DE9302381U1 - Door system - Google Patents

Description

Description

The invention relates to a door system, consisting of a door pillar, a device for linking a door to the door pillar and a further device for securing the door in at least one position other than the closed position.

Known designs of such door systems provide for the device for linking the door to include, in order to achieve a pivoting movement of the door superimposed by a transverse movement, support levers linked to the door on the one hand and to the door pillar on the other, as well as control means associated with these to force a desired pivoting sequence of the support lever links. In a first known embodiment according to DE-OS 41 40 289, the device for linking the door is formed by two hinges, each equipped with two pivot axes and a control means, which are to be mounted individually as fittings. In view of the forces that occur, this requires the hinges to be massive and thus relatively heavy, and also requires considerable assembly work when fitting the doors into the vehicle body.

No less complex is the comparable door hinge according to DE-OS 41 33 883, which essentially has the same disadvantages. What both designs have in common is that the door hinge, which consists of individual fittings, cannot contribute anything to the stiffening of the body parts involved, door or door pillar, and these therefore have to be designed to be particularly stiff or stiffened.

The disadvantage of using individual fittings to link the door to the door pillar is in another type of door system known from JP-PS 61-294 076 with superimposed transverse movement when the door is pivoted.

avoided that the device for supporting the door comprises a support that extends essentially beyond the hinge distance and is formed as a hollow body from sheet metal shells, which is pivotably connected to sheet metal angles forming hinge eyes on both the door side and the door pillar side by means of a hinge rod that extends over its entire height. Apart from the fact that in this embodiment a design of the pivot bearing that is even somewhat satisfactory, i.e. one that guarantees a certain level of smoothness, requires considerable effort, the door linkage in this embodiment is also unable to contribute anything to improving the adjustability of the door linkage.

The invention is based on the object of designing a door system of the type mentioned at the beginning in such a way that, with optimal stiffening of the body parts involved, it can be implemented with the smallest possible number of individually assembled parts and with the lowest possible weight, while ensuring that the door moves as quietly as possible and can be equipped with a device for braking and locking the door in at least one position other than the closed position with the least possible effort.

This object is essentially achieved according to the invention in that the device for articulating the door consists of an at least essentially X-shaped hollow box support part and the articulation axes of the door on the one hand and the door pillar on the other hand are connected to the free ends of the X-shaped support part, whereby the X-shaped hollow box support has a biconvex cross-sectional shape and is expediently formed from two sheet metal half-shells and is provided with hinge eyes at its free ends. The X-shaped support can also be made from a suitably reinforced plastic material as a molded part or from profile material sections. In addition to a weight reduction

In addition to the reduction in stiffness at high strength or inherent rigidity, the use of an X-shaped hollow box girder also has the advantage of precisely defining relatively short hinge links. In particular, the bi-convex design of the cross-sectional shape of the X-shaped hollow box girder results in a high inherent rigidity of the girder part without requiring additional installation space and also offers the possibility of additional stiffening of the girder part by means of beads or similar embossings arranged in the main load direction.

In this context, it is advantageously provided that the carrier-side parts of the hinge axis of the door hinge are formed by hinge halves connected to the free ends of the carrier part, whereby the carrier-side parts of the hinge axes of the door connected to the free ends of the X-shaped carrier part are expediently designed as two-eye hinge halves and are represented by length sections of a continuous hinge profile. This has the advantage that the hinge tabs of the hinge halves can be arranged so as to engage in the X-shaped carrier part and can be used to stiffen it.

In detail, however, it can also be provided that the hinge halves on the door and door pillar sides are each designed as single-eye hinges and that the hinge pins of all hinges are each mounted in the single-eye hinge half by means of bearing bushes made of maintenance-free material with a running seat, which ensures in the simplest way that the door runs absolutely maintenance-free and noise-free.

In addition to designing the hinge halves on the door and/or door column sides as individual fitting parts, a special feature of the invention provides that the hinge halves on the door and/or door column sides are

a connecting strip, each of which is combined in a hinge unit and is hinged together, whereby a particularly advantageous further development consists in the fact that the two hinge halves on the door and/or door pillar side are each designed as part of a one-piece fitting.

In order to be able to remove the doors from the body during installation of the interior fittings and later reconnect them to the body in the originally arranged position, the invention provides that the fitting part or the connecting strip on the door and/or door pillar side, which carries or has the respective hinge halves, can be attached to the respective door arrangement part, door or door pillar, by means of screw bolts and is provided with at least one fitting recess, e.g. an adjustment hole, for at least one alignment part arranged on the door arrangement part, in particular the head of a centering screw.

In order to force a specific, desired movement characteristic of the door when opening and closing, a control rod is assigned to the X-shaped support part forming the door linkage, which is pivotably linked on the one hand to the door and on the other hand to the door pillar about an axis parallel to the hinge axes of the support part, whereby the linkage axes of the control rod are arranged offset from the linkage axes of the X-shaped support part both in the direction of travel and transversely to the direction of travel, and whereby the X-shaped support part and control rod as well as the associated linkages on the door and door pillar side are arranged in the form of a trapezoid in the plan view.

In detail, it is further provided that the control rod is formed by two length-adjustable, in particular by means of screw bolts, flat material sections connected to one another and is connected at both ends to a bearing bush

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made of maintenance-free bearing material ia*I "made of chalked eh '/fnlenkaugen and that the control rod is mounted on the door and/or door pillar side by means of a hinge pin in a bearing block designed as a two-eye, whereby the bearing block arranged on the door and/or door pillar side for the articulation of the control rod is either directly connected to the respective door and/or door pillar side hinge half of one of the hinges assigned to the X-shaped support part or whereby the bearing block arranged on the door and/or door pillar side for the articulation of the control rod and one of the door and/or door pillar side hinge halves for the articulation of the X-shaped support part are arranged on a shaped, for example angle-shaped, fitting plate.

According to the preferred embodiment of the invention, which is characterized by the design of the articulation of the X-shaped support part on the door and/or door pillar side as a one-piece fitting part, it is preferably provided that the bearing block arranged on the door and/or door pillar side for articulating the control rod is designed or arranged on a uniform fitting part, in particular at least partially designed as an angle strip or the like, having at least one angled tab.

In a further completion of the invention, it is further provided that the device for braking and locking the door in at least one position deviating from the closed position is formed by a mechanical door stop, whereby in a preferred embodiment it is provided that the door stop comprises a C-shaped torsion bar spring arranged on one of the arms of the X-shaped support part and supported on this by a support arm and a detent segment arranged in a plane intersecting the plane of movement of a load arm of the torsion bar spring, which is advantageously connected to the door pillar-side hinge half of the corresponding arm of the X-shaped support.

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part of the associated hingesV 'rigidly* connected** or formed as a single piece with it.

In this embodiment, the torsion bar spring of the door stop is held via its shaft part in a sheet metal part placed on the arm of the X-shaped support part and is supported on it via its support arm, while the catch segment that interacts with the torsion bar spring is formed in one piece with an at least partially angled fitting part that simultaneously supports the hinge half on the door pillar side and the linkage of the control rod. The catch segment that interacts with the torsion bar spring can be equipped with at least one catch roller and connected to the hinge half on the door pillar side in an adjustable manner with respect to the load arm of the torsion bar spring, whereby the adjustable connection of the catch segment that interacts with the torsion bar spring to the hinge half on the door pillar side can be formed by an eccentric section of a rivet bolt that has a stepped shaft part.

A particularly suitable embodiment of the invention, with the simplest design and low weight for using the door linkage to reinforce the relevant body parts, such as the door and door pillar, provides that the fitting part on the door and/or door pillar side, which has or carries the corresponding hinge halves of the linkage of the X-shaped support part, is formed by a sheet metal pressed part stiffened by means of beads and, in its assembled position, forms a reinforcement of the door pillar and/or the door frame. In connection with this, a completion of the inventive concept consists in the door body comprising a frame formed from an upper longitudinal force carrier and a lower side impact carrier as well as at least one front and one rear vertical carrier, to which at least one unit carrier for door installations, such as window lifters or the like, as well as at least one rear

a door lock assigned to the front end of the door and, if necessary, also a front door lock assigned to the front end of the door or another front locking device and finally the door-side hinge halves of the articulation of the X-shaped support part are connected. The fitting part having or supporting the door-side hinge halves of the articulation of the X-shaped support part, in particular formed by a pressed sheet metal part stiffened by means of beads or a profile strip, is designed to extend over the height of the frame of the door body and is connected, in particular screwed, on the one hand to the longitudinal force carrier arranged on the top and on the other hand to the side impact carrier.

In order to facilitate the installation of the door in the door opening of the vehicle body, without prejudice to the advantageous use of the other features according to a further feature of the invention, it can also be provided that either the door or door pillar side hinges of the articulation of the X-shaped support part are designed as spatially articulated hinges, in particular as ball head hinges.

The invention is described in detail in the following example description using an embodiment shown in the drawing.
In the drawing, the

Figure 1 is a side view of an X-shaped support part for the articulation of a vehicle door with a pivoting movement superimposed by a transverse movement;

Figure 2 shows a section through the support part according to Figure 1 along the line H-II;

Figure 3 shows a section along the line IH-III through the support part according to Figure 1;

Figure 4 a section through the articulation of the support part

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along line IV-IV in Figure 1;

Figure 5 is a plan view of the door hinge according to Figures 1 to 4;

Figure 6 is a side view corresponding to Figure 1 but with a door stop attached;

Figure 7 is a plan view of the door stop with the door open;

Figure 8 is a plan view corresponding to Figure 7 on an enlarged scale;

Figure 9 is a side view of the door stop;

Figure 10 is a plan view of an embodiment of the door pillar-side articulation of the support part;

Figure 11 is a rear view of a fitting part hinged to the X-shaped support!

Figure 12 is a side view of the fitting part according to Figure 11;

Figure 13 is a schematic representation of a door frame with an attached X-shaped support part;

Figure 14 is a representation of a modified embodiment of the door frame according to Figure 13;

Figure 15 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the support part according to Figure 1.

The door system, to which the door linkage shown in the drawing belongs, consists of a door pillar 1, a

device for linking a door *2* to *the"*door post 1 and a further device 3 for securing the door 2 in at least one position deviating from the closed position, wherein the device for linking the door consists of an X-shaped hollow box support part 4, to the free ends 5 of which the link axes 6 and 7 of the door 2 on the one hand and the door post 1 on the other hand are connected. The X-shaped hollow box support part 4 consists of two sheet metal half-shells 8 and 9 and, as shown in the illustration in Figure 15, has a biconvex cross-sectional shape over its height, with beads 400 running approximately in the longitudinal direction of its arms and lying in the imaginary connecting line between two opposing links being provided for further stiffening. At its free ends, the hollow box support part 4 is provided with Hinge eyes 10 are provided in such a way that the carrier-side parts of the articulation axes 6 and 7 of the door articulation are formed by two-eye hinge halves 11 connected to the free ends 5 of the carrier part 4, whereby the two-eye hinge halves 11 are formed by length sections of a continuous hinge profile and, as can be seen in particular from the illustrations in Figures 2 and 3, are arranged with their hinge leaf section 12 engaging in the hollow body of the carrier part 4. The two-eye hinge halves 11 are each attached to the carrier part 4 by means of spot welding. The hinge halves on the door and door pillar sides are each designed as a single eye 13. The hinge pins 14 of all hinges connecting the hinge halves 11 and 13 are each mounted by means of bearing bushes 15 made of maintenance-free bearing material with a running seat in the single-eye hinge half 13. In the embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 6, the hinge halves 13 on the door and door column sides are each designed and attached as individual fitting parts. In the embodiment shown in Figures 11 and 12, the two hinge halves 13 on the door side are designed as part of a one-piece fitting part 16. As can be seen in particular in the illustration in Figure

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10 shown in detail, at least one of the two hinge halves 13 on the door pillar side, which can otherwise be attached to the door pillar 1 via screw bolts 19, is provided in the area of its hinge leaf 17 with a fitting recess through an adjustment hole 18 for an alignment part arranged ^on the door pillar 1 and formed by the head 20 of a centering screw. In all of the embodiments shown, a control rod 21 is arranged in the area of the lower end of the X-shaped support part 4, which is pivotably articulated on the one hand to the door 2 and on the other hand to the door pillar 1 about an axis 22 or 23 parallel to the hinge axes 6 and 7 of the support part 4, the articulation axes 22 and 23 of the control rod 21 being arranged offset from the articulation axes 6 and 7 of the X-shaped support part 4 both in the direction of travel and transversely to the direction of travel. The control rod 21 itself is formed by two flat material sections 25 and 26 which are adjustable in length, in particular by means of screw bolts 24, and are provided at both ends with an articulation eye 28 lined with a bearing bush 27 made of maintenance-free bearing material. The control rod 21 is mounted on both the door and door pillar sides by means of a hinge pin 29 in a bearing block 30 designed as a two-eye. In the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 3, both the bearing block 30 arranged on the door and door pillar sides for articulating the control rod 21 is connected to the door and door pillar side hinge half 13 of the lower hinge assigned to the X-shaped support part 4, with the bearing block 30 for articulating the control rod 21 and the door or door pillar side respectively. the hinge half 13 on the door pillar side of the articulation of the X-shaped support part 4 is arranged on a common, angle-shaped fitting plate 31. In the embodiment shown in Figures 11 and 12, the bearing block 30 arranged on the door side is designed to articulate the control rod 21 on the uniform fitting part 16.

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The device for braking and locking the door in at least one position deviating from the closed position is formed in all embodiments shown by a mechanical door stop 33, wherein the door stop 33 comprises a C-shaped torsion bar spring 35 arranged on one of the arms 5 of the X-shaped support part 4 and supported on this by a support arm 34 and a catch segment 37 formed by a flat material cut arranged in a plane intersecting the movement plane of a loading arm 36 of the torsion bar spring 35, and wherein the catch segment 37, as can be seen in particular from the illustration in Figure 9, is connected to the door pillar-side hinge half of the hinge assigned to the corresponding arm 5 of the X-shaped support part 4. The torsion bar spring 35 is held in a sheet metal part 39 placed on the arm 5 of the X-shaped support part 4 via its shaft part 38 and is supported on the latter via its support arm 34. The locking segment 37 interacting with the load arm 36 of the torsion bar spring 35 is equipped with locking rollers 40 and is connected to the door pillar side hinge half 13 in a way that is adjustable with respect to the load arm 36 of the torsion bar spring 35. The adjustable connection of the locking segment 37 interacting with the torsion bar spring 35 to the door pillar side hinge half 13, as shown in detail in Figure 9, is formed by an eccentric section 41 of a rivet bolt 42 having a stepped shaft part.

In the preferred embodiment shown in Figures 11 and 12, the fitting part 16 on the door pillar side, which has and supports the corresponding hinge halves 13 of the articulation of the X-shaped support part 4, is formed by a pressed sheet metal part stiffened by means of beads 44 and, in its assembled position, forms a reinforcement of the door frame, as can be seen from Figure 14. According to the representations in Figures 13 and 14, the door body of the vehicle door, not shown in detail in the drawing, is formed by a longitudinal force carrier made of an upper longitudinal force carrier.

45 and a lower side impact beam" 4δ* as well as at least one front 47 and one rear vertical beam 48 frame, with at least one unit carrier 49 for door fittings, such as window lifters or the like, as well as at least one door lock 50 assigned to the rear end of the door and possibly also a front door lock 51 assigned to the front end of the door and finally the door-side hinge halves 13 of the articulation of the X-shaped support part 4 being connected to the frame. The fitting part 16, which has and supports the door-side hinge halves 13 of the articulation of the X-shaped support part 4, is designed to extend over the height of the frame of the door body and is connected, in particular screwed, on the one hand to the longitudinal force beam 45 arranged on the top and on the other hand to the side impact beam 46, so that it forms an additional vertical beam. The same stiffening effect is achieved with regard to the door pillar if the two hinge halves on the door pillar side of the X-shaped support part are also arranged on a pressed sheet metal part that is possibly stiffened by beads.

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Claims (27)

ED. Scharwächter GmbH + Co.KG. Hohenhagener-Straße 26 - 28 Remscheid 1 Door system IWHfT CLAIMS: 1) Door system, consisting of a door pillar, a device for articulating a door to the door pillar and a further device for securing the door in at least one position deviating from the closed position, characterized in that the device for articulating the door consists of an at least substantially X-shaped hollow box support part and the articulation axes on the one hand of the door and on the other hand of the door pillar are connected to the free ends of the X-shaped support part. 2) Door system according to claim 1, characterized in that the X-shaped hollow box support has a biconvex cross-sectional shape and is formed from two sheet metal half-shells and is provided with hinge eyes at its free ends. 3) Door system according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the carrier-side parts of the articulation axis of the door articulation are formed by hinge halves connected to the free ends of the carrier part. 4) Door system according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the carrier-side parts of the articulation connected to the free ends of the X-shaped carrier axes of the door are formed by dwarf lye-^e hebRiesfe*ä*lf ten. 5) Door system according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the two-eye hinge halves are formed by length sections of a continuous hinge profile. 6) Door system according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the hinge halves on the door and door pillar sides are each designed as a single eye and that the hinge pins of all hinges are each mounted by means of bearing bushes made of maintenance-free material with a running seat in the single eye hinge half. T) Door system according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the hinge halves on the door and/or door column side are each designed and attached as individual fitting parts. 8) Door system according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the hinge halves on the door and/or door pillar side are each combined to form a fitting unit by means of a connecting strip and are each hinged together. 9) Door system according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the two hinge halves on the door and/or door pillar side are each designed as part of a one-piece fitting. 10) Door system according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the fitting part on the door and/or door pillar side, carrying or having the respective hinge halves or the connecting strip can be attached to the respective door arrangement part, door or door pillar, by means of screw bolts and with little at least one fitting recess FClr'Veni*gst*=?ns β in* »alignment part arranged on the door arrangement part. 11) Door system according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the X-shaped support part forming the door articulation is assigned a control rod which is pivotably connected on the one hand to the door and on the other hand to the door pillar about an axis parallel to the hinge axes of the support part, the articulation axes of the control rod being arranged offset from the articulation axes of the X-shaped support part both in the direction of travel and transversely to the direction of travel. 12) Door system according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the control rod is formed by two flat material sections that are adjustable in length, in particular by means of screw bolts, and is provided at both ends with a linkage eye lined by means of a bearing bush made of maintenance-free bearing material. 13) Door system according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the control rod is mounted on the door and/or door pillar side by means of a hinge pin in a bearing block designed as a two-eye. 14) Door system according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the bearing block arranged on the door and/or door pillar side for linking the control rod is mounted on the respective door and/or door pillar side hinge half of one of the hinges assigned to the X-shaped support. 15) Door system according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the door and/or door Bearings arranged on the door side for the attachment of the control rod and one of the hinge halves on the door and/or door pillar side for the articulation of the X-shaped support are arranged on an angle-shaped fitting plate. 16) Door system according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the bearing block arranged on the door and/or door pillar side for linking the control rod is designed or arranged on a uniform fitting part, in particular at least partially designed as an angle strip. 17) Door system according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the device for braking and locking the door in at least one position deviating from the closed position is formed by a mechanical door lock. 18) Door system according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the door arrester comprises a C-shaped torsion bar spring arranged on one of the arms of the X-shaped support and supported on this by a support arm and a locking segment arranged in a plane intersecting the plane of movement of a loading arm of the torsion bar spring, wherein the locking segment is rigidly connected to the door pillar-side hinge half of the hinge assigned to the corresponding arm of the X-shaped support or is formed in one piece with it. 19) Door system according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the torsion bar spring of the door arrester is held via its shaft part in a sheet metal part placed on the arm of the X-shaped support and is supported on the latter via its support arm. 20) Door system according to one of the preceding claims ¹ to 19, characterized in that the catch segment interacting with the torsion bar spring is formed in one piece with an angle fitting part that simultaneously supports the hinge half on the door pillar side and the linkage of the control rod. 21) Door system according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the locking segment interacting with the torsion bar spring is equipped with at least one locking roller and is connected to the hinge half on the door pillar side in an adjustable manner with respect to the load arm of the torsion bar spring. 22) Door system according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 21, characterized in that the adjustable connection of the catch segment interacting with the torsion bar spring with the hinge half on the door pillar side is formed by an eccentric section of a rivet bolt having a stepped shaft part. 23) Door system according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 22, characterized in that the fitting part on the door and/or door pillar side, which has or carries the corresponding hinge halves of the articulation of the X-shaped support, is formed by a pressed sheet metal part stiffened by means of beads and, in its mounted position, forms a reinforcement of the door pillar and/or the door frame. 24) Door system according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 23, characterized in that the door body comprises a frame consisting of an upper longitudinal force carrier and a lower side impact carrier as well as at least one front and one rear vertical carrier, to which at least one unit carrier for door installations, such as window lifters or the like, as well as at least one a "door lock" assigned to the rear end of the door and, if necessary, a front door lock assigned to the front end of the door and finally the door-side hinge halves are connected to the articulation of the X-shaped support. 25) Door system according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 24, characterized in that the fitting part which has or supports the hinge halves of the articulation of the X-shaped support on the door side, in particular formed by a sheet metal pressed part stiffened by means of beads or a profile strip, is designed to extend beyond the height of the frame of the door body and is connected, in particular screwed, on the one hand to the longitudinal force support arranged on the top and on the other hand to the side impact support. 26) Door system according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 25, characterized in that the hinges on the door or door pillar side of the articulation of the X-shaped support are designed as spatially articulated hinges, in particular as ball-head hinges. 27) Door system according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 26, characterized in that the X-shaped support part and the control rod together with the associated hinge parts of their respective articulation enclose a trapezoidal plan shape in plan view.