DK141610B - CLUTCH FOR A BLYAK CUMULATOR - Google Patents
CLUTCH FOR A BLYAK CUMULATOR Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DK141610B DK141610B DK383075AA DK383075A DK141610B DK 141610 B DK141610 B DK 141610B DK 383075A A DK383075A A DK 383075AA DK 383075 A DK383075 A DK 383075A DK 141610 B DK141610 B DK 141610B
- Authority
- DK
- Denmark
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- tissue
- accumulator
- lid
- thermal
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/52—Removing gases inside the secondary cell, e.g. by absorption
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/308—Detachable arrangements, e.g. detachable vent plugs or plug systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/52—Removing gases inside the secondary cell, e.g. by absorption
- H01M10/523—Removing gases inside the secondary cell, e.g. by absorption by recombination on a catalytic material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
- Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)
- Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
Description
141610 i141610 i
Opfindelsen angår en lukkeprop til en hlyakkumulator med en katalysator til rekombination af de ved akkumulatorens drift fremkomne gasser.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to a sealing plug for a hly accumulator with a catalyst for recombining the gases produced by the accumulator operation.
Pra USA-patentskrift nr. 2.615.Q62 kendes en lukkeprop med 5 et gas-rekombinationsorgan i form af en katalysator. Varmeafgivelsen fra katalysatoren er imidlertid ikke størst mulig, idet der er en afstand imellem katalysatoren og den udvendige del af proppen. Der er ganske vist en termisk stavforbindelse imellem den udvendige væg og et indvendigt 10 rør, der omgiver katalysatoren. Som følge af et forholdsvis lille tværsnitsareal af de pågældende stave er den termiske forbindelse imidlertid ikke helt tilfredsstillende.Pra US Patent No. 2,615.Q62 discloses a closure plug having a gas recombination means in the form of a catalyst. However, the heat dissipation from the catalyst is not greatest, as there is a distance between the catalyst and the outside of the plug. Admittedly, there is a thermal stick connection between the outer wall and an inner tube surrounding the catalyst. However, due to a relatively small cross-sectional area of the rods in question, the thermal connection is not entirely satisfactory.
Lukkeproppen ifølge opfindelsen er ejendommelig ved, at katalysatoren er pladeformet og over størstedelen af sit over-15 fladeareal er i termisk kontakt med proppens låg, som er af metal.The closure plug according to the invention is characterized in that the catalyst is plate-shaped and over most of its surface area is in thermal contact with the plug lid, which is of metal.
Den varme, der dannes ved rekombination af hydrogen og oxygen, vil derved lettere kunne ledes bort med det til følge, at katalysatorens temperatur nedsættes. Som følge heraf vil en 20 større del af vanddampene kondenseres og løbe tilbage i akkumulatoren .The heat generated by the recombination of hydrogen and oxygen will thus be more easily dissipated, resulting in a decrease in the temperature of the catalyst. As a result, a larger portion of the water vapor will condense and run back into the accumulator.
Opfindelsen skal nærmere forklares i det følgende under henvisning til tegningen, hvor fig. 1 viser en lukkeprop ifølge opfindelsen til en blyakku-25 mulator, fig. 2 forholdet W mellem uomsat og omsat gas som funktion af den termiske belastning for en lukkeprop ifølge opfindelsen (kurve 1) og for en konventionel lukkeprop (kurve 2), 2 141610 fig. 3 mængden af udviklet knaldgas som funktion af den af akkumulatoren udtagne strøm, idet den punkterede kurve viser den udviklede mængde knaldgas,og den fuldt optrukne kurve viser den del af den dannede knaldgas, der rekombinerer til 5 vand.The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing, in which 1 shows a closure plug according to the invention for a lead accumulator; FIG. 2 shows the ratio W between unreacted and reacted gas as a function of the thermal load for a closure plug according to the invention (curve 1) and for a conventional closure plug (curve 2); 3 shows the amount of developed nitrous oxide as a function of the current taken out of the accumulator, the dotted curve showing the developed amount of nitrous oxide and the fully drawn curve showing the part of the produced nitrous oxide which recombines to 5 water.
Den i fig. 1 viste lukkeprop til en blyakkumulator omfatter et hus 1, der fortrinsvis er af et termoplastisk materiale såsom polypropylen, og i hvis øvre del der er en katalysatorholder 6. Den nederste del af huset er f.eks. anbragt på 10 samme sted som en almindelig lukkeprop til en akkumulator.The FIG. 1 for a lead accumulator comprises a housing 1 which is preferably made of a thermoplastic material such as polypropylene, and in the upper part of which is a catalyst holder 6. The lower part of the housing is e.g. placed at the same location as a regular sealing plug for an accumulator.
De ved akkumulatorens drift fremkomne gasser strømmer op gennem en labyrint 3, der opfanger eventuelt medrevne væskedråber og forhindrer en skadelig befugtning af katalysatorholderen 6.The gases produced during the operation of the accumulator flow up through a maze 3 which intercepts any entrained liquid droplets and prevents harmful wetting of the catalyst holder 6.
En tragt 4 i proppen sørger for en mest mulig ensartet for-15 deling af gasserne til hele katalysatorholderen 6's overflade og forhindrer samtidigt en uønsket sammenblanding af de fremkomne gasser med den vanddamp, der allerede er dannet.A funnel 4 in the stopper provides for the most uniform distribution of the gases to the entire surface of the catalyst holder 6 and at the same time prevents undesired mixing of the resulting gases with the water vapor already formed.
Også tragten 4 kan være af et termoplastisk materiale såsom polypropylen.Also, the hopper 4 may be of a thermoplastic material such as polypropylene.
20 Inden gasserne når katalysatorholderen 6, møder de et vandskyende CuO-imprægneret asbestlag 5, hvor det i blyakkumulatoren under overbelastning udviklede SbH^ oxideres for at forhindre en forgiftning af katalysatoren. Katalysatorholderen 6, der er imprægneret med en katalysator såsom palladium, er 25 ligeledes gjort vandskyende.Before the gases reach the catalyst holder 6, they encounter a water-repellent CuO-impregnated asbestos layer 5, where the SbH 2 developed in the lead accumulator under overload is oxidized to prevent poisoning of the catalyst. The catalyst holder 6, impregnated with a catalyst such as palladium, is also rendered water repellent.
Delene 5 og 6 er til opnåelse af en god varmeledning under tryk forbundet med et låg 7. Dette tryk kan være frembragt ved hjælp af en på siden af låget fastgjort fjedrende tunge 11 eller ved hjælp af nitter, der forbinder katalysatorlaget 30 med låget 7.The parts 5 and 6 are connected to a lid 7. to obtain a good heat conduction under pressure. This pressure can be produced by means of a resilient tongue 11 attached to the lid or by rivets connecting the catalyst layer 30 to the lid 7.
Over låget 7 afgives den i katalysatorlaget frigjorte rekombinationsvarme til den omgivende luft. Til dette formål kan låget 7 bestå af et varmebestandigt formstof såsom polytetra= 3 141810 ; fluorethylen eller udgøres af en rustfri og syrefast stål-plade .Above lid 7, the recombination heat released into the catalyst layer is delivered to the ambient air. For this purpose, the lid 7 may consist of a heat-resistant resin such as polytetra = 3,141810; fluorethylene or is a stainless and acid-resistant steel plate.
De ved rekombination dannede vanddampe kondenseres, ved huset l’s sideflader, hvilke sideflader til opnåelse af en større 5 overflade er forsynet med et antal udbukninger 8. På denne måde kommer kondensationsfladens temperatur til at ligge langt under vands kogepunkt, fortrinsvis imellem 40°C og 50°C. Det kondenserede vand opsamles i det nederste område af huset 1 og flyder gennem åbninger 9 og 2 tilbage til den 10 udvandede elektrolyt i akkumulatoren. En åbning 10 i huset forhindrer, at der dannes et overtryk ved stor belastning.The water vapors formed by recombination are condensed at the side surfaces of the housing 1, which side surfaces to obtain a larger surface are provided with a number of bends 8. In this way the temperature of the condensing surface will be well below the boiling point, preferably between 40 ° C and 50 ° C. The condensed water is collected in the lower area of the housing 1 and flows through openings 9 and 2 back to the 10 diluted electrolyte in the accumulator. An opening 10 in the housing prevents excessive pressure from forming at high load.
Den optimale termiske kobling mellem katalysatorbeholderen 6 og låget 7 er tilvejebragt ved, at katalysatoren er plade-formet og over størstedelen af sit overfladeareal er i ter-15 misk kontakt med låget. Berøringsfladen er ved anvendelse af et asbestvæv som følge af væv-overfladens stærke strukturering kun en del af det overfor liggende lag 7's overflade.The optimum thermal coupling between the catalyst container 6 and the lid 7 is provided by the catalyst being plate-shaped and over most of its surface area in thermal contact with the lid. The contact surface, using an asbestos tissue due to the strong structure of the tissue surface, is only part of the surface of the facing layer 7.
Alt efter katalysatorholderen 6's struktur er det muligt at opnå en berøringsflade mellem delene 6 og 7 på 15-85% 20 af den geometriske flade, fortrinsvis 20-40% af den geometriske flade.Depending on the structure of the catalyst holder 6, it is possible to obtain a contact surface between parts 6 and 7 of 15-85% 20 of the geometric surface, preferably 20-40% of the geometric surface.
Varmeafgivelsen over låget 7 til den omgivende luft kan ved valg af et materiale med en god varmeledning påvirkes i gunstig retning. Eksempelvis kan der anvendes en plade med 25 en tykkelse på 0,2-0,5 mm, og som har en varmeledningskoef-ficient på λ = 0,00375 --=— ved 100°C.The heat dissipation over the ambient air lid 7 can be favorably influenced by the choice of a material with a good heat conduit. For example, a plate having a thickness of 0.2-0.5 mm can be used and having a coefficient of thermal conductivity of λ = 0.00375 - = - at 100 ° C.
cm * s · grd.cm * s · grd.
Tykkelsen af rekombinations-katalysatorpladen i forhold til tykkelsen af den afgrænsede husdel skal ligge mellem 0,5 og 30 5.The thickness of the recombination catalyst plate relative to the thickness of the delimited housing portion must be between 0.5 and 30.
I det følgende beskrives imprægneringen af asbestvævet med katalysatoren CuO.The following describes the impregnation of the asbestos tissue with the catalyst CuO.
U1610 4U1610 4
Eksempel 1Example 1
Asbestvævet gennemvædes under vakuum med en saltsur 1% PdCl2~ opløsning. Efter tørring ved 110°C dyppes vævet i en 5% natrium= borenat-opløsning, hvorved PdCl2 reduceres til findelt, højaktivt Pd. Vævet vaskes derefter frit for Cl og tørres. Pd-5 indholdet androg 0,6%.The asbestos tissue is soaked in vacuum with a hydrochloric acid 1% PdCl 2 solution. After drying at 110 ° C, the tissue is dipped in a 5% sodium = borenate solution, thereby reducing PdCl2 to finely divided, high-active Pd. The tissue is then washed free of Cl and dried. The Pd-5 content was 0.6%.
Eksempel 2Example 2
Asbestvævet gennemvædes under vakuum med en blanding i forholdet 1:1 af en saltsur 2% PdCl2~opløsning og en 5% BaCl2~ opløsning. Vævet tørres og behandles derefter med en blan-10 ding i forholdet 1:1 af en 5% natriumborenat - opløsning og en 10% Na2SO^-opløsning. PdCl2 bJ-ev derved reduceret til findelt, højaktivt Pd, og det på samme tid udfældede BaSO^ blev bundfældet. Pd-indholdet androg 0,3%.The asbestos tissue is soaked in vacuum with a 1: 1 ratio of a hydrochloric acid 2% PdCl2 ~ solution and a 5% BaCl2 ~ solution. The tissue is dried and then treated with a 1: 1 mixture of a 5% sodium boronate solution and a 10% Na 2 SO 4 solution. PdCl2 bJ-ev was thereby reduced to finely divided, high-active Pd, and the simultaneously precipitated BaSO4 was precipitated. The Pd content was 0.3%.
Eksempel 3 15 Asbestvævet dyppes som i eksempel 1 i en 1% PdCl2~opløsning og tørres derefter. Vævet blev derefter gennemvædet med en 0,1% AgNOg-opløsning og atter tørret. Ved badning i en 5% natriumborenat-opløsning blev de to salte reduceret til findelt, højaktivt PdAg. Pd-indholdet androg 0,25%, medens 2 20 Ag-indholdet androg 0,8%, svarende'til 0,3 mg Pd/cm og 2 0,1 mg Ag/cm .Example 3 Asbestos tissue is dipped as in Example 1 in a 1% PdCl 2 solution and then dried. The tissue was then soaked with a 0.1% AgNOg solution and dried again. When bathed in a 5% sodium borenate solution, the two salts were reduced to finely divided, high-active PdAg. The Pd content was 0.25%, while the 2 20 Ag content was 0.8%, corresponding to 0.3 mg Pd / cm and 2 0.1 mg Ag / cm.
Eksempel 4Example 4
Asbestvævet imprægneres med en ammoniak CuO-opløsning og tørres derefter ved 140°C. Cu-komplekset bliver derved opløst 25 og udskilt på vævet som findelt CuO. Katalysatorbeholderen og CuO-holderen kan med fordel være gjort vandskyende som beskrevet i det efterfølgende eksempel 5.The asbestos tissue is impregnated with an ammonia CuO solution and then dried at 140 ° C. The Cu complex is thereby dissolved and excreted on the tissue as comminuted CuO. The catalyst vessel and CuO holder may advantageously be made water-repellent as described in the following Example 5.
141610 5141610 5
Eksempel 5Example 5
Det med katalysator forsynede asbestvæv gennemvædes af en 30% vandig dispersation af polytetrafluorethylen, tørres og sintres ved ca. 350°C - 400°C.The catalyst-coated asbestos tissue is soaked in a 30% aqueous dispersion of polytetrafluoroethylene, dried and sintered at ca. 350 ° C - 400 ° C.
Lukkeproppen ifølge opfindelsen giver i forhold til de kendte 5 lukkepropper en væsentlig mindre termisk belastning af kondensationsfladen. Dette er vist i fig. 2.The closure plug according to the invention gives a substantially less thermal load on the condensation surface compared to the known closure plugs. This is shown in FIG. 2nd
Dér er forholdet w mellem mængden af uomsat gas og mængden af omsat gas vist som funktion af den termiske belastning P i mW/cm af kondensationsfladen. Kurve 1 viser den termiske be-10 lastning af kondensationsfladen i en lukkeprop ifølge opfindelsen. På samme måde viser kurve 2 den tilsvarende termiske belastning af kondensationsfladen af en kendt lukkeprop med en i huset centralt anbragt katalysatorholder. Fig. 2 viser tydeligt, at lukkeproppen ifølge opfindelsen har en 50-70% 15 bedre termisk ydeevne.Here, the ratio w between the amount of unreacted gas and the amount of reacted gas is shown as a function of the thermal load P in mW / cm of the condensation surface. Curve 1 shows the thermal loading of the condensation surface in a closure plug according to the invention. Similarly, curve 2 shows the corresponding thermal load of the condensation surface of a known closure plug with a centrally located catalyst holder. FIG. Figure 2 clearly shows that the closure plug of the invention has a 50-70% better thermal performance.
Konstruktionen ifølge opfindelsen samt den udvalgte katalysatorholder har særdeles gode egenskaber ved overbelastning af lukkeproppen.The structure of the invention as well as the selected catalyst holder have very good properties in overloading the closure plug.
I fig. 3 viser den punkterede kurve for en typisk akkumulators 20 vedkommende den udviklede mængde knaldgas W som funktion af akkumulatorens afladestrøm I. Den fuldt optrukne kurve illustrerer den del af den dannede knaldgas, der rekombinerer til vand. Mængden af omdannede gasser stiger til at begynde med lineært med strømmen, når ved den foreliggende lukkeprop 25 et maksimum ved en strøm på 4,2 A og falder derefter ved yderligere strømforøgelse. Herved undgås dels en ødelæggelse af proppen som følge af overbelastning, dels at katalysatortemperaturen selv ved overbelastning ikke kommer til at ligge i nærheden af knaldgassens selvantændelsestemperatur, 30 der ligger over 500°C. Alt efter konstruktionen kan katalysatoren højst antage en temperatur på 250 - 300°C.In FIG. 3 shows the dashed curve of a typical accumulator 20 with respect to the developed amount of ball gas W as a function of the accumulator discharge current I. The fully drawn curve illustrates the part of the formed ball gas which recombines to water. Initially, the amount of converted gases increases linearly with the flow, at the present closure 25, a maximum at a current of 4.2 A and then decreases with further current increase. This avoids partly the destruction of the plug as a result of overload and partly that the catalyst temperature even in the event of overload will not be close to the boiling gas self-ignition temperature, which is above 500 ° C. Depending on the design, the catalyst can not exceed a temperature of 250 - 300 ° C.
U1610 6U1610 6
Lukkeproppen ifølge opfindelsen frembyder en høj driftssikkerhed ved et forholdsvis højt gasforbrug og er desuden let at montere.The closure plug according to the invention offers a high reliability of operation at a relatively high gas consumption and is furthermore easy to install.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2442465A DE2442465C3 (en) | 1974-09-05 | 1974-09-05 | Sealing plugs for lead accumulators |
| DE2442465 | 1974-09-05 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DK383075A DK383075A (en) | 1976-03-06 |
| DK141610B true DK141610B (en) | 1980-05-05 |
| DK141610C DK141610C (en) | 1980-10-06 |
Family
ID=5924918
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK383075A DK141610C (en) | 1974-09-05 | 1975-08-26 | CLUTCH FOR A BLYAK CUMULATOR |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AT (1) | AT345364B (en) |
| BE (1) | BE833101A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH588171A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2442465C3 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK141610C (en) |
| ES (1) | ES440612A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2284199A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1484427A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1044372B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7509272A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO144809C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE408981B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3013754A1 (en) * | 1980-04-10 | 1981-10-15 | Varta Batterie Ag, 3000 Hannover | PLUG WITH RECOMBINATOR |
| DE9211814U1 (en) * | 1992-09-02 | 1992-12-03 | Accumulatorenwerke Hoppecke Carl Zoellner & Sohn GmbH & Co KG, 5790 Brilon | Device for introducing an air flow into cells of a battery |
-
1974
- 1974-09-05 DE DE2442465A patent/DE2442465C3/en not_active Expired
-
1975
- 1975-07-17 CH CH938275A patent/CH588171A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-07-21 AT AT561675A patent/AT345364B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-08-04 NL NL7509272A patent/NL7509272A/en unknown
- 1975-08-26 DK DK383075A patent/DK141610C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-08-26 FR FR7526280A patent/FR2284199A1/en active Granted
- 1975-09-01 IT IT7526775A patent/IT1044372B/en active
- 1975-09-01 ES ES440612A patent/ES440612A1/en not_active Expired
- 1975-09-03 NO NO753026A patent/NO144809C/en unknown
- 1975-09-05 BE BE159762A patent/BE833101A/en unknown
- 1975-09-05 SE SE7509899A patent/SE408981B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-09-05 GB GB36759/75A patent/GB1484427A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2284199A1 (en) | 1976-04-02 |
| GB1484427A (en) | 1977-09-01 |
| CH588171A5 (en) | 1977-05-31 |
| DK383075A (en) | 1976-03-06 |
| NO144809B (en) | 1981-08-03 |
| NL7509272A (en) | 1976-03-09 |
| DE2442465B2 (en) | 1978-07-20 |
| IT1044372B (en) | 1980-03-20 |
| NO144809C (en) | 1981-11-11 |
| SE408981B (en) | 1979-07-16 |
| DK141610C (en) | 1980-10-06 |
| NO753026L (en) | 1976-03-08 |
| FR2284199B3 (en) | 1980-04-11 |
| SE7509899L (en) | 1976-03-08 |
| DE2442465A1 (en) | 1976-03-18 |
| AT345364B (en) | 1978-09-11 |
| DE2442465C3 (en) | 1979-03-29 |
| BE833101A (en) | 1975-12-31 |
| ES440612A1 (en) | 1977-03-01 |
| ATA561675A (en) | 1978-01-15 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PBP | Patent lapsed |