DEP0045964DA - Gelatinizing and plasticizing agents for vinyl polymers - Google Patents
Gelatinizing and plasticizing agents for vinyl polymersInfo
- Publication number
- DEP0045964DA DEP0045964DA DEP0045964DA DE P0045964D A DEP0045964D A DE P0045964DA DE P0045964D A DEP0045964D A DE P0045964DA
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- ethyl alcohol
- alcohol
- vinyl polymers
- gelatinizing
- esters
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims description 9
- QSAWQNUELGIYBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCCCC1C(O)=O QSAWQNUELGIYBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- -1 heterocyclic alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 82
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 50
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCO ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003021 phthalic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SZIFAVKTNFCBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloroethanol Chemical compound OCCCl SZIFAVKTNFCBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical group CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pentanol Chemical compound CCCCCO AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001089 [(2R)-oxolan-2-yl]methanol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005396 acrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000007933 aliphatic carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WFYPICNXBKQZGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N butenyne Chemical group C=CC#C WFYPICNXBKQZGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009903 catalytic hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanol Chemical compound OC1CCCCC1 HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XJELOQYISYPGDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl 2-chloroacetate Chemical compound ClCC(=O)OC=C XJELOQYISYPGDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005670 ethenylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- AUBDSFLQOBEOPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexa-1,5-dien-3-yne Chemical group C=CC#CC=C AUBDSFLQOBEOPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005397 methacrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- BSYVTEYKTMYBMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1CCCO1 BSYVTEYKTMYBMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIYCHXAGWOYNNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl sulfide Chemical compound C=CSC=C UIYCHXAGWOYNNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 description 1
Description
Es wurde gefunden, daß die neutralen Hexahydrophthalsäureester aliphatischer, cycloaliphatischer oder heterocyclischer Alkohole hervorragende Gelatinierungs- und Weichmachungsmittel für Vinylpolymerisate darstellen. Unter Vinylpolymerisaten sollen dabei solche Produkte verstanden werden, die durch Polymerisation von Verbindungen erhältlich sind, die wenigstens 1 mal die Gruppe
Bei den erfindungsgemäß als Weichmacher für derartige Kunststoffe vorgeschlagenen neutralen Estern der Hexahydrophthalsäure handelt es sich in erster Linie um die Ester mit grad- kettigen oder verzweigten aliphatischen Alkoholen, deren Alkylreste gegebenenfalls substituiert oder durch Hetero-Atome, vorzugsweise Sauerstoff, unterbrochen sein können; in gleicher Weise geeignet sind auch die neutralen Ester cycloaliphatischer Alkohole, deren Cycloalkyrest u. ebenfalls durch Hetero-Atome, wie Sauerstoff, unterbrochen sein kann. Beispielsweise in Betracht kommen die neutralen Hexahydrophthalsäureester folgender Alkohole: Äthylalkohol, Butylalkohol, Amylalkohol, Hexylalkohol, Oktylalkohol, Dedecylalkohol, 2-Chloräthylalkohol, Isopropylalkohol, 2-Äthylhexylalkohol, Cyclohexylalkohol, Methyl-cyclohexylalkohol, Methoxy-äthylalkohol, Äthoxy-äthylalkohol, <Nicht lesbar> Tetrahydro-furfurylalkohol u.a.m. Hinsichtlich der Kältefestigkeit erwiesen sich als besonders vorteilhaft Mischester aus solchen Alkoholgemischen, wie man sie beispielsweise aus einem Gemisch niederer aliphatischer Karbonsäuren mit einer mittleren Kettenlänge von 4 - 7 oder 7 - 10 Kohlenstoffatomen (Vorlaufsäuren der Paraffin-Oxydation) durch Hochdruckhydrierung ihrer Ester erhalten kann oder wie man sie aus einem Gemisch von Olefinen entsprechender Kettenlänge mit Hilfe der Oxo-Reaktion, d.h. unter Einwirkung von Kohlenoxyd und Wasserstoff in Gegenwart von Co-Katalysatoren unter Druck erhält. Auch die Ester von Alkoholgemischen, wie sie mit Hilfe der <Nicht lesbar> aus Gemischen niederer aliphatischer Alkohole mit beispielsweiseThe neutral esters of hexahydrophthalic acid proposed according to the invention as plasticizers for such plastics are primarily the esters with a degree of chain or branched aliphatic alcohols, the alkyl radicals of which can optionally be substituted or interrupted by heteroatoms, preferably oxygen; Equally suitable are the neutral esters of cycloaliphatic alcohols, the cycloalkyl radicals of which can also be interrupted by hetero atoms, such as oxygen. For example, the neutral hexahydrophthalic acid esters of the following alcohols come into consideration: ethyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, amyl alcohol, hexyl alcohol, octyl alcohol, dedecyl alcohol, 2-chloroethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, cyclohexyl alcohol, methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, methyl alcohol, methyl alcohol, methyl alcohol, methyl alcohol, methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol) Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, etc. With regard to resistance to low temperatures, mixed esters made from alcohol mixtures such as those obtained, for example, from a mixture of lower aliphatic carboxylic acids with an average chain length of 4 - 7 or 7 - 10 carbon atoms (precursors of paraffin oxidation) by high pressure hydrogenation have proven to be particularly advantageous Esters can be obtained or how they can be obtained from a mixture of olefins of appropriate chain length with the aid of the oxo reaction, ie under the action of carbon oxide and hydrogen in the presence of cocatalysts under pressure. Also the esters of alcohol mixtures, as they are with the help of the <not readable> from mixtures of lower aliphatic alcohols with, for example
4 - 7 Kohlenstoffatomen erhältlich sind, haben sich als vorzügliche Weichmacher für Vinylpolymerisate erwiesen.4 - 7 carbon atoms are available, have proven to be excellent plasticizers for vinyl polymers.
Die Herstellung derartiger Hexahydrophthalsäureester ist bekannt; man kann sie direkt aus Hexahydrophthalsäure und den Alkoholen bzw. aus einem Gemisch von solchen nach den üblichen Veresterungsmethoden gewinnen, man kann sie aber auch aus den entsprechenden Phthalsäureestern durch katalytische Hydrierung erhalten, wenn man dabei unter Bedingungen arbeitet, die die Estergruppen unangegriffen lassen.The preparation of such hexahydrophthalic acid esters is known; they can be obtained directly from hexahydrophthalic acid and the alcohols or from a mixture of such by the customary esterification methods, but they can also be obtained from the corresponding phthalic acid esters by catalytic hydrogenation if one works under conditions which leave the ester groups unaffected.
Die Verwendung von Hexahydrophthalsäureestern als Weichmacher für Cellulosederivate ist ebenfalls bekannt. Aus dem guten Gelatiniervermögen für Nitrocellulose war jedoch nicht zu folgern, daß Estern dieser Art auch eine hervorragende Verträglichkeit mit Vinylpolymerisaten der verschiedensten Art eigen ist. Un dem Sammelbegriff Vinylpolymerisate sollen hier Polymerisationsprodukte aller Polymerisationsgrade von solchen Verbindungen verstanden werden, die wenigstens 1 mal die Gruppe
Beispiels 1Example 1
100 Gew.-Teile Polyvinylchlorid werden mit 30 Gew.-Teilen eines Mischesters aus Hexahydrophthalsäure und einem Gemisch aliphatischer Alkohole mit einer Kettenlänge von 7 - 10 Kohlenstoffatomen bei 150° verknetet. Man erhält nach dem Auswalzen zu dünnen Folien ein gut plastifiziertes Material, das sich durch hohe Lichtbeständigkeit auszeichnet und zur Herstellung von Umhang- und Vorhangmaterial eignet.100 parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride are mixed with 30 parts by weight of a mixed ester of hexahydrophthalic acid and a mixture of aliphatic alcohols with a chain length of 7-10 carbon atoms kneaded at 150 °. After rolling out into thin foils, a well-plasticized material is obtained, which is characterized by high light resistance and is suitable for the production of drapery and curtain material.
Beispiel 2Example 2
70 Gew.-Teile eines Mischpolymerisates aus Vinylchlorid und Vinylacetat werden mit 30 Gew.-Teilen eines Esters aus Hexahydrophthalsäure mit einem Alkoholgemisch der mittleren Kettenlänge C(sub)4 - C(sub)7 heiß verwalzt. Man erhält ein Material von hoher Elastizität, hervorragender Lichtechtheit, das für Isolierzwecke verwendet werden kann.70 parts by weight of a copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate are hot-rolled with 30 parts by weight of an ester of hexahydrophthalic acid with an alcohol mixture with an average chain length of C (sub) 4 - C (sub) 7. A material of high elasticity and excellent lightfastness which can be used for insulating purposes is obtained.
Claims (1)
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