DE971520C - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Description

Heat exchanger The invention relates to a heat exchanger for two flowing heat exchange media with upright tubes or tube bundles in a closed jacket with a non-flowing carrier liquid for the regulated Transfer of heat between the tubes of the heat supplying and the die Heat-dissipating agent.

In such heat exchangers, the carrier liquid is via a hot medium flowing through a tube or a tube bundle, e.g. B. Liquid or gas, heated, in which case the heated carrier liquid is pure cold, through another tube or other tube bundle reheating fluid.

There are heat exchangers of this type known in which the number of both the means supplying the heat and that of the heat. ne laxative Means traversed pipes by means of flaps etc. is changed to one another to a To achieve regulation of the heat exchange ratio. These heat exchangers require however, an additional constant operation of the control, apart from the training is involved and, in particular, also requires higher expenditure in production.

In the case of superheated steam coolers, the amount of heat exchanged is already known by changing the liquid level surrounding the cooling pipes of the hot steam cooler with the help of a valve, always anew additional liquid to be added rules. Furthermore, a superheated steam cooler is known in which this control of the Liquid level automatically without the aid of an externally actuated throttle valve as a function of from the amount of steam withdrawn from the steam generator. Here are only two heat exchange means available, namely superheated steam and cooling water, which are mix in the heat exchanger itself. Also must with these heat exchangers constant flow of coolant.

The invention now relates to a heat exchanger, in which this Disadvantages are eliminated by an automatic regulation of the heat exchange ratio depending on the operating conditions: takes place, although this is a relatively simple one Execution is required.

For this purpose, the heat transfer is safe with such a heat exchanger by changing the immersion depth of the tubes in the carrier liquid together automatically depending on the relationship between heat dissipation and heat input while reducing the immersion depths with a supply of above the withdrawal Heat through vapor formation from the carrier liquid and thereby storage of the excess heat and vice versa.

An exemplary embodiment of the invention should be based on the drawing as well as further details are explained in more detail.

In the drawings, Fig. I is a longitudinal section through an embodiment a heat exchanger with tubes arranged vertically and in parallel; Fig.2 is the top view of a heat exchanger according to Fig. i with the representation of the tube plate and the tube bundle; 3 shows schematically an embodiment of a device using the heat exchanger.

In the drawings i is the shell of the cylindrical pressure vessel, which is filled with water 2 and at its ends tube plates 3 and ¢, in which the parallel tubes 5 are drawn in, carries.

The parallel tubes 5 are in bundles 6, 7 and also for example 8, with the ends of tubes 5 of each bundle at each end of enclosed in a dome, d. i.e., the tubes 5 of the bundle 6 are of the Inlet dome 9 at one end and from the outlet dome i o at the opposite end End included, while the tubes 5 of the bundle 7 from the Ein-Mkuppel i i on one end and from Auslaßkupp.el 12 at the opposite end and the Tubes 5 in bundle 8 from an inlet dome at one end and an outlet dome 13 are included at the other end.

Hot liquids and / or gases are passed through the tubes 5 of the bundle 7 and / or 8 passed while cold liquid and / or cold gases through the tubes 5 of the bundle 6 are performed. The water 2 takes heat from the hot liquid and / or the hot gas. through the walls of the tubes of the bundle 7 and / or 8 and gives off this heat through the walls of the tubes of the bundle 6, so that the cold liquid and / or the cold gas flowing through these tubes is warmed up be, the water 2 is so hot in certain cases with storage that it is vaporized and partially converted into steam.

Heat exchangers of this type can come in various types of arrangements be used.

The device, which is shown schematically in Fig. 3, comprises a heat exchanger according to FIGS. i and a. In this arrangement 14 is a Hot water storage tank with a hot water tap i D, a return pipe 16, which is naturally connected to the dome 9 by the dome i o communicates with the upper part of the memory i ¢ through line i 7.

To maintain the circulation circuit described above, filled with water, it is connected to a Zuflußb.ehälter 1 8 which is arranged at a height corresponding to the desired pressure level. The memory i q. has an overflow pipe 1 9, as it is at. such hot water facilities is common.

The shell i of the heat exchanger is provided with an expansion tank 20 connected by a somewhat larger volume via line 21. The container 2o is located is at a higher level than the heat exchanger and has an air pipe 22.

If the device is cold and in the idle state, it is put into operation first the jacket i completely filled with water, whereby through the air tap 23 in the boiler all the air is blown off. So much water is replenished that in the container 2o a low water level of, for example, the line W-W is available.

When a hot, flowing medium, ie a liquid or a gas, flows through the tubes 5 of the bundle 7 and / or 8, the water 2 in your jacket i is heated and expands so that the water level is slightly above of WW lifts. If the amount of heat which is transferred into the water 2 of the jacket i substantially exceeds the amount of heat which is absorbed by the cold water of the tubes 5 of the bundle 6, steam is formed and the level of the water 2 in the jacket i is pressed down to a level XX or perhaps even YY, the water level in the container 2o rising to a level VV or ZZ.

A decrease in the water level in the mantle z now results in a decrease of the immersed surfaces of the tubes 5 of the bundle 7 and / or 8, thereby also the transfer of heat from the hot, flowing medium to the water 2 is reduced, but this drop in water level is not the same Way the ratio with which heat to the cold water in the pipes 5 of the Bundle 6 is transferred, since the free parts of the tubes are in contact stand with steam so that the pipes are in one place larger ratio Absorb heat as if the pipes are completely submerged in water.

It should also be noted that when water comes out of the mantle i passes through the Steam generated therein is pressed into the container 2o, increasing the static Pressure level of the steam in the jacket i takes place, so that the steam formation temperature is increased and thereby a greater temperature difference for the heat exchange with the cold water in the tubes 5 of the bundle 6 results.

To a higher temperature difference with an increased heat transfer can achieve the effect of static pressure head by the height of the container 20 above the jacket i can be increased by omitting the overflow 22 and the container 20 is closed so as to have its upper part as an air chamber train and to achieve a counter pressure in the upper part, so that thereby an increase in the vapor formation temperature in the jacket i results.

As can be seen from the various figures, some or all of the tubes 5 in a manner known per se with spiral grooves for elevation the effectiveness of the facility. There is one for each of these pipes tightly packed and compact arrangement appropriate, so that .ein relatively small Sheath can be used with a relatively small amount of carrier liquid can, and accordingly the heat exchanger is effective very quickly. Of course have the devices and facilities ancillary facilities and equipment necessary for safe and reliable functioning is common and required.

Claims (1)

PATENT CLAIMS: i. Heat exchanger for two flowing heat exchange media with upright tubes or tube bundles in a closed jacket with a non-flowing carrier liquid for the controlled transfer of heat between the tubes of the heat exchange medium supplying the heat and the heat exchange medium carrying away the heat, characterized in that the heat transfer is achieved by changing the immersion depths together the tubes in the carrier liquid automatically depending on the ratio between heat dissipation and heat supply 'with reduction of the immersion depths with the supply of heat above the extraction is regulated by the formation of steam from the carrier liquid and thereby storage of the excess heat and vice versa. a. Embodiment according to claim i, characterized in that the carrier liquid contained in the closed jacket is connected to an expansion tank for removing that part of the carrier liquid which is displaced by the steam which is formed by the excess heat. 3. Embodiment according to claim i and 2, characterized in that the expansion tank is arranged above the heat exchanger and is in communication with the lower end of the closed jacket. q .. Embodiment according to claim i to 3, characterized in that the expansion tank is closed. Documents considered: German Patent Nos. 826 299, 530 @ 2a French Patent No. 956654; U.S. Patents Nos. A 313 087, a 56 241, 1,890,245.