DE968782C - Hydraulic pit ram - Google Patents

Description

Hydraulic pit ram Pit star pel are available in various Way set with the help of compressed air. The upper punch is usually as a piston formed in the lower punch serving as a pressure cylinder. The lower stamp is filled with liquid, which occurs when compressed air is introduced from the compressed air network Mains voltage is set.

In one embodiment of this compressed air ram with additional liquid filling the compressed air is let into the hollow upper punch, from which it is through a means Valve closable immersion tube in the underlying, partly with liquid filled, cylinder-like lower punch flows over and thereby the upper punch pushes up to sit. The hollow upper punch is filled with the network pressure.

With this type of construction, it is used as the upper punch of sloping hanging walls too heavily loaded, whereby the tension in the cylinder increases accordingly, so can at When the maximum pressure is reached, the fluid in the lower punch reduces the valve load of the dip tube valve so that the liquid in the hollow upper punch trespass and thus the upper punch can give way.

Since the network pressure of the compressed air networks is at most 8 atmospheres, the contact pressure of the upper punch against the hanging wall, i.e. the setting pressure, is relatively low if the punch is to have useful dimensions.

The resilience of the stamp depends on the size of the air cushion from under the upper stamp. Next is a pneumatically set hydraulic pit ram known at which the air pressure the liquid from a special reservoir conveyed into the impression cylinder and after setting the stamp the connection between Storage container and cylinder is sealed off. The setting pressure is but in this case also given by the network pressure, and after the lockdown the punch is completely rigid, because the upper punch only rests on the one in the cylinder trapped liquid. Limited compliance is desirable.

The invention relates to a hydraulic-pneumatic pit ram with hollow, pressure-filled inner stamp, the novelty of which is that the Inline stamp as closed on one side by a floating piston, with High pressure air (ioo to 25o atü) filled container is formed.

The stamp is made by forcing liquid into the. as a printing cylinder trained unterernpel set. Anyone can use the appropriate pressure pumps deliver the desired high pressure. This means that the setting pressure can also be of any desired size obtain.

The new stamp offers an advantage over the well-known pneumatic stamps the advantage of the high setting pressure with relatively small dimensions. Nevertheless it is yielding, because with strong mountain pressure the upper punch increases its pnelLimatic internal pressure and against significantly increasing resistance something can sink in.

Compared to mechanical Grilben stamps with frictional engagement, the new stamps have the advantage that there are no uncertainties in the friction conditions in Need to be bought because no setting devices are required; to the A sledge hammer is not used, nor are any other coarse tools necessary.

The stamp has no removable and therefore easily lost Parts; the parts that wear out and therefore have to be replaced more often are avoided. It is reliable in rough operation underground and against shocks and other bad ones Treatment largely insensitive.

The ram is stolen in a known manner, simply by opening it a manually operated., ', blocking valve, which can also be operated by a cable or the like from large Distance can be actuated.

In addition to the advantages mentioned, the stamp also fulfills a task which the invention presents itself for the first time. So far one goes for the way of working of the stamp assumes that when setting a certain initial pressure, just the setting ZD pressure, which is to be generated later by increasing, is applied to the stamp supporting hand ends is enlarged considerably.

In fact, the static conditions of the hanging wall are not always so clear. Tectonic movements of the hanging wall in the upward direction can even occur - albeit small ones - which have a relieving effect. If the hanging wall then sinks again, the punches are quickly loaded again or overloaded. With the well-known pit ramps, the support of the hanging wall ceases with slight evasive movements. Meclian pit punches are depressurized when the hanging wall gives way upwards. Pneumatic punches quickly fall back to the setting pressure and below, so that they no longer bear any noticeable wear.

The new punch not only works with the multiple setting pressure compared to known pneumatic set punches, but it also maintains this much higher setting pressure, which can be driven to 30 t without difficulty, even with evasive movements of the hanging wall without considerable drop, as it is with the high pretensioning of the relatively large air space in the upper punch works. It therefore fulfills the task of adequately supporting the evasive hanging wall.

The hollow, pressure-filled inner stamp can also be used without the floating one Piston are executed and then has a liquid reservoir in its interior on, the amount of which is switched on via lines and an externally adjustable Valve enlarged by liquid from the pressure chamber arranged in the lower punch can be.

The stamp can also be equipped with an overload protection in a simple manner be provided.

The hand pump for setting the stamp is either in the stamp built in directly, or it is fitted with a pressure and suction line with quick-release fasteners operated by hand on the lower part of the punch before setting. In the latter case, the Hand pump can be used to operate heavier punches, the individual punches are the easier.

In the drawing, three exemplary embodiments are shown schematically in longitudinal section shown.

A particularly simple embodiment is shown in Fig. I. Inside the inner punch ii, a piston 13 is movable, which separates the air space 14 from the press water space 15. The piston 13 is held in its lowermost position by stops 16. When the upper ram is pumped up by a hydraulic pump, the piston 13 initially remains in its position, since the air cushion inside the upper ram is already highly pretensioned. It only moves after the punch head has been placed against the extension or the hanging wall, until the air tension corresponds to the prescribed setting pressure for the punch.

If the rock pressure is later greater than the setting pressure, the Inner punch ii continues with adiabatic compression of the pretensioned air evade so that the stamp gives way to the mountain pressure, intercepts it and is saved from destruction and sudden collapse. A change in the Press water content does not occur when giving way. The stamp printing can be done with the help of a built-in manometer or similar display device for the internal Tension of the air cushion or the compressed water are displayed.

In the embodiment according to Fig. 2, the base 2 1 is attached to the cylinder? -O and the two-part locking ring 2: z is attached to the top, which serves to guide and limit the stroke of the hollow inner punch 23 in the cylinder. This inner punch carries the punch head 24 at the top and is provided with a screwed-in guide attachment 25 at the bottom, to which the seal 26 is also attached. The guide attachment has a central bore 27 through which the press water coming from the feed channel 28 can flow in. It strikes against the floating piston 29, which closes the interior 3o of the inner punch 23 at the bottom. In this interior there is high-tension compressed air or some other pre-tensioned pneumatic agent, which is introduced through the Mittelöffnulig 3 1 and the check valve 32 of the floating piston 29. Since the piston 29 is well sealed by the seal, i at 33 , the air pressure is practically unlimited.

The free outer surface of the inner punch 23 does not come into contact with the leading running surface of the cylinder 20, since the diameter of the inner punch is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder. Dirt and damage to the outer surface of the inner punch therefore have no adverse effects on the operation of the punch.

The operation of the new stamp is as follows: If pressurized water is introduced into the cylinder 2o through the bore 28 , the pressure is initially directed against the floating piston: 29, which passes on all the compressed air enclosed in the interior 30 to it. Their bias is so high that the inner punch 23 is moved upwards. If it hits the hanging wall with your punch head 2-t, the hydraulic pressure rises quickly and the pumping is stopped as soon as the desired setting pressure is achieved, which can be determined with the help of a pressure gauge or other display device. The setting pressure is z. B. between io and 30 t. If the rock pressure rises to zero, the inner punch 23 with the punch head 24 can drop before a dangerous value is reached, compressing the air in the interior 3o even further, thus offering resistance and not collapsing. In the press water volume occurs. no change. The water pressure corresponds to the air pressure; the flexibility is achieved practically solely by the air space in the inner die. If, on the other hand, the hanging wall gives way, the punch actively exerts the high setting pressure only slightly less, so it also supports the evasive hanging wall. The base: 21 can serve as a liquid container and also contain the pump 35, the manual valve 36 and the pressure gauge 37. But you can also arrange the pump outside and connect it to the stamp with a quick release so that it can be used again on the next stamp after the stamp has been set. The manually operated shut-off valve 36 can also be remotely controlled during the robbery, for example with the help of a cable, a linkage or the like.

According to FIG. 3, work can also be carried out without a floating piston 29. In this case, a line 4o leads through the hollow line punch 23 to the punch head, in which the valve 41 is installed. A line 42 goes from the valve chamber to the lower part of the inner plunger, in which pressure fluid is located. The air in the inner punch is again highly pretensioned.

When setting the valve -li is closed, so that the in the cylinder : 2o injected liquid drives up the inner star pelvis. Is the punch head on, the valve 41 is opened and until the desired setting pressure is reached will continue to be pumped. The pressure fluid flows through lines 40 and 42 in FIG the inside of the inner stamp and compresses the air accordingly high.

For stealing, the valve 36 is opened and the liquid is drained through the valve 41 up to the initial level 43. Accidental exceeding of this lower water level can be prevented by an appropriate float valve arrangement.

Even with the design according to Fig. 3 , the inner stone pelvis can have a smaller diameter than the interior of the inner stone pelvis.

Claims (3)

PATENT CLAIMS: i. Hydraulic-pneumatic pit ram with a hollow, pressure-filled inner ram, characterized in that this is designed as a container closed on one side by a floating piston and filled with high pressure air (100 to 25o atii). 2. Hydraulic-plieumatic pit ram according to claim i, characterized in that a stopper (16, 25) for the floating piston (13, 29) is provided in the Innellstenipel (I 1, 23). 3. Hydraulic-plietimatic Grubeilstempel according to claim i, characterized in that in the inner ram (23) all point of the floating piston a liquid supply (43) is arranged, whose mileage via lines (40, 42) and a switched on in this, adjustable from the outside Valve (41) can be enlarged by liquid from the pressure chamber arranged in the lower punch. Publications considered: Deutsche Pateiltschriften Nos. 716755, 621526, 5107o8, 476793, 47679: 2, 48870.