldslåge med trækspjæld, 5 renselåge, termometer osv., som er anbragt på kedelens forside, der er bortskåret på tegningen for at vise kedelens indre konstruktion.The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing, which shows an embodiment of a solid fuel boiler according to the invention. Only those parts of the boiler which are necessary for the understanding of the invention are shown and, for example, not such well-known details as the ignition door, ash trap door with pull damper, cleaning door, thermometer, etc., which are placed on the front of the boiler, which are cut away on the drawing to show the internal construction of the boiler.

På tegningen betegner 1 brændselsmagasinet, der som nævnt i den almene beskrivelse, er forsynet med varmeplader 2, 10 som, især når brændselet er ved at være opbrændt, giver en forhøjet temperatur af brændselsmagasinet, således at eventuelle afsætninger på dets vægge af tjære eller sod bortbrændes. Den nederste del af brændselsmagasinet -brandzonen - er omgivet med ildfaste sten 3, som beskyt-15 tes af varmepladerne 2 og øger brandzonens temperatur væsentligt. Brændselsmagasinet er forneden afsluttet med en rist 4, hvorpå brændselet ligger. Brændselsmagasinet er foroven forsynet med et "bypass" 5, dvs. et spjæld, som, når det åbnes med et ikke vist udvendigt siddende 20 håndtag, tillader forbrændingsluften at passere direkte ud i en røgafgangsstuds 6. Dette har betydning ved op-tænding og ved fyring med koks. Når "bypasset" 5 er lukket, går hele mængden af røggas ud i et sekundært forbrændingsrum 7, hvor der sker en forbrænding af den gas, 25 brændselet har afgivet under den primære forbrænding. Forbrændingsrummet 7 leder røggassen i en sløjfe rundt om en midterdel 8 til røgrør 9 og er ved en trugformet skillevæg 10 opdelt i to rum, et for røggassen og et for sekundær forbrændingsluft, som gennem en roset 11 suges 30 ind langs undersiden af væggen 10 og, som vist med strømningspile, ind gennem huller 12 i denne. Sekundærluften opvarmes stærkt ved at ledes langs undersiden af den varme skillevæg i modstrøm med røggassen, således at der opnås en effektiv forbrænding af den brændbare gas i røg-35 gassen.In the drawing, 1 denotes the fuel magazine which, as mentioned in the general description, is provided with heating plates 2, 10 which, especially when the fuel is about to burn, give an elevated temperature of the fuel magazine, so that any deposits on its walls of tar or soot burned away. The lower part of the fuel magazine - the fire zone - is surrounded by refractory stones 3, which are protected by the hot plates 2 and increase the temperature of the fire zone significantly. The fuel magazine is finished at the bottom with a grate 4 on which the fuel rests. The fuel magazine is provided with a "bypass" 5 at the top, i.e. a damper which, when opened with a handle (not shown) on the outside, allows the combustion air to pass directly into a flue 6. This is important when lighting and when firing with coke. When the "bypass" 5 is closed, the entire amount of flue gas goes out into a secondary combustion chamber 7, where the gas emitted by the fuel during the primary combustion takes place. The combustion chamber 7 directs the flue gas in a loop around a central part 8 to the flue 9 and is divided by a trough-shaped partition 10 into two compartments, one for the flue gas and one for secondary combustion air, which is sucked in through the rosette 11 along the underside of the wall 10 and , as shown by flow arrows, through holes 12 therein. The secondary air is strongly heated by being led along the underside of the hot partition wall countercurrent to the flue gas, so that an efficient combustion of the combustible gas in the flue gas is obtained.

148087 4148087 4

Skillevæggen 10 er som vist ført op forbi åbningen mellem de to forbrændingsrum, således at det danner et skjold 13, der forhindrer halvforbrændt brændsel i at tilstoppe det sekundære forbrændingskammer. Kun røggas-5 sen kan slippe igennem hullerne 14 i skjoldet 13. Brændselsmagasinet, de to forbrændingsrum og røgrørene er omgivet af et vandkammer 15, der går helt ud til det var-meisolerede kabinet 16. Herved opnås en god varmeafgivelse til vandet og en god afkøling af røgen, inden den gen-10 nem en hætte 17, der dækker alle røgrørene 9 og "bypasset" 5, ledes ud gennem røgafgangsstudsen 6. Hætten 17 er som vist forsynet med en renselåge 18.The partition wall 10 is, as shown, led up past the opening between the two combustion chambers, so that it forms a shield 13 which prevents semi-combusted fuel from clogging the secondary combustion chamber. Only the flue gas 5 can escape through the holes 14 in the shield 13. The fuel reservoir, the two combustion chambers and the flue pipes are surrounded by a water chamber 15 which extends all the way to the heat-insulated housing 16. This results in a good heat dissipation to the water and a good cooling of the smoke before it is passed through a hood 17 covering all the smoke pipes 9 and the "bypass" 5 through the smoke outlet nozzle 6. As shown, the hood 17 is provided with a cleaning door 18.

Vandkammerets konstruktion medfører, at kabinettets vægge ikke bliver overophedet nogen steder. I vandkammeret 15 kan der være indbygget en varmeveksler 19, f. eks. som vist i form af en rørslange, som er tilsluttet to ikke viste rørstudse på kabinettets bagside. Ved hjælp af denne varmeveksler kan temperaturen af kedelvandet sænkes, hvis den af en eller anden grund er blevet for høj. For-20 siden af kabinettet kan desuden være forsynet med studse, som antydet med de punkterede cirkler 20, for indføring af elektriske varmelegemer i patronform.The construction of the water chamber means that the walls of the cabinet are not overheated anywhere. A water exchanger 19 may be built into the water chamber 15, for example as shown in the form of a pipe hose, which is connected to two pipe sockets (not shown) on the back of the cabinet. Using this heat exchanger, the temperature of the boiler water can be lowered if for some reason it has become too high. The front of the housing may also be provided with a nozzle, as indicated by the dotted circles 20, for the introduction of electric heaters in cartridge form.

DK526682A 1982-11-26 1982-11-26 FASTENING BOILER DK148087C (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK526682A DK148087C (en) 1982-11-26 1982-11-26 FASTENING BOILER
FR8318213A FR2536839A3 (en) 1982-11-26 1983-11-16 Solid fuel boiler

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK526682 1982-11-26
DK526682A DK148087C (en) 1982-11-26 1982-11-26 FASTENING BOILER

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
DK526682A DK526682A (en) 1984-05-27
DK148087B true DK148087B (en) 1985-02-25
DK148087C DK148087C (en) 1985-07-29

Family

ID=8140971

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DK526682A DK148087C (en) 1982-11-26 1982-11-26 FASTENING BOILER

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DK (1) DK148087C (en)
FR (1) FR2536839A3 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1116915A1 (en) * 2000-01-14 2001-07-18 Kaukora Oy Boiler and method for conducting gases in a boiler

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1183158B (en) * 1985-02-01 1987-10-05 Termo Meccaniche Spa Costruzio STRUCTURE OF SOLID FUEL BOILER, ESPECIALLY FOR DOMESTIC HEATING
DE202007001959U1 (en) * 2007-02-06 2008-03-13 Viessmann Werke Gmbh & Co Kg Solid fuel boilers
DE102016002114A1 (en) * 2016-02-23 2017-08-24 HET Heiz- und Energietechnik EntwicklungsGmbH BIOMASS OVEN AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING A BIOMASS OIL

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1116915A1 (en) * 2000-01-14 2001-07-18 Kaukora Oy Boiler and method for conducting gases in a boiler

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK148087C (en) 1985-07-29
FR2536839B3 (en) 1984-10-12
DK526682A (en) 1984-05-27
FR2536839A3 (en) 1984-06-01

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